Genetic history of the Caucasus (Chalcolithic and bronze centuries)

As they said in the famous film: “The Caucasus is both a forge, and a health resort, and a breadbasket!”.
Rich archaeological finds testify to the long history of the presence of people in the region, and even if we take into account the finds in Dmanisi ... But the more massive settlement of the region began from the time of the Upper Paleolithic. A neolithic lifestyle based on food production began in the Caucasus from the 6th millennium BC. e.
Recent paleogenetic studies have resolved several long-standing issues related to cultural and population transformations in prehistoric times.
For years, work has been carried out in the Caucasus region to understand and characterize the genetic variability of the Caucasian populations.
Previously, groups from different geographical, cultural, ethnic and linguistic traditions have been analyzed. The Caucasus was described as an asymmetric semi-permeable barrier based on the higher genetic proximity of the South Caucasian groups to the Anatolian and Middle Eastern populations and the genetic gap between them and the populations of the North Caucasus with the adjacent Eurasian steppe.
While autosomal and mitochondrial DNA data seem relatively homogeneous throughout the Caucasus. A variety of Y-chromosomes reveals a deeper genetic structure, indicating the influence of several so-called "founding fathers" with a striking geographical correspondence of ethnic and linguistic groups, and historical events. In the new work, scientists sought to investigate when and how the genetic patterns observed in the region were formed, and to check their presence from prehistoric times. And also what role has the Caucasus played as a conductor of gene flow in the past and in shaping the cultural and genetic composition of the wider region.
#science #genetics #archeology #DNA #history #Russia #Ukraine #Caucasus
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Based on the article:
The ancient human genome-wide data from a 3000-year interval in the Caucasus corresponds with the eco-geographic regions.
Chuan-Chao Wang, Sabine Reinhold, Alexey Kalmykov, Antje Wissgott, Guido Brandt, Choongwon Jeong, Olivia Cheronet, Matthew Ferry and others. doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08220-8 nature.com
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Auxiliary materials:
Upper Palaeolithic genomes. doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9912 nature.com
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