Timur Lenk: Epitome of the Turco-Mongol Synthesis Episode 1
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 ก.ย. 2022
- The great Mongol invasions in the 13th century left traces of devastation. Entire cities were depopulated, ethnic groups enslaved and deported, and Genghis Khan's family became the most powerful in the world in the short term. The term "Mongol" is still used as an insult on social media today. But recently, voices have been growing that no longer deny a certain admiration for these steppe warriors. In juxtaposition with the old, cosmopolitan world of settled peoples, from China to Germany, the Mongols seem to have been "fresh," brave warriors who hired their officers not according to origin or social position, but according to skill and intelligence. They were closer to nature than the inhabitants of Chang'an, and more culturally tolerant than the Crusaders in Jerusalem. Such a similar admiration was held by a certain Timur, even before the end of the Middle Ages.
More than a century after Genghis Khan's death, this Turko-Mongol set himself the goal of reviving the Mongol Empire. But he himself and his environment in Uzbekistan were nevertheless influenced by Turks, as was the rest of Central Asia. And so he combined ancient Turkic culture with elements of the Mongol systems of rule, proclaiming himself emir over Central Asia. Within a few decades, Timur expanded in all directions. He spread fear and terror, especially in the Islamic Middle East, because of his violent ways. But he was a Muslim himself, and valued education and the arts. Timur invited numerous painters and scholars to his court, and had beautiful splendors built that still decorate the cities of Central Asia today. His reign was the product of a Turkish-Mongol synthesis at its height. But on the way to world domination Timur had to remove many obstacles. The biggest obstacle was he himself.
In the first installment of the TIMUR series, we look at the geopolitical and social background of Timur's era, his youth, and his rise to become the local ruler of Transoxania. Along the way, we also analyze the Mongol Empire and its successor states, most notably the Chagatay Empire, as well as key figures in the post-Mongol history of Central Asia.
This video is the very first collaboration under the KHAN's CLUB banner.
Narrated by: Jay Lamrod
Timur Art by: Sinem Bulut
Interview with: Prof. habil. Martine Robbeets
Special thanks to Osirois Music for his rendition of "Anxious Heart" from the video game Final Fantasy 7. - บันเทิง
I love my Uzbek brothers, Salam sizge Türkiyennen!
Salom Uzbekistandan.
Valekum Salam 🇺🇿
@@islombekochiWhy did you kill the Turks and Mongols? What did they do to you?
Wa Alaikum Salam, May Allah give us a chance to see our nations unite again, amin
@@bekzodergashev769Babur: Damn you
As a Turo-Mongal myself we are proud of our people from Afghanistan to Europe to China!
afghans arent turko-mongol
Now you are paying through your ass.
@@Ghjkoplokkp but we know he spoke chagatai turkic and persian
@@Lemarocity
Then what are they? The most common name in Afghanistan is literally KHAN!
@@KatariaGujjarbecause khan later became common title for Indian subcontinent Muslims who had upper class origin
Even rajput Muslim are called khan
Afghans are iranic group not Mongolic
A villain in India….. but hero of Central Asia.. I visited gur e Amir in 2016.. in Samarkand. Beautiful city.. I am Indian so timur is no doubt controversial here.. but well that’s history .. now india and turkic nations have lot in common history
From India - I don't consider him a villain . He just did what every central asian in that period did .
@@plendafuture7451 yes an invader he was. He did his thing wanted his kingdom to grow rich. Nothing can be done now. So few indians visit Uzbekistan now. I went 7 years ago and he is called Amir temur. For them it's a revered figure . History is always grey
@@plendafuture7451From India, I consider him a villain. Looting centres of wealth and destroying cities and religious places is understandable, but killing people for no reason is disgusting. Either he was suffering from some mental problem or too much ego and disgust for other people. Even Genghis Khan destroyed entire China and Iran for foolishness of some rulers. That's not justified even from medivial standards.
@@travelwithsounakNothing against Uzbek People, but killing people for no reason or amusement doesn't make any ruler rich. His acts were cruel even from the medivial standards
As a Pakistani and a strict muslim i fully agree with you idk why my ppl always praise this bloodthirsty warlord who have nothing to do with islam infact destroyed 5-6 muslim empires of his time(ottomans,golden horde of russia,illhanate and different turkic states of persia,sultanate in india and bahri mamelukes of egypt massacring every life on his way
I have checked most of the ancient nomadic history related channels on TH-cam.
In my opinion, Khan’s den is the most neutral and scientifically well studied one. ❤❤❤
Thank you very much! I appreciate your support. :)
@@KhansDenhey, that picture @6:46 , can you tell me where it is from. I find the 3 circle markings on their clothing very interesting.
Informative, engaging and well produced 👌 St Magnus would be proud!
Another excellent production, I've learnt a lot from your videos.
Another excellent work, thank you!
About this period, I asked my father to tell me the history of our family from the time of Yafet Aghlan, which he did, nearly in the following manner: " It is written in the Turkish history, that we are descended from Yafet Aghlan, commonly called (Abu al Atrak) Father of the Turks, son of (the Patriarch,) Japhet, he was the first monarch of the Turks: when his fifth son Aljeh Khan ascended the throne, the all gracious God bestowed on him twin sons, one of which was called Tatar, the other Moghul
Timur. (2013). CHAPTER III. In C. Stewart (Trans.), The Mulfuzat Timury, or, Autobiographical Memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur: Written in the Jagtay Turky Language (Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 27-31). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139507325.015
Tīmūr’s identity as a Turk was not lim- ited only to his understanding of himself, his skills, and his heritage. All the people that he encountered, whether in the marketplace or at the royal palace, immediately recognized him as a Türk-bacha , a Turk-boy, presumably for his attire and perhaps for his looks. Possibly, he represented to them an arche- typal nomad. Whatever the reason, they still found it the most convenient and intuitive manner to address him, not knowing his name.
Sela, R. (2011). Youth. In The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia(Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, pp. 76-91). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977343.006
More Mongolian than Turkish. A Soviet anthropologist even reconstructed his facial features from his skull. He doesn't look Turkish at all. Turks look like Italians, only much uglier.
Great video thanks for posting
The narrator's pronunciation of Turkish words is outstanding.
I have just seen this video. This is a well documented nice video to learn Timur's life. Thank you for your studies.
Yes! Yes! AWESOME VIDEO!!!
Timur first makes a major appearance in the pages of history at the young age of twenty-four in 1360 AD. Tughlugh Timur Khan, the Khan of Mughalistan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate), invaded Transoxiana in 1360. The purpose of which was to re-unite the Chagatai Khanate once more. Some claim that Timur was also involved in the battles of Emir Qazaghan of the Qara'unas, but this is unlikely to be true. This is only mentioned by the Tuzukat-i Timuri and not confirmed by any other primary Timurid source. Timur tried to use this invasion to his advantage by making a bid for leadership of the Barlas tribe using his personal ties with some chieftains from Mughalistan. This first attempt at leadership of the Barlas tribe would ultimately fail, when the Barlas emirs abandoned him in favor of Haji Beg Barlas, the previous leader of the Barlas.
Haji Beg’s death during the second invasion by Tughlugh Temur Khan allowed Timur to claim the position of leadership among the Barlas tribe. He would form an alliance with Emir Husayn of the Qara'unas against the Mughal forces. The two would lead the resistance of the Chagatai emirs against the Mughal presence in Transoxiana. Tughlugh Temur Khan died and was succeeded by his son, Ilyas Khoja, in 1363. Ilyas Khoja led the Mughal forces in a disastrous siege of Samarkand in 1365, which would greatly weaken the Mughal forces. Timur and Emir Husayn soon forced the armies of Mughalistan to abandon Transoxiana. The two captured Samarkand only a year later. Emir Husayn was then chosen as the leader of the Ulus Chagatai. Timur continued his role as the leader of the Barlas.
The friendly relations between Timur and Emir Husayn did not last for long. This alliance between the two men began to break apart over the next few years. Sometime around this time Aljai Turkhan-Agha (Timur’s wife and Emir Husayn’s sister) died. The last connection holding this alliance together was broken. The two men soon became rivals. A relationship that ended with Timur victory over his former ally in the Siege of Balkh in 1370. Emir Husayn was captured and later killed.
Timur appointed Soyurghatmïsh Khan as his Chingizid puppet Khan on the throne. An old tradition of the Chagtai Emir to legitimize their own rule. He also married the Chingizid princess Saray Mulk Khanum, a Chingizid princess, which allowed him to take the title of Guregan (son-in-law of Genghis Khan) for himself. Timur rebuilt the fortifications around Samarkand and turned the city into his royal capital. Transoxiana was now under his control. Timur was now the Emir of the Ulus Chagatai. This was the beginning from the conquests of Timur.
After his takeover as Emir of the Ulus Chagatai, Timur began to face resistance from the old tribal aristocracy, who were opposed to anyone consolidating their hold over the loosely bound confederation at the expense of their own power. Timur would have to deal with this challenge for the first decade of his reign. Timur would consolidate his control over the Chagatai Ulus by appointing those emirs personally loyal to him in leadership role. Timur followed a general policy of excluding the tribal aristocracy from the elite of the Ulus Chagatai. The tribal chieftains were excluded from being granted high ranks and honors among the new Ulus Chagatai order. These new ranks of the Ulus Chagatai were based on personal and loyalty service to Timur himself. Timur weakened the power of the old tribal aristocracy within the Ulus Chagatai. He broke down the old order and re-established a new one. A new ruling elite was set up that comprised of the families and descendants of men who had gained status based on their personal service to Timur.
Tughlugh hehe Dogolon ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠩ a lame man
Perfect. Thanks for subs in portuguese.
Timur KHAN💪🏼💪🏻💪🏼💪🏻💪🏼💪🏻💪🏼
Not khan
Yes Emir
Not khan
Yes Emir
It was an interesting video but I'm glad it wasn't a lecture where I had to take notes because the information came very fast and unpredictably.
Ich freue mich so !
Tamerlane defeated a huge Ottoman army and captured the Sultan! His military abilities are unquestionable. But it's his political abilities in alliances that are also impressive. He was a force to reckoned with during his lifetime. Well done!
White sheep and Mamluks: 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
A- Tamerlane is considered one of the great conquerors in history and a rare type of occurrence, as he personally led all military campaigns, supervised military planning and participated in the fighting, so that he alone was able to open nearly five million square kilometers.
He faced powerful states to be reckoned with, and here is a list of the kingdoms he defeated:
1- The towering Mamluk Sultanate.
2- The Khanate of Moghulistan “Eastern Chagatai Khanate”.
3- The Ottoman Sultanate.
4- The Khanate of the Golden Horde.
5- The Delhi Sultanate.
Can you just imagine these huge victories on all of these fronts.
B- Tamerlane was born into a family of prestigious status in Chagatai khanate of the Turkomongol Barlas tribe.
His family was responsible for the military command in the Chagatai khanate.
And he mentioned in his memoirs the beginning of the establishment of the Mongol-Tatar empire and the agreement that took place between his grandfather and one of the khans.
C- Tamerlane lived in a period when the Tatar Mongol Empire had entered its first phase, and the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia suffered from sharp divisions and conflicts and was indignant about the situation and his relatives and criticized even Genghis Khan.
Tamerlane was able to remedy the situation and achieve unity.
Tamerlane rose to power by popular choice and after long efforts, perseverance and suffering, although the law stipulates that the ruler must be a descendant of Genghis Khan.
D- Tamerlane was a very humble person without megalomania, and he always reviewed and criticized himself as I read about him from his contemporary sources.
And he was of the opinion that justice should be judged, forgiveness and kindness with others.
He issued new laws, amnesty for his opponents, and launched a development project for the revival of Central Asia, the center of his rule.
E - Tamerlane was a lover of elders, scholars and the arts, loved to discuss history, held intellectual sessions and debates, ordered books to be written, took care of building schools and knew some languages.
In the era of Tamerlane, a new architectural form, which was widely used in Central Asia and Iran, appeared, called the term Timurid architecture.
G- Tamerlane founded a dynasty that lasted more than four centuries and left its eternal civilizational mark in central Asia and South Asia.
And there were among his descendants many scholars and writers.
And the Babur dynasty in South Asia still considered itself an extension of the Timurid Empire and retained the official title of Korkan.
Sultan Babur was the Timurid Sultan of Fergana, then he moved to Kabul and moved the center of his kingdom there after the victory of the Uzbeks over him, and he wanted to restore the country beyond the river.
Tamerlane is generally considered to be a historical figure about whom there is great controversy.
Note: The Hindustan Baburid Empire, which is its real name officially approved by its Sultans, is considered to be a different, independent state with its own status.
Sultan Babur is the last Timurid ruler, and after the final fall, he moved to South Asia and established a new empire that continued his dynasty.
😂😂😂😂😂He did not lose against the powerful white sheep who would destroy his empire and kill the Turks and Mongols in the region. The Mamluks defeated Timur and he withdrew, but he says that he withdrew from confronting the Mamluks because he wanted to fight the ruler of the Golden Horde.
@@user-cg2tw8pw7jwhere did you learn that kind of shitty information from your mother??😂😂😂😂
@@user-cg2tw8pw7j ты сначала учи история. Тамерлан победил Мамлюков и штурмом взял города Алеппо и Багдад, после этого Мамлюки согласился платить ежигодные большой налоги.
@@ILYAS-7No, he escaped, and the idiot says in his memoirs that he did this to fight the Golden Tribe
perfect
Very good news thanks
Is that Final Fantasy VII soundtrack in the background?😊
Well done here
There were some generic similarities between Genghis Khan and Timur. But the two men were far more different than many realize.
The main similarity between the two men was that they were both nomadic Turko-Mongol warlords from the steppes. Both rose to power and became among the greatest conquerors in history. The military campaigns of both men were known to be quite ruthless and brutal. Both men left behind a significant death toll as a result of their conquests. Though the figures that are commonly given seem to be gross exaggerations.
Timurs Barlas tribe is distantly related to Genghis Khan's Borijigin clan through a common ancestor named Bodonchar Munkhag
of the early Khamag Mongol confederation in the 10th century 200+ or so years before Genghis Khan was born.
I hope you will make a special section on the great Sultan Mahmud Al-Ghaznawi.
Sultan Mahmud Al-Ghaznawi is one of the greatest military leaders and the most successful conquerors of his time. He was victorious in all his military campaigns and turned the Ghaznavid state into a vast empire.
Also, Sultan Mahmoud Al-Ghaznawi was an educated person, a poet, and the author of books. He was interested in science, supporting scholars, building libraries, and others.
Ancient and contemporary historians consider Mahmoud Al-Ghaznawi to be the founder of the Islamic Hindustan era.
The Ghaznavid state lasted for a long period of about 200 years.
The founder of the Ghaznavid state, Sabuktigin, mentioned in his will to his children that he descended from the Turkic Barskhan tribe.
L totally agree your point of view 😊
I like your videos and can tell you put a huge amount of work into them but every time I look at the comments I get brain damage
😂😂😂😂 this guy has no idea what he's talking about!!!
First lesson of the internet, the comment section is not for the faint of heart. It is filled with idiots who think they know more than everyone else. And also bots, fucking bots everywhere
@@user-qd7fb1nc4sawww, you butthurt that he didnt buy your bullshit?
Is there an episode 2 somewhere?
Avfî’nin Cami' el-hikâyât eserinde ise Kırgız kabilesini anlatırken batısında Halluhların bulunduğunu belirtir. Türklerin bir topluluğu olan Halluhlar Barlas dağının sakinleridir.
Hocam Twitter kullanıyor musunuz takip edeyim
Can you do a Cid and Timur parallel?
Turkologists confirm that the Turkic peoples were able to unite three times in history.
The first time in the era of the Xiongnu Empire.
The second time was in the era of the Gokturk Empire.
The third time was in the era of the Chinggisid Empire.
Turkic history before Genghis Khan is not the same as Turkic history after Genghis Khan.
During the era of the Chinggisid Empire, major transformations occurred in Turkic history.
Therefore, I hope that you will make a special clip about the history of Genghis Khan and his achievements, as he was able to establish the largest empire in history, and the Genghis Empire also represents the pinnacle of steppe history.
I hope that you will ignore some of the opinions that raise unacceptable fallacies in the scientific method about pure origin and pure race, which ideological fanatics are trying to raise when dealing with this important stage in general Turkic history.
He also rejected the lie that some tried to spread, which is that features of the Mongoloid race appeared among the Turkic peoples due to the expansions of the Chingizid Empire, and this lie has no basis in truth.
There is agreement that the Turkic peoples, since the Xiongnu era, have mixed with different races and ethnicities.
Absolutely. that would be great . The channel has long video on Gokturk history and Turk interadction with chinese warring states.
There should be a continuation of it leading upto and then after the chingiz time.
Amir Temur turk sulolasi ga mansub oʻzbek edi Temuriylar imperiyasi 🇺🇿☝️ Òzbekiston Respublikasi ☝️🇺🇿🇺🇿🇺🇿🇺🇿🇺🇿 Olloh Akbar ☝️😊
Why did you kill the indigenous Turks in Central Asia and why did you kill the Timurids?
Emir Timuru moğol olduğunu söylüyorlar videoda ama
Wow that Mongolians so great.
Timurlane is the reason the scythian/sarmatians in the pontic caspian plains are nearly extinct and live in the mountains as ossetians/alans and in hungary as the jasz. Both renments less then a million people. Or more likely mixed into the turkic groups like the balkars n karachays(since those two tribes has iranian clan names like Aci(Asy/Iazyges),Alan,Bostun,asparukh and ossetian villege and town names rather than turkic town n villege names.
Temur means iron in Turkish, his Y DNA haplogroup belongs to J2.
İt's releated with ozbekh Y DNA chart.
He was a big soldier and he was başbuğ of all Turks
Timur (төмөр, pronounced tömör) also means iron in Mongolian
@@Tulga244You mean the Arabic language, according to Timur in his memoirs
@@user-cg2tw8pw7j
Iron in Arabic is _hadeed_
Timur Lenk the only one Commander, who never lost a battle in history.
Charlemagne never lost.
khalid ibn walid never lost
Alexander the Great never lost a battle. This is pretty well known… I’m surprised you don’t know this.
Charlemagne, Alexander, that polish commander (I forgot his name), and Yi sun shin, these are never lost in battle
@@grandemaestro3820 Khalid fought nobodies. Timur fought giants!
Gengis was meritocratic and saw himself as a holy scourge sent to clear the atrocity of overshoot, cities being a manifestation...
This video isn't even about him....
Әртүрлі тілде субтитрмен жазатыңыз жақсы болды, әр түрлі тілге жеке видео жасап дубляж қойғанша
Endlich !!!?
If we could ask Timur, he would certainly say that he was related to Genghis Khan. Timur tried to associate himself with Genghis Khan in any way possible. Timur actually claimed that him and Genghis Khan had a common ancestry.
The most important relation that Timur claimed between him and Genghis was their common ancestor, Tumanay Khan. According to him Genghis Khan was descended from Khabul Khan, a son of Tumanay Khan. This part is verified by the The Secret History of the Mongols. He claimed that he was descended from Qachuli Khan, another son of Tumanay Khan.
This is not the only way in which Timur claimed blood relation with Genghis. According to some historians, Timur also claimed to be a descendant of Chagatai Khan, the second son of Genghis Khan. Qarachar married the daughter of Chagatai Khan. Timur believed that he was descended from this marriage. He used this lineage to place himself at the same level as the Chagatai Khans and usurp their power.
The third connection that Timur and later his descendants would focus on and exaggerate is the kinship and loyalty between his family and that of Genghis. The fate of Timur’s ancestors was always associated with the the family of Genghis.
Let’s begin with exactly what Timur was. Timur is claimed by both the Turks and the Mongols to be one of them. They are both right in a sense. Timur was technically a Mongol, belonging to the Barlas clan. But by the time Timur was born, the Barlas clan had become Turkified. If we were to ask Timur, he would probably consider himself a Turk rather than a Mongol. Think of it as an ethnic Frenchman who is culturally German and his family has lived in Germany for over a hundred years. For this reason I prefer calling Timur a Turko-Mongol, as he was both.
Even ignoring Timur’s claims of relation, the Barlas clan was connected with the Borjigin clan, the clan of Genghis. The two clans claim a common origin from Bodonchar Munkhag who was alive in the 9th century AD. Bodonchar Munkhag was the third son of Alan Gua. He is believed to have been the origin of both clans, the Barlas and the Borjigin. Tumanay Khan was the son of Baishinkhor Dogshin, who was the son of Khaidu, who was the son of Hachi Hulug, who was the son of Menen Tudun, who was the son of Habich Baghatur, who the son of Bodonchar Munkhag.
The Timurids emphasized on the loyalty found between the two families for generations. Qarachar Barlas and his father, Suqu Sechen, were present at the Kurultai where Genghis Khan was made the ruler of all Mongols. Both were present as representatives of the Barlas. Both the Mongol and the Timurid sources agree on Qarachar being an important military commander of the Mongol Empire. The Timurid sources seem to exaggerate upon it.
According to the Timurids, Suqu Sechen was a trusted advisor of Yesugei Baghatur, the father of Genghis. He was even supposed to have present at Genghis’s birth.
Later on, Qarachar was amongst the first to support Genghis and swear allegiance. He was in command of an army of 10,000 men. He was even one of the most important and trusted advisers of the Great Khan. On his deathbed, Genghis made Qarachar the adviser of Chagatai. Qarachar would marry the daughter of Chagatai to further strengthen the bonds between the two families. He would remain one of the most important advisers and military general of the Chagatai Khanate. He would go on to advise Qara Hulegu, Chagatai’s son.
Another blood connection that some of the Timurids claimed was that Timur was a descendant of Genghis via his mother, Tekina Khatun.
The last and perhaps most important way that Timur associated himself with Genghis was by marriage. Timur married Saray Mulk Khanum, a descendant of Genghis via Chagatai. Saray Mulk Khanum was the daughter of Qazan Khan ibn Yasaur. Qazan was the son of Yasa'ur, who was the son of Chubei. Chubei was the great grandson of Chagatai Khan. According to the laws of Genghis, only a descendant of his could declare himself a Khan and rule the Khanate. Timur’s way around it was to marry Saray Mulk Khanum and take the title Gurkani (the son in-laws) from the Mongol word Kuragan. He declared himself the protector of the line of Chagatai.
How true each of the claims are is hard to tell. While it is obvious that Timur and the Timurids clearly exaggerated on their association with Genghis. There was some association between the two.
I don't see where the episode 2nd about him...?
OMGGGG YES FREUE MICH SCHON DIE GANZE ZEIT DARAUF YEYYYYY
The main sources about Amir Temir (Tamerlane: the life of the great amir) are wriiten by Ibn Arabshah and code of Timur(written after several centuries).
No one in West read Arab Shah's history because he lied to much it is expected from Shi'a you forgot the Spanish ambassador
@@aftekharyounas4841 Nobody cares what the west tend to believe. Ibn Arabshah was biased for sure.but he described a lot of events, cause contemporary
@@user-zt2ei8vu5b go and find your family history if you have one
@@aftekharyounas4841 find urself. I dont care of u
The credit for the Timurid Dynasty and Empire goes to one man. The founder of this empire, Emir Timur or Tamerlane. Timur was born in the Barlas tribe, a Turko-Mongol tribe. Timur claimed to have shared common ancestry with Genghis Khan through their common ancestor Tumanay Khan. It is not known if this true. His mother’s ancestry is unknown. According to some historians, she was not of any noble origin. Some claim her to be a descendant of Genghis Khan. According to some, Timur claimed his mother to be a descendant of the mythical Persian Manuchehr. All we know for certain is her name, Tekina Khatun.
Timur was born in 1336 near the village of Kesh in what is now Uzbekistan. At the time this was a part of the Chagatai Khanate. He was born in a minor noble family of his tribe. Early in his life, Timur led a band of raiders that stole livestock. During one of these raids, Timur was shot by the shepherd with arrows in his right leg and hand. This crippled Timur and earned him his name, Tamerlane or Timur the Lame. Timur’s rise to power came when he played the Khans of the Chagatai Khanate against each other and left them weak. He would marry Saray Mulk Khanum, a descendant of Genghis Khan, and use this link to claim dominion of the Chagatai Khans. Prior to marrying his wide, Timur used the title Amir. Since he could not call himself Khan as he could prove no descent from Genghis Khan. After marrying his wife, he took the title Kuragan/Guregen meaning the son-in-law, signifying his connection to the great Khan. This title would soon take it’s Persian form, Gurkan. From this would arise the Gurkani Dynasty, the title the Timurid Dynasty used to refer to themselves.
Tamerlane began his conquests of the surrounding regions. He would conquer Persia, defeat the resurgent Golden Horde under Tokhtamysh, crush the Tughlaq dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate and defeat the mighty Ottomans. Through his conquests, Tamerlane would forge for himself a large empire. This was the mighty Timurid Empire. Again this empire was called the Gurkaniyan Empire (گورکانیان) by Timur and his descendants. In 1405, Tamerlane died planning the long awaited invasion of the Ming Dynasty of China. Tamerlane’s first heir, Jahangir, had died decades before his father. Umar Shaikh Mirza, Jahangir’s brother and next in line, also died. Tamerlane had then chosen his grandson and Jahangir’s son, Muhammad Sultan Mirza. Tamerlane had made it clear that Sultan Mirza was to succeed him. Coins had already been minted containing both their names. Unfortunately he died in 1403, leaving Timur without an heir. On his deathbed, he chose his final heir. Pir Muhammad Mirza, brother to Sultan Mirza.
Pir Muhammad was the governor of Kandahar. He was not seen as very competent and none of the other Timurids or the nobility supported him after Timur’s death. He faced off against his cousin and governor of Ferghana, Khalil Sultan, and lost. Khalil Sultan took the treasury and the capital of Samarkand. He declared himself the ruler of the Timurid Empire. He heard rumors that his uncle and Timur’s son, Shah Rukh, had also claimed throne. Khalil took his larger army to face Shah Rukh who had retreated to Herat, his domain. The nobles in the capital of Samarkand however despised Khalil and forced him to withdraw to Ferghana. The war turned in Shah Rukh’s favor. In May 1409, Shah Rukh took Samarkand without any opposition. Khalil surrendered to Shah Rukh and was made a governor. Shah Rukh decided to change the capital and moved it to Herat, where he had long held power. He appointed his son, Ulugh Beg, as ruler of Transoxiana. The civil war was over and Shah Rukh Khan was the ruler of the Timurid Empire. Emperor Shah Rukh would go on to rule the empire for about 40 years till his death in 1447. Ulugh Beg headed to Herat to oust his nephew, Ala al-Dawla, who had claimed the throne in Herat. He was initially successful but was forced to retreat when Ala al-Dawla’s brother forced him to withdraw. He soon heard news that his son, Abdal-Latif Mirza had rebelled against him. Ulugh Beg chose to surrender to his son. He would be allowed to go on a holy pilgrimage to Mecca. Abdal-Latif Mirza however had his father assassinated on the journey. This brought an end to the two year rule of Ulugh Beg.
Abdal-Latif Mirza’s rule was even shorter. Assassination of his father, Ulugh Beg, was a stain on his honor that he could not be rid of. Ulugh Beg was not only a respected king but a great intellectual with works in math, arts and astronomy. He had built madrassa and even an observatory. Abdal-Latif Mirza was given the title Padarkush meaning father-killer. He was disliked by the nobles and was removed and killed following a conspiracy against him in 1450. The conspiring nobles put Abdullah Mirza on the throne. Abdullah Mirza was Abdal-Latif’s cousin and had been imprisoned by him. The conspirators released him and put him on the throne. He was an unpopular ruler. He was defeated, removed from power and executed in 1451 by Abu Sa'id Mirza. Abu Said had to make a lot of promises to Abu'l-Khayr Khan and his Uzbeks. He reunited much of the Timurid Empire which had greatly fragmented. While he can be accredited for unification of much of the empire, he can also be blamed for the rise in power of the Uzbeks which would bring an end to the Timurid rule. While trying to reconquer the western parts of the empire lost to the Aq Qoyunlu, Abu Said was captured and killed in 1469.
With the death of Abu Said, the western part of the empire was lost forever. The eastern part was permanently fragmented. The empire was divided between his sons:
Sultan Ahmad Mirza was granted Samarkand and Bukhara
Sultan Mahmud Mirza was granted Badakhshan and Hissar
Ulugh Beg II was given Kabul and Ghazni
Umar Shaikh Mirza was given Ferghana
Sultan Husayn Bayqara Mirza, another great-grandson of Timur, claimed and took the capital of Herat. The Timurid Empire was not an empire any longer but rather a collection of city states.
I love Timur
Is it because he was killing the Turks and Mongols?
I was on a train from Hohot in inner Mongolia, twenty five years ago, and a Chinese, English teacher came and sat with us because he wanted to speak English with a native. Then a Mongolian guy came and talked to us, translated through the teacher. The Mongolian guy invited us to stay in his yurt. My wife accepted, excitedly because she thought he'd invited us to stay on his yacht. That is pretty funny, if you look at a map of Inner Mongolia.
If i were him ,i will never invite white westerner come into my
As an asian i do not welcome white westerner especially karen into my home
@@iwanaja934Strange, isn't your skin white like your European brothers and Aryan peoples?
Timur calls herself a Turk and in her laws it says Raise the species.
Where is episode 2 ?
😍😍😍😍😍😍
Where to get this map pls
Turk millati zakiydir! ❤🔥👍
Hey Boss, He is my Homei 😅
🐺
Benim khazar Türkler
U Kazakh emas
Temir,Timur,Taymur/TeymorتيمورIron was Turkic Language and Lanag/Lenk from Tajik Language : Lane = Tamerlane
It's caled Persian, the language.
Эй ты что ты хочешь сказать Темур был тасик что-ли он был узбек и такие есть
Нет тасике язык и не будет
Tamerlane, or what is called today in Uzbekistan Amir Timur, established a Semi-Mongolic Dynasty in the late 14th century with the help of Turkic tribes on the legacy of the Chagatai Khanate. Far from being a Turkic/Islamic state, his rule gave lots of harms on Islam and the Turkic world. First he fought with Toktamish Khan and demolished the Golden Horde in Eurasia, hereby paved the way for Russia's rise to power as an empire. Secondly, he attacked the Ottoman state and looted Anatolia and left the local people with pain, blood and tear (e.g. Sivas case). Timur also sacked India (Delhi) and killed many people there, including Muslims. Due to his bloodthirsty ambitions on power, the conquest of Constantinople, modern day Istanbul, was delayed 50 years by the Ottoman Turks. His only intention to conquest a non-Islamic realm was China, but he could not have finished this duty, because Allah (c.c.) never destined him with this jihad and he died on his way to campaign over China. In brief, Tamerlane was a cruel tyrant, who committed atrocities with his superego and always wanted to be a sahibkìran with a nonesense desire to conquest of territories for nothing like his predecessor and ancestor Ghenghiz Khan.Therefore, it is futile to consider Timur as part of the Turkish history and no need to maintain the path of the early Republican Kemalists who also regarded Ghenghiz Khan, Hulagu and some other barbaric Mongol pagans as Turkic rulers within the concept of the exaggerated Turkish historical thesis. The area where Timur ruled over with his iron fist was Transoxiana, namely old Turkestan. And most people there were in Turkic origin with a mixture of Persian, Mongolic and Indian human resources. But nevertheless, it is nonesense to accept Timur as Turk, and he destroyed, and thus, upsided downed the then Turkic world. However, today's Uzbekistan is our Turkic brother country in Central Asia and they got rid of modern Timur, as he died in 2017, namely the post-Soviet autocrat Islam Karimov. It is now more important not to repeat wrong-doings of the past and we should desire and build a common and united future under the Organization of the Turkic States from now on...
Cheers,
Your information is so biased man you must learn more about Timur
Timur destroyed Izmir in 3 days which Ottomans couldn't do during 7;years😂😂😂😂😂😂
I think you are Persian so your opinion according to Persian's information because Timur brought Persians to Samarkand as a slave and built toilet on Firdevdi's grave😅😅😅😂😂😂😂😊😊😊
@@shaxzodbekshodiyev3049You know that he is the man who killed the Turk the most
@@user-fl5mq9kp7g because only turks can defeat turks
@@shaxzodbekshodiyev3049 But this man made the indigenous Turks in the region extinct. Do you see people with a Chinese appearance in the region?
As a Turk I don't understand why the Chinese civilization claims the advancement of medieval civilization that the Turks did because of their contribution. when many of them think China is a developed country but don't know the extent of the world (sitting at home) is really shameless.
I think that there are a lot of Chinese people who are very well aware of the contributions of non-Han-Chinese to history, culture, science. It is those people who have watched and supported this channel for quite a while.
But there is also a growing number of people that may not be large in size yet, but is very loud in voicing their opinions which always - always! - come across as propagandistic pamphlets that were spread by certain politicians in Beijing.
Trying not to get political here is really difficult.
So what medieval advancement are you contesting with the Chinese? Give some evidence otherwise u r an equally shameless keyboard warrior. Don't forget as the Mongols/Turks etc advance and conquer they also destroyed and genocided countless people, civilizations and knowledge in the process.
Nobody in China have ever made those claims
We do not make those claims but Turks seem to not accept the fact they are turkified Greeks and göktürk was defeated by Tang empire
🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉
Another butcher in history and he and others like him are great evidences on Allah exists. if justice didn't take place on this life, difinetly will take place on the other life otherwise no purpose for existence of our intelligent designed, accurate, amazing and sophisticated world that we live in, all that beside the amazing complicated body, brain، perception and human conscience that we have.
Thank you for the historical information and the good way in delivering it.
Arabian god doesn't exist it is Tenger which exists.
Тимур: Мы Мелик Туранский, Амир Туркестанского. Мы сыновья Тюрка. Я вождь старейшей и величайшей нации!
Шараф ад-Дин Али Йезди/Зафарнама
...эмиры. Почувствовав возможность, Тимур (также известный на английском языке как Тамерлан), лидер чагатайских тюрков, двинулся против Сирии. В последние десятилетия четырнадцатого века Тимур создал империю, включавшую большую часть Центральной Азии, Ирана и Ирака. Хотя Тимур сам не был монголом,...
(стр. 84-107) Ибн Халдун: интеллектуальная биография Princeton University Press (2018)
Why was Timur’s army so powerful?
Cuz he was turk
@@yo2trader539 cuz he was turk his name is turkic his language is turkic he is turkic
@@mehmetyusufkaradeniz ben timur soyundan ozbek Türküyüm ama bunu kimseye kabullendiremedim 😂
@@mehmetyusufkaradeniz but his tribe was originally a mongol one that Turkified in central asia.
Central asian Turks look chinese because the mongols were their masters and made babies with turkic girls. facts
@@mehmetyusufkaradeniz Many nations call themselves Tatars. But this is the name of ancient Mongols. Millions of people around the world call themselves Turkics. But is it real ? Where did the Turkic Empire founded ? 200 meters behind my poor summer house is the tomb of a Turkic nobleman. This was our old name, and only the Mongols, descendants of the GokTurkic Empire, could do it again. No one else could. You call yourselves Turkics, but this is an empty name. Fake nations. Victims of conquest. Name thieves. History thieves.
Mongolia is blus sky cool
I wish you would cite your sources, because it seems to me like you are making many inaccurate claims with nothing to back them up
The Mongols buils pyramids of 70k akulla. Ignoring that weakens the video.
Timur was only politically related to Borjigin family
(The Mongols even accepted the Öngüt Turks as Mongols.)
The Y chromosome of the founder of the Timur Dynasty, Amir Timur (تيمور Amir Tīmūr / Taymūr, 1336-1405), is the haplogroup J2 (J-M172) (Note 1). This is due to the results of analyzes based on samples obtained from multiple Uzbek men who are descendants of Amir Timur.
Timur Turk- Central Asia Uzbekistan L24? J-M172
(FamilytreeDNA)
Actually ,there is no evidence that Amir Temir belonged to the J2. There are also C3 and R1b haplogroups among his descendants.
@KALDIRDIM GÖBEĞİ BAK HOBBAAA firtsly,i didnt mention about Mongols at all. A lot of Kazakhs have C3 y-dna. There are below dna test of Timurs descendants.
Haplogroup C3
31825 H. Ba Sein India India C 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 17 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16
31818 Qassim Uzbekistan C 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 17 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16 10 10 22-23 15 13 17 16 33-34 11 10 10 9 16-16 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22-22 15 11 12 14 14 8 14 25 18 18 14 11 13 11 11 10 11
15065 Bakht Mughal India C 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 26 11-11-12-16
31819 Taimuri India India C3 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16
31820 Tin India C 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16
31823 Taimuri mughal India C3 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16
31824 Shukoh Mughal India C3 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16
15066 Bahadur Mongolia C 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16-16
47963 Temuri India India C 13 25 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-9 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16
31821 Gorgani India C 13 26 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16
69055 Jah Gorgani Mughal India C 13 26 16 10 12-13 11 14 10 13 11 29 18 8-8 11 12 26 14 22 27 11-11-12-16 10 10 22-23 15 13 17 16 33-34 11 10 10 9 16-16 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22-22 15 11 12 14 14 8 14 25 18 18 14 11 13 11 11 10 11
47958 Baig Tajikistan C3 14 23 15 10 11-21 11 13 11 14 11 30 16 8-8 11 11 24 14 20 29 12-1
Haplogroup R1a
47961 Khan Mehdi Khan - 1840- Hushiar Pur - India India R1a1a 12 24 16 11 12-14 12 12 10 13 11 31 16 8-10 11 11 23 14 20 32 12-15-15-16
47962 Banni Pakistan - Punjab Pakistan R1a1 13 24 13 11 11-14 12 12 10 13 11 30 15 9-10 11 11 23 14 20 32 13-15-15-16
39119 Taki Singh india India R1a1a 13 24 15 10 11-14 12 12 10 13 11 32
57966 Jaddoun Ashraf Khan-1500 Pakistan R1a1a 13 24 16 10 11-14 12 12 10 13 11 30 15 9-10 11 11 23 14 20 32 12-15-15-16
57971 Mohiuddin Sri Lanka R1a1a 13 24 16 10 11-14 12 12 10 14 11 31 16 9-10 11 11 25 14 19 32 12-15-15-16
69064 Meer Khan -Turk Pakistan R1a1a 13 24 16 10 14-14 12 12 10 13 11 29 16 8-10 11 11 24 14 20 33 12-14-15-16
24064 Tareen Pathan - Anis Khan 1947 Pakistan Pakistan R1a1a 13 24 16 11 11-14 12 12 10 13 11 30 15 9-10 11 11 23 14 20 32 12-15-15-16
24065 Bib Pakistan R1a1a 13 25 15 10 13-14 12 12 10 13 11 31 16 9-10 11 11 24 14 20 33 12-14-16-16
24066 Awan Origin of the Saka Races - Pakistan R1a1a 13 25 15 11 11-14 12 12 10 13 11 30 17 9-10 11 11 25 14 20 31 12-14-15-16
39115 Tamurin Afghanistan R1a1a 13 25 17 10 11-14 12 12 10 13 11 31 16 9-10 11 11 24 14 19 33 12-12-15-16
69063 Saeed Ali (abbasi ??) Pakistan R1a1a 13 25 17 11 11-15 12 12 10 13 11 31 15 9-10 11 11 24 14 19 32 12-1
69073 Al Shareef Unknown Origin R1a1a 13 24 17 11 9-11 12 12 10 13 11 29 16 9-10 11 11 23 14 20 33 12-15-15-16
88701 B Saudia Arabia - Mecca Saudi Arabia R1a1a 13 25 15 9 12-15 12 12 10 13 11 31 19 9-10 11 11 24 14 20 34 12-15-15-17
117201 Barlas Pakistan R1a1 13 25 15 10 11-14 12 12 10 13 11 31 17 9-10 11 11 25 14 20 32 12-1
Haplogroup Q
47960 Lodhi Nawab Mustaq Ahmed Khan -1930 -Pathan Pakistan Q1a3 14 24 15 10 13-16 12 12 12 12 14 29 16 9-9 11 11 26 14 18 28 14-
They have DNA samples of Timur himself, and I don’t think it’s J haplogroup. But this haplogroup is quite common among turks, especially in the south.
@@NoMadMediaProductions in order to take DNA, they need at least posses his tooth, there is a historian and DNA expert, known as Jaksylyk Sabitov, who said that he probably belonged to the Haplogroup C.
@KALDIRDIM GÖBEĞİ BAK HOBBAAA You rewriting so much “bullshit” stuff. Usually russians or persians like to say such ridiculous things…
Temurleng (Amir Temur) was Barlas., Barlas (Baruulas) is a turkic-mongolic tribe, related to Kiyat Bordjigins., Genghis Khans relatives descendants. Same as Kataghan, Uishun, Baryn, Mangyt tribes.
How do you know whom Tamerlane hated?!)., he massacred so much persians, arabs, georgians, alans, lezgi-lek tribes, pushtuns, armenians, anatolian oguz tribes, so what…
Barlas tribe and Bobur dynasty had haplogroup - C2 (M217), (F4002). After 400 years most of modern Uzbeks has haplogroup J2, so it does not make Mogol Barlas tribe caucasian, sogdian, samanid or europeans. (For instance., first nomad Oguz Yabgu tribes, Seldjuks had mostly -Q, R1B haplogroups. But last Ottoman sultan had haplogroup R1A (slavic-balkanian line, or half of modern turkish or azerbaijani population has local genes from settled population of anatolia and southern shirvan/arran.
Muslim Ottomans will dominate timur, by Allah's grace.
Allahu Akbar! Allahu Akbar! Allahu Akbar!
Allahu Akbar! Allahu Akbar! Allahu Akbar!
Allahu Akbar! Allahu Akbar! Allahu Akbar!
Allahu Akbar! Allahu Akbar! Allahu Akbar!
La Ilaha IllAllah! La Ilaha IllAllah!
La Ilaha IllAllah! La Ilaha IllAllah!
La Ilaha IllAllah! La Ilaha IllAllah!
La Ilaha IllAllah! La Ilaha IllAllah!
La Ilaha IllAllah! La Ilaha IllAllah!
AlhamduLillah! AlhamduLillah!
AlhamduLillah! AlhamduLillah!
AlhamduLillah! AlhamduLillah!
AlhamduLillah! AlhamduLillah!
AlhamduLillah! AlhamduLillah!
SubhanAllah! SubhanAllah!
SubhanAllah! SubhanAllah!
SubhanAllah! SubhanAllah!
SubhanAllah! SubhanAllah!
SubhanAllah! SubhanAllah!
In your dreams! You descendent of the Greek cuckolds!
As for Timur's relationship with the Mongols, this man belongs to one of the 92 clans of Uzbeks. 1. Timur did not even speak the Mongol language. 2. The Mongolian language is not even close to the Uzbek language. 3. In Mongolia, " The name "Amir Temur" is not used, this name is unique to Uzbek Turks, no such name is used anywhere else. 4. Temur, whose eyes are similar to those of the Mongols, is the opposite.
Temur, Timur
ТӨМӨР/Tömör means iron in mongolian language.
It is the most common name of Mongolian kings
Togoon Tömör, Tug Tömör, Yusun Tömör, Tugs Tömör, Gun Tömör, Ulzii Tömör.
World had only 3 powerful rulers . Alexander. chengizxan . Timur
it is Kaghanat not Khaganat
His real name is TIMUR LANG. LANG in Persian means LAME. Since TIMUR was limping on his right leg. Iran: More than Meets the Eye.
Timur Turk
Rise of NAtions soundtrack
Yes!!! Finally someone noticed! :D
Epic game. I needs a remaster ASAP@@KhansDen
There is no doubt that Timur was one of the greatest and most ruthless conquerors in history. Few men left behind a death toll at a similar level as Timur in the medieval era. The most commonly given figure of casualties is seventeen million. This was about 5% of the known world’s population at the time. However, the idea that Timur killed seventeen million people seems to be false. It is a figure that is built upon exaggerations with no real evidence behind it. Let me begin by what the seventeen million figure really represents. This number is not meant to be the number of people killed by the armies of Timur. Rather the total casualties that died as a result of his military campaigns. This figure just even just represent the total number of people that died in the region during Timur’s reign or lifetime. Note that this is the total number of deaths. It includes all causes. Such as famine, disease, chaos, etc.
However, it is common for a large percentage of the total deaths in a war to result from secondary causes rather than being killed by the military forces. Such as famine and disease. These secondary causes largely arise as a consequence of the war. In Timur’s case, he was indirectly responsible for creating the conditions that resulted in these secondary causes. Thus responsible for the deaths that arose as a consequence of them. The reason for mentioning this is to make it clear exactly what we are referring to here. It is safe to assume that the majority (at least half) of the deaths were from these secondary causes. So what does the seventeen million figure indicate? It represents the total number of deaths that resulted from Timur’s conquests. This includes those killed by his forces, those who died from disease or starvation and those who fell victim to the chaos. The number of people who were directly killed by his forces is probably less than half of the total.
Source of these estimates
You may be wondering why I would question the seventeen million figure even though I myself stated that he left behind a death toll that was matched by few men. The reason is that this seventeen million figure has been bothering me for some time now. Not because I doubt the death and destruction left behind by the man. But because I have been unable to find any evidence of the exact source of this number and how it was estimated. So where does this seventeen million number come from? The truth is that I have no idea. Despite looking into it for some time now. I have been unable to find the primary source of the estimate or the methodology behind its calculation.
What makes it even more doubtful is that I have come across several different estimates. There is no consistency between these numbers. The lowest estimate of 7 million comes from Ian McWilliam of the Los Angeles Times. The highest estimate of 20 million comes from Peter Ford of the Christian Science Monitor. The maximal estimate being about thrice as large as the minimal estimate. Yet, once again there is no source ever provided for the origin of these estimates. This makes me question the source of these estimates. It is common to come across articles online that mention the 17 million estimated figure. If you follow the trail of these sources, it eventually take you down a rabbit hole to a newspaper article from the late 1990s. This was the time when the Soviet Union collapsed and the Republic of Uzbekistan came to be. Interestingly, none of these articles were really about Timur himself. Rather about Uzbekistan’s interesting association with and reconstruction of a new national image of Timur.
Here are a few of those sources:
Peter Ford’s 20 million estimate from “Ex-Russian Satellite Enjoys Setting Its Own Agenda” in the Christian Science Monitor from June 1997
Dave Carpenter’s 17 million estimate from "Barbaric Tamerlane anointed a whitewashed hero in Uzbekistan" in the Associated Press from January 1998
Jonathan Fenby’s 17 million estimate from "Crossroads of conquest" in the South China Morning Post from November 1999
Hugh David Scott Greenway’s 15 million estimate from "New waves across the steppes" in the Boston Globe May 1998
www.nytimes.com/1997/11/10/world/a-kinder-gentler-tamerlane-inspires-uzbekistan.html
Stephen Kinzer’s 17 million estimate from “A Kinder, Gentler Tamerlane Inspires Uzbekistan” in the New York Times from November 1997
www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1999-01-17-9901170256-story.html
Colin McMahon’s 17 million estimate from "The Rehabilitation of Tamerlane” in the Chicago Tribune from January 1999
www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-08-23-wr-30294-story.html
Ian McWilliam’s 7 million estimate "Uzbekistan Restores Samarkand To Boost Nationalist Pride” in the Los Angeles Times from August 1994
If you look at these sources and read the available articles, it quickly becomes apparent that these “estimates” seem like figures magically pulled out of a hat. No source is listed from where these figures came or how they were calculated. The men who wrote these articles are not historians. Nor are they experts in Timurid or Central Asian history. Rather mostly journalists who specialize on foreign affairs. I don’t blame these journalists for using these figures. Their articles were never written about Timur. He was simply a side note on their article about the newly formed Republic of Uzbekistan. These articles should have never been used as a primary source for the estimate of people who died as a result of Timur’s invasions. The source of such things should always be a book or historian that has focused on Timur or the Timurids. The only book that I have found which seems to mention an exact figure as an estimate is the “The Lost Tribes, A Myth: Suggestions Towards Rewriting Hebrew History” by Allen Howard Godbey. He places the estimate at 12 million. This man was no expert on Timurid or Central Asian history. Nor was the book about these topics either. Once again, no source is mentioned. Nor is any hint given as to how the author estimated this figure.
The greatest example of the use of these articles as the primary sources is the book, “Atrocities: The 100 Deadliest Episodes in Human History” by Matthew White. The chapter on Timur lists the total death toll caused by him as 17 million. The same confusing estimate. So how did this author calculate this estimate? He used all of these old newspaper articles that I mentioned above (along with “The Lost Tribes, A Myth: Suggestions Towards Rewriting Hebrew History”) as his source for calculating the estimate. He simply took the median of these estimates. Without ever considering where these articles were getting these estimates from or how they calculated it. This is a pattern that I have seen over and over again. The use of these same unreliable articles as a primary source.
“Median of eight published estimates. Allen Howard Godbey, The Lost Tribes a Myth: Suggestions towards Rewriting Hebrew History (New York: Ktav, 1974), p. 385 ("Genghis Khan is estimated to have destroyed twenty million people, Tamerlane twelve million"); McWilliam, "Uzbekistan Restores Samarkand" ("A ruthless conqueror who, by one estimate at least, caused the deaths of about 7 million people"); Ford, "Ex-Russian Satellite" ("Tamerlane . . . was responsible for the deaths of as many as 20 million people"); Kinzer, "Kinder, Gentler Tamerlane" ("His Turkish and Mongol army is said to have killed 17 million men, women and children in his 14th century rampage"); Carpenter, "Barbaric Tamerlane" ("His armies . . . are estimated to have massacred as many as 17 million people"); Greenway, "New Waves across the Steppes" ("He is said to have killed 15 million people"); Fenby, "Crossroads of Conquest" ("A local warrior with a limp from arrow wounds marched north, east, west and south to found an empire of his own on some 17 million corpses"); McMahon, "Rehabilitation of Tamerlane" ("an estimated death toll of as many as 17 million people").
-Calculation of the total death toll by Matthew White in his book, “Atrocities: The 100 Deadliest Episodes in Human History” , in his own words.
Most of Turkic brothers deny Timur’s Mongolian origin
Timur Tirkic
to be fair, he had Mongolian ancestry but it really does seem he was completely Turkic
Try to call Timur Mongol in Uzbekistan and look what happens next
What did Timur say in Esfehan? Research that and you’ll realize he is more of a Turk than a Mongol
@@zagrowth8260 write me the name of source
Why english souces call Timur as a Turco-Mongol not as Uzbek ? He was Uzbek and modern Uzbeks are the descendants of Timurids. English sources need to accept it and when they are making materials they need to call him as Uzbek not turco-mongol. There is not a nation named turco-mongol in the world then and now . There was nation called them as Turks lived in Transoxiana and then they called them as uzbeks. Timur called himself turk not mongol.
Babur: Why did you destroy the empire and ally yourself with the white sheep, O Bedouins?
Nobody should say timulenk because it disrespectful word for THE GREAT TIMUR
Emir Timur or Tamerlane has a reputation for being as being one of the greatest military commanders and conquerors in history. One who went undefeated throughout his military career. This isn’t quite true. Timur did face a few defeats in battles during his life. However, this was before he rose to power within the Chagatai Ulus.
We don’t really hear about these loses for several reasons. First of all, because this was before Timur’s rise to power and few accounts exist from this era. Secondly, because it was against the interest of the Timurid chroniclers to mention such defeats in their accounts of Timur’s life. These accounts were meant to glorify him. Naturally, these small-scale battles do not really get much attention. These are quite insignificant in comparison to Timur’s grand victories later in his life.
Timur lost a few battles early in his career. This was at a time when Mughalistan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate) had invaded the Chagatai Ulus (Western Chagatai Khanate) in 1360. Timur decided to use this opportunity to make a bid for leadership of the Barlas tribe. One early example of a defeat was at the hands of Haji Beg, the previous chief of the Barlas tribe. The two sides faced off each other on the field. Haji Beg still held far more influence within the Barlas tribe than Timur. The chieftains of the Barlas abandoned Timur and returned to Haji Barlas. Timur was forced to surrender and concede the leadership of the tribe back to Haji Beg. Timur was accepted back into the tribe.
The worst defeat faced by Timur was probably in the Battle of Tashkent in 1365. Timur formed an alliance with Emir Husayn, the leader of the Qara’unas, and rebelled against the authority of Mughalistan. Timur and Emir Husayn led an army against Ilyas Khoja, the Chagatai Khan of Mughalistan. The battle was fierce and the two sides were pretty evenly matched. Timur told Emir Husayn to bring his men forward to strike the final blow and break the Mughal army. However, Emir Husayn chose to ignore this and delayed. He held his men back. The Mughals took advantage of this brief weakness and broke through the lines. Timur’s army was broken and defeated. It is believed that Timur lost thousands of men in this battle. This is believed to have been the event that resulted in the souring of relations between the two leaders.
Тогда у Тамерлана не было полный власть над армии и он не было тогда правитель. Он тогда был всего лишь военный командир и то проиграл из-за предательства его союзника которые решающий время отказал выступить в бою и повернулся уехал обратно. Через несколько месяцев Тамерлан его убил за предательства.
Timur never claimed or took the title Khan.
No not true
Its not certain that Timur was a devout muslim himself
He put Yassa ahead of sharia
He conquered and killed many muslims
do you have any sources that he put Yassa ahead of sharia?
it said liberal Muslim, that leaves a lot of room
Yassa literaly means Rules in Turkic Language ! For example ALLAH'ın yasası means Gods Rules (law )
timur turkic Alper clan, by mother, a khazarian, his name means iron in turkic no Mongolian Timur
How did you even know that Timur says that it is from the Arabic word “Taimur” in the Holy Quran?
@@user-cg2tw8pw7j I know cause I am who I am
@@user-cg2tw8pw7jTimur mentioned it in his own book "TIMUR TUZUKLARI"
@@user-cg2tw8pw7jnope! Temur is a Turk term for Iron and it’s a common name in Uzbekistan
Every 19 minutes a women gets rapped in india. About 90 women a day and children and men. May allah protect thest souls. Ameen.
Just imagine what's happening to our muslim brothers and sisters.
Please copy and paste to spread awareness for the grape victims.
These are just ones recorded. Some say 150-300 daily!!!
How many do you think?????
If you've done any scholarly research on Timur I think you should know better than to call Timur a Mongol smh
Амир Тимур не монгол, а из казахского рода Найман, под род Барлас. Найманы везде и являются казахскими турками.
Чингизидов перебил из-за того, что они захватили власть в Великой степи и закрепил ее за собой как династия (Торе) .
Чингисхан принёс много бед найманам, присоединил их к себе силой. Найманский батыр Кетбуха участвовал в военной компании Чингисхана по завоеванию Ближнего Востока.
У найман было свое государство до чингисхана
Найман,барласы это монгольские племена
@@user-oe4og1rx1o если бы был монголом, то язык был бы монголским и буддистом, логику включай иногда.
@@user-fk7iv1to6b Найман - монгольский слова, барлас - монгольский слова. Не пиздите пожайлуста.
😂😂😂😂😂 майкл джексон тоже найман
@@user-mj1st5bt3d придурок, нет слов
"Lenk" is a disrespect to the great Amir Timur "Sahibqiran", which some historians used because they hate him. ""SAHIBQIRAN" should be used instead if anyone respects him.
How about Gurkani?
@@Adil_Turysbek_TVRC I think "Küregen", "Khürgen" (I don't know the exact spelling) which means son-in-law in Mongolian, is also a perfectly fine title as it was given to him because his wife was from Chingiz Khan's family. The title of "Amir/Emir" is also fine because he himself used it instead of "Khan". But the title of "lane/lenk/leng" is a total disrespect.
@@zahiruddinmuza1109The title "leng" means lame in Persian. Persians called him by this name, coz he was lame, and they didn't respect him, coz he killed lots of them.
Dang man every videos of Turks I see it’s u lol didn’t even realize
His environment in Uzbekistan wasnt influence by the Turks but Turks are native there and Timur himself must have been a Turk. 90% of his soldiers were Turks. Stop dreaming about the mighty Mongols.
To call the Japonic and Korean languages "uncontroversially" Altaic is an aspirational statement at best. The links are basically non-existent.
completely non-existent, lol. it's a complete joke these days in the Korean linguistics community. this video has tons of questionable claims in the first 2 minutes smh
Mongol means the distorted name of the ideology of the Turkic Kaganate Mangu El, that is, the eternal people. The modern Khalkha Manchurian Mongols have never been related to the Turks of Genghis Khan. This nonsense was invented by the communists to destroy the influence and uprising of the Turks, since the main part of the territory of Russia is the land of the Turks. Genghis Khan Turks from the Kiyata tribe. His native language was Kukturk or as it is called Chagatai, the direct successor of which is the Uzbek language before the arrival of the Soviet Union. Not to be confused with the modern Uzbek language artificially created to destroy the Turkic nature of the Uzbeks. My advice to you is to read the books by Rashididdin Hamadaniy, Sharafiddin Ali Yazdi, Mirza Ulugbek, Vamberi.
I don't know if you went to school or not he's name is shaib Koran Amir Timur Kurgan why do you fake
Turks distort the truth you was Greek first then you became Roman then you charge to Byzantine know you call yourself Turk
🤓
so Turks are the next step in Greek evolution... good to know.
Excuse me? So are you saying that in effect, I am allowed to proclaim myself as the heir to Alexander the Great? That Aristotle was one of my own kin, and that I got my warrior spirit from the Spartans? Nice, thanks a bunch!! :)
@@KhansDen THIS IS OTUKEN !
younas is called yunus. you are an ascendat of an arabic family?
to your agenda for greeks: the last 1 died 2100 years ago, if you mean the helenics. in todays greek there is noone from the time of helenic tribe. you can not tell if one is a turk or maybe greek, until he starts speaking or he drinks uzu or starts dancing sirtaki. a genetic test on the greeks of today could be a pain for them.
what Ukraine-Kazakhstan? lmao. Ukraine isa word from1921. I lost interest in rewriting history
All under heaven, oh Great Tengri, the sun moon and the trident/ (diving falcon ),flies in all flags of all nations, we have done as u have commanded, we have spread our bloodlines far, now more then half the world bears your mark of blessing, all their kings and holy men carry our bloodlines, we have torn down towers of those who say only us, we have infused the blood lines of the meek and they have truely inherited the earth, oh holy one, the blue bloods marked by your hand as we are born, the world will once more find peace in these turbulent times in the hands of the children of Mongol mark. * the seers and medicine man rejoice in all the glory. In silence the monpas have made the world ready to be as one under one divine mark. ® all under heaven all equal the holy trinity of man women and child under you and that all understanding and human achievement comes only from the holy trinity of knowledge, will and action.
Tengri: Go, you idiot, to my people behind the giant dam. Free my people, you stupid coward
this is the Timurid Empire, which in the 16th century destroyed the Ottoman Empire of the Turks. Turkia was so fooled by the Uzbek Kyrgyz and Kazakhs with their "Turkic paganism" that Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan worked for Turkey and became slaves of the Ottoman Turks just like the Azeri slaves.
What? Timur defeated and imprisoned Bayezid Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, ottomans were vassals of the Timurid Empire
@essaadeel3676 this i*diot is here for a querel and is not a Turk himself
Timur lenk war kein Mongole
Pls ask middle eastern muslims if the mongols were more tolerant than the crusaders
Genes was modified during these invasion.we should be thankful to the ancestors warriors ..❤❤
Which white sheep genes killed them all?
Pls ask middle eastern muslims if the mongols were more tolerant than the crusaders
The Crusaders attacked the Muslims, and then the Mongols stabbed the Muslims in the back. This is the reality. Mongolia also needs to thank the Crusaders. If you want to ask who the Muslims prefer, it must be Mongolia. Mongolia will not impose a religion on them, but because Mongolia itself does not have monotheism. , Mongolia itself will become a Muslim, if Christianity is allowed to rule, then there will be no Muslims today, and they will all become Christians