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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 ก.ย. 2024
- The Lancasters were organized into three groups. Formation 1 was to attack the Moehne and after that, aircraft still with bombs would attack the Eder. Formation 2 was to attack the Sorpe. The third group was a mobile reserve, it would take off two hours later and bomb as directed, either attacking the main dams or bombing smaller dams at Schwelm, Ennepe and Diemel.
The operations room for the mission was at 5 Group headquarters in Grantham. The codes, transmitted in morse, for the mission were agreed on as Goner for bomb dropped, Nigger for the Moehne breached, Dinghy for the Eder breached and ?? for the Sorpe breached. The Nigger code was after Gibson's black dog that had been run-over and killed on the morning of the 17th.
The aircraft flew two routes, carefully skirting known flak hot spots, and no more than 75 feet (25 m) off the ground. Formation 1 entered continental Europe between Walcheren and Schouwen, crossed Holland, skirting the airbases at Eindhoven and Gilze-Rijen, curved round the Ruhr defenses and turned north to avoid Hamm before turning to head south to the Moehne. Formation 2 flew further northwards, cutting over Vieland and crossing the Zuider Zee before joining the first route near Wesel and then flying south beyond the Moehne to the Sorpe.
Formation 1 was of nine aircraft in three groups - Gibson, Hopgood, Martin; Young, Astell, Maltby; and Maudslay, Knight, Shannon. Formation 2 was of five aircraft, those of McCarthy, Byers, Barlow, Rice and Munro. Formation 3 consisted of the aircraft of Townsend, Brown, Ottley and Burpee. Two crews were unable to make the mission because of illness.
The first aircraft, those of Formation 2 and heading for the longer northern route, took off at 21:10, McCarthy's aircraft had a hydraulics fault and he took off in a reserve craft twenty minutes late. Formation 1 took off from 21:25.
The first casualties were taken soon after the craft reached the Dutch coast. Formation 2 didn't fare well: Munro's aircraft lost his radio to flak and turned back over the Zuyder Zee while Rice flew too low and lost his bomb in the water but recovered the aircraft to return to base. The aircraft of both Barlow and Byers crossed over the coast around Harderwijk and were shot down shortly thereafter. Only the tardy aircraft of McCarthy survived across Holland. Formation 1 lost only Astell, somewhere over Rosendaal.
Formation 1 arrived over Moehne Lake and Gibson's aircraft (G for George) bombed first. Hopgood (M for Mother) attacked second. Hopgood's aircraft was hit by flak as it made its low-level run and was then caught in the blast of its own bomb and destroyed. Martin (P for Peter) bombed third; his aircraft was hit but made a successful attack. Then Young (A for Apple) made a successful run and after him Maltby (J for Johnny) and then, finally, the dam was breached. Gibson then led Young, Shannon, Maudslay and Knight to the Eder.
The Eder valley was heavily fogged but not defended. The tricky topology of the surrounding hills made the approach difficult and the first aircraft, Shannon's, made six runs before taking a break. Maudslay (Z for Zebra) then attempted a run but the bomb struck the top of the dam and the aircraft was caught in the blast. Shannon made another run and successfully dropped his bomb and the final bomb of the formation, from Knight's aircraft, breached the dam.
McCarthy (T for Tom) reached the Sorpe alone. It was the least likely to be breached - a vast earth dam rather than the two concrete structures successfully attacked. Despite the mist and ill-placed hills, McCarthy's aircraft successfully dropped its bomb but did not breach the dam. Three of the reserve aircraft were directed to the Sorpe, Burpee (S for Sugar) never reached the dam. Brown (F for Freddy) reached the dam and in increasingly dense mist finally dropped his bomb without breaking the dam. Anderson (Y for Yorker) arrived last and the mist was too dense for him to even attempt the run. The remaining two aircraft were sent to subsidiary targets, Ottley (C for Charlie) was shot down en route while Townsend (O for Orange) successfully dropped his bomb on the Ennepe.
On the way back, only one further aircraft was lost, that of Young which was hit by flak and crashed into the sea just off the cost of Holland. In all, 53 of the 133 aircrew were killed and three bailed out to be made POWs.
Damn the noisy and totally unecessary music, why do video makers plaster an otherwise excellent and serious depiction of this nature with damned noisy stupid music, this movie is for adults, Not Teeny Boppers.
Good doc/ vid apart from the orchestral over the top noise, the sound of lancs IS music 🎶🎵👌
Nice war crime you’ve got there. Remind who was actually killed because if this again?
If you wish to make a comment like this,please have the decency to use correct English language and grammar,while berating these brave men who gave their lives, so people like you could be free to make statements like this
Both middle fingers to you.
The victims of the Nazis were all over Germany, and some were in a slave labour camp down-steam of these dams.
The Germans made very thorough records of who and what died or was destroyed, down to each and every farmer, slave labourer, train crew, factory worker, cow, horse, goat, cat and dog.
The land covered in gravel and mud and unable to be farmed was accounted for, the houses even slightly damaged, the anti-aircraft gunners, the soldiers on and within the dams, all 57 of the RAF crewmen that died, they even listed the two people killed when a bouncing bomb recovered after a crash was investigated and detonated accidentally the next day.
It's easily discovered, you have the entire internet and many historical records at your fingertips.
darn dog was called what it was called. enuf already.
In 1942...
"How many guns do you think there are?" "Say about ten guns, some on the field, some on the towers" - stolen nearly word for word straight into Star Wars by George Lucas.
The trench run itself was inspired by the canyon attack from 633 Squadron.
True.
No 633 was later and fictitious, but good! 617 s was earlier and true. Rgds Colin
@@colinrunciman5166 qq
@@colinrunciman5166 qq
Just making sure you understand because many people don't. I've learned not to use racial slurs at all. After all all races have beautiful women.lol I'm not all guns, bombs,rockets and flamethrowers you know lol
Fantastic film my all time favourite and the fact that Richard Todd is one of the most handsome men I have ever seen makes the watch even more enjoyable.
Lol right, it's called that because of the dog's name... Sure
Of course that's why 😉 🤦♂️
At 3:34 it say Sargent Douglas took a bath as part of the preflight good luck rituals. I was a USN Naval Aircrewman and I had almost the same ritual. I could NOT go flying without a shower and good shave. I wanted to be clean if I crashed and was recovered.
You think you have problems with the dog's name? Dammit, he referred to a koala as a bear!! Any fool knows that it's a marsupial!!
Love your colonial humor, you're be deeper than a Gold mine, if I make a mess of this! 633 over Scotland.
Gibby was fine, that morning he wrote all letters back, thinking all letters back to there families
ÓTIMO DOCUMENTÁRIO, BRASIL OK.
Some of them barely out of their teens.
5:25 I just barely noticed the people in the background by the tree line on the right side.
The strength and concentration of these pilots fllying at such a low level for hours is almost unbelievable💪
617 i mean
3:05 The film blooped there. None of the Chastise Lancasters had 50-cal Brownings.
5:55 Astell was in Gibson's wave and was the only one lost on the way to the target. This commentator has already said that Astell hit a power pylon, so he wasn't shot down, was he?
The plane that touched the surface of the Zuider Zee inside the Netherlands and lost their bomb, nearly drowning the rear gunner also wasn't shot down.
It returned home, so it was even less of a loss to the Dams mission than Astell and his crew.
The third wave lost four out of five aircraft before reaching any target, only one bombed, and that was the Bever dam by German records (easily discovered), but recorded as the Enneppe dam in the book written later, and not mentioned in the film at all.
Of the six main targets, four were attacked and two breached, with the Sorpe being lightly damaged and the Bever dam slightly damaged.
Both pilots hands being on the throttle at 4:35 was interesting to watch. I didn't know they were already doing that.
The Lancaster didn't have two pilots, none of the RAF heavy bombers did. They had a Flight Engineer instead, he had no flying training.
@@markstratton1679 The Stirlings had two pilots. Lancasters were so easy to fly that on many occasions, with a pilot dead or too wounded to fly the aircraft, it was brought back by another crew member.
@@MarsFKA not quite. All RAF medium and heavy bombers carried 2 pilots until 1942, that is the Wellington, Whitley and Stirling, the Hampden had no room.
The crew were multifunctional, the "Observer" was both the bomb aimer and navigator, the Wireless Operator was also a gunner (known as a WAG!). in 1942 it was decided that the new heavy bombers were so complex that specialist crew members were introduced, the most obvious being the Flight Engineer who replaced the second pilot. This also freed up trained pilots to fly aircraft of their own, Arthur Harris was delighted!
The position of Observer was removed (although those with the winged "O" continued to wear it) and the positions of Navigator, Bomb Aimer, Wireless Operator (now known as a WOP) were introduced.
FYI, the Stirling was considered by many to be the easiest of the 3 "heavies" to fly. AS for many instances of a crew member flying a Lancaster back to base I have personally read of 2 and neither could land it. Perhaps you could enlighten us all of these other deeds?
B for Baker? Surely it was B for Bertie
In one squadron Gibson flew with before he took over 617, the code name for that letter was B for Beer.
That radio language began in WWI with Ack-Ack for A and Beer-Beer for B, and other variations.
By WWII, there were several of these radio methods in use, most countries had more than one, such as USAAC and USN having different ones, and the British RAF had a few variations, as it had been often updated.
WWII included A-Apple, A-Able, L-Leather not L-Lima, and T-Tare, U-Uncle for example.
Post-WWII there was an attempt to make this standard within the English language, but it still varied over time, up until the present version.
Why they didn’t use Torpedo? It was much easier.
Large nets were in place to prevent a torpedo like weapon, that's why they needed a bomb to skip over the surface of the water, and therefore over the protective nets.
The bouncing bomb, in 'Highball' form (Speedee in the US) was also much faster than a torpedo to hit a ship, and much harder to dodge.
Good Show But Don't You Know It's Bad Luck to Name a Dog the N - Word? May He R.I.P.
There is only one connotation of that word and it's racial. Brown skin, brown dog and then there is the era of open inequality among races. Sorry , but there is no cleaning that up.
At the time this event took place , Nigger was not in the least racial ! Not was it intended be ! Is Black racial , Brown ? Olive , yellow ?
racial inequality rmaol untill it comes to throwing out taxpayers money by gvt desk jockeys,