Dynamic Analysis

Dynamic Loading: Structures must be designed to withstand loads that vary with time. This includes:
Transient Loads: Sudden impacts or shocks (e.g., a vehicle hitting a bridge).
Periodic Loads: Repeating forces (e.g., wind pressure).
Random Loads: Unpredictable forces (e.g., earthquakes).
Dynamic Response: How a structure reacts to dynamic loads is assessed through:
Natural Frequencies: Each structure has specific frequencies at which it tends to vibrate.
Damping: The ability of a structure to dissipate energy. Damping reduces vibrations and can be critical in mitigating damage during events like earthquakes.
Analysis Methods:
Modal Analysis: Identifying natural frequencies and mode shapes.
Time History Analysis: Evaluating a structure’s response over time to a specific load history.
Response Spectrum Analysis: Using predefined spectra to estimate a structure’s response to seismic events.