UPDATE - Fixes for Kali Linux are listed after the instructions, (Kali Linux fixes video: th-cam.com/video/t3eypNzbFlM/w-d-xo.html ): Short instructions for installing Kali Linux: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Edit repository source file: cat /etc/apt/sources.list # Generated by distrobuilder # deb deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main # deb deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main # deb deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bullseye-security main deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script (/usr/bin/gox): Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (/usr/bin/gosyn): xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn ------------------------ Fixes: To fix no audio, a prefix can be used: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 For games, you may need to add /usr/games. For example, for Frozen Bubble: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/frozen-bubble Some programs may require a special feature to be enabled. You may need to check the documentation for that program. For example, dash dash sound enables sound for Powermanga: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/powermanga --sound To fix no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side. From a terminal: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Questions are welcome and encouraged. Due to the design of TH-cam's comment section, posting questions under the pinned comment or under another user's comment makes it difficult for me to find and answer questions. Please do not post your questions under the pinned comment or under other user's questions. Please create a new comment.
You are the best! I tried doing it through crouton but I did not work kept getting a container issue. I followed your instructions step by step I got it in one try you are seriously amazing ! I would love to get my certs courses through you if you offered it amazing job seriously!
everyone told me not to use a chromebook, but crostini is my first linux. your videos made me fall in love with chromebook tinkering. Got a few tricks ive come across myself as well. Can install and run steam no root too. Thankyou for these videos. i might buy your book soon. hope to see more chromebook linux stuff, the no root stuff is really cool.
Brilliant! This is one of the only videos on this topic! I bought a new Chromebook instead of Ruth - and I think it was the right decision. I made sure it is much faster to be able to run Linux smoothly. Thank you again for this video - extremely helpful!
thank you soo much !!!! i had chromebook and wanted to install kali on it i think this video is much much helpful for me !! please continue making video like this !!! at last thanks a lot !!
Using && does not wait for the command to finish on that line, it is a success conditional for that line. It will only run the next command if the previous command is successful. Since there is no command following it on that line, it's not doing anything. You can use || for the opposite effect. Whatever follows || will only run if the previous command fails.
omg thank you so much ive been waiting for this type of vid for months maybe even for a year since we cant use crouton in the same way we could about 2-3 years ago thank you so much it worked so well
the audio dummy output can be fixed before you install Kali by installing pulseaudio and cros-pulse-config packages after installation the Debian container.
Nice tutorial. Clear and concise with enough explanation of what each step is doing. I've been hacking on Linux for nearly 30 years and have never had cause to use Xephyr so this was enlightening. I also learned a new shell idiom; '&>' for redirecting stdout and stderr together. Never ran into that before though I'm sure I've read just about the whole of the bash man page (which is huge) at some point. There's always something new to learn which is one thing I love about computing.
@@austinlohmiller1149 There are lots of TH-cam channels dedicated to this kind of learning as is this one. Another is www.youtube.com/@LearnLinuxTV/videos He's got lots of basic to advanced stuff.
I would recommend shutting down Linux, shutting down the Chromebook, restart the Chromebook, put the Chromebook online, start up Linux again, and try executing the gox script. If that doesn't work then please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & ----------------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
Can you create another video like this for an Ubuntu installation on Chromebook - no rooting? I would love there to be a way to have an Ubuntu desktop GUI on a Chromebook, executed with just a simple terminal command!
The closer a distro is to Debian, the more likely this procedure will work: Canonical is no longer supporting LXC: discuss.linuxcontainers.org/t/important-notice-for-lxd-users-image-server/18479 There are older articles: wiki.archlinux.org/title/Chrome_OS_devices/Crostini ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-ubuntu-on-chromebook#1-overview ChromeOS runs Linux in a nested structure: ChromeOS / CROSH -> VM / Termina -> LXC Container / penguin There are 2 ways to start up a CROSH terminal: Alt+Ctrl+T From the ChromeOS Chrome browser: URL: chrome-untrusted://crosh VM / Termina VMC list, start, stop, reconnect, destroy (USE DESTROY WITH CAUTION), and help: vmc list vmc start termina vmc stop termina vsh termina vmc destroy termina vmc --help LXC Container / penguin List, start, stop, connect user, connect root (it's dash dash space bash), help. In order to issue an lxc stop command, you must first exit the container: lxc list lxc start penguin lxc stop penguin lxc exec penguin su - lxc exec penguin -- bash lxc --help You may find it helpful to clone a container. A container must be stopped before it can be cloned: lxc copy penguin mycontainer lxc list lxc start mycontainer lxc stop mycontainer lxc exec mycontainer su - lxc exec mycontainer -- bash Example session: Alt+Ctrl+T vmc start termina lxc start penguin lxc exec penguin su - gox exit lxc stop penguin exit vmc stop termina exit
Stumbled on your video, I got to say that is the most concise set of instructions. I have a question, is this only limited to the xfce desktop? Can others be installed like GNOME or Mate? Or is it because xfce performs better in the nested environment?
Some Desktops can peacefully coexist and even run at the same time, use a different DISPLAY id if you intend to run them at the same time. The following desktops were tested with Debian 12: XFCE Desktop: Install: task-xfce-desktop Create the file: /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 & GNOME Desktop: install: gnome-shell Create the file: /usr/bin/gog Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 DISPLAY=:20 dbus-launch gnome-shell --x11 & IceWM Desktop: Install: icewm Create the file: /usr/bin/goice Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 DISPLAY=:20 icewm-session & Menu → Settings → Themes → NanoBlue i3wm Desktop: install: i3 Create the file: /usr/bin/goi3 Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 DISPLAY=:20 i3 & TWM Desktop: Install: twm, suckless-tools, nitrogen Create the file: /usr/bin/got Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 DISPLAY=:20 twm &> /dev/null & DISPLAY=:20 nitrogen --restore &> /dev/null & Create the run command file TWMRC for TWM configuration: ~/.twmrc ShowIconManager IconifyByUnmapping Button3 = : root : ! “dmenu_run -fn ‘Mono-20’ &> /dev/null &” Mouse is invisible until first app opens. Right click the desktop to run Dmenu. Run Nitrogen first to setup the wallpaper. To shut down TWM, do killall Xephyr in Chromebook Terminal and then do a regular Linux shutdown The following desktops were tested with Debian 11. KDE Desktop: Install: task-kde-desktop Create the file: /usr/bin/gok Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 DISPLAY=:20 startplasma-x11 &
@@ruthake Thank you for reply, this is good information! I'm going give this a shot using Debian, not sure what desktop environment I'm gonna try this with.
I've tried to install Kali Linux on my new chromebook, followed all steps and rechecked them but when I type "gox" I get a blank screen and nothing else. I removed the “&> /dev/null” from the gox file to see the error. When I re-ran gox I saw the following error: sudo: error initializing audit plugin sudoers_audit. Any ideas how to fix this?
That was good troubleshooting with removing the &> /dev/null and supplying the error message. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & ----------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
It could be an issue with the /etc/apt/sources.list repository file or it could be the Kali software key. It could also be an an internet connectivity issue in Linux (Internet fix listed in the bottom). ----------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn ----------------------------- To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
You're correct, gox is the name of the script. Here's the actual script with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & ---------------------------------- I like starting my launch scripts with go because it makes it easy to list them from a terminal: ls /usr/bin/go* ---------------------------------- You may be interested in the Advanced BASH-Scripting Book: Install: abs-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/abs-guide/html
It sounds like an internet connectivity issue on the Linux side. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
Got everything up and running, thanks for a great video! But i do have a question, im missing a LOT of tools in kali, when trying to get them, not able to locate the package. Any tips to repositories that have access to the kali tools?
It may be a network issue in Linux. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
I love your video, i was able to install the kali linux swiftly your instructions. Thank you. But a quick one, i can only see few tools to use, how can i be able to install, other tools like sniffing tools, vulnerability analysis, web application analysis? Pls i really need your help🤲🏿
It was a great video, I’ve done exactly you told and had no problem installing it but after installation it shows black screen after I hit gox, can you assist me?
It is likely an issue with the go script. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & ----------------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
It looks like Xephyr is missing an "e". Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & ---------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
It sounds like Xephyr is not installed. From a terminal to see if Xephyr is installed: apt list xserver-xephyr This should show: xserver-xephyr/kali-rolling,now 2:21.1.12-1 amd64 [installed] If it's not installed: sudo apt update -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Verify the location of Xephyr: which Xephyr It should show: /usr/bin/Xephyr Execute gox script again: gox
It sounds like Xephyr is spelled wrong in the script. Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & --------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
To see if the Linux side is connected to the internet, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping Check if kali-desktop-xfce is available, if it's not, please review the install instructions from below. From a terminal: apt list kali-desktop-xfce The output should look like: kali-desktop-xfce/kali-rolling,now 2024.1.0 all ------------------------------ For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
After doing everything to a T …was working fine for a few days. Only after I did the last few steps of this video, (i.e. configuring synaptic, configuring the panel and using undercover desktop) did run into issues. Now whenever I attempt to start the terminal it goes through the usual startup but freezes on the part where it says “STARTING LINUX CONTAINER” it gives an error saying “launching vmshell failed: error starting crostini for terminal:58 (START_CONTAINER_TIMED_OUT)
I would recommend shutting down Linux, shutting down the Chromebook, restart the Chromebook, put the Chromebook online, start up Linux again, and try executing the gox script. ------------------------- If that doesn't work, you can try starting up the desktop through the crosh terminal. From the ChromeOS Chrome browser: chrome-untrusted://crosh vmc start termina lxc list penguin should be in a STOPPED state. If it's not, do "lxc stop penguin" first. Once penguin is in a STOPPED state, continue with the following: lxc start penguin To log in as your user: lxc exec penguin su - To log in as root (it's dash dash space bash): lxc exec penguin -- bash ./gol.sh To shut down from the ChromeOS Chrome browser: exit (give it a moment, and press Enter if it ends with the message logout) lxc stop penguin exit vmc stop termina Close the browser.
It sounds like the script doesn't have execute permissions. I recommend the following command, from a terminal: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox ------------------------------ For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
The Firefox browser has bookmarks to the Kali documentation (12:56). I think you would also really enjoy the Advanced BASH-Scripting Book available through Syanptic. These commands often provide additional documentation: man info --help (it's dash dash help) The URL file:/// can be used with any browser. This gives an easy way to search/view PDF/HTML books. qpdfview is also an excellent PDF reader (install: qpdfview). Advanced BASH-Scripting Book (This one's really fun!): Install: abs-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/abs-guide/html Debian Handbook: Install: debian-handbook File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-handbook/html Debian Reference: Install: debian-reference File location: /usr/share/debian-reference Installation Guide: Search for: installation-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/installation-guide-system Maintenance Guide: Install: maint-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/maint-guide/html Reference Card: Install: debian-refcard File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-refcard
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
Hey while im in kali and trying to run synaptic package manager it says authentication is required and i need a password confused on what that would be or how to solve ?
From a terminal ( is the result from the whoami command): To find the user id: whoami To set the password for the user id: sudo passwd To set the root password: sudo passwd root Note, password is purposefully misspelled without "or" in it, and when you set any password, you will have to enter it in twice and it will not show what you are typing. If you forget your password, you can set the password again at any time with the sudo passwd command.
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
I have not tested running Windows apps on ChromeOS. Wine should allow you to run .exe files. Here's an article about running Wine on a Chromebook: beebom.com/how-use-windows-10-apps-chromebook-using-wine/ You may also be interested in virtual machines: chromeunboxed.com/run-a-variety-of-virtual-machines-on-your-chromebook-with-gnome-boxes/
Hey great video! I was able to get the internet working within Kali Linux. Bluetooth is not working. I have tried enabling, restarting etc. It shows "Active: inactive (dead) bluetooth service was skipped because of an unmet condition check (conditionpathisdirectory)" Perhaps Chromebook is not giving up its bluetooth?
Google is in the process of merging Android and ChromeOS VMs and hardware. This may provide better solutions in the future. www.androidauthority.com/chrome-os-running-on-pixel-3442496/
Awesome video thank you so much ! I can’t figure out where I went wrong . I launch the desktop fine but when I click on synaptic to actually open it up after changing the command , my desktop just goes black instead of opening the app. Any ideas? I’ve double checked the script and just can’t figure out where I went wrong .
Edit , so I right clicked on synaptic packet manager from the tool bar. And clicked on properties . From there I clicked edit and it showed a different command. I changed the command to gosyn and it no longer crashes the desktop however the pocket manager just simply doesn’t launch. In fact , when I right click on synaptic manager , the launch button is greyed out
Also, not sure how much this affects it if at all. After typing the gosyn in the command my mouse cursor stayed as if I’m typing . I can still click on things like normal but the cursor no longer shows a regular mouse cursor unless I relaunch .
Hey guys, there is a problem with me when i want to use the terminal for some command like dirb, nslookup, etc. Is it because of it's simple install or another reason? Can someone tell me how to use common linux tools using this installation? Thanks....
It's understandable that new users interested in security may be overwhelmed by the abundance of information. I would strongly recommend starting with the Advanced BASH-Scripting guide (install abs-guide), and then continue onto the Debian Handbook (install debian-handbook). In the handbook, the networking tools are in Chapter 10. You may wish to install info. Chromebook containers use bridge software to connect to the outside world, this will show as eth0. There is no direct connection between the Linux container and the Chromebook's WiFi. These commands often provide additional documentation: man info --help (it's dash dash help) The URL file:/// can be used with any browser. This gives an easy way to search/view PDF/HTML books. qpdfview is also an excellent PDF reader (install: qpdfview). Debian Handbook: Install: debian-handbook File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-handbook/html Debian Reference: Install: debian-reference File location: /usr/share/debian-reference Installation Guide: Search for: installation-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/installation-guide-system Maintenance Guide: Install: maint-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/maint-guide/html Reference Card: Install: debian-refcard File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-refcard Advanced BASH-Scripting Book (This one's really fun!): Install: abs-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/abs-guide/html
It sounds like Xephyr is not installed. From a terminal to see if Xephyr is installed: apt list xserver-xephyr This should show: xserver-xephyr/kali-rolling,now 2:21.1.12-1 amd64 [installed] If it's not installed: sudo apt update -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Verify the location of Xephyr: which Xephyr It should show: /usr/bin/Xephyr Execute gox script again: gox -------------------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
Thanks for this great Linux in a container option, especially for us ARM Chromebook users. Is there a way to set a default resolution in Kali? It usually starts up at 1920 x 1080, but I needed 1536 x 864 which is what I use in ChromeOS.
Due to the nature of Kali running in a container, the normal methods for scaling will not work. There are two options: 1. Set the Chromebook Display size (Chromebook Settings > Device > Displays > Display size) before starting Kali. 2. Start up Xephyr with sommelier. Here's an example script (the smaller the number, the bigger the screen. The bigger the number, the smaller the screen. 2 is half size, and 0.5 is double the size): sommelier -X --scale=0.8 Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & ------------------------- For additional scaling options in Kali: The desktop icon/font size can be adjusted by right clicking inside the desktop > select Desktop Settings... > go to the Icons tab > Icon size and Use custom font size The default font size can be adjusted by going to the Menu > Settings Manager (bottom right of the Menu) > Appearance > go to the Fonts tab > Default Font
This runs Kali within ChromeOS. The Linux development environment is separate from ChromeOS. Linux can be backed up and deleted at any time. Linux can be backed up in Chromebook Settings > Advanced > Developers > Linux development environment > Backup & restore > Backup Linux can be deleted in Chromebook Settings > Advanced > Developers > Linux development environment > Remove Linux can be restored from a backup file in Chromebook Settings > Advanced > Developers > Linux development environment > Backup & restore > Restore (if Linux has been deleted, the base install needs to be done first th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html )
Chromebook containers use bridge software to connect to the outside world, this will show as eth0. There is no direct connection between the Linux container and the Chromebook's WiFi. You can add the Network Monitor to the Panel: Right click the Panel and in the Panel sub menu, select Add New Items. From the Add New Items window, select Network Manager, and click the Add button. By default, the Network Monitor should be set to eth0 (Linux thinks it's connected to internet by ethernet). Open a browser to generate some traffic for the monitor.
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
If Linux is not connecting to the internet: To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux ---------------------------------- If you're attempting to directly access WiFi from the Linux side: The Linux development environment can't directly access WiFi: support.google.com/chromebook/thread/59406567/wireless-interface-not-appearing-in-linux-apps-in-chrome-os?hl=en You can add the Network Monitor to the Panel: Right click the Panel and in the Panel sub menu, select Add New Items. From the Add New Items window, select Network Manager, and click the Add button. By default, the Network Monitor should be set to eth0 (Linux thinks it's connected to internet by ethernet). Open a browser to generate some traffic for the monitor. You may wish to research it and see if ports need to be opened: Ports can be opened in Chromebook Settings > About ChromeOS > Developers > Linux development environment > Port forwarding
I would recommend installing tools individually. Note that the Google container connects to the outside world through bridge software. All tools may not work as expected. In some cases, opening a port can help. This can be done in Chromebook Settings > About ChromeOS > Developers > Linux development environment > Port forwarding. Bridge Software: chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/containers/cros-container-guest-tools/ ----------------------------------- Canonical is no longer supporting LXC (this includes Ubuntu containers): discuss.linuxcontainers.org/t/important-notice-for-lxd-users-image-server/18479
The closer a distro is to Debian, the more likely this procedure will work: Canonical is no longer supporting LXC: discuss.linuxcontainers.org/t/important-notice-for-lxd-users-image-server/18479 There are older articles: wiki.archlinux.org/title/Chrome_OS_devices/Crostini ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-ubuntu-on-chromebook#1-overview ChromeOS runs Linux in a nested structure: ChromeOS / CROSH -> VM / Termina -> LXC Container / penguin There are 2 ways to start up a CROSH terminal: Alt+Ctrl+T From the ChromeOS Chrome browser: URL: chrome-untrusted://crosh VM / Termina VMC list, start, stop, reconnect, destroy (USE DESTROY WITH CAUTION), and help: vmc list vmc start termina vmc stop termina vsh termina vmc destroy termina vmc --help LXC Container / penguin List, start, stop, connect user, connect root (it's dash dash space bash), help. In order to issue an lxc stop command, you must first exit the container: lxc list lxc start penguin lxc stop penguin lxc exec penguin su - lxc exec penguin -- bash lxc --help You may find it helpful to clone a container. A container must be stopped before it can be cloned: lxc copy penguin mycontainer lxc list lxc start mycontainer lxc stop mycontainer lxc exec mycontainer su - lxc exec mycontainer -- bash Example session: Alt+Ctrl+T vmc start termina lxc start penguin lxc exec penguin su - gox exit lxc stop penguin exit vmc stop termina exit
It is likely an issue with the go script. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & -------------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
Honestly i got this to work on this same chrome book multiple times a month or two ago but ive powerwashed 3 times today and copied everything exactly. Id say 30% of the way thru the full-upgrade my terminal crashes and i am unable to relaynch into my terminal unless i close linux via icon as in shut down. I feel as this has caused my error as to when i try to run gox it stalls and all i get is a black screen. On top of that attempting to install xfce returns with an error that i did not have before stating that it was missing dependences.
If you continue to have issues, please comment again. Linux can be completely removed without powerwashing the Chromebook from the Linux development environment settings, click the Remove button. ------------------------------ One of the most common issues with Kali is the internet on the Linux side going out. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux Then retry the failed command. ------------------------------ Alternatively, if the Terminal app crashes, you can try starting up the desktop through the crosh terminal. Before starting the crosh terminal, shut down Linux (right click the Terminal app in the bottom shelf and select Shut down Linux), shut down the Chromebook, start the Chromebook back up, and put the Chromebook online. Then from the ChromeOS Chrome browser: chrome-untrusted://crosh vmc start termina lxc list lxc start penguin To log in as your user: lxc exec penguin su - To log in as root (it's dash dash space bash): lxc exec penguin -- bash gox To shut down from the ChromeOS Chrome browser: exit (give it a moment, and press Enter if it ends with the message logout) lxc stop penguin exit vmc stop termina Close the browser. ------------------------------ For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
@@ruthake i appreciate you taking the time to respond :) not a lot of people do that. I'm gonna remove the Linux Environment and try to use the terminal thru crosh. For some reason when attempting to sudo apt install kali-xfce it returns with a dependency error witch I did not encounter before. I'll give the crosh terminal a whirl when I get home.
It sounds like there's a typo in the sources.list file. Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free ------------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
Hello, please help, i followed the steps and i tried to run Kali but it never comes up, just blank screen, yes i used the internet Please how do i fix this ?
It sounds like an issue with the go script. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & ----------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
@@ruthake yes it was, I was using the command gol instead of gox so it wasn't working I flashed my laptop because I didn't realise on time, I tried other videos which led to developer mode and flashing, I was so sad about it It worked though ! Thank you so much !! You just gained a new follower ! ❤️
@@Nyx-xl4es i have got evrything gox is working but if i press enter it wont work it for others there is a kali display but mine just shows a black site without nothing
It sounds like the Linux side is not connecting to the internet. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
It sounds like it is either an issue with the network connection on the Linux side or the repository. ------------------------------ To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux ------------------------------ If the internet on the Linux side is working, then I would recommend reviewing all the instructions before the "sudo apt install kali-defaults -y" command. For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
please help after I put in the Kali key that works, but when I try to update it with sudo apt update -y it tells me malformed line 3 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list (type) the list of sources could not be read. it says the same thing when I try to upgrade it with sudo apt full-upgrade -y. please tell me how to fix it please and thank you
It sounds like there's an issue with the sources.list file. Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free --------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
Chromebook containers use bridge software to connect to the outside world, this will show as eth0. There is no direct connection between the Linux container and the Chromebook's WiFi. The Chromebook needs to be connected to the internet in order for Linux to be connected to the internet. -------------------------------- Clicking the network icon from the right side of the taskbar for enabling/disabling the network will always say "No network devices available" even if Linux is connected to the internet. -------------------------------- You can add the Network Monitor to the Panel: Right click the Panel and in the Panel sub menu, select Add New Items. From the Add New Items window, select Network Manager, and click the Add button. By default, the Network Monitor should be set to eth0 (Linux thinks it's connected to internet by ethernet). Open a browser to generate some traffic for the monitor. -------------------------------- For clarity just to confirm, this is the fix you tried? To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
I have a problem, when I reload the synaptic package manager, it shows an error saying "Could not download all repository indexes". What can I do? Do I need to reload it?
It sounds like a connectivity issue. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux -------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
I have a problem when I try to reload in synaptic. It says could not download all repository files. The repository may no longer be available or could not be contacted because of network problems. If available an older version of the failed index will be used. Otherwise the repository will ignored. Check your network connection and ensure the repository address in the preferences is correct. And then below says failed to fetch https…. Etc what do I do pls help 😅
It sounds like a network issue on the Linux side. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux
I have the Lenovo N23 and i could install linux but when i try to i get low on disk space warning and the slider for disk size only goes to 6.8GB?It says Linux needs at least 10gb disk space?Any suggestions?
To restore the XFCE Panel to it's default from the Terminal app BEFORE starting up the desktop: cd ~/.config rm -r xfce4 cd ~/.cache rm -r sessions Then reboot Linux.
Oops i commented on the wrong video. But I just wanted to ask how do I increase the size of everything in the kali linux container bcoz I cant see anything
Here's a method for enlarging the entire desktop, this has been an ongoing area of research. We've tried hundreds of combinations, don't hesitate to experiment. This method should also work for Debian. 0.5 doubles the screen size, 2 is half size, decimals can be used (ex. --scale=0.671). ruth is an example user id: sommelier -X --scale=0.5 Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Reboot Linux and startup the desktop again for the scale to take affect. For reference this is the unmodified version of the go script with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & For a sommelier quick reference from a terminal: sommelier --help Sommelier Documentation: chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/platform2/+/HEAD/vm_tools/sommelier/ I have a video that goes into detail on Sommelier: th-cam.com/video/2Rpnudnjc1g/w-d-xo.html
I have video dedicated to that: th-cam.com/video/t3eypNzbFlM/w-d-xo.html --------------------------------------- ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) - Kernel based sound service. PulseAudio - A depreciated sound server. JACK (JACK Audio Connection Kit) - A depreciated sound server. PipeWire - Handles multimedia for Linux such as audio. PipeWire is replacing PulseAudio and JACK sound servers. WirePlumber - Manages PipeWire. XDG (Cross-System Group) - XDG environmental variables help programs find things like PipeWire and D-Bus. D-Bus (Desktop Bus) - An IPC (InterProcess Communications) middleware meaning it helps programs talk to each other. --------------------------------------- To fix no audio, edit the launch command of the app and prefix the Command with: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 For games, you may need to add /usr/games. For example, for Frozen Bubble: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/frozen-bubble Some programs may require a special feature to be enabled. You may need to check the documentation for that program. For example, /usr/games/powermanga --help shows that --sound enables sound for powermanga: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/powermanga --sound --------------------------------------- To get a working volume control, remove the greyed out volume control icon from the top Panel, edit the launch command for PulseAudio Volume Control, and then Add PulseAudio Volume Control to the top Panel. The Command for PulseAudio Volume Control should be changed to: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 GDK_BACKEND=x11 pavucontrol --------------------------------------- To fix no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an 'e' on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side. The nameserver 8.8.8.8 and nameserver 8.8.4.4 are the Google DNS. From a terminal: cd /etc sudo nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, and Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux. --------------------------------------- The Kali fixes video includes examples of using other prefixes: GDK_BACKEND=x11: th-cam.com/video/duwJHojF1kc/w-d-xo.html&list Sommelier: th-cam.com/video/2Rpnudnjc1g/w-d-xo.html&list
To see if neofetch is installed from a terminal: apt list neofetch The output should look like something like this, if it doesn't say installed, then you can install it: neofetch/stable,now 7.1.0-4 all [installed]
it gives me Fatal server error: (EE) Server is already active for display 20 If this server is no longer running, remove /tmp/.X20-lock and start again. (EE)
Please copy and paste any error messages here. ------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
@@ruthake please it’s worked. My Kali Linux is working perfectly. But do u organize class on how to use Kali Linux? Because am new with this but I want to learn
Most things that run on Kali will run on Debian and vice versa which means most Debian documentation will be applicable to Kali. Chromebook containers use bridge software to connect to the outside world, this will show as eth0. There is no direct connection between the Linux container and the Chromebook's WiFi. These commands often provide additional documentation from a terminal: man info --help (it's dash dash help) HTML/PDF Documentation: The URL file:/// can be used with any browser. This gives an easy way to search/view PDF/HTML books. qpdfview is also an excellent PDF reader (install: qpdfview). Debian Handbook: Install: debian-handbook File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-handbook/html Debian Reference: Install: debian-reference File location: /usr/share/debian-reference Installation Guide: Search for: installation-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/installation-guide-system Maintenance Guide: Install: maint-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/maint-guide/html Reference Card: Install: debian-refcard File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-refcard Advanced BASH-Scripting Book (This one's really fun!): Install: abs-guide File location: /usr/share/doc/abs-guide/html ---------------------------- Google is in the process of merging Android and ChromeOS VMs and hardware. This may provide better solutions in the future. www.androidauthority.com/chrome-os-running-on-pixel-3442496/ For everything Chrome related: www.chromium.org/chromium-projects/ ---------------------------- Security is not my area of expertise, but I think you may enjoy the SecurityFWD channel with Kody and the Naomi Brockwell TV channel. "SecurityFWD shows the latest security tools, amazing projects, and keeps you on the edge of what's possible in security today." SecurityFWD Channel (Current): www.youtube.com/@SecurityFWD Original Channel: www.youtube.com/@NullByteWHT What happened to Nullbyte? th-cam.com/video/5MsTm-v0ykQ/w-d-xo.html Naomi Brockwell TV www.youtube.com/@NaomiBrockwellTV
You don't have to switch to Kali, unless you want to use Kali. In general, software that runs in Kali can be run on Debian, and vice versa. If you switch to Kali, you would need to start over.
don't work, everything after i launch kali linux for the first time update : it was me, in her comment, you have to follow the instruction for internet
Please provide the exact command you are executing along with any error messages. --------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
The screen resolution can be lowered to make everything bigger by going to Chromebook Settings > Device > Displays > Display size The desktop icon/font size can be adjusted by right clicking inside the desktop > select Desktop Settings... > go to the Icons tab > Icon size and Use custom font size The default font size can be adjusting by going to the Menu > Settings Manager (bottom right of the Menu) > Appearance > go to the Fonts tab > Default Font
Hello fist I opened terminal Next sudo apt install nano-y After dpkg was interrupted you must manually run sudo dpkg configure a to correct the problem So how to fix it this command? Can you explain it ?
Is the rest of this command asking you: sudo dpkg --configure -a If so, run that command from the terminal. If the command didn't execute (sudo apt install nano-y), there needs to be a space between nano and -y.
when i put Download Kali software key in linux it tells me wget: invalid option -- '0' usage: wget [OPTION]... [URL]... I tried the help option but that doesn't help. you you have an alternative code for Kali on linux?
The software key command should have dash capital O with no spaces in between: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc ------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
@@ruthake when got to the end and put in gox the kali lunix window shows up i wait about 10mins and it just stayed dark there was no tool bar that came up as it showed from your example, so i tried following the steps from the link it showed me but all i notice was that it was asking for me to update the kali lunix software. after that i tried rerunning it again and now it saying i have to remove /tmp/.X20-lock and start again. how do i do that since im very new to this?
I don't believe the technique used for turning Debian into Kali will work for Arch. There are Debian Arch conversion scripts available, however these are not compatible with a container based system: packages.debian.org/bullseye/arch-install-scripts In the future I'll be covering containers. You can manually install a Linux Arch container: images.linuxcontainers.org/ For a Linux Arch container to be functional, it will require bridge software to connect it to ChromeOS: chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/containers/cros-container-guest-tools/ Chrome OS devices/Crostini Arch Wiki: wiki.archlinux.org/title/Chrome_OS_devices/Crostini
I recommend using the Synaptic Package Manager: gosyn Script: 6:48 Configure Synaptic: 9:08 Using Synaptic: 10:11 You may also be interested in my Kali Fixes video: th-cam.com/video/t3eypNzbFlM/w-d-xo.html
resizeable is missing a dash. It should look like: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u dhdh2k DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & The script needs to also be executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
It sounds like the Linux side is not connecting to the internet. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux ---------------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
@@ruthake It worked, thanks for the help, I'm a little new in this area so I still don't know how to solve a problem like this very well. thank you again
I don't believe the technique used for turning Debian into Kali will work for Mint. You may be interested in researching LMDE: www.linuxmint.com/download_lmde.php In the future I'll be covering containers. You can manually install a Linux Mint container: us.lxd.images.canonical.com/ For a Linux Mint container to be functional, it will require bridge software to connect it to ChromeOS: chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/containers/cros-container-guest-tools/
I recommend prefixing the launch command of a program you are trying to run with the following: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 For games, you will need to add /usr/games. For example, for Frozen Bubble: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/frozen-bubble Some programs may require a special feature to be enabled. You will need to check the documentation for that program. For example, dash dash sound enables sound for Powermanga: env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/powermanga --sound I'll be making another video that covers some Kali related issues.
Can you copy and paste the error here? To make sure the internet is working on the Linux side, try opening a browser and go to the Kali website. You can also check the sources.list file. From a terminal: cat /etc/apt/sources.list Everything should be commented out (lines should start with #), except for the last line which should be: deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free You may want to try closing Synaptic, and from a terminal: sudo apt update -y sudo apt dist-upgrade -y Then try starting Synaptic and reloading (Reload button at top left). You can still use apt to install software: sudo apt install neofetch -y ---------------------------------------- If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Hi, I am having trouble when I try to execute gox script. It gives error `No protocol specified. Xephyr cannot open host display. Is Display set?` Can you help me to fix this?
I would recommend shutting down Linux, shutting down the Chromebook, restart the Chromebook, put the Chromebook online, start up Linux again, and try executing the gox script. If that doesn't work, it's likely an issue with the go script. For your convenience I've included the complete install instructions. If you continue to have an issue, please copy and paste your go script (4:30): --------------------------------- This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
Are you able to start the desktop? Are you using Kali XFCE? Linux distros are not intended to be run from containers. It's normal to receive all types of miscellaneous errors and warnings. If your system appears to be working and you wish to mute the error messages. You can mute a line as shown below with "&> /dev/null" . This is the current script we've been using for Kali: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & ------------------------------ Some Desktops can peacefully coexist and even run at the same time, use a different DISPLAY id if you intend to run them at the same time. The following desktops were tested with Debian 12: XFCE Desktop: Install: task-xfce-desktop Create the file: /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :40 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:40 startxfce4 & The following desktops were tested with Debian 11. KDE Desktop: Install: task-kde-desktop Create the file: /usr/bin/gok Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :40 & sleep 5 DISPLAY=:40 startplasma-x11 & GNOME Desktop: Install: task-gnome-desktop, mutter In the script below, the ChromeOS display size is 1518x853. 33 has been subtracted from the height to compensate for the top bar. You may have to experiment with the height. The display size can be found in Chromebook Settings > Device > Displays > Display size. Create the file: /usr/bin/gog export MUTTER_DEBUG_DUMMY_MODE_SPECS=1518x820 sleep 5 gnome-shell --nested --wayland &> /dev/null & IceWM Desktop: Install: icewm Create the file: /usr/bin/goice Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :40 & sleep 5 DISPLAY=:40 icewm-session & Menu → Settings → Themes → NanoBlue TWM Desktop: Install: twm, suckless-tools, nitrogen Create the file: /usr/bin/got Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :40 & sleep 5 DISPLAY=:40 twm &> /dev/null & DISPLAY=:40 nitrogen --restore &> /dev/null & Create the run command file TWMRC for TWM configuration: ~/.twmrc ShowIconManager IconifyByUnmapping Button3 = : root : ! “dmenu_run -fn ‘Mono-20’ &> /dev/null &” Mouse is invisible until first app opens. Right click the desktop to run Dmenu. Run Nitrogen first to setup the wallpaper. To shut down TWM, do killall Xephyr in Chromebook Terminal and then do a regular Linux shutdown
@@ruthake yes, I did the exact installation as presented here this vid...xfce desktop environment. Then I used synaptic to install tools but 1 installation gave broken packages --fix. Unsuccesfull as I cannot list them -8 - with the filter... Also firefox crashes...
Sorry for the late reply. Linux may not be connecting to the internet. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal: ping www.google.com Ctrl-C to stop the ping If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side: cd /etc mv resolv.conf resolv.bak nano resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano Reboot Linux ----------------------------- For Synaptic errors, Synaptic will generally provide the command to resolve the problem. The following command is the most common fix (it's sudo space dpkg space dash dash configure space dash a): sudo dpkg --configure -a If the above command works, I would recommend doing: sudo apt update -y sudo apt dist-upgrade -y ----------------------------- For Firefox, I recommend launching it from a terminal and copy and paste any messages here. ----------------------------- For reference, I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
hello ruth :) , tengo un errror al ejecutar el script gox ( osea lanzar el escritorio) A continuacion el error : @penguin: -$ gox /usr/bin/gox: line 1: xephyr : command no found @penguin: -$ ;( espero tu pronta respuesta //// excelente canal Ruth !!!!!
Linux is case sensitive, so Xephyr needs to be spelled with a capital X. ----------------------------- From a terminal to confirm Xephyr is installed: apt list xserver-xephyr This should show: xserver-xephyr/kali-rolling,now 2:21.1.12-1 amd64 [installed] Verify the location of Xephyr: which Xephyr It should show: /usr/bin/Xephyr ----------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
It is likely an issue with the go script. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30) and any error messages if there are any. Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth: Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & -------------------------------------- For your convenience I've included the complete instructions. This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali. 1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html 2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg Here are the complete instructions: Install nano from a terminal: sudo apt install nano -y Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line: sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free Download Kali software key: sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc Update system: sudo apt update -y sudo apt full-upgrade -y Install software: sudo apt install kali-defaults -y sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y sudo apt install synaptic -y sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y Create gox script: sudo nano /usr/bin/gox Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 & sleep 5 sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null & Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gox script executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed): sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn xhost + && sudo synaptic && xhost - Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano. Make gosyn executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script: gox Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to: gosyn
UPDATE - Fixes for Kali Linux are listed after the instructions, (Kali Linux fixes video: th-cam.com/video/t3eypNzbFlM/w-d-xo.html ):
Short instructions for installing Kali Linux:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Edit repository source file:
cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# Generated by distrobuilder
# deb deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main
# deb deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main
# deb deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script (/usr/bin/gox):
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (/usr/bin/gosyn):
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
------------------------
Fixes:
To fix no audio, a prefix can be used:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000
For games, you may need to add /usr/games. For example, for Frozen Bubble:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/frozen-bubble
Some programs may require a special feature to be enabled. You may need to check the documentation for that program. For example, dash dash sound enables sound for Powermanga:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/powermanga --sound
To fix no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side. From a terminal:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Questions are welcome and encouraged. Due to the design of TH-cam's comment section, posting questions under the pinned comment or under another user's comment makes it difficult for me to find and answer questions. Please do not post your questions under the pinned comment or under other user's questions. Please create a new comment.
You are the best! I tried doing it through crouton but I did not work kept getting a container issue. I followed your instructions step by step I got it in one try you are seriously amazing ! I would love to get my certs courses through you if you offered it amazing job seriously!
everyone told me not to use a chromebook, but crostini is my first linux. your videos made me fall in love with chromebook tinkering. Got a few tricks ive come across myself as well. Can install and run steam no root too. Thankyou for these videos. i might buy your book soon. hope to see more chromebook linux stuff, the no root stuff is really cool.
FINALLY ^___^ some straight forward instructions that execute flawlessly. Thank you Ruth your a legend.
Genuinely the most useful video on TH-cam I've watched this week.
Thank you for this video I use a Chromebook and IV recently started a cyber security course and I've been trying for weeks to get Kali on to my laptop
Brilliant! This is one of the only videos on this topic! I bought a new Chromebook instead of Ruth - and I think it was the right decision. I made sure it is much faster to be able to run Linux smoothly. Thank you again for this video - extremely helpful!
thank you soo much !!!! i had chromebook and wanted to install kali on it i think this video is much much helpful for me !! please continue making video like this !!! at last thanks a lot !!
Using && does not wait for the command to finish on that line, it is a success conditional for that line. It will only run the next command if the previous command is successful. Since there is no command following it on that line, it's not doing anything. You can use || for the opposite effect. Whatever follows || will only run if the previous command fails.
omg thank you so much ive been waiting for this type of vid for months maybe even for a year since we cant use crouton in the same way we could about 2-3 years ago thank you so much it worked so well
the audio dummy output can be fixed before you install Kali by installing pulseaudio and cros-pulse-config packages after installation the Debian container.
Nice tutorial. Clear and concise with enough explanation of what each step is doing. I've been hacking on Linux for nearly 30 years and have never had cause to use Xephyr so this was enlightening. I also learned a new shell idiom; '&>' for redirecting stdout and stderr together. Never ran into that before though I'm sure I've read just about the whole of the bash man page (which is huge) at some point.
There's always something new to learn which is one thing I love about computing.
@@austinlohmiller1149 There are lots of TH-cam channels dedicated to this kind of learning as is this one.
Another is www.youtube.com/@LearnLinuxTV/videos
He's got lots of basic to advanced stuff.
Hi mam i m all correct type command... Then last gox command not working not loading kali display 🙂
I would recommend shutting down Linux, shutting down the Chromebook, restart the Chromebook, put the Chromebook online, start up Linux again, and try executing the gox script.
If that doesn't work then please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
-----------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
Can you create another video like this for an Ubuntu installation on Chromebook - no rooting? I would love there to be a way to have an Ubuntu desktop GUI on a Chromebook, executed with just a simple terminal command!
The closer a distro is to Debian, the more likely this procedure will work:
Canonical is no longer supporting LXC:
discuss.linuxcontainers.org/t/important-notice-for-lxd-users-image-server/18479
There are older articles:
wiki.archlinux.org/title/Chrome_OS_devices/Crostini
ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-ubuntu-on-chromebook#1-overview
ChromeOS runs Linux in a nested structure:
ChromeOS / CROSH -> VM / Termina -> LXC Container / penguin
There are 2 ways to start up a CROSH terminal:
Alt+Ctrl+T
From the ChromeOS Chrome browser:
URL: chrome-untrusted://crosh
VM / Termina
VMC list, start, stop, reconnect, destroy (USE DESTROY WITH CAUTION), and help:
vmc list
vmc start termina
vmc stop termina
vsh termina
vmc destroy termina
vmc --help
LXC Container / penguin
List, start, stop, connect user, connect root (it's dash dash space bash), help. In order to issue an lxc stop command, you must first exit the container:
lxc list
lxc start penguin
lxc stop penguin
lxc exec penguin su -
lxc exec penguin -- bash
lxc --help
You may find it helpful to clone a container. A container must be stopped before it can be cloned:
lxc copy penguin mycontainer
lxc list
lxc start mycontainer
lxc stop mycontainer
lxc exec mycontainer su -
lxc exec mycontainer -- bash
Example session:
Alt+Ctrl+T
vmc start termina
lxc start penguin
lxc exec penguin su -
gox
exit
lxc stop penguin
exit
vmc stop termina
exit
@@ruthake To be honest - I don't understand that but I appreciate the effort you put in to this. I will sdo some additional research.
Stumbled on your video, I got to say that is the most concise set of instructions. I have a question, is this only limited to the xfce desktop? Can others be installed like GNOME or Mate? Or is it because xfce performs better in the nested environment?
Some Desktops can peacefully coexist and even run at the same time, use a different DISPLAY id if you intend to run them at the same time.
The following desktops were tested with Debian 12:
XFCE Desktop:
Install: task-xfce-desktop
Create the file: /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &
GNOME Desktop:
install: gnome-shell
Create the file: /usr/bin/gog
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
DISPLAY=:20 dbus-launch gnome-shell --x11 &
IceWM Desktop:
Install: icewm
Create the file: /usr/bin/goice
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
DISPLAY=:20 icewm-session &
Menu → Settings → Themes → NanoBlue
i3wm Desktop:
install: i3
Create the file: /usr/bin/goi3
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
DISPLAY=:20 i3 &
TWM Desktop:
Install: twm, suckless-tools, nitrogen
Create the file: /usr/bin/got
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
DISPLAY=:20 twm &> /dev/null &
DISPLAY=:20 nitrogen --restore &> /dev/null &
Create the run command file TWMRC for TWM configuration: ~/.twmrc
ShowIconManager
IconifyByUnmapping
Button3 = : root : ! “dmenu_run -fn ‘Mono-20’ &> /dev/null &”
Mouse is invisible until first app opens. Right click the desktop to run Dmenu.
Run Nitrogen first to setup the wallpaper.
To shut down TWM, do killall Xephyr in Chromebook Terminal and then do a regular Linux shutdown
The following desktops were tested with Debian 11.
KDE Desktop:
Install: task-kde-desktop
Create the file: /usr/bin/gok
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
DISPLAY=:20 startplasma-x11 &
@@ruthake Thank you for reply, this is good information! I'm going give this a shot using Debian, not sure what desktop environment I'm gonna try this with.
I've tried to install Kali Linux on my new chromebook, followed all steps and rechecked them but when I type "gox" I get a blank screen and nothing else. I removed the “&> /dev/null” from the gox file to see the error. When I re-ran gox I saw the following error: sudo: error initializing audit plugin sudoers_audit. Any ideas how to fix this?
That was good troubleshooting with removing the &> /dev/null and supplying the error message.
Please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
-----------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
Thank you, may God bless you and always be successful, Ruth🤩
When I do the line for “sudo apt install kali-defaults -y” it just says unable to locate package Kali-Defaults
It could be an issue with the /etc/apt/sources.list repository file or it could be the Kali software key. It could also be an an internet connectivity issue in Linux (Internet fix listed in the bottom).
-----------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
-----------------------------
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
I forgot tje command to run kali linux for example gox
You're correct, gox is the name of the script. Here's the actual script with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
----------------------------------
I like starting my launch scripts with go because it makes it easy to list them from a terminal:
ls /usr/bin/go*
----------------------------------
You may be interested in the Advanced BASH-Scripting Book:
Install: abs-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/abs-guide/html
@@ruthake i changed gox script because it did not work and i forgot the script to run it
You can try doing a history on your commands or use a file manager to sort the files by date. To list previous commands from a terminal:
history
Could not download all repository indexes is showing when I reload or install neofetch what to do?maam please help
It sounds like an internet connectivity issue on the Linux side. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
Thank you! Greatly appreciate it!
Got everything up and running, thanks for a great video! But i do have a question, im missing a LOT of tools in kali, when trying to get them, not able to locate the package. Any tips to repositories that have access to the kali tools?
It may be a network issue in Linux. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
I love your video, i was able to install the kali linux swiftly your instructions. Thank you.
But a quick one, i can only see few tools to use, how can i be able to install, other tools like sniffing tools, vulnerability analysis, web application analysis? Pls i really need your help🤲🏿
Thank you very much. I have been able to install them using Google to search for the apps
It was a great video, I’ve done exactly you told and had no problem installing it but after installation it shows black screen after I hit gox, can you assist me?
It is likely an issue with the go script. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
-----------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
It worked thanks a lot
This Is Awesome!
Thank you!
Awesome 🤩
Thank you!
Hi mam the gox is not working when in type gox is saying /usr/bin/gox : line 1 : Xephyr : command not found can you help me please?
It looks like Xephyr is missing an "e". Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
----------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthakei fixed that again get that error
It sounds like Xephyr is not installed. From a terminal to see if Xephyr is installed:
apt list xserver-xephyr
This should show:
xserver-xephyr/kali-rolling,now 2:21.1.12-1 amd64 [installed]
If it's not installed:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Verify the location of Xephyr:
which Xephyr
It should show:
/usr/bin/Xephyr
Execute gox script again:
gox
I seriously love your videos and what you make possible for so many people!!! You're a truly amazing youtuber!!!
I named my file gox but it won’t show says /usr/bin/gox: Line 1: Xeohry: command not found
It sounds like Xephyr is spelled wrong in the script. Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
---------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake thank you and that might have been me misspelling it myself. I’ll try again tonight or tomorrow when I get the chance
You're so coooooool, thank you for this
help E: Unable to locate package kali-desktop-xfce
To see if the Linux side is connected to the internet, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
Check if kali-desktop-xfce is available, if it's not, please review the install instructions from below. From a terminal:
apt list kali-desktop-xfce
The output should look like:
kali-desktop-xfce/kali-rolling,now 2024.1.0 all
------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
After doing everything to a T …was working fine for a few days. Only after I did the last few steps of this video, (i.e. configuring synaptic, configuring the panel and using undercover desktop) did run into issues. Now whenever I attempt to start the terminal it goes through the usual startup but freezes on the part where it says “STARTING LINUX CONTAINER” it gives an error saying “launching vmshell failed: error starting crostini for terminal:58
(START_CONTAINER_TIMED_OUT)
I would recommend shutting down Linux, shutting down the Chromebook, restart the Chromebook, put the Chromebook online, start up Linux again, and try executing the gox script.
-------------------------
If that doesn't work, you can try starting up the desktop through the crosh terminal. From the ChromeOS Chrome browser:
chrome-untrusted://crosh
vmc start termina
lxc list
penguin should be in a STOPPED state. If it's not, do "lxc stop penguin" first. Once penguin is in a STOPPED state, continue with the following:
lxc start penguin
To log in as your user:
lxc exec penguin su -
To log in as root (it's dash dash space bash):
lxc exec penguin -- bash
./gol.sh
To shut down from the ChromeOS Chrome browser:
exit (give it a moment, and press Enter if it ends with the message logout)
lxc stop penguin
exit
vmc stop termina
Close the browser.
8:59
Here i have a problem when I wanna lunch the desktop it says:
Command not found
It sounds like the script doesn't have execute permissions. I recommend the following command, from a terminal:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake thank you I've solved the problem can u give me some kali tools commands
The Firefox browser has bookmarks to the Kali documentation (12:56). I think you would also really enjoy the Advanced BASH-Scripting Book available through Syanptic.
These commands often provide additional documentation:
man
info
--help (it's dash dash help)
The URL file:/// can be used with any browser. This gives an easy way to search/view PDF/HTML books.
qpdfview is also an excellent PDF reader (install: qpdfview).
Advanced BASH-Scripting Book (This one's really fun!):
Install: abs-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/abs-guide/html
Debian Handbook:
Install: debian-handbook
File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-handbook/html
Debian Reference:
Install: debian-reference
File location: /usr/share/debian-reference
Installation Guide:
Search for: installation-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/installation-guide-system
Maintenance Guide:
Install: maint-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/maint-guide/html
Reference Card:
Install: debian-refcard
File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-refcard
@@ruthake thank you and how can i make Linux recognise the network my laptop connected to without restarting kali
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
Your videos are great.
miss, i cannot connect to the internet wile im in rhe desktop :/
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
Hey while im in kali and trying to run synaptic package manager it says authentication is required and i need a password confused on what that would be or how to solve ?
From a terminal ( is the result from the whoami command):
To find the user id:
whoami
To set the password for the user id:
sudo passwd
To set the root password:
sudo passwd root
Note, password is purposefully misspelled without "or" in it, and when you set any password, you will have to enter it in twice and it will not show what you are typing. If you forget your password, you can set the password again at any time with the sudo passwd command.
@@ruthake thanks so much!
Hello! Everything works. But i cant open google and stuff, cus it says that i dont have network connection, but i do. So idk what to do
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
@ruthake btw can you also make a tutorial on how to run exe files on chromebook plsss
I have not tested running Windows apps on ChromeOS. Wine should allow you to run .exe files. Here's an article about running Wine on a Chromebook:
beebom.com/how-use-windows-10-apps-chromebook-using-wine/
You may also be interested in virtual machines:
chromeunboxed.com/run-a-variety-of-virtual-machines-on-your-chromebook-with-gnome-boxes/
Hey great video! I was able to get the internet working within Kali Linux. Bluetooth is not working. I have tried enabling, restarting etc. It shows "Active: inactive (dead) bluetooth service was skipped because of an unmet condition check (conditionpathisdirectory)"
Perhaps Chromebook is not giving up its bluetooth?
Google is in the process of merging Android and ChromeOS VMs and hardware. This may provide better solutions in the future.
www.androidauthority.com/chrome-os-running-on-pixel-3442496/
Awesome video thank you so much ! I can’t figure out where I went wrong . I launch the desktop fine but when I click on synaptic to actually open it up after changing the command , my desktop just goes black instead of opening the app. Any ideas? I’ve double checked the script and just can’t figure out where I went wrong .
Edit , so I right clicked on synaptic packet manager from the tool bar. And clicked on properties . From there I clicked edit and it showed a different command. I changed the command to gosyn and it no longer crashes the desktop however the pocket manager just simply doesn’t launch. In fact , when I right click on synaptic manager , the launch button is greyed out
Also, not sure how much this affects it if at all. After typing the gosyn in the command my mouse cursor stayed as if I’m typing . I can still click on things like normal but the cursor no longer shows a regular mouse cursor unless I relaunch .
Update: So I was able to launch it by bringing up the terminal and logging in as root . I launched it from there and everything is working now !
Hey guys, there is a problem with me when i want to use the terminal for some command like dirb, nslookup, etc. Is it because of it's simple install or another reason? Can someone tell me how to use common linux tools using this installation? Thanks....
It's understandable that new users interested in security may be overwhelmed by the abundance of information. I would strongly recommend starting with the Advanced BASH-Scripting guide (install abs-guide), and then continue onto the Debian Handbook (install debian-handbook). In the handbook, the networking tools are in Chapter 10. You may wish to install info.
Chromebook containers use bridge software to connect to the outside world, this will show as eth0. There is no direct connection between the Linux container and the Chromebook's WiFi.
These commands often provide additional documentation:
man
info
--help (it's dash dash help)
The URL file:/// can be used with any browser. This gives an easy way to search/view PDF/HTML books.
qpdfview is also an excellent PDF reader (install: qpdfview).
Debian Handbook:
Install: debian-handbook
File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-handbook/html
Debian Reference:
Install: debian-reference
File location: /usr/share/debian-reference
Installation Guide:
Search for: installation-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/installation-guide-system
Maintenance Guide:
Install: maint-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/maint-guide/html
Reference Card:
Install: debian-refcard
File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-refcard
Advanced BASH-Scripting Book (This one's really fun!):
Install: abs-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/abs-guide/html
@@ruthake Thank you Ruth. I'll try Your recommendation.
Did everything but when I type gox from the terminal I get following error, please help :(
/usr/bin/gox: line 1: Xephyr: command not found
It sounds like Xephyr is not installed. From a terminal to see if Xephyr is installed:
apt list xserver-xephyr
This should show:
xserver-xephyr/kali-rolling,now 2:21.1.12-1 amd64 [installed]
If it's not installed:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Verify the location of Xephyr:
which Xephyr
It should show:
/usr/bin/Xephyr
Execute gox script again:
gox
--------------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
Thanks for this great Linux in a container option, especially for us ARM Chromebook users.
Is there a way to set a default resolution in Kali? It usually starts up at 1920 x 1080, but I needed 1536 x 864 which is what I use in ChromeOS.
Due to the nature of Kali running in a container, the normal methods for scaling will not work. There are two options:
1. Set the Chromebook Display size (Chromebook Settings > Device > Displays > Display size) before starting Kali.
2. Start up Xephyr with sommelier. Here's an example script (the smaller the number, the bigger the screen. The bigger the number, the smaller the screen. 2 is half size, and 0.5 is double the size):
sommelier -X --scale=0.8 Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
-------------------------
For additional scaling options in Kali:
The desktop icon/font size can be adjusted by right clicking inside the desktop > select Desktop Settings... > go to the Icons tab > Icon size and Use custom font size
The default font size can be adjusted by going to the Menu > Settings Manager (bottom right of the Menu) > Appearance > go to the Fonts tab > Default Font
This will just run kali within that chrome os or remove Chrome os and install Kali?
This runs Kali within ChromeOS. The Linux development environment is separate from ChromeOS. Linux can be backed up and deleted at any time.
Linux can be backed up in Chromebook Settings > Advanced > Developers > Linux development environment > Backup & restore > Backup
Linux can be deleted in Chromebook Settings > Advanced > Developers > Linux development environment > Remove
Linux can be restored from a backup file in Chromebook Settings > Advanced > Developers > Linux development environment > Backup & restore > Restore (if Linux has been deleted, the base install needs to be done first th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html )
@@ruthake Thanks for the reply mam. I appreciate your well explained response.
good day Ruth I have a problem I don't know how to change my wifi network to bridge connection can u plss help
Chromebook containers use bridge software to connect to the outside world, this will show as eth0. There is no direct connection between the Linux container and the Chromebook's WiFi.
You can add the Network Monitor to the Panel:
Right click the Panel and in the Panel sub menu, select Add New Items.
From the Add New Items window, select Network Manager, and click the Add button.
By default, the Network Monitor should be set to eth0 (Linux thinks it's connected to internet by ethernet).
Open a browser to generate some traffic for the monitor.
When I try to reload synaptics packages I’m told I have a network problem how do I connect my network
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
the network devices is not working can you halp my
If Linux is not connecting to the internet:
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
----------------------------------
If you're attempting to directly access WiFi from the Linux side:
The Linux development environment can't directly access WiFi:
support.google.com/chromebook/thread/59406567/wireless-interface-not-appearing-in-linux-apps-in-chrome-os?hl=en
You can add the Network Monitor to the Panel:
Right click the Panel and in the Panel sub menu, select Add New Items.
From the Add New Items window, select Network Manager, and click the Add button.
By default, the Network Monitor should be set to eth0 (Linux thinks it's connected to internet by ethernet).
Open a browser to generate some traffic for the monitor.
You may wish to research it and see if ports need to be opened:
Ports can be opened in Chromebook Settings > About ChromeOS > Developers > Linux development environment > Port forwarding
Hello, how can I install all the Kali tools? Since there are only a few coming, could you help me? greetings and a hug from Chile
I would recommend installing tools individually. Note that the Google container connects to the outside world through bridge software. All tools may not work as expected.
In some cases, opening a port can help. This can be done in Chromebook Settings > About ChromeOS > Developers > Linux development environment > Port forwarding.
Bridge Software:
chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/containers/cros-container-guest-tools/
-----------------------------------
Canonical is no longer supporting LXC (this includes Ubuntu containers):
discuss.linuxcontainers.org/t/important-notice-for-lxd-users-image-server/18479
This is great thank you. Is it possible to use this process to install any other repos?
The closer a distro is to Debian, the more likely this procedure will work:
Canonical is no longer supporting LXC:
discuss.linuxcontainers.org/t/important-notice-for-lxd-users-image-server/18479
There are older articles:
wiki.archlinux.org/title/Chrome_OS_devices/Crostini
ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-ubuntu-on-chromebook#1-overview
ChromeOS runs Linux in a nested structure:
ChromeOS / CROSH -> VM / Termina -> LXC Container / penguin
There are 2 ways to start up a CROSH terminal:
Alt+Ctrl+T
From the ChromeOS Chrome browser:
URL: chrome-untrusted://crosh
VM / Termina
VMC list, start, stop, reconnect, destroy (USE DESTROY WITH CAUTION), and help:
vmc list
vmc start termina
vmc stop termina
vsh termina
vmc destroy termina
vmc --help
LXC Container / penguin
List, start, stop, connect user, connect root (it's dash dash space bash), help. In order to issue an lxc stop command, you must first exit the container:
lxc list
lxc start penguin
lxc stop penguin
lxc exec penguin su -
lxc exec penguin -- bash
lxc --help
You may find it helpful to clone a container. A container must be stopped before it can be cloned:
lxc copy penguin mycontainer
lxc list
lxc start mycontainer
lxc stop mycontainer
lxc exec mycontainer su -
lxc exec mycontainer -- bash
Example session:
Alt+Ctrl+T
vmc start termina
lxc start penguin
lxc exec penguin su -
gox
exit
lxc stop penguin
exit
vmc stop termina
exit
everything worked but when i enter gox the screen stay black it wont turn to kali please help
It is likely an issue with the go script. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
--------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake i copy paste your commands but it wont work
@@ruthake It worked may God bless you
Honestly i got this to work on this same chrome book multiple times a month or two ago but ive powerwashed 3 times today and copied everything exactly. Id say 30% of the way thru the full-upgrade my terminal crashes and i am unable to relaynch into my terminal unless i close linux via icon as in shut down. I feel as this has caused my error as to when i try to run gox it stalls and all i get is a black screen. On top of that attempting to install xfce returns with an error that i did not have before stating that it was missing dependences.
Dpkg was interrupted when attempting to re sudo apt full-upgrade -y
I run Sudo dpkg --configure -a and it spits out removing obsolete conffile polkit
Re running the full upgrade hopefully it works
If you continue to have issues, please comment again. Linux can be completely removed without powerwashing the Chromebook from the Linux development environment settings, click the Remove button.
------------------------------
One of the most common issues with Kali is the internet on the Linux side going out. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
Then retry the failed command.
------------------------------
Alternatively, if the Terminal app crashes, you can try starting up the desktop through the crosh terminal. Before starting the crosh terminal, shut down Linux (right click the Terminal app in the bottom shelf and select Shut down Linux), shut down the Chromebook, start the Chromebook back up, and put the Chromebook online. Then from the ChromeOS Chrome browser:
chrome-untrusted://crosh
vmc start termina
lxc list
lxc start penguin
To log in as your user:
lxc exec penguin su -
To log in as root (it's dash dash space bash):
lxc exec penguin -- bash
gox
To shut down from the ChromeOS Chrome browser:
exit (give it a moment, and press Enter if it ends with the message logout)
lxc stop penguin
exit
vmc stop termina
Close the browser.
------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake i appreciate you taking the time to respond :) not a lot of people do that. I'm gonna remove the Linux Environment and try to use the terminal thru crosh. For some reason when attempting to sudo apt install kali-xfce it returns with a dependency error witch I did not encounter before. I'll give the crosh terminal a whirl when I get home.
Sudo apt update and uppgrade does not work please help
Can you please copy and paste the error message here.
@@ruthake malformed line 3 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list (type)
The list of sources could not be read.
:(
It sounds like there's a typo in the sources.list file. Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
-------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake im sorry im such a noob how do you delete ?
@@ruthake wait its working now, thank you for respond and help, ill Come back if somthing comes up again.
Thanks!!! This us way better than debian
Hello, please help, i followed the steps and i tried to run Kali but it never comes up, just blank screen, yes i used the internet
Please how do i fix this ?
It sounds like an issue with the go script. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30). Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
-----------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake yes it was, I was using the command gol instead of gox so it wasn't working
I flashed my laptop because I didn't realise on time, I tried other videos which led to developer mode and flashing, I was so sad about it
It worked though ! Thank you so much !! You just gained a new follower ! ❤️
@@Nyx-xl4es i have got evrything gox is working but if i press enter it wont work it for others there is a kali display but mine just shows a black site without nothing
When in synaptic package manager it says could not download all repository indexes what should I do
It sounds like the Linux side is not connecting to the internet. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
After sudo apt install kali-defaults -y after this command its showing unable to locate package kali-defaults
It sounds like it is either an issue with the network connection on the Linux side or the repository.
------------------------------
To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
------------------------------
If the internet on the Linux side is working, then I would recommend reviewing all the instructions before the "sudo apt install kali-defaults -y" command.
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
please help after I put in the Kali key that works, but when I try to update it with sudo apt update -y it tells me malformed line 3 in source list /etc/apt/sources.list (type) the list of sources could not be read. it says the same thing when I try to upgrade it with sudo apt full-upgrade -y. please tell me how to fix it please and thank you
It sounds like there's an issue with the sources.list file. Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
---------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
no network connections show, i’ve tried pinging google and doing that fix. It is not on the linux side im thinkin it’s a driver please help . 🙏
Chromebook containers use bridge software to connect to the outside world, this will show as eth0. There is no direct connection between the Linux container and the Chromebook's WiFi. The Chromebook needs to be connected to the internet in order for Linux to be connected to the internet.
--------------------------------
Clicking the network icon from the right side of the taskbar for enabling/disabling the network will always say "No network devices available" even if Linux is connected to the internet.
--------------------------------
You can add the Network Monitor to the Panel:
Right click the Panel and in the Panel sub menu, select Add New Items.
From the Add New Items window, select Network Manager, and click the Add button.
By default, the Network Monitor should be set to eth0 (Linux thinks it's connected to internet by ethernet).
Open a browser to generate some traffic for the monitor.
--------------------------------
For clarity just to confirm, this is the fix you tried? To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
Your too cute to be doing naughty things like installing Kali on a Chromebook! LMAO jk just found your channel thanks for the tips pun intended ;)
I have a problem, when I reload the synaptic package manager, it shows an error saying "Could not download all repository indexes". What can I do? Do I need to reload it?
It sounds like a connectivity issue. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
--------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
I have a problem when I try to reload in synaptic. It says could not download all repository files. The repository may no longer be available or could not be contacted because of network problems. If available an older version of the failed index will be used. Otherwise the repository will ignored. Check your network connection and ensure the repository address in the preferences is correct. And then below says failed to fetch https…. Etc what do I do pls help 😅
It sounds like a network issue on the Linux side. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
great content it worked
I have the Lenovo N23 and i could install linux but when i try to i get low on disk space warning and the slider for disk size only goes to 6.8GB?It says Linux needs at least 10gb disk space?Any suggestions?
The only option is to free up storage on the Chromebook side.
I have followed all the steps everything is set
but Menu option is not showing on my device
How to fix it ?
To restore the XFCE Panel to it's default from the Terminal app BEFORE starting up the desktop:
cd ~/.config
rm -r xfce4
cd ~/.cache
rm -r sessions
Then reboot Linux.
best video EVER
Oops i commented on the wrong video. But I just wanted to ask how do I increase the size of everything in the kali linux container bcoz I cant see anything
Here's a method for enlarging the entire desktop, this has been an ongoing area of research. We've tried hundreds of combinations, don't hesitate to experiment. This method should also work for Debian. 0.5 doubles the screen size, 2 is half size, decimals can be used (ex. --scale=0.671). ruth is an example user id:
sommelier -X --scale=0.5 Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Reboot Linux and startup the desktop again for the scale to take affect.
For reference this is the unmodified version of the go script with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
For a sommelier quick reference from a terminal:
sommelier --help
Sommelier Documentation:
chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/platform2/+/HEAD/vm_tools/sommelier/
I have a video that goes into detail on Sommelier:
th-cam.com/video/2Rpnudnjc1g/w-d-xo.html
Thanks for sharing :)
Managed to get it to work, but could you do a tutorial on how to get sound and the WiFi to work 😊
I have video dedicated to that:
th-cam.com/video/t3eypNzbFlM/w-d-xo.html
---------------------------------------
ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) - Kernel based sound service.
PulseAudio - A depreciated sound server.
JACK (JACK Audio Connection Kit) - A depreciated sound server.
PipeWire - Handles multimedia for Linux such as audio. PipeWire is replacing PulseAudio and JACK sound servers.
WirePlumber - Manages PipeWire.
XDG (Cross-System Group) - XDG environmental variables help programs find things like PipeWire and D-Bus.
D-Bus (Desktop Bus) - An IPC (InterProcess Communications) middleware meaning it helps programs talk to each other.
---------------------------------------
To fix no audio, edit the launch command of the app and prefix the Command with:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000
For games, you may need to add /usr/games. For example, for Frozen Bubble:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/frozen-bubble
Some programs may require a special feature to be enabled. You may need to check the documentation for that program. For example, /usr/games/powermanga --help shows that --sound enables sound for powermanga:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/powermanga --sound
---------------------------------------
To get a working volume control, remove the greyed out volume control icon from the top Panel, edit the launch command for PulseAudio Volume Control, and then Add PulseAudio Volume Control to the top Panel. The Command for PulseAudio Volume Control should be changed to:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 GDK_BACKEND=x11 pavucontrol
---------------------------------------
To fix no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an 'e' on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side. The nameserver 8.8.8.8 and nameserver 8.8.4.4 are the Google DNS. From a terminal:
cd /etc
sudo nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, and Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux.
---------------------------------------
The Kali fixes video includes examples of using other prefixes:
GDK_BACKEND=x11: th-cam.com/video/duwJHojF1kc/w-d-xo.html&list
Sommelier: th-cam.com/video/2Rpnudnjc1g/w-d-xo.html&list
@@ruthake all working. how ever i cant get that command neofetch to work. um....???#
To see if neofetch is installed from a terminal:
apt list neofetch
The output should look like something like this, if it doesn't say installed, then you can install it:
neofetch/stable,now 7.1.0-4 all [installed]
what do i do if the directory /ect/apt/ dose not exist?
It sounds like you mean /etc/apt. From a terminal:
cd /
ls
cd etc
ls -d apt
cd apt
ls
pwd
@@ruthake thank u I will try again
it gives me
Fatal server error:
(EE) Server is already active for display 20
If this server is no longer running, remove /tmp/.X20-lock
and start again.
(EE)
I recommend removing the lock file and then try starting the desktop again:
sudo rm /tmp/.X20-lock
gox
The gox command didn’t work to start kali . Can you help me
Please copy and paste any error messages here.
-------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake please it’s worked. My Kali Linux is working perfectly. But do u organize class on how to use Kali Linux? Because am new with this but I want to learn
Most things that run on Kali will run on Debian and vice versa which means most Debian documentation will be applicable to Kali. Chromebook containers use bridge software to connect to the outside world, this will show as eth0. There is no direct connection between the Linux container and the Chromebook's WiFi.
These commands often provide additional documentation from a terminal:
man
info
--help (it's dash dash help)
HTML/PDF Documentation:
The URL file:/// can be used with any browser. This gives an easy way to search/view PDF/HTML books.
qpdfview is also an excellent PDF reader (install: qpdfview).
Debian Handbook:
Install: debian-handbook
File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-handbook/html
Debian Reference:
Install: debian-reference
File location: /usr/share/debian-reference
Installation Guide:
Search for: installation-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/installation-guide-system
Maintenance Guide:
Install: maint-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/maint-guide/html
Reference Card:
Install: debian-refcard
File location: /usr/share/doc/debian-refcard
Advanced BASH-Scripting Book (This one's really fun!):
Install: abs-guide
File location: /usr/share/doc/abs-guide/html
----------------------------
Google is in the process of merging Android and ChromeOS VMs and hardware. This may provide better solutions in the future.
www.androidauthority.com/chrome-os-running-on-pixel-3442496/
For everything Chrome related:
www.chromium.org/chromium-projects/
----------------------------
Security is not my area of expertise, but I think you may enjoy the SecurityFWD channel with Kody and the Naomi Brockwell TV channel.
"SecurityFWD shows the latest security tools, amazing projects, and keeps you on the edge of what's possible in security today."
SecurityFWD Channel (Current):
www.youtube.com/@SecurityFWD
Original Channel:
www.youtube.com/@NullByteWHT
What happened to Nullbyte?
th-cam.com/video/5MsTm-v0ykQ/w-d-xo.html
Naomi Brockwell TV
www.youtube.com/@NaomiBrockwellTV
@@ruthake Thank you
So since I have debian installed already on the chromebook I do not need to remove debian as this will just change it over to Kali? Correct?
You don't have to switch to Kali, unless you want to use Kali. In general, software that runs in Kali can be run on Debian, and vice versa.
If you switch to Kali, you would need to start over.
don't work, everything after i launch kali linux for the first time
update : it was me, in her comment, you have to follow the instruction for internet
Please provide the exact command you are executing along with any error messages.
---------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake i found
Same
hello your content is so good i did all good but problem came in icon and fontz size how i can fix plz tell me
The screen resolution can be lowered to make everything bigger by going to Chromebook Settings > Device > Displays > Display size
The desktop icon/font size can be adjusted by right clicking inside the desktop > select Desktop Settings... > go to the Icons tab > Icon size and Use custom font size
The default font size can be adjusting by going to the Menu > Settings Manager (bottom right of the Menu) > Appearance > go to the Fonts tab > Default Font
@@ruthake thx
Hello fist I opened terminal
Next sudo apt install nano-y
After dpkg was interrupted you must manually run sudo dpkg configure a to correct the problem
So how to fix it this command?
Can you explain it ?
Is the rest of this command asking you:
sudo dpkg --configure -a
If so, run that command from the terminal.
If the command didn't execute (sudo apt install nano-y), there needs to be a space between nano and -y.
when i put Download Kali software key in linux it tells me
wget: invalid option -- '0'
usage: wget [OPTION]... [URL]...
I tried the help option but that doesn't help. you you have an alternative code for Kali on linux?
The software key command should have dash capital O with no spaces in between:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
-------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake thanks ima going input that now. I’ll let you know how that goes after
@@ruthake you truly are brilliant, your update worked perfectly. Thanks!
@@ruthake when got to the end and put in gox the kali lunix window shows up i wait about 10mins and it just stayed dark there was no tool bar that came up as it showed from your example, so i tried following the steps from the link it showed me but all i notice was that it was asking for me to update the kali lunix software. after that i tried rerunning it again and now it saying i have to remove /tmp/.X20-lock
and start again. how do i do that since im very new to this?
@ruthake i can still lunch synaptic package manager by using it on penguin i was just a bit concern that everything just didnt play accordingly
would it be possible to use this same method for arch?
I don't believe the technique used for turning Debian into Kali will work for Arch. There are Debian Arch conversion scripts available, however these are not compatible with a container based system:
packages.debian.org/bullseye/arch-install-scripts
In the future I'll be covering containers. You can manually install a Linux Arch container:
images.linuxcontainers.org/
For a Linux Arch container to be functional, it will require bridge software to connect it to ChromeOS:
chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/containers/cros-container-guest-tools/
Chrome OS devices/Crostini Arch Wiki:
wiki.archlinux.org/title/Chrome_OS_devices/Crostini
this is amazing how to run system in terminal :D
Hey how can I install supplementary tools ?
I recommend using the Synaptic Package Manager:
gosyn Script: 6:48
Configure Synaptic: 9:08
Using Synaptic: 10:11
You may also be interested in my Kali Fixes video:
th-cam.com/video/t3eypNzbFlM/w-d-xo.html
Thanks ❤
helped alot
How much storage does it take
Less than 6GB.
I followed along with the tutorial but when I try to run kali by entering gox it wont run
Can you copy and paste your go script (4:30)?
@@ruthake Xephyr -br -fullscreen resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u dhdh2k DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
resizeable is missing a dash. It should look like:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u dhdh2k DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
The script needs to also be executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
@@ruthake It worked thank you 💛
I couldn't install the software
It sounds like the Linux side is not connecting to the internet. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
----------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake It worked, thanks for the help, I'm a little new in this area so I still don't know how to solve a problem like this very well. thank you again
how to uninstall?
Linux can be deleted in Chromebook Settings > About ChromeOS > Developers > Linux development environment > Remove
Mint next?
I don't believe the technique used for turning Debian into Kali will work for Mint. You may be interested in researching LMDE: www.linuxmint.com/download_lmde.php
In the future I'll be covering containers. You can manually install a Linux Mint container: us.lxd.images.canonical.com/
For a Linux Mint container to be functional, it will require bridge software to connect it to ChromeOS: chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/containers/cros-container-guest-tools/
@@ruthake Awesome. Love your coverage on Linux on chromebooks. Makes the chromebooks so much more useful.
how fix audio
I recommend prefixing the launch command of a program you are trying to run with the following:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000
For games, you will need to add /usr/games. For example, for Frozen Bubble:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/frozen-bubble
Some programs may require a special feature to be enabled. You will need to check the documentation for that program. For example, dash dash sound enables sound for Powermanga:
env XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 /usr/games/powermanga --sound
I'll be making another video that covers some Kali related issues.
Failed to dowload neofetch 10:35
Can you copy and paste the error here?
To make sure the internet is working on the Linux side, try opening a browser and go to the Kali website. You can also check the sources.list file.
From a terminal:
cat /etc/apt/sources.list
Everything should be commented out (lines should start with #), except for the last line which should be:
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
You may want to try closing Synaptic, and from a terminal:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt dist-upgrade -y
Then try starting Synaptic and reloading (Reload button at top left).
You can still use apt to install software:
sudo apt install neofetch -y
----------------------------------------
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Hi,
I am having trouble when I try to execute gox script. It gives error `No protocol specified. Xephyr cannot open host display. Is Display set?` Can you help me to fix this?
I would recommend shutting down Linux, shutting down the Chromebook, restart the Chromebook, put the Chromebook online, start up Linux again, and try executing the gox script.
If that doesn't work, it's likely an issue with the go script. For your convenience I've included the complete install instructions. If you continue to have an issue, please copy and paste your go script (4:30):
---------------------------------
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
I need password i dont know it i need it for root😢 so i can use reaver airckmng comand😢😢😢
To set the root password from a terminal:
sudo passwd root
@@ruthake tysm omg hr the best
cgroupsv1 " tainted " kernel...
Are you able to start the desktop? Are you using Kali XFCE?
Linux distros are not intended to be run from containers. It's normal to receive all types of miscellaneous errors and warnings.
If your system appears to be working and you wish to mute the error messages. You can mute a line as shown below with "&> /dev/null" . This is the current script we've been using for Kali:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
------------------------------
Some Desktops can peacefully coexist and even run at the same time, use a different DISPLAY id if you intend to run them at the same time.
The following desktops were tested with Debian 12:
XFCE Desktop:
Install: task-xfce-desktop
Create the file: /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :40 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:40 startxfce4 &
The following desktops were tested with Debian 11.
KDE Desktop:
Install: task-kde-desktop
Create the file: /usr/bin/gok
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :40 &
sleep 5
DISPLAY=:40 startplasma-x11 &
GNOME Desktop:
Install: task-gnome-desktop, mutter
In the script below, the ChromeOS display size is 1518x853. 33 has been subtracted from the height to compensate for the top bar. You may have to experiment with the height. The display size can be found in Chromebook Settings > Device > Displays > Display size.
Create the file: /usr/bin/gog
export MUTTER_DEBUG_DUMMY_MODE_SPECS=1518x820
sleep 5
gnome-shell --nested --wayland &> /dev/null &
IceWM Desktop:
Install: icewm
Create the file: /usr/bin/goice
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :40 &
sleep 5
DISPLAY=:40 icewm-session &
Menu → Settings → Themes → NanoBlue
TWM Desktop:
Install: twm, suckless-tools, nitrogen
Create the file: /usr/bin/got
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :40 &
sleep 5
DISPLAY=:40 twm &> /dev/null &
DISPLAY=:40 nitrogen --restore &> /dev/null &
Create the run command file TWMRC for TWM configuration: ~/.twmrc
ShowIconManager
IconifyByUnmapping
Button3 = : root : ! “dmenu_run -fn ‘Mono-20’ &> /dev/null &”
Mouse is invisible until first app opens. Right click the desktop to run Dmenu.
Run Nitrogen first to setup the wallpaper.
To shut down TWM, do killall Xephyr in Chromebook Terminal and then do a regular Linux shutdown
@@ruthake yes, I did the exact installation as presented here this vid...xfce desktop environment. Then I used synaptic to install tools but 1 installation gave broken packages --fix. Unsuccesfull as I cannot list them -8 - with the filter... Also firefox crashes...
Foynd my error, fixed it, thank you@@ruthake
Sorry for the late reply. Linux may not be connecting to the internet. To confirm the network is down on the Linux side, try pinging Google from a terminal:
ping www.google.com
Ctrl-C to stop the ping
If there is no internet on the Linux side, create a new resolv.conf file (it's resolve without an e on the end). After creating the file, reboot Linux. Linux may recreate the file after rebooting, that's normal. This should restore internet on the Linux side:
cd /etc
mv resolv.conf resolv.bak
nano resolv.conf
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano
Reboot Linux
-----------------------------
For Synaptic errors, Synaptic will generally provide the command to resolve the problem. The following command is the most common fix (it's sudo space dpkg space dash dash configure space dash a):
sudo dpkg --configure -a
If the above command works, I would recommend doing:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt dist-upgrade -y
-----------------------------
For Firefox, I recommend launching it from a terminal and copy and paste any messages here.
-----------------------------
For reference, I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
hello ruth :) , tengo un errror al ejecutar el script gox ( osea lanzar el escritorio)
A continuacion el error :
@penguin: -$ gox
/usr/bin/gox: line 1: xephyr : command no found
@penguin: -$
;( espero tu pronta respuesta //// excelente canal Ruth !!!!!
Linux is case sensitive, so Xephyr needs to be spelled with a capital X.
-----------------------------
From a terminal to confirm Xephyr is installed:
apt list xserver-xephyr
This should show:
xserver-xephyr/kali-rolling,now 2:21.1.12-1 amd64 [installed]
Verify the location of Xephyr:
which Xephyr
It should show:
/usr/bin/Xephyr
-----------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
how do I fix the desktop gui not showing up after running the script
It is likely an issue with the go script. Please copy and paste your go script (4:30) and any error messages if there are any. Here's the go script for quick reference with the example user id being ruth:
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u ruth DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
--------------------------------------
For your convenience I've included the complete instructions.
This procedure requires a fresh Linux install on a Chromebook, which installs a base Debian container which we transform into Kali.
1. Base Install: th-cam.com/video/4bKeaVw_eqc/w-d-xo.html
2. Install Kali: th-cam.com/video/CpGeCU4eG2o/w-d-xo.html&lc=Ugwo_ICwIfUItHYJiet4AaABAg
Here are the complete instructions:
Install nano from a terminal:
sudo apt install nano -y
Delete everything in the repository source file and add the following line:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
Download Kali software key:
sudo wget archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/kali-archive-keyring.asc
Update system:
sudo apt update -y
sudo apt full-upgrade -y
Install software:
sudo apt install kali-defaults -y
sudo apt install kali-desktop-xfce -y
sudo apt install synaptic -y
sudo apt install xserver-xephyr -y
Create gox script:
sudo nano /usr/bin/gox
Xephyr -br -fullscreen -resizeable :20 &
sleep 5
sudo -u DISPLAY=:20 startxfce4 &> /dev/null &
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gox script executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gox
Create gosyn script (may no longer be necessary, use only if needed):
sudo nano /usr/bin/gosyn
xhost + &&
sudo synaptic &&
xhost -
Ctrl-O, Enter, Ctrl-X to save the file and exit nano.
Make gosyn executable:
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/gosyn
Shut down Linux, shut down Chromebook, and then restart Chromebook and start up Linux. Then execute gox script:
gox
Change launch command for Synaptic Package Manager to:
gosyn
@@ruthake thank you I figured it out, for some reason I had to.restart manually and then I was a little impatient as well