Practical Insight in selecting stepper motors for your build - Republished
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 พ.ย. 2024
- The is a republish of an older video that was hard to hear. This is a big improvement. Same content.
-Sorry about the auto focus that happens through the video-
This video is an attempt to relay some practical information regarding the selection of stepper motors for your CNC build (or any other need for that matter).
As a post edit note, I will say that I have UNDER estimated the capability of a 400oz NEMA 23. I could have built my entire 4' machine with them and been fine. I would have saved some $ and had a smaller control cabinet. But hay, that experience is what I'm sharing so others have a better chance of getting their design right on.
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best video on youtube explaining nema motors, no rambling, no treating the viewer like an idiot, pure info. thank you.
Exactly what I need for my robotics application! Crazy how applicable this is across the board
"these are monstruous you really dont need anything this big" is EXACTLY why i need something this big :))
Thanks, I'll check out the rest of your channel and see what else you got that will be helpful for my build
it sometimes pays to watch all these videos as I just completed my CNC router and I went with the 34's all around. Now I am thinking about changing the Z axis to a 23 and this video answered my question on the ability of the smaller motorThanks for the info!
i dont get it,.. z axis is better to have a smaller stepper motor? for example if i have 1200 oz for x and y axis, i have to put a 600 oz? correct?
I appreciate your simplified explanation it was very good
Glad it was helpful! ~P
Probably the best video I’ve seen on here so far! Very good explanation of the motors. I was considering NEMA 42’s for a 4’x4’ working area but I think I’ll go with the 34’s, I see so much stuff online that it is really confusing, and with the cost of stuff I don’t want to make a costly mistake by buying the wrong parts, you think for your viewers you could post a list of parts that you bought with a list of manufacturers and specs and where you bought them? I know I would greatly appreciate it!
I made a plasma cutter with 2 nema23 570oz, even with one motor connected it moved the whole gantry, and made parts. Later on I found that the motor connector was disconnected from one side and the machine still work this was a 4x8'. So, if your gantry is not way too heavy, putting 2 nema 23 at 570oz is more than enough, what you need to think about is a nice power supply at 60v and a nice driver that can take those 60v to 75v. They do behave more powerful with higher voltage. By the way that plasma table was with 2 power supply, one at 24v and one at 36v. It was for sale and was all chinese junk. I sold it for 1000 bucks. The new table was with nice drives, 60v solid transformer, etc...
Could you demonstrate the max speeds and torques of these visually?
Great, practical commentary! Thank you!
Can i use a NEMA 42 to rotate a screw feeder in food dispensing with an 18mm diameter screw shaft? My load is 25kgs.
I think there might be a direct correlation between the size of machine (600 x 600, 400 x 400, 200 x 200 etc) and the oz/inch figure, bearing in mind its application (cutting just wood or aluminium?) Would like to find approximations for this.
Hi I want to fit on my 12feet manual lathe taper turning slide which size of steeper motor if perfect for it. And which driver and speed controller will use for it.
Happy new year, 2018.
hi thankyou for this video please help me for my cnc router tebal size 4*5 and z 300 , i use nema 23 20 kg motor , machine is runnin but x and y center sefting g code on program runnig for wood cutting fed on x y position
Very helpful video, can you help me?
I am building a gantry robot (just demo model) whose weight lifting capacity will be approx 500-800 grams... Which motor should I use for X, Y and Z axis?
Really good video. I'm using
42 Stepper Motor, Voltage: 12V, Phase Current 1.3A, Torque 0.25N.m. on my 3018 cnc and want to upgrade the y axis to a more powerful one as I'm making the machine much bigger. What would be a good stepper motor to buy to replace the one above. The new one would need more torque due to the extra bed weight. Cheers.
nominal minimum cnc need use 450 OZ or more torque motors minimum have 3Nm motors. NOT 0,3 Nm.
gr8 info for cnc router build
Thanks for the video and information,
Does Nema 17 motor has an encoder with it? if not is there any other stepper motor with an encoder of this size?
Stepper motors don't have a feedback loop such as an encoder. I habe seen them added to double ended stepper making them into servos. I believe they are available in a 17 size. Check out Clearpath servos.
@@sbirdranch Thanks, I am working on a project that needs to read back the position of the motor.
@@PayamJianTV Choose servo motor, if not available Nema 17, use smallest Nema 23. For those motors you need HS type drivers.
Thanks for this video, it deserved more than 1 thumbs up, so I gave both this video and the older version of this video thumbs up ;)
Thanks for explaining practical aspects of stepper motors. You choose NEMA 34 for X and Y axes and NEMA 23 for Z-axis. But most of the CNC routers use same NEMA type motor to driver all axes. Can you please tell us a little bit about how they manage the same stepper motor on all axes?
Great video! Did not have all that tech mumbo jumbo that sounds impressive but after awhile just comes across as blah blah blah.
Hi, can you suggest which stepper motor would be suitable for engine lathe? To be used for only Z & X axis feed and not for spindle.
Thanks a lot for your video - helped me a lot :-)
One Caveat: I know you "say" you didn't need the monster steppers for your Y, but I just finished building a 30 x 60 machine with ballscrews on the axis and my salvage Nema 23 with 425 in oz can't move the Y fast enough without stalling. I'm about to upgrade to Nema 24 or 34 so I can get my speed up to a decent rate. Right now I can't go any faster than about 25 ipm. Now my steppers could be tired, they are 10 years old and have thousands of hours but at slow speeds they have more than enough power but anything over 25 ipm, they skip like a 7 year old girl on the first day of summer.
Another thing: ditch your raised gantry. My last CNC was like this and it is a PAIN in the ARSE. You're always trying to reach around, through, over the gantry. I switched to a conventional gantry and it is HEAVEN compared to the other POS. You have full unfettered access to the entire bed, from any side.
Muskoka Mike I was surprised when he said he used 34s for his, but he has freak 2 of them doing the Y. A single-family would probably be perfect, but 2 seems insane.
The problem is though if you use one, then you have a racking issue or how to transfer the movement to the other side. My old POS machine used an internal shaft inside the actual gantry tube with the Y motor mounted transversely on the end of the gantry. (which made it hang out in the middle of nowhere to catch on everything and anything).
Please tell us about power supply and driver as need for nema 34
Thank you for this
always slash max thermal limit in 2 for durability.
Hello, I am building a plasma cutter and I am new to this CNC stuff and I am a little confused as to what would be the best size motors to us on the x-y-z axis. I like your video,just trying to wrap my brain around as should I use the 34 or go with the 23 or both?
biggest 23 motor have popular used middle size plasma machine. 34 have too big not need because not need lot torque move all axis.
First I bought nema 17's.. Too puny. Bought nema 23's.. Still too weak for my Z axis.. Now looking at nema 34's. One day I will get it. Hope to build conversion parts for a mini milling machine cnc.
Keep in mind that the same frame size (17, 23, 34) come in different torque ratings. Simple visual clue is the longer the motor the more torque. ~P
Please show installing these
I’m wanting to build a single axis indexer for cutting gears on my mill. It will be operated in a manual “jog to next cutting location” as needed. What type of a stepper controller would you recommend for a NEMA 17 or 23 motor? I don’t want to use Arduino and plan on using an ST-PMC1 programmable controller. Thx in advance. Nice overview!
arduino can use many motors, but arduino steppermotors shields not handle more than max 2 ampere motors need use external steppermotor drivers, etc, DM542 or 556 i use my woodworking cnc DM 556 max 5 ampere motors can use. DM 542 max 4 ampere motors. stepper motor driver have important select same what motors max current have. or burn driver and motors. not can use 5 ampere driver if motor max have 3 ampere burn motors.
Thanks so much for the information. I am interested in building a 5 by 10 plasma cutting table can you direct me as to which motors can I use for the x ,y ,and z axis.
opps what's the difference between the 1600 oz .in and the 878 oz. motors I am factoring that also into my build.
I would suggest that you can use NEMA 23's. Here's the thing, it doesn't matter if your table is 5'x2' or 5'x20'. You are moving the same thing around, just further. In addition, plasma tables have no cutting induced drag. If the motors can overcome the weight of the gantry or axis, and any friction in the rails, you are good. I would believe that you can build slides aligned well enough that 23's with a large-ish torque rating should do it. The Y axis the the heaviest, but assuming a duel motor design, it has two motors to move it.
Two other factors to consider in picking the motor size. More torque also means you can change direction faster. That could be important.
The other factor is the complexity that a larger motor adds. I am in the process of building a plasma table (4'x4'), using 34's (so I can re-use my control podium and power supplies). The factor I am having to deal with is the size of the motor shaft. You can't get small pulley's/pinion gears with such large motor shafts. I am considering options such as machining down the motor shaft.
Wow, that was long winded. ~P.
thank you so very much for your advice I understand what you are saying .all the best in your future. I will be in touch
I look forward to hearing about your progress. ~P
lot has build whit nema 23 450 OZ about 3Nm torque motors but biggest better about 800 OZ, plasma not need lot torque woodworker cnc mill need more and woodworker cnc minimum have 3Nm motors.
Very interesting. Thank you!
Should I get bipolar or unipolar motor?
Bi-polar is very often the stronger of them less cabels to but the most importanet is the torque, and type amount of speed, and how hevy it ¨s going to move, and witch metod you move i with toy have lead skrews 2-8 mm of pitch, ballskrews with about 3-4 mm but will go witout friktion almost, trapetz skrev 2-12-- of pitch with brass nuts, more friktion, and of course the amount of weight of the total axiz include the friktion of the linear , and the power thats must push the spindel with thw right feeed and speed through the material, for plazma table u dont have the same push power that you need in mill or router for wood, same with laser cutters, water cutters, then toy have racks and pinion drives and belt drive, and you can make a type of simple gear box, if you dont by it with a planetgearbox from the start with 2 diffrent size pulleys and a GT timing belt between, if you for example use direct belt drive use poleutane with steel core GT5 with the right with often dont need wider then 15 mm or so, the amount of tracel speed with 3mm pitch is extreamly fast, if the pulley and minimal size its still flying, and of course this eats torque same with rack and pinion drive, If you drive with pinion mod 1 and shoes a small spur gear wheel u can direkt drive a big desktop cnc if the friction of the components gantry are as low as as they always should be and the axis is as heavy as it must bee but not over thinked and weiights to mutch, with 18 teeth direkt on the Nema 23 motor of course you can drive it on the 1 rack with right halvfstepping settings and one motor on each side of Z axis lane but the are very often moubted on the Y axis and the rail in the x axis linear i spell like shit it¨s morning and am from sweden maybe thats explane´s some of it...
Very useful tnx
Thank you that was very interesting is there a chance of getting some information on the CNC table you built I'm in the process of building my own I could use all the help I can thank you Kevin
Check out my channel by clicking my icon. I have several videos on the router. One is an overview and another is a 'lessons learned'. Good luck on your build.
Don't forget its not all about torque, you have acceleration and deceleration too - the larger the motor the lower the acceleration due to the mass involved. Instead of 34's i would be looking at AC servo motors - far stronger, less power supply demand, faster, better torque curve, same frame sizes available plus they have encoders built in
problem have price, AC servo cost 10-100X more than normal stepper motors plus need 20X expensive motor driver board too. hobby user not totally have budget build AC servo cnc or waste lot money stupid.
What usb board should I use to run nema 34 & 23
USB used only controller and controller use stepper motor driver and driver use motor, driver need be same size than motor maximum current, etc motor need 4 ampere maximum, need buy driver what can setting more than 4 ampere not burn driver but need important setting driver little less than motor max current have or burn motor. 4A motor setting 3,9A driver current max, controller send only step and dir signal to drivers, computer send usb or paraller port signal to controller and controller send signal to driver and driver run motors.
Lets say I have a 3d printer with a very small stepper and I want to put a bigger stepper motor in it. Assuming I mount the larger motor/driver/power supply, can I use the same control signal wires? If the original motor spun 3 times will the larger motor still spin 3 times?
Assuming as you say you have the appropriate driver, the signal wire can remain the same. The revolutions will depend on how many steps per rev your old motor and driver were using, vs your new ones. For instance, my drivers can be set to do several different resolutions by doing fractional steps. ~P
@@sbirdranch thank you, I will look into tune able drivers so I can match steps
NOT, need arduino or stm32 board take out step and direct signal to biggest stepper motor drivers. drivers need step and direct signal. etc, DM556 driver. step direct and enable signal need.
Hi Mate,
I am going to carry a steel pallet (overall weight of 700 kg) over rollers with 2 stepper motors on each sides, do you reckon "Nema 42 CNC Stepper Motor Bipolar 30Nm" is enough for this application?
Wow. That is a lot of weight. Assuming direct drive, I'd go big. I don't have any practical experience with neither that size stepper, not that much weight. Acceleration from zero is the hurdle of course. Think about what might happen if one motor misses a step? Would gear/chain drive from a single motor to an axle shaft be better to prevent issues with the pallet becoming twisted on the rollers? Or maybe the motors are driving the rollers? Sorry. I can't help much further, if I have helped at all. ~P
700 Kg mean 7000 NM if hoist this weight, need calculate/measure how much weight need use can move 700Kg horicontal whit rails. how better rails have then less need torque move weight at rail.
Use the big one for a lamb rotisserie pit.
I'm planning to use two stepper motors to drive and control a wheelchair. The user weighs 90kg. What do you reckon which model of NEMA stepper motor I should use? Also, is the shaft durable for that kind of load?
Yust buye on E-bay wheel chair motors, more cheepest then steppers.
better use wheelchair DC permanent magnet big motors, same than have real wheelchairs or golfcar, normal used big DC motors whit geart.
grate job sir
There is different sizes of all nema models . For example there is longer nema 34 and shorter nema 34
long or short mean torque. long have biggest torque than short.
nice sir
Please help me. I need a stepper motor to change the direction/aim of my 0.5hp water pump. It's for my thesis 😭
Can you give me a little more info and I'll take a stab at it.
Which is the the best the stepper motor or a servo motor?
servo motor. he knows where he is at every moment.
@@Toto-ko5on yes, but stepper motor cost 50$/piece and servo motors 500-2000$ piece.
Can I move in to your shop/barn? I am super jealous!!! Love that place....
Sure...bring munchies
I've changed my mind. You left me here, across the parking lot....alone in my electronic musings. Your going to have to make it up to me first. ;)
I have had sleepless nights knowing that you are alone, wallowing in your electronic musings...
Thank you for your time and very helpful video, please let me ask what is that thing looks like a barrel ? Is it an induction machine?
Barrel? On the motor shaft? That is an aluminum zero backlash flexible coupling.
With the pipe out of the top?
I guess its a barrel stove xD
Preston! It has been too long! UPDATE on your plasma build!
full power on anything does not bode well . 2/3 is good fishing eg a 15 amp 120V router will not do contiinuous duty.
I think the nema 34 is Overkill
if have money not owerkill, but normal used maximum big torque nema 23 because have cheap. budget have all hobby user important.
0:49 thats the difference between engineers and normal people. engineers know how to calculate
Will...I'm just normal it seems.
ewery normal men can calculate, only need search formula and understand what need calculate all can do. not need professor or engineer.
normal popular size DIY cnc woodworker used nema 23 112 long motors, because need be rich can buy nema 34 motors have super expensive buy, or if need better motors need buy nema 34 closed loop motors and price go 10X expensive than this normal open loop motors have. my cnc have same than you have SBR rails ballscrews but i use nema 23 2 Nm motors and have problem need biggest motor because lose steps if run feed and jogging speed too high. need more torque not lose steps. and then can run motor more speed not lose steps. minimum nomal woorworkers cnc need use 450 OZ nema 23-112 long motor. have normal minimum what can use. laser and 3D printer not need big motors because no need lot torque move. problem have need use nema 34 1200 OZ motors but have super expensive, normal hobby user not have budget buy thats. or perfect have nema 34 closed loop motors, thats include encoder can know realtime position ewerytime. but cost 10X more than normal steppermotors.
Such a long video for 2 minutes of actual research. What a waste of time.