Non-Ideal Gases and the Van der Waals Equation

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 ม.ค. 2025

ความคิดเห็น • 116

  • @LiveAventura
    @LiveAventura 3 ปีที่แล้ว +33

    Professor Dave you are an angel ! You are my hero. I so absolutely only wish good things for you. You saved me. I am taking a thermodynamics class and I was completely lost on the vdWaals equations at 5:30. I just learned how its the same equation just rearranged. I dont know how I did not see it, I am a little dumb when it comes to this topic. But its people like you that make it so much easier to understand. I have been stuck on this for 10 hours and you just explained it to me in 5 minutes. I know we are just strangers on the internet but I fucking love you.

  • @travisstephens79
    @travisstephens79 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    The intro always makes me want to drill my eyes and ears out, but I can't argue with how well he presents information and allows for instant application. Overall, I am a grateful man.

  • @lukasv5751
    @lukasv5751 5 ปีที่แล้ว +93

    How is it possible that you always bring out videos that match my university lectures? It is getting kinda scary :D

    • @harshithgowni1528
      @harshithgowni1528 4 ปีที่แล้ว +20

      University, I'm learning this in 11th grade!

    • @maya.b5704
      @maya.b5704 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      I’m in 10th grade :(

    • @maya.b5704
      @maya.b5704 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      We r taking all AP courses tho, it is killing me :)

    • @porrasmc.benrickb.6792
      @porrasmc.benrickb.6792 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@maya.b5704 yep. But in university, its more complex than hs🤣

    • @maya.b5704
      @maya.b5704 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@porrasmc.benrickb.6792 true 😅, anyways, good luck to all students 👍🏻😂💕🥺

  • @MTheoOA
    @MTheoOA 5 ปีที่แล้ว +61

    How... How you can make all this things with so little visualization? I hope you get some collaboration and become a big channel, because your content is just PRO

  • @killajule8108
    @killajule8108 3 ปีที่แล้ว +48

    For a quick clarification for why a(n2/v2) is added instead of being subtracted think of it like this way, for an ideal gas the equation is P(ideal)V = nRT and then rearranged it’s P (ideal)= nRT/V. Then we have to change the volume by subtracting nb from it , then to account for the pressure drop for a real gas due to intermolecular forces subtract the value a(n2/v2) from both sides as follows, P(ideal) - a(n2/v2) = nRT/(V - nb ) - a(n2/v2). Then we can see that P(ideal) - a(n2/v2) = P(real) therefore the equation can be written as P(real) = nRT/(V - nb ) - a(n2/v2) and therefore finally we can see that
    P(real) + a(n2/v2) = nRT/(V - nb ). So we can conclude that you add the value a(n2/v2) instead of subtracting we using this equation. Hope this helps and best of luck!

    • @DrStrange-ct6fd
      @DrStrange-ct6fd 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      You had better make a separate video 😁

    • @mohamedabdal-salam633
      @mohamedabdal-salam633 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      thank you! that was exactly what I was looking for

    • @asmasuhail5079
      @asmasuhail5079 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Ooff thanks!! Been stuck on it for too long.

    • @mokka_commentry
      @mokka_commentry ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Yeah. Thanks. But can't we address this logically other than theoretically(equations)? Is there no way?

    • @thebeatdropbutton6354
      @thebeatdropbutton6354 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      but why dont we subtract from p directly as well?

  • @marie-angekasende9597
    @marie-angekasende9597 5 ปีที่แล้ว +21

    Professor Dave I appreciate you! Thank you so much for explaining this so clearly and concisely

  • @CodyTheBananaManGamingMusic
    @CodyTheBananaManGamingMusic 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    You teach better than my ivy league professor. Thank you for making the information clear.

  • @MrLee-cy1pw
    @MrLee-cy1pw 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I really appreciate the hard work that you do to make these videos.

  • @princesspat5239
    @princesspat5239 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    I love the added sound effect when you show anwsers with the elevator music, great vid

  • @parasakare9552
    @parasakare9552 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    The professor of everything award goes to Dave!!

  • @Ibtisam-z3v
    @Ibtisam-z3v 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    You're very best Sir ❤

  • @rachelkavalakatt6400
    @rachelkavalakatt6400 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    this was honestly the best explanation i have ever seen on this topic! Thank you so much :)

  • @anniemoses9478
    @anniemoses9478 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    You taught me something in 8min that I tried to learn for an hour with my lecturer🤦🏽‍♀️

  • @Ubersmile00
    @Ubersmile00 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    3:59 whats v in v-nb?😊

  • @incelnicel8565
    @incelnicel8565 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Something similar happens with the surface energy of small particles. They cannot be neglected if particles are so small. Maybe you can make a video about that to? That would be nice.

  • @bharatshah7271
    @bharatshah7271 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Genuine question(sorry if it is kind of stupid), but how would you incorporate gravitational interactions(assuming, for example, that you have some massive gas cloud in the middle of space)? Would you just bolt on Newton's law of universal gravitation and adjust the formula for it(ie integrate across the masses and inter-particle distances and the distance from the "center" of all the gas)? Also, what about plasmas, which likewise potentially contain high energy but very much polar particles(would they behave in a manner similar to van der walls)? Also, what about in another medium(ie a gas in a fluid filled environment which would both exert pressure and IMF's)? My guess is that there is no official law but given enough information there are ways to do it(for the gravity and the other medium question, or at least in the case of the latter, a way to make an educated guess [given the random movement of gasses])? And should such a question be deemed unanswerable given current information, what would your thoughts be in terms of potential routes for derivation or experimentation or even an educated guess(purely out of curiosity; I love discussing science hypotheticals)?

  • @FatimaZahid-se9cy
    @FatimaZahid-se9cy 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for explaining so Clearly 🙂❤️

  • @burnmyuncle141
    @burnmyuncle141 5 ปีที่แล้ว +254

    WHERE ARE YOUR HAIR

  • @rudhirsaxena2187
    @rudhirsaxena2187 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    hats off to you sir... great !! we aslwys find indian lectures everywhere

    • @cabbage5114
      @cabbage5114 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      as an indian, never have i been so offended by something i 100% agree with.
      personally i think physics wallah is the only good indian one but they teach in hindi and their videos are too long. professor dave's is short, sweet, and incredibly informative.

    • @rudhirsaxena2187
      @rudhirsaxena2187 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@cabbage5114 VMC is the best

  • @PGIFilms
    @PGIFilms 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Would you be able to expand on this video to explain how the Van der Waals equation is used in cases of gas mixtures? I have many questions about how this would be applied to account for real world conditions when it comes to things like designing containment vessels or accounting for "impurities" of other gasses introduced into a containment vessel through less-than-ideal-conditions/process that could affect how temperature/pressure/volume calculations are done. In this video at 3:30 , the value for "a" will be a known constant for a single specific gas and the attractions between the identical molecules of the gas, and then examples of polar water molecules and non-polar oxygen molecules are presented to describe differences in reaction intensity between identical molecules of gas and later at 3:50 the variable "b" is the known constant for the size of the type of gas molecule. *How would "a" and "b" be determined when dealing with a mixture of gases within the same volume of a containment vessel?* Can you do a video on how these types of calculations would be done? Also, what about mixed phases of a gas? *Is there a variant of the Van der Waals equation that is used for things such as when dealing with relations of temperature/pressure/volumes within containment vessels that gave a gas present in multiple phases?* For example tanks of liquefied oxygen or liquid nitrogen (where there the same type of gas is present in both its liquid and gaseous form to some degree) or dry ice (where CO2 gas is technically present solid, liquid, and gaseous forms) in a sealed container? Could you make another video covering that and how Van der Waals equation relates (or does not relate) to situations involving a single type of gas in different phases within the same vessel.

    • @PGIFilms
      @PGIFilms 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @Leonhard Euler Thanks for reminding me about this video. Professor Dave's video on "Dalton's Law and Partial Pressures" along with videos from other channels on Haber Process and Liquefaction of Atmosphere/Gas Separation gave me a bit more to answering some of the things I was wondering.
      One of the initial things I overlooked was Le Chatelier's principle and the states of matter would be determined by the temperature and pressure and that (if my understanding is correct) the presence of liquid or solid phases of the gas(es) present in the containment vessel would be accounted for in the Van der Waals calculations and kid of answers the second question I was wondering.
      The tricky part is still figuring out the first question regarding "a" & "b" and mixed gases within the same containment vessel. After giving it more thought, "b" is essentially fixed (L/mol) so (Total "b") = ("b" of Gas #1) + ("b" of gas #2) and so on. Now the video on "Dalton's Law and Partial Pressures" essentially says that Total Pressure = (partial pressure of Gas #1) + (partial pressure of Gas #2) + (plus partial pressure of Gas #3) etc, but I haven't found anything that says the same holds true regarding "a" where (Total "a") = ("a" of gas #1) + ("a" of gas #2) and that it would work properly as such in the Van der Waal calculations. In the Haber Process the gasses Nitrogen and Hydrogen become ammonia once certain temperature and pressure conditions are met and I don't know how this would be reflected in the Van der Waals calculations... or if Van der Waals is even used in such situations regarding mixed gasses.

    • @PGIFilms
      @PGIFilms 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @Leonhard Euler At the time I originally commented on this video 3 years ago I was actually working on dual Associate degrees in both Accounting and Business Administration. The Business Administration degree required a Science with Lab and I chose Chemistry. My job and my hopes to one day start up my own business lead me down that route, but I always loved science, engineering, and technology. Chemistry was the last set of classes I took in my final semesters and it made me with I had chosen dual Associates in Engineering and Science. Unfortunately I don't have the money to continue with my Bachelor's in Business Administration or to go back and start on a Science and/or Engineering degree. So I've been using TH-cam to continue learning until I can save up and go back to college.
      There are quite a few Chemistry channels on TH-cam that I've found helpful and you may want to check them out. The more "academic" chemistry channels I've watched are Professor Dave Explains (of course), Amoeba Sisters, Bozeman Science, Tyler Dewitt, Periodic Videos, and Khan Academy, but other interesting chemistry channels I've found are Fuse School, Global Education, Nile Red, Nile Blue, Nurd Rage, Cody's Lab, and King of Random.
      I wish I spoke 3 languages. 🙁According to the TH-cam algorithm's suggested videos I'm supposedly fluent in Japanese, Hindi, Korean, Spanish, and Russian 🤔 but like Corbin Dallas I only speak 2 languages: English and Bad English 😜 Here's a question for you about languages... If you know someone from work or school that you know for a fact does not speak (and has never spoken) your native language in real life, if you encounter them in a dream, do they speak fluently in your native tongue or do they still not know it? In the dream encounter do they speak their own language, but you see subtitles in your native language or do they speak as they normally do and you hear and translate their language as you normally would in real life?

    • @PGIFilms
      @PGIFilms 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @Leonhard Euler Well if you're "stupid" for only knowing 3 languages, I'm a Special Ed dropout by comparison.
      If I had to guess based on your TH-cam name using mathematician Leonhard Euler, you are Swiss Science/Math nerd. If the Swiss part is right, there are 4 possible "native" languages: French, German, Italian, and Romansh, with English more common among the German speaking Swiss with some language similarities. Coupled with the languages your multi-lingual friend knows (and 2 of 3 that you say you say you want to learn) French and German, I'm guessing your native language is Romansh and you guys are in northern Switzerland in or near Zurich or Bern perhaps. Granted it could still be Italian, but Swiss pride would keep you from mentioning Italian as being your native language since people would think Italy not Switzerland, and it saves on having to explain the "my native language is Italian, but I'm Swiss" conversation. So, I'm still going with Romansh.
      I took Spanish in high school, but that was decades ago and I forgot most of it. Been trying to learn Japanese (used to be stationed there for 3 years) but it's a whole lot harder than when I tried learning Spanish. Russian is also on my "to learn" list, but at this rate it's a long way off before I try diving into that.
      The problem I find with trying to pick a language to learn is the "sound" of the language. Japanese, Russian, and German "sound" harsh and aggressive. A German, Russian, or Japanese person in a restaurant could say "Oh, you got the Tuesday Special. I got that last week and it was pretty good" but if you don't know German, Russian, or Japanese you might assume they were saying "I can't believe you got order that, it taste like crap and you're an idiot for getting it" all because the language "sounds" hard to the ear. French is just the opposite and "sounds" soft to the ear a French person could say "You should have picked a better looking partner because that is the ugliest baby I've ever seen" but if you don't don't know French you might assume they said "I'm happy for you and your partner you baby is to cute" and I think that's why the French kind of get a way with throwing insults because it "sounds" nice when speaking French.
      th-cam.com/video/td1K15jw0FA/w-d-xo.html
      I chose to try learning Japanese because Japan is a place I'd like to some day go back to and spend considerable time there if possible and I need to know the language to that. If I had to choose between French, Russian, and German and were living in Europe... I'm right there with you and that's definitely tough choice. The two prime motivators for learning another language are basically between "business" and "pleasure" and boils down to basically will the new language let you get/keep a job or let you get/keep a romantic partner.
      In my case I'd lean more towards the latter and between French, Russian, and German girls... I'd have to say it's a close 3-way tie, but girls from Russian-speaking countries (Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Estonia, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, etc.) have a very slight edge in looks over German and French girls... from what I've observed. So, I'd pick Russian (in the off chance I run into Milla Jovovich) over French and German... unless Laetitia Casta or Heidi Klum suddenly are into pudgy science/gamer nerds and show up on my doorstep. 😛
      Sometimes, who you want to get with can help break a tie and make a decision. Look around, which group out of the French, Russian, and German speaking people have the most "hotties" in your area? That's language you can start with.😏

    • @SeniorAtera
      @SeniorAtera 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      The same mind I needed to share with him,thanks again

  • @dhuhaalani6004
    @dhuhaalani6004 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    thank you soo much this is really helpful

  • @itzeliseo6674
    @itzeliseo6674 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Bro you're a saviour ✨ Thank you so much 💕

  • @anshikaprakash9396
    @anshikaprakash9396 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Explained really well👏🙏

  • @UnknowingTio
    @UnknowingTio 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Love your channel, and your new look

  • @KaitlynBakerlolanimegeeks
    @KaitlynBakerlolanimegeeks 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    This made more sense than my own chem class.

  • @MuntasirRahmanAbid
    @MuntasirRahmanAbid 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    why is the actual gas pressure lower than the standard gas pressure?

  • @AlexisGarciaGaona
    @AlexisGarciaGaona 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    nice work dude

  • @toanhien494
    @toanhien494 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    you are the best, thank you.

  • @ranchokastudent1473
    @ranchokastudent1473 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I was able tounderstand thisin 8 minutes thanks to u!!!!

  • @AyeshaAtif-j1v
    @AyeshaAtif-j1v ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much! Great video!

  • @ManojKumar-cj7oj
    @ManojKumar-cj7oj 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Profassor Dave explains ❤️❤️❤️🎩

  • @juancarlosfoust
    @juancarlosfoust 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Bring back the short hair!! Excellent video as always. Thanks Professor Dave.

  • @daniewalks315
    @daniewalks315 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I don't get where you got the #'s from.. like the (0.0821 L atm/mol k)(502 k) ....
    I don't get that at alll

  • @Florfka
    @Florfka 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    professor which unit of volume should be use dm3 of cm3?

  • @kasparcersnakov6151
    @kasparcersnakov6151 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    How is surface area taken into account in van der Waals equation?
    The container of the gas may be a ball, a cube, or a corrugated shape. Shouldn't that lead to different amounts of pressure reduction due to surface effect? Coefficient "a * ( n^2 / V^2 )" seems unrelated to surface area.

    • @dylanelek50
      @dylanelek50 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      No because volume is fixed

  • @KevinNguyen-pu7li
    @KevinNguyen-pu7li 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Shouldn't the constant b to be 22.4L as for any gases 1 mol takes up 22.4L?

    • @aswin1510
      @aswin1510 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      At STP,it can be applied...

  • @jehovahmanorriak1942
    @jehovahmanorriak1942 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    In substitution, why is the universal gas constant R= 8.31J/mol. K altered to 0.0821 and no unit mentioned?

    • @ProfessorDaveExplains
      @ProfessorDaveExplains  4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      They are just different versions of the gas constant, but they are always listed with the relevant units.

    • @ksharshath3890
      @ksharshath3890 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      That 0.0821 has unit of litre bar mol‐¹ kelvin‐¹

  • @michaelk2221
    @michaelk2221 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How do you solve for V? since it exists in multiple places it seems hard

    • @cabbage5114
      @cabbage5114 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      my guess? its going to end up as a very shitty cubic equation.

    • @ridhimabhatt1292
      @ridhimabhatt1292 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@cabbage5114 how did your guess help im dead💀

  • @biirahtinah2985
    @biirahtinah2985 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you very much

  • @vaggs75
    @vaggs75 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hey thanks for the video! Is there a video where you explain how the cubic form is derived? Cause I don't seem to get it. Thanks!

  • @toastedsniper9248
    @toastedsniper9248 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    great vid! thanks.

  • @blueberry._.6566
    @blueberry._.6566 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you so much dave that was extremely helpful !

  • @bartonpaullevenson3427
    @bartonpaullevenson3427 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Isn't it pronounced "Van der Vaals?" Or is Dutch different from German that way? I honestly don't know.

    • @ProfessorDaveExplains
      @ProfessorDaveExplains  5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      hmm, i've never heard it that way, but i suppose it's possible we've americanized it.

    • @ramenking4010
      @ramenking4010 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Dutch person here, its not pronounced van der vaals, its van der Waals, although ofcourse you guys americanize the pronunciation the W does not turn into a V in dutch :)

  • @muhammadwalid4753
    @muhammadwalid4753 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Why is the n squared though

  • @manjubala4833
    @manjubala4833 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Nice video

  • @nataliavillalobos2201
    @nataliavillalobos2201 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Omg you are the best !!!

  • @faithm2001
    @faithm2001 5 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    THE HAIRCUT

  • @estonijoypillo
    @estonijoypillo 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Your hair suits you Professor Dave! 👍

  • @rassimsimou1594
    @rassimsimou1594 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Good

  • @normanavila6217
    @normanavila6217 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hey, after watching videos for last 6 months, nice hair cut!!!

  • @intelligentmind5028
    @intelligentmind5028 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks

  • @musick4288
    @musick4288 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    FACT: Professor Dave Explains Team decided to cut his hair because the audience keeps having fun of it. And for the audience to not be distracted by it.

  • @aqsashabbir2728
    @aqsashabbir2728 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Sir you are looking handsome in this hair cut

  • @khezrshouraki7937
    @khezrshouraki7937 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    excellent

  • @gentlyschannel4193
    @gentlyschannel4193 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Your going to have people wondering why you chose to compare waters intermolecular interactions in a gas law tutorial 😆

  • @mariontranquillero4833
    @mariontranquillero4833 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Happy World Teachers' Dayyyy!!!!!!! 💖💖🎉😆

  • @swethass551
    @swethass551 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Best one

  • @richietozier5123
    @richietozier5123 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    its great!

  • @chiskylomo
    @chiskylomo 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    he is good

  • @eduardogaldino8432
    @eduardogaldino8432 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    What happen? You look different!

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    @prabalacharya4526 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wow!

  • @Freak.pharma1
    @Freak.pharma1 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank u but you look so different in this time 😄😃😃😅

  • @agamcheema8176
    @agamcheema8176 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    hairrrrrrrr??? btw thanks!

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    @UltimateNiTU 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    💟

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    @nylaloveJesus2956 ปีที่แล้ว

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  • @s0cialwolf
    @s0cialwolf 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    He looks like Ranveer Kapoor.

  • @LegendofCoc
    @LegendofCoc 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Maskin e du wallah

  • @gabriellepadley6031
    @gabriellepadley6031 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Damn, daddy

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    @monarcque 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    zaddy

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    @yien2159 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    😍

  • @kalindalaajay1886
    @kalindalaajay1886 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    He's no Jesus anymore

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    @shioushyammishra765 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    First

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    @ritvikrao6760 ปีที่แล้ว

    why is sooo sad and dead

  • @asmasuhail5079
    @asmasuhail5079 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'd subscribe this man a thousand time if I could, so sooo helpful 🤍

  • @stretchdaddy163
    @stretchdaddy163 4 ปีที่แล้ว +17

    What happened to your hair chemistry Jesus 🤯🤯🤯🤯😱😂