Pneumatic Valves and Fittings: More Complicated Than You Might Expect
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 26 ก.พ. 2020
- Today we're taking a closer look at pneumatic valves and fittings. We'll look at different configurations of pneumatic solenoid valves, show how to read valve diagrams, talk about different pneumatic fitting threads, and show how to connect a double-acting cylinder.
Some of the stuff in this video:
*This site contains affiliate links for which I may be compensated
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Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Power Supply (Amazon*): amzn.to/2FHtSfz
5-Way 2-Position 24V Pneumatic Solenoid Valve (Amazon*): amzn.to/2tQE3ft
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California Air Tools Ultra Quiet 2HP Compressor (Amazon*): amzn.to/2TQ926q
Yes, the wonderful thing about standards is that there are SO MANY OF THEM!!
Just need to add one more to unify them all... Then we have one more.
Doesn't help one country clutching to it's ancient measurement units "because freedom".
@@brynyard Most scientists, engineers, and industrialists can use both and have tools to do so. It's not us, it's the State.
SlamminGraham Not quite, most scientists, industrialists and other professionals just use metric, even in the US. Quite simply because thats the most sensible choice.
Great video as always, thanks from Norway 😀😀
Fantastic video. Something I appreciated was that you got right into the content. This video is 31 minutes long with 30 minutes of useful information.
Hi James. I stand corrected! I was one who (nicely!) said BSPT would not fit into NPTS. Well done with the Fusion model, difficult to argue with that. BobUK
Just because they fit, doesn't mean they're made for one another. BSPP will fit NPS because they're both parallel fittings that aren't tapered. The ½" and ¾" both have the same tpi, but other aspects aren't the same. The BSPP/BSPT thread form is 55° Whitworth, and NPT/NPS is standard 60°. They are different for a reason, but you can get them to seal in a pinch.
Thank God you're back. I was having separation anxiety attacks.
I appreciate the minutiae of something that can tend to be overlooked and simplified. Thanks
Exhaust port silencers also serve another purpose and that is to isolate the valve spool from debris.
The first valve you showed the drawing for was a mismatch. The drawing was for a Direct Acting valve where the coil acts directly on the valve spool. Often used in low pressure situations and/or situations where a venting of the air/gas/fluid is un desirable. Think a propane/water valve.
A suggestion for your spindle project. It appears like you intend to use a 5/2 spring return for the knockout draw bar control. This can cause problems with a tool change if there is an interruption of valve control. this can end with tools being retained in the spindle and damage to tool holders and change gear. At the very least a 5/2 memory valve will hold position until commanded. Ideal for knockout/draw bar applications. This will require a second output to drive the additional coil but in operation will prove it's worth. I would also suggest a Quick exhaust valve be fitted to the return side of the knockout cylinder to allow it to move as quickly as possible when compressing the springs on the draw bar to release the tool from the spindle. These are usually drawn as an OR valve with an attached silencer but not always. In certain markets there are particular definitions of stop states of machinery and occasionally they would require a 5/3 spring center valve or even a 5/3 spring center detent valve used instead depending on machinery state or how the regulation/guideline is written. Not really relevant for a home shop though. Another tip if you use a valve for an air blast in the spindle also use a QEV to prevent valve spool contamination. This is also good practice for coolant/air mixing for spray coolant.
Cheers
They need to be color coded or some kind of symbol. Threads and fittings are a pain!
thank you for that video, I'm taking an engineering class and I'm prototyping with a pneumatic cylinder. The cylinder fittings have been so confusing, and when I finally ordered it, I remembered in a video by Fright Props that he used a pressure regulator thing. This video cleared up so much.
As a career EE, I find the electro-mechanical valve schematics possibly the least intuitive of all industry.
Me too.
I will second that.
Amen!
lol, EE's....
EE here too, not sure how much that matters... 😂 . Hydraulic schematics from what I recall are pretty similar to this. Of course once he started talking about it it took me a minute to remember that each block is a different state.
Great instruction of something that is usually frustrated; when working with these fittings. Thank you so much James. You cleared up a lot when it comes to pneumatic fittings.
However, and with NO disrespect at all intended; one NEEDS to understand that there is a "manual" control of these solenoids too. IE: 1. A little colored button can be turned (for air direction) and "pushed" in, to momentarily control air direction. 2. The manufactures ship the electrical connection installed inward of the valve, to protect it and shorten the length of the box. Thus the electrical fitting needs to be re-installed outward of the valve when used; so the electrical connection does not interfere with the button and/or the air fittings.
For whatever its worth. Again, no disrespect. You are a genius and helluva an instructor.
I’m glad you always seem to be working on something that relates to something I’m working on at the moment too. I like how you really get into the technicalities.
Thanks for the videos!
I'm thrilled you decided to post again. Especially this topic. Great to have you back so soon!
Thanks for the follow up! Especially because your doing this all for us and it only slows you down to do a follow up.
Welcome back! Very comprehensive explanation. The mufflers also keep from pulling particulate into the spool and jamming up the valve. Thanks for sharing!
Thank you for furthering my education in pneumatics.
Cheers
Excellent explanation, This makes sense now, having things that have been confusing for so many years, and never really taking the time to get educated on it, your video has educated me in less time then imagined it would take, and the knowledge seems thorough. Thank you
You're the MAN for a junior mechanical designer like me! Thank you!!
Great to see you back at it, looking forward to the rest of the ATC spindle project.
Perfect timing! Welcome back!
Welcome back, missed your TH-cam presence , nice video, thanks.
First video of yours that I've watched. Subscribed afterwards. Thank you for sharing your time, knowledge and experience in such a clear and concise video. Simply excellent.
We’ll explained, thank you for all the time spent making and editing this video!
Good work James, you have cleared a lot of confusing for me in pneumatics, thanks a lot..
Wow!!! Such a great introduction to the topic! I’ve always wanted a simple breakdown like this, but still so rich with info. Woo hoo. Thank you Sir!!
Very helpful explanation, thank you! That shed light on many things about threads for me.
Thanks for the video! Your content and production is top notch. I always enjoy watching your videos.
Excellent!
I was confident they were G-type fittings but my confidence was ill placed so thanks for the tutorial!
Looking forward to the rest of the project.
Welcome back James.
Don'tcha just love standards... you know, the different ones that are almost compatible, but never are?
Glad to see you again, and please keep on doing what you do.
Thank you James for the Video and yes I have found in the past of the different configurations of pipe thread and hyd fitting e.g. ISO or SAE or Sometimes proprietary threads.
Keep up with the Gread work here on TH-cam channel.
Thank you for your presentation. I enjoyed it and learned from your comments.
I had a company in Australia making Brass fittings, there is more to BSP than you may think, Bspp - for free running nuts on Parallel threads, Bsppl - slightly undersized thread for female threaded fittings meant to accept Bspt male threads, Bspt for - male tapered threads
I just spent two days learning all about fittings for pneumatic solenoids and learning to read the schematic diagrams of these valves. If I had found this video, I could have done all that in half an hour. Thanks!
Thank you for covering this. Will store the info for later usage.
Excellent tutorial! Please keep it coming.
Good video. I'm trying to part together a tool that I bought from a supplier that went out of business. I got most of the parts and this is helping me put to gather the rest.
James, I _really_ appreciate the thorough treatment you give your topics. I sure could have used this a year ago when I installed my ATC spindle :-)
Good stuff, I am sure you just saved 1000 future headaches !
I finally understand air solenoids, thanks
Thanks for the fantastic video and thorough explanation!
Glad to see you back. 👍
Thanks James. Well explained.
Excellent, tapered thread in a tapered hole :-) A well made and superb training video, thank you.
I was confused by the tapered-parallel mix up on a Chinese air compressor. Drove me crazy. I really appreciate your timely and very good explanation.
Great information on the valves. The fusion360 model was a nice illustration!
Another great video and very informative
Very informative video and very well done. Thanks.
All your videos, Well done.
Very important concept thank you
New subscriber. Great explanation. Thanks for your work and time.
Very educational. Thank you 🙂
Nice and clear explanation. I am subscribing to your channel
Thanks for the great video!!!
God bless you
Yet another great video. Thanks for sharing!
thanks. great info. I could have used it a few years ago when I was converting my machine
Estoy maravillado con sus videos y ,me asombra su capacidad en multiples areas (Diseño, Electricidad, electronica, metalmecanica, CNC, neumatica y quien sabe cuantas mas) Felicitaciones.
very good video..thanks for your time
Quick tip, that blue button on the valves let’s manually actuate the valves without the solenoid. Extremely helpful when troubleshooting pneumatic systems.
amazing content
Great video, thank you so much
awesome video, thank you 👌👌👍
Thanks for another very informative video. Over a year ago I was trying to put a valve on my air compressor and couldn't get it to seal well. I finally gave up and it has a small leak still. No I'm going to go back and verify what kind of fittings and threads I have.
Great explanation James, as usual. My dream is that in a generation or so, the world will be using ISO standard fittings for everything and that the need for learning this kind of stuff will be history.
Very nice
And very very interested
Good job sir ...🤝🤝🤝
Thanks for the teaching
keep up the good work
Good job. Thanks
awesome video
Great video
Very good! Thank you.
Great video!
To add insult to injury, 1/2"NPT and 1/2"BSPP have the same 14TPI pitch so you can't use a thread pitch gauge to quickly distinguish between the two. :-) Fun!
That is one of the easiest to distinguish between. BSPP is a parallel thread, and doesn't taper like an NPT thread. You can just lib at them and see they're different. The NPT vs BSP (BSPT) are hard to differentiate; since they're both tapered. Also, NPS vs BSPP are hard to differentiate because they're both parallel.
Well I didn't see the first video but this was interesting and very helpful. Thank's.
Thank you so much!
Thank you!
Canadian here, you convince me to build it all in metric like 94.7% of the world’s population.
You seem smart. I'm confident if you lived in a place where everything in the local hardware store is imperial and everything metric is special-order and three times as expensive, you could figure it out.
Yes, The "P" port needs to go OUT. LOL Sorry couldn't resist. Love the vids James. Keep them coming.
Good to know, I keep it to metrics.
I like the Knipex Pliers Wrench.
This video is a real skill builder, THANK YOU! Well laid out- lit and shot and very thorough. This is a great starting point and opens new doors in the world of mechanics and electronics for me. How did you shoot this between the two cameras and the audio? It's very seamless and nice. Did you have two cameras running at the same time, and one of them on your chest or something?
I generally roll three or four cameras simultaneously I shot this particular video with two GoPro cameras, one on each side, and a Sony a7iii overhead with a 90mm macro lens, pointing straight down. Audio comes from a Sennheiser wireless lav and is recorded on a Zoom H4n audio recorder. Everything is synchronized and edited together in post, with color correction to match the cameras and basic dynamic compression to smooth out the audio. Sometimes it's just simple cutting between angles, but sometimes I end up overlapping audio and video out of sequence when it makes things clearer.
Nice video.
Thanks a lot.
Welcome back!
How can it be called a "standard" when there are so many of them and lots of ways to get it wrong?!! LOL! Great job explaining this confusing topic, super high quality production as always!!
A standard only means, that something is officially defined. Not that it should be a simple system
Thank you! : )
Superb sir
Might I add that metered ports are a godsend for actuated piston seal, o-ring, and internal 'bumper'/cushion long life.
Thank you!!!!
I'm the factory who supplying these air valves and fitting,so I have more experience.Currently we supply all air fittings to US market is NPT thread and UK AUSTRAILIA market IN BSP thread.But we make most valves ports in parallel female,because usually 80% of the customers can't choose a correct fitting type,they just using what they bought and screw in the valve ports.A tapered thread can use onto a paralle female thread if you can accept a bit of leakage but the valves would work normally. Some strict customer will mention thread type when ordering,but if they don't have special requirement,we will make all female threads Parallel.
That's disappointing. If I understand correctly, you're saying that most people don't know how to specify what they need, so in response you use defaults that will fit together, but won't seal properly?
the main problem i see in air fitting complaints is usually around the taper vs parallel. Parallel requires an o -ring and most users seem to assume a taper and just use teflon tape. That is where the problem comes in. Teflon can accidentally seal a parallel thread, but really it should be sealed by an o-ring and a machined face. The NPT fitting has no o-ring, nor a smooth face to accept an added o-ring. Eventually, it starts to leak.
Most of this I knew. The rendering of the tapered British in in american strait hole was really interesting to see just how perfectly they nearly fit.
Until recently, Factories, ships, even nuclear reactors were regulated with pneumatic systems. When one studied "Instrumentation and Control technology" You studied pneumatic control systems. And yes it can get VERY complicated.
Great video. There should be more like this. May I add a few comments that may help your viewers. All circuits ( pneumatic and hydraulic) should be drawn in the deactivated state with no electric, hydraulic or pneumatic power applied. Adding the hoses to your diagrams would help greatly and be less confusing to some. BSP is often referred to as G (gas). The term Teflon tape should not be used. The word Teflon is a trade name of the DuPont Company. It should be referred to as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). You would not want to get sued by DuPont. Also hydraulic circuits and pneumatic circuits can look almost identical. Can you point out how to differentiate the two as pneumatic and hydraulics can be used in the same circuit. Cheers.
In an application where you might have quite longer connection lines the "mufflers" does make a bit more sense, since there will be a greater volume of air that has to depressurise/flow through the exhaust ports.
....And he smacks the trolls down hard! Bam! People driving a couch. Just ignore them.
I like it when the retailers only say 1/8" or 1/4", no other info; you get good at feeling out which actual type it is after a while, a bit like eye-balling Allen-key sizes.
We also used variable exhaust valves, to slow the speed of vale movement, to make it less violent. And think about running your exhaust valves to outside of the enclosure, so it doesn't leave oil from air, inside enclosures, or pressurise inside of enclosure.
There aren't any machines that are air tight. (Definitely not air tight enough where venting pressurized air would be of any concern.)
Thanks for the great video, I have a side question what equipment you used for the book zoom in?
Love the videos! Curious if you have put any thought into how to mitigate the aerated coolant getting everywhere sinve your enclosure isnt enclosed. Nyc cnc just put up a video and brought back memories of leaving the shop every night with a light coat of coolant from getting in the air. Thanks again for the great content
Fox has an excellent video on this and a great solution
th-cam.com/video/Kjlw5i2_nmc/w-d-xo.html
Love the video, Could you please give me the link of the book you showed in the video?
Exelente
The reason only one side of the diagram is labeled is to show its "normal" state, the position in which the valve is in with no external forces. In the case of your valves it shows the state where the solenoid is in the off state and the spring is pressed against the spool.
Thanks for the video. Those are nice alligator power leads. Link?
Hello James. This video is dated 2yrs. Yep Keith from Michigan and I worked with valve logic systems. My gosh I hated to have to trouble shoot them. Versus electrical controls. As making a service call. The very first question I asked (I was darn frank) Why did you move ANY pneumatic tubing from its original location????