A beginners guide to relays, contactors, and solenoids to automate anything; (
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 18 มิ.ย. 2024
- Introduction to relays, contactors, solenoids and reed switches.
Visit www.kiwico.com/JeremyFielding for 20% off any purchase.
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Chapters.
0:00 Intro
0:25 The problem with regular switches
3:23 Electromagnets
6:25 How Relays and Contactors work
12:35 How Solenoids work
18:27 Permanent magnets
19:54 Reed Switches
If you want to chip in a few bucks to support these projects and teaching videos, please visit my Patreon page or Buy Me a Coffee.
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Notes:
Dust Collector Video
• Making An Automatic Du...
Some of the items used in this video.
Affiliate link. if you purchase this from amazon I will get a small commission from it.
Magnet wire
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24v DC Relays
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Solid state 24 volt relays din rail mount qty 8. This is what I used in the end.
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24 volt Solenoid valves
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Blast Gate
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Tubing -Air Lines
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Technical corrections
Nothing yet - แนวปฏิบัติและการใช้ชีวิต
![How To Test and Diagnose Relays and Wiring [4 & 5 Pin]](/img/n.gif)
Thank you so much for watching. These kinds of videos are my favorite! I am so happy to be working with Kiwi Co on this. It would be a big help if you supported the channel by visiting their website, and trying a crate or two! Your family will love it, and it is 20% off www.kiwico.com/JeremyFielding
I recently made an EV conversion of an old ATV for my kids. In the process of testing different locations for the throttle pedal I've used a neodymium magnet to temporarily fix it to the frame. Not knowing the throttle wasn't a potentiometer but an hall effect sensor, I've messed with the magnetic field of the magnet on the pedal enclosure. I'm wondering if this is fixable ! In any case this would make for another type of electrical switch video.
awesome videos !!! i have used some of the stuff for my own projects relays and solenoids for an easier time, but i do plan on making that hydraulic wood vise thanks for the idea
Bril keep going all the best from UK
If we didn't already, we definitely would! My kids LOVE Kiwi Crates.
At checkout a 50% off coupon code was applied and reduced the first month subscription. Since I am purchasing 4 three-month subscriptions, I removed that coupon code and used JeremyFielding. That gave 20% off the entire purchase which resulted in a bigger discount than 50% off the first month subscription.
I'm an electrical engineer and I know this stuff ... but I watch cause I love the way you explain it ... you are a very good teacher!
I'm not an electrical engineer, but I am a very green hobby circuit-builder and I've learned more in 2 months watching Jeremy's videos than I ever did reading forums and stuff online.
I to have an electrical background, I agree, he covers a lot in a short time, doesnt try to show off how smart he is and doesnt make you
feel like your an idiot or an 8 yr old.
Brah...you have a gift..
You make it understandable vs. Lol, schematics and drawings.. I hopeyoure having the time of your life. Ciao and thanks
🏃 💥⚡
"if you want somebody to be interested in something, you have to inspire curiosity" amen to that sir! Great video Jeremy, thanks for sharing.
Multiple commercials! The current one 5 fuking minutes long! You should go to a different platform! Consider Brighteon....
@@tittiger ummmmm adblock
Or purchase subscription to TH-cam. I do not see any commercials.
@@davidbaker5579 same here. didn't see any ads. mentioning a "brand" doesn't mean just advertising...BTW i want to thank NIKE for my shoes...! what the...!
if they heard something that made them uneasy....DON'T watch! those pervs!
@@tittiger yeah honestly youtube premium is worth it just for no ads on youtube.
But youtube music is in my opinion much better than spotify or the others.
Its a twofer if you ask me
The older I get, the more I think, "Damn, to think think I'm getting this for free while I'm aware of the price that people paid for this knowledge." Thank you Jeremy for sharing more valuable info with us while demonstrating to us your wonderful family. The combination uplifts my spirits.
regarding "is it a short?":
when you first apply a voltage to the coil, its inductance impedes the flow of current. As time goes on, that affect reduces until only the resistance of the coil is relevant. If the coil is long enough, and the wires thin enough, that resistance can be high enough to safely connect across your voltage source. If the coil is too short or has wires that are too thick, that resistance can be low enough that it will try to pull too much current from the voltage source. If your coil is short enough or has thick enough wires, you can reasonably argue that the result is a short circuit.
This is why solenoid controllers exist. The controller may need to reduce the voltage given to the coil after it is initially switched to prevent excessive current draw.
Why not just put a small resistor in line with the coil?
@@GreasyReecey the correct way to use a coil depends on what you're using it for. For some applications, a series resistor can be an adequate solution to overcurrent. For others, not so much.
The resistor would likely need to be a somewhat large-value resistor, at least by the standards of the voltages involved in the circuit. Unless the coil is so long that it has substantial internal resistance, your resistor would need to be a large enough value that putting it alone across the voltage source wouldn't be a problem.
Putting a plain resistor in series with the coil will slow down the coil's response time, and resistors limit current by turning energy into heat -- which is often undesirable both on the "consumes more power" and the "produces heat" side of things.
Note that electromagnets function based on the current passing through them, so if you are going to be giving the coil a high power, you will need a power source which can handle a large current, so you would be able to use a small-value resistor in such a case. However, if the coil requires a high current, that heat production will be high enough that you need a physically large resistor and possibly a heat sink to avoid it melting. At that point, a controller is definitely a better option.
Your wife's reaction to being filmed was heartwarming! You're the best Jeremy.
That laughing! Lol, she’s lucky or smart picking a good dad, difficult with bringing junk home, bet!
I came for the knowledge but left with relationship goals... on top of knowledge. You seem to have a wonderful family! Oh, man I get to touch the thing that say "don't touch"?! #disbelievinggrin That cracked me up!
Thank you sir. This has to be one of my favorite all time comments. I couldn't have asked for a better result.
Multiple commercials! The current one 5 fuking minutes long! You should go to a different platform! Consider Brighteon....
ha ha ha don't touch !
You should have your own show on Discovery Channel
Your wife's reaction to being filmed was heartwarming! You're the best Jeremy.
If all families had parents that engage, inspire and interact with their children like you and your lovely wife, the world would have no problems.
Great video - great family - great teacher: thank you, sir!
Probably the most in-depth, single sitting, instruction I’ve ever received for relays. This may as well have been a 1-2 hour class anywhere else.
And easy to watch, instead of dry and boring :)
Thanks for relaying all this information! [Groan] 🙄
Dad joke of the week award!
badoom tish
This pun killed part of my soul. Bravo.
LMAOOO!
I just overload my plug at home. Still he needs change that switch behind him.
Jeremy, you're a treasure. Like Destin Sandlin, Mark Rober and others, you create content that both informs and entertains like few others are able. Thanks for sharing your family in this video. You're definitely a very fortunate man, husband and father.
In addition to contactors and relays (including solid state), a good follow-on to this video might feature MOSFETs and transistors.
In addition to activating and switching currents, viewers should consider cycle life and parasitic draw of all these switches; especially in battery systems (which make up much of my applications).
He is friends with Destin.
Adam FPV not anymore they got in a fight
That is the absolute best. "So what did you want to film?" 'I just did.' Thank you for sharing this light and touching moment. Very cool and funny. Great Job!
This channel restores my faith back in humanity.
Humanity is filled with wonderful souls. The problem is the news, it has a negative bias and therefore fills your mind with negativity. I haven’t watched the news or clicked on links in 4.3 years. Unfortunately, I have a lot of clients who watch the news and they tell me, “haven’t you heard,...” Honestly I try to tell everyone who will listen, how much happier you’ll be without TV and news.
Loved this video. "SO" well explained! THANK YOU for the effort and time you put into this wonderful content brother!
Thank you sir!
I agree I’ve watched and rewatched a few videos on this subject and this is by far the best explanation a
Beautiful wife and family! You're definitely blessed my friend.
Amen !
MAN! I do not subscribe to anyone on youtube. I don't feel like 99% of the channels are going to have enough quality content to be worth my time. You sir have an excellent way of conveying information that is attention grabbing and super informative. Thank you and keep it up. I look forward to seeing your videos as they are released as a subscriber.
OMG! At 41yrs old, I finally have a way to remember Normally Closed Vs Open. Your room and door analogy is genius!!!
I'm getting to the point in my electrical career where the concepts are intertwining and I can better describe how an electrical system works. You've helped do that for me. Thank you.
2:20 Jeremy Fielding: "imagine having a switch like *this* on your dashboard"
Colin Furze: Who needs imagination when you have reality?
great video i hope ur kid know how lucky they are to have you teaching them this stuff i love how happy ur wife got with clamp beautiful family
Don't think you all know everything. I've been working on electronics, robotics, home electrical, HVAC, and I've had my ASE certifications as an automotive technician for 36 years. Jeremy has taught me things that I didn't even know until I started watching his channel. This guy is fantastic. Don't ever think you know everything, because if you keep an open mind, and stop thinking you're the best thing since sliced bread, you'll realize that there's plenty more things to learn out there.😎👍💯
Dude, you have got to be by far one of my favorite channels to watch on TH-cam . You know ur stuff so well and I can tell you love learning and teaching, you are an amazing teacher because it’s obvious that to truly love ur craft and love to share it with others, i too love this craft or what I call an “Art form” because of the limitless amount of creativity possible. I learn and do more and more every day with the help of your channel. You are immensely talented and inspirational. I love that you are continuously learning new things all the time yourself and never treat your audience like they’re stupid for not understanding something right off the bat, instead you take your time and make sure to break it down explain things in great detail with visual representation throughout the entire educational process. You are undoubtedly bettering yourself and the world, and not to mention your incredibly humble and passionate and patient, not to mention just seem to be genuinely a good person who is real AF. You explain everything so well and I find you beyond inspiring. Thank you for all the time and hard work your put into your videos and craft. I / we/ the world… is so lucky to live in a time where content like your channel is available 24-7 all day every day for FREE! If that an’t some amazingly dope shit I don’t know what is. Anyways man, keep it up dogg your a true G. I’ll stay watching, stay inspired, and stay learning from you as long as you do!
Thanks again
- SHMIKEDOGG
You're such an amazing educator. This was a better explanation than I've had in high school and junior college electronics classes I paid for.
Keep going, you've got a talent.
I got beaten for asking questions in school I paid for it too
This guy is a great father, I can tell.
Thank you for your good energy!
Hi jeremy, ive been watching your videos for quite a long time and just realized ive never left any comments so i would like you to know that i thoroughly enjoy your teachings and how your family seems to enjoy all the things you do just makes my heart smile lol. Thank you for all that you do
I love your down to Earth and simple explanations. Even your sponsor was perfect for the environment your inspire with your family.
Thank you.
love how you have your whole family involved in your projects! im in hvac school and your videos help alot- thank you!!!
I don't know what to say! You are really a natural teacher. How did I le'arn more from your video! Well here I go binging again!!
I just fell in love with this engineer! You can see the excitement in his eyes as he explains this stuff and every concept is explained and integrated sequentially. I could have watched this video with no prior knowledge and come out being able to teach this stuff. Really really impressive Sir Fielding! :D Thank you!!
My only prior knowledge was about the electromagnets lol
What a great and straight forward teacher! much love from an electrical apprentice/ tinkerer
Wonderful channel! Amazing guy who explains the proper way for just about anyone to understand in lemmings terms! Almost forgot.... Great DAD he is. Sincerely Marek and family
This guy is a great teacher, and more importantly shows us that he is a good husband and father. Keep inspiring young minds man. Thanks for donating your time to teaching others all while being a great example.👍
King, this video is soooooo good and necessary! I Learned alot in a short time, I am in industrial maintenance and want to get more into electrical and motor controls..You and you're family are inspiring. Thank you.
This video reminded me that one of the first "toys" i remember was a 4 pole single trow relay. My dad brought it home from work and i spent hours and hours playing with it, taking it apart and putting it back together. (Mostly unscrewing the screws and screwing them back in😅. The screws couldn't fall out, so it was child friendly)
Only 2 minutes in and I know I am hooked on your teaching style Jeremy
I already know this stuf but your explantation are so simple an organised!! Every school should have a teacher like you!
My teacher played this video for class and I'm so glad. Your video has been the easiest for me to understand and helped me get some motivation again. Thank you! 😊 PS your wife is so precious and beautiful! Her chairs came out awesome 👌
EE student here! currently a sophomore, thanks for inspiring me to continue learning more and more.
Thanks so much for making such great content. I love how clearly you present concepts and the passionate nature in which you do so. I also appreciate the family friendly vibes. Just great!
Man that shop dust collection system that uses the tools' power to activate the corresponding solenoid is ingenious. You are the man!
Boy has that lad got a super future with a dad like you
Very well structured and presented! You are a natural instructor, teacher, mentor! A group of kids at the place you worship would love to have you teach them to build a crystal radio and then a one transistor radio and.... I was one of those kids and a mentor like you (Claude Meskal)was a huge positive influence in my life and career. All the best to you and the family my good neighbor!
I love hearing people explain how things work . Especially folks like this who actually know what they are talking about. Thank you. You doing a good thing.
You’re a good Dad and family man which is so important. Also you’re knowledge of electronics is awesome. Thank you for this tutorial.
You are a good teacher, today is my first time seeing you chanel. Very interesting. I feel like flying. Thank you very much for this wonderful show.
You are the best, the only channel I watch asap. This could be three different videos but in particular, if you could pull out your Amazing Randi meets engineer segment, we could get it up voted and do some good. Thanks either way, you are a great teacher.
You should make some merch!! The Fielding logo would look sick on stickers, shirts and etc!!!
Jeremy, you are an asset to all of us. I just can not thank you enough for what you are doing. I will do my best to support your efforts. Please keep it up.
it's awesome to see a dad bring the whole family together on projects. Very inspiring...well done sir!
"I can't describe a short circuit, but i know it when I see it." Great video, relays are an awesome electrical component, very important, they're everywhere.
Love seeing your family in this video. Keep doing an amazing job. You are such a great teacher! I starting watching you for some information for some school projects, but I am now a new subscriber just to see your passion and curiosity.
Clear, fun and demonstrative . I love how you do not simply explain but actually demonstrate not just through animation but by actually doing and showing the experiments.
I sure hope that you're a teacher, because I always learn things when I watch your videos! Keep up the great work!
+1 Totally agree, he should at least apply to be a part time trainer in some electrical company, he has a strong and assertive presence and explains stuff that even a kid can understand.
he's an online teacher at minimum.. He taught you right?
(You just secretly filmed me?!) I love you.
That exchange was precious.
Thank you for clearing up relays, that was awesome... And I totally understand now how to incorporate one into my solar charged battery and inverter powered boat air conditioning system.
Cheers!
Thank you my brother. Your dynamic insight on contactors and relays has educated me and assisted me trouble shooting at work.
You have no idea how happy seeing you and your family teach me things so deftly. Thanks brother.
IM WATCHING THIS 2 YEARS AFTER YOU MADE IT BUT YOUR WIFE'S REACTION WAS GREAT WHAT A GOOD SPORT YOU NEVER CEASE TO AMAZE ME AND TEACH THANK YOU .......
a sign of humility ...... "in here is where all the action happens" 17:10 all the action happens in the heart and soul of one Jeremy fielding .... if you want proof that what i am saying is true ...... a family that creates together ...... 22:37
Wow, you've got power man! What a thoughtfully delivered message and on top of that an ad that is enticing and doesn't grind your ears red 👏🏼
Just discovered your channel and enjoying every bit of it.
You are so good at explaining things. Lightbulbs were going off constantly in my head. Thank you so much!
I am so glad that I found your site. So many things that I’ve worked on all my 70 years and only had a partial understanding of their workings. You are such a great teacher and have such a wonderful way of explaining how things work , that I can use these to help my grandkids understand what I learned so late in life. You remind me of my pop, except for your far more even temper. That’s a great gift to pass on. Keep up the good work and I’ll keep passing your videos to my curious friends.
You and your wife look so happy together, consider yourself a lucky man!
You are the dad I want to be, thanks for inspiring me!
Great video Jeremy. Brushing my old degree off after spending time in unrelated field. Engineering is my passion. Thank you so much.
I love your videos, thanks for including the family interactions in this one, great to see you all so happy-stay blessed!
The problem with trying to learn about technology is the presentation. This video was clear, simple, and had great examples. Now I've got to watch them all...
It’s tough for me though too cus I’m unintelligent
@@AnxiousCowboy 😂
Mrs. Fielding - "why you gotta mess with me?"
Jeremy - "because it's so fun!!" LOL awesome answer!!😜😝😂
Thats awesome everyone showing interest and acknowledge your hard work and creativity ...key to why this man sleeps beautifully at night...your welcome
Jeremy, I would like to thank you for your excellent teaching! I had a small motor in my shop that had been on the throw away pile for several months but I couldn't bring myself to toss it. Watched your show on capacitors and it is now back to perfect!
LET ME TELL YOU SOMETHING, SIR. I watch a LOT of sponsored content on you tube but i dont watch a lot of the portion where the sponsors get their say in, i.e. the part where the influencer (thats you) says their advertising schpeel. BUT i did watch you talk about kiwico, and didnt even know it till it was done. I mean, sure..i heard you say that you were excited about your sponsor, but then i got caught up in what you were saying, how you said it and the fact your family unit was featured in it and i must say that you did a great job.
What? did you think you were about to read a rant? some negative troll based opinionated lecture? I used a technique that i have used for a long time to get and hold your attention... its a little trick that i havent seen anyone else do except my mentor and Art teacher from 7-12, and YOU. nice work on the dont touch button... My teacher would write in big letters on the board "DONT READ THIS" and then in between those words he would put the real message. and then really give us the business when we would have to use the info for our project or whatever that would make it clear that we DID read it. Good hearted teasing cn sometimes bolster a shy persons confidence but it takes a master, something i suspect you know as well.
Keep up the good work and when i can afford to feed myself AND pay rent again i will definitely patreon you.
thanks for being you! beautiful family!
5:28 Hmm, it looks like there's a lot of wire in that coil; seems more like a long circuit to me :P
the wire has resistance -- few ohms at least--, so not a short-circuit
A few ohms is still a short cicuit. If you have a transistor that's gone faulty between emitter and collector and had a reading of a few ohms it would no longer be an electronic switch an would fail as it would just be closed at all times, no longer needing the base current to close the switch as it has gone short circuit. 👍
@@SlyerFox666 Depends on what circuit you are talking about. The starter circuit on a car should have less than 1 ohm resistance (let's assume 60A at 12V, according to Ohm's law this would mean a resistance of 0.2 ohm).
In my opinion, it's an inductor therefore not a short-circuit. Another way of looking at it is if the path the current takes is shorter (less resistance) than the intended one, then it's a short circuit. Although that's still not quite right I dont think.
@@brandy1011 When you say starter circuit are you talking about an electronic circuit or just the actual wire ? Just in most DMM or even an old school avo meters good luck getting a reliable reading at .2 ohms without some pricey equipment. I used to have to measure the contact points between terminals for equipment used on the grid with equipment that could measure down in the mOhms and it was a beast. I'm thinking your talking about just the wires, if your figures are correct then it would make sense if your pulling a minimum of 60A CCA on an engine to start it up. The cross sectional area on that cable would be fairly thick reducing the resistance, as you want to deliver that full 60A to the motor you don't want much resistance so you want to get it as close to no resistance or short circuit as possible. So yea I'd say any thing from .1 - 1 or 2 ohms you can easily class as a short circuit. I think it's easy to forget everything has resistance, capacitance and inductance, there is no perfect resistor at the end of the day so you have to either think in ideals or reals.
wow. You have just demonstrated what we really should be teaching our kids in school...
And the way you teach is MAGNIFICENT. All I am seeing lately is teaching children how do judge others... I vote you to head up the nations school system.
Understanding relays better after viewing your vid , also great family interaction Thank you for your part in showing melanated folks like us as normal as any other segment of society.
5:25 short answer “no”... DC on a coil is a short circuit but the coil has some resistance so no, it isn’t short circuit
agreed. Technically is is a short or called shorting the coil but its also completing the circuit so no?
i.e the resistance of the coil isn't changing. No alternative path with less resistance is possible (currently) so no it isn't a short circuit, it is simply completing the circuit.
from what i understood, its not a short circuit because its doing something useful, its traveling along an intended path and is not accidental
why would DC be called a short circuit on a coil ??? so AC on a coil is not a short circuit ??? explain please...
A few ohms is still a short circuit. If you have a transistor that's gone faulty between emitter and collector and had a reading of a few ohms it would no longer be an electronic switch an would fail as it would just be closed at all times, no longer needing the base current to close the switch as it has gone short circuit. 👍
Not short circuit. It's a Load. Impedance of the wire is controlling the Current flow. Coil Resistance impedes the current flow. Limiting said current. Do I get a Gold Star ?
So if the current is high enough to melt the coil wire, would it then be considered a short circuit??
Thank you for contacting us through this video. It's great to relay information to others for the greater good of all. You help to actuate the minds of us all!
You all are so adorable! I'm here because I always learn so much. Watching you and your family is the best, though! Thanks, Jeremy AND family!
Is it a short circuit? Technically no, because the coil is acting as an inductor, so the battery's anode is hooked up to a reactive component and not just it's cathode.
I'd love to be this guy's neighbor and nerd out in that garage!
Imagine finding this guy in your garage
I want to give you thumbs up for your sponsorship. You tie it into what you actually do.... you're not a scruffy guy selling shaving gear... thanks for that.
You are awesome Jeremy! I am going to show this video with my kids. Thanks for creating such passionate and simple-to-understand and very engaging videos. Including family and their surprised faces makes it even more connect! Thanks.
"No, really. My dog ate my homework!"
Steven Korner 🤣🤣🤣🤣😂
IKR LOL
15:25 Sneak filming the wife😂💖
New to your chanel but really like your videos, clear, friendly, educational, no wasted time nor too fast, the list continues. Thank you for your amazing content!
"if you want someone to be interested in something, you have to inspire curiousity." You sir are excellent at inspiring interest. Thank you so much for making such interesting and easy to follow videos that teach the principals and application of the principals things are built from.
Jeremy does a good job of breaking down the mechanics of things so that anyone can understand. And he seems like a great guy. So much enthusiasm for what he does. He would be the best neighbor to have. I could hang with him in his shop all day long.
I feel smarter, and probably am, for having passively played this video. Great explanations with concise communication. No ambiguity.
She is priceless…you two are. Thanks for bringing her in on this video.
I find the information on relays to be just what I need today as I need a shut off switch for a VFD I added to a 2 horse 220 volt grinder. Jeremy to the rescue! I know I need a relay to control the larger switch. Thank you my friend.
You are a fantastic teacher!! Thank you for everything you do. I’m attending industrial maintenance course, and this helps me understand immensely.
Your presentations are incredible. You make everything understandable. That by itself can be extremely difficult but you make it look east.
Your kids do not have idea how lucky they are to have such a inspiring, kind, motivating, patient, and easy to learn from father to teach/educate them.
I'm in my early 40's and just love your videos. Thank you so much for your time and expertisee in explaining things so well.
This is what I want my life to look like, everyone being involved, taking part in innovation, technology and more. You bring the future to the whole family, you let them explore with you. Lovely!!!! Thank you for the information about relays and magnetism. I am a technician in the field of instrumentation and all these I see here is what we do....
What a beautiful family you have sir. I love the way you tap into your children's natural curiosity and fun loving nature.
I just wanted to say thank you! Your videos are awesome! You sir are a genius and I am excited to be able to learn from you. I'm an electrician apprentice and am always trying to learn more. You have made it easy and fun to understand many concepts and devices. Thank you again and I look forward to learning more. Be well.
This, sir, is INCREDIBLY well done! The sequence of information, as well as the detailed - (but not over the top) - "instruction of use" makes it easy for the layperson to understand. I truly appreciate your efforts!! Thank you.
How fun Jeremy! I have enjoyed electronics for years, but your simple explanations and energetic personality are so refreshing for helping new learners.
I looked at your video not to learn how a relay works, which I already knew) , but to see how you explained it in laymen's terms and found your demonstration complete. Thank you.
I was wondering why the comments were so crazy positive and uplifting, more so than the already happy comments in most engineering channels, then I finished the video.
What a great channel. I really like the intro to the Kiwi Co ad. "If you want somebody to be interested in something, you have to inspire curiosity".
I've been putting together some Legos and Arduino parts to build some robots with my cousins girls, and this will be a good quote to keep in mind.
Excellent! One of my first assignments as a fledgling EE was to find a replacement for a solenoid that had gone obsolete. I had the great good fortune to have a technician on the production line for the machine that used the solenoid that helped me understand exactly what the part did and we were able to make some physical and electrical measurements that gave me what I needed to find the replacement.
Jeremy, I am impressed that you are helping your family learn and understand these systems that you build. They will be better for it and their life will be richer. I love the look on their face when they use these tools. I have worked with my hands all my life and still do I have been a auto mechanic since I was 14 years old. I still do it today at 62 years old. I worked in a machine shop for over 36 years and finished my career as a Mechanical Engineer. I loved every minute of it. I restore classic cars in my garage and utilize my small machine shop I set up there. Keep up the good work and I will keep learning from you.