What is CURRENT- electric current explained, electricity basics
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 ต.ค. 2024
- What is electric current, in this video we learn what is electric current covering amps, coulombs, voltage, parallel and series circuits, multimeters, resistors, fuses and circuit breakers to learn how electricity works.
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isn't the circuit breaker at the end of the video a specific type, namely a gfci circuit breaker, a type older homes don't have
I learnt something new in this channel
Thank you sir
Minute 9:12, does the position of the Resistor matter? I mean given the flow direction, should the resistor be between the input and the LED lamp, so it will slow doen the current before it reaches to the lamp, or does it not matter? When not, how and why? Maybe someone wll explain, thank you!
My son loves your vids
I love how every video continues to define the basics to let the viewer keep up or recall them before explaining a more complex concept
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Sir make whole series on basic electricity and do it as playlist
praveen sagar no mames guey
praveen sagar I think he listened lol awesome 👏🏻
@@whit6282 he's indian, not mexican
IH8U ?
Really even I'm waiting for this
You all are the sole reason I’m passing my classes
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@@jogreeen Electrons don't have a fixed speed...
What year is this for????
I dont know😂
Man did I luck out. I was on a little wikipedia-train going through articles on electricity, as my understanding isn't super great (physics was my worst class in high school). I came to youtube to look for 'how does a transformer work', found your video, and come to find this series of videos that is actively being uploaded (this specific video is a day old). Crazy luck.
Also, 'All the power!'.
Glad you enjoyed. Well spotted 😉
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Great videos paul. Im a master electrician in the usa. Iwas trying to explain transformers to my apprentice and realized i had a lot of questions. This is your fourth video ive watched, you do a great job of using language and analogies that anybody can understand. Keep up the great work mate
Jeff Eisenmenger
Could you answer this question, I need it for homework and I just can’t get it. How is Electric Current generated in simple words?
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@@MichaelJ44 Current always rises when the resistance drops which is why short circuit is so dangerous since there is no resistance. The higher the resistence the lower the current and the higher the voltage the higher the current's potential. It is a side effect basically of resistance and voltage.
@@MichaelJ44 spin the magnets
@@ashnite2235 SPREAD
UHHHH ME
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I'm learning to be an electrician, and these videos are extremely helpful! Thank you so much for making these . :)
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5:04 For clarification, isn't an amp equal to 1C/1s, and thus a Coulomb equal to 1A*1s? The on-screen text seems to indicate the opposite relationship
mjchmara1 it looks like a typo. It should read: One Amp = One Coulomb per Second and 1 Coulomb = approx 6,000,000,000,000,000,000 electrons. Well spotted...
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I wish my teacher was like you, giving simple examples to understand it well. Thank you :)
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4:02 There's an error: in the video, you've said that you convert AC to DC using an inverter.
That is wrong. You convert DC to AC using an inverter. AC to DC is converted using a rectifier.
Albert Ong yea I just caught that to
Ｙｅｈ
How do u know that on a beginner's vid wth
@@ognoobish I know right
Did it occur to you that maybe he is not a beginner?
This is a really good video series. I have a degree in Electrical Engineering and found practical things in them I did not know or fully understand. I hate to nitpick, but there is one concept with which I must take exception. That is the depiction of current as physical electrons racing through the conductor at tremendous speeds. It is the electromagnetic wave propagation that moves at incredibly high speeds of approximately 0.9c. In fact, the electrons merely "drift" at about 1mm/sec. I have not watched all of your videos, so I apologize if you have made this distinction elsewhere. Otherwise, keep up the good work.
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Very well explained, the main thing is that u made this videos in a graphical representation which is very helpful to remember
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Great video, but a few inaccuracies: E.g. "One Ampere is equal to one Coulomb" is an unfortunate way to put it - as Coulomb is charge, not current. It is claimed (in the same slide) that one Coulomb is equal to a certain number of electrons per second. No, that is current, not charge. This ought to be corrected, as is very basic and confusing for people who are learning electronics.
An inverter converts DC to AC (4.04): The graphics is correct, but the commentary describes it as a rectifier, not an inverter.
Great work guys. I am studying for my physics test in electrodynamics and you guys managed to explain to me in 11 minutes what my teacher wasn't able to do in a week. Greeting from Croatia !
EE student here. This is one of the best channels on youtube when it comes to fundamentals of DC and AC
Dear Sir... very good videos. Thumbs up. A bit correction at minute 5:03. 1 Amp is not equal to 1 Coulomb. It is equal to 1 Coulomb per second. I = Q/t
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To the derivative of q I guess
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3 ampéres = 1,8726x10^19 electróes/segundo e não 1,93x10^19.OK?!
Espero que me diga se estou certo ou estou errado.
Muito obrigado. Abraço de Portugal.
Case1: If we place 2 resistor in parallel of same value.(1k0hm)
Case2: If we place place 3 resistor of same value.(1kohm).
Which case draws more current from battery.
Sure!
Mufakkir Hussain did you figured it out? If yes, what is the answer? Thanks
@@mufakkirhussain2816 Case 2 if the resistors are placed in parallel
Thank you for all your videos. I am an old Spanish student who was struggling to understand electricity in my engineering course and I can assure you that I understand a lot more with your English videos than with my Spanish lessons at school. Thanks a lot!..oh and...All the power!
I never understood electricity until this video. Thank you
same here
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I watched almost all the video I found In engineering mindset🤩🤩🤩,very greary
Your all videos are really very usefull.
easy explanations.
keep it up 👍
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Thanks a bunch. Seriously, I have an interview coming up as a solar tech, and need to brush up on my acdc electrical theory. Along with other sources I've used, this was a great help!
Dude I've had only a vague understanding of what electrical current is for years... Just hearing an explanation that describes amps by the number of electrons per second makes *everything* make so much sense now.
Excellent videos and excellent graphics. Really makes a difficult subject easier to understand. Thanks!
You’re videos are rad and you explain electricity so well. You make it easy. It’s a good refresher and a good beginners video. Thank you
Thanks a lot for this video!!! People have been wanting to figure out how to get more voltage out of a solar cell or battery. Well that can't actually be done, but we can make them appear like they are providing more voltage using a current amplifier added. It is similar to how capacitors appear to pass AC electricity, but actually they don't. I drew two schematic diagrams and will get back to you on this idea of mine after testing it. If successful, a 6 volt battery will do what a 12 volt battery can do! 💯💰🙏
My experiment was a success saving as much as 61.9% current when applying 7.53 volts (from a variable DC Power Supply) to a 12 volt DC automotive bulb. Capacitance maximum value changes each time the input voltage changes and also maybe the total impedance of the load device connected to the input source.
All the power
I've watched your videos on testing AA batteries - great stuff. You suggest using a 100 ohm resistor with a multimeter; but I find there are 1/4w and 1/2w resistors. Does it make any difference which resistor I use?
Awesome video!
Never seen somebody so capable of explaining engineering concepts so well.
Very useful thank you man
i love these plumbing analogies, thinking about electricity as water makes it very easy to understand.
Great video, except for the ending. A circuit breaker exists to prevent fires, not to save your life from electrocution. I don’t want anyone to think that you can’t be hurt because a circuit breaker will save them.
I was arguing with my teacher about this. And he said that, technically it is true that the interrupter breaks the circuit due to an increase in current. It's just due to a ground fault instead of an overcurrent. But I would say that such a detail should be mentioned when talking to the audience of these kinds of videos.
Broskii American bathroom outlets are legally required to have breakers in them that trigger when you shock yourself lol
@@jasisonee that part was unclear to me. Why touching the live wire will increase the current? Shouldn't the body add an extra resistance lowering the current?
@@donka86 Yes, the Body does add resistance but it is in parallel so the total resistance goes down.
@@jasisonee Why does the human body add resistance in parallel?
You make elecrtricity more simple to understand thank you
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These videos are fantastic. They help pull back the veil on electical science that to this point has remained a vague mystery to me, starting with why doesn't electricity leak out of the living room wall socket? Now things make sense.
But question: isn't large scale long distance electrical transmission performed using DC?
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well, sometimes. AC is still used more widely though since it's easier to step up/down
top notch quality videos! congrats and thank you
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Brief, to the point and easy. Thank you
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Just to point out @4.04 is convert DC to AC using inverter
Power inverter video here th-cam.com/video/iIqhAX0I7lI/w-d-xo.html
Rectifier video here th-cam.com/video/RiRyzLl4Y8U/w-d-xo.html
The best channel about eletronic, my God!!! *-*
*summary:*
- electrical current is just electrons moving along a wire
- voltage drives an electrical current
- DC is when electrons flow in the same direction
- AC is when they alternate their direction
- you can use an inverter to convert AC to DC
- make a resistor the weak point in your circuit to prevent other parts from burning out (these are called fuses)
Incorrect. A resistor and a fuse are very different. A resistor brings current and voltage to a specific point while a fuse is a safeguard that blows when the limit is reached.
@@Rexaurus Are you sure about this? Couldn't I just use an LED (which is a resistor - heats up in response to electron flow and as a result emits light) as a fuse? If I push too much current through my circuit, the LED will burn out, thus protecting the rest of my circuit. I don't really see what makes a fuse a fuse? Aren't they simply resistors internally?
Power inverter video here th-cam.com/video/iIqhAX0I7lI/w-d-xo.html
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This is so beautifully explained
Deserve WOW. Great videos simple but complex. Btw, why is higher voltage less amp and low voltage more amps?
This is the case when you consider Power (P) to be constant. Because P = V * I, if you increase voltage V, current I needs to decrease (for the same amount of power. For example, a 60W lamp designed to work with 240V will require half of the current than a 60W lamp designed to work with 120V. But, keep in mind that for THE SAME lamp, if you increase the applied voltage, its current will also increase (you will get more power).
Mohd Azmeer Well, that’s not strictly correct. From ohm’s law, increasing the voltage will increase the current and decreasing it will reduce the current and that’s the way to think about it. If it is a 120v circuit with a 60w lamp, increasing or decreasing the voltage will increase and decrease the current, just the same as the 240v circuit.
However, for the same power, if the voltage is reduced then the current has to increase I = P/V
A transformer is a good example of reducing or increasing the voltage. Say the voltage In is 240v in and 120v out. If the power in, equals the power out then
P = Vin x In = Vout x Iout
60 = 240 x 0.25 = 120 x 0.5
So reducing the voltage, increases the current for the same power and increasing the voltage decreases the current for the same power.
However, do not confuse this with ohm’s law.
These are two completely separated circuits and ohm’s law will apply to both. Increase the voltage of Vin and In will increase. Increase the voltage of Vout and Iout will increase.
Assume the transformer has a power factor of 1 and assume there are no losses.
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Excellent you tube channel. Pl keep children learn new things,concepts always. Thanks and love from people of Hindustan,India
Thank you, do you know we also have a Hindi channel? th-cam.com/channels/g4k338hz9U8jnD5SXPO5jQ.html
I got what i was looking for. Thank you so much!
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Thank you sir for making basic electrical engineering so easy to understand
excellent for learn
keep on this kind of educational video
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......There is some good information available here, I hope one day, I can get all this down packed, and get all the tools.....Things are precarious still, but improving......Thanks for sharing....
Please, explain how you calculated the resistor rate of 270 Ohms to protect the LED lamp from burning out
Hi, he will have used Ohm's law. If you are not familiar with that law, it basically states the relationship between the current flowing between to points and the voltage across them. In short, the voltage across two points 'V' is equal to the product of the current 'I' and the resistance 'R' - so V = IR in short. It's worth memorising this if you can as you will use it all the time.
In his example, the LED is rated at 25mA and has a forward voltage of 3.3v. If you are unfamiliar with that, just consider it the amount of voltage "used" by the LED to be in the "on" state. This leaves us with 5.7V of extra voltage to drop, as the battery is a 9V cell. So to compute how much resistance is required to limit the current to 25mA, we can just re-arrange the law in the form R = V/I, where V is our voltage (5.7V) and I is our current (25mA, so 0.025A). If you calculate this value you will get a resistance of 228 ohms, as the minimum resistance required.
If you are wondering why the video man selected 270ohms, it is likely because it's the closest standard resistor size to 228 without going to anything smaller. You normally want to play it safe like this because resistors are only guarenteed to be within a certain tolerance of their stated value.
I hope that helps.
@@Bomag thanks a lot, now it makes sense
@@Bomag you've restored my faith in TH-cam comments. Well done sir!
A typical LED is lighting normally at 20mA for for a 5V supply, the limiting resistor is found by dividing 5000 mV by 20 mA giving 250 ohms. So a 270 ohm resistor will do just fine. Using a lower resistance the LED might be too bright and even burn out, a higher resistor gives a dimmer light.
@@karhukivi say if I found a LED LIGHT and what to know what it's maximum volts is?
How do I figure that out?
you probably saved my life with your videos.
All the power!
in your LED example at 9:13 how can you calculate the current of the circuit using ohms law?
Do you have to factor in the resistance of the LED?
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All this, DeVry was a mistake i still regret today. You made this so simpler to understand than 40k debts worth i ended up with.
The problem is that in my country even if you understand it you stil need a diploma or certificate before you are hired. No matter how good you are.
You hurt me. I red your reply and exclaimed out loud... in pain! That is no joke. I really did. What is "education" doing to us? Relieving us of thousands of pounds/dollars, and still requiring us to go on to TH-cam to actually learn stuff? What do we pay for, exactly? (I know "red" is not spelled correctly. That is to avoid "reed".) I feel your pain, man. So sorry.
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Absolutely brilliant video series. I am training to become an electrician and these videos are accelerating my knowledge and learning. thanks for the clear instructions, great visual aids, and repeating key messages.
Out of curiosity how did you find this video? There's a newer, improved version, I need to find and replace the links to it instead of this one
@@EngineeringMindset Thank you for sharing your knowledge with these videos. This video is part of the Electrity Basics playlist.
@@EngineeringMindset This is my 2nd time watching this one, I didn't know you had a newer one and I got here today from a card at the end of your "Ground, Neutral, and Hot Wires Explained" video. Hope that helps!
"All the Power!"
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Thanks from Indonesia. Im old but really want to learn
1 ampere means 1 coulomb per second? Right?
Or 1 amp means only 1 coulomb?
Coulomb is not synonymous of ampere? Coulomb per second is ampere. Right?
Sorry if this is a bad question.
It is a mistake in the video. 1A=1C/1s
or in differential form: I=dq/dt
q-electric charge (measured in Coulombs)
t-time (seconds)
Many also use As (Amp*second) instead of Coulomb.
@@Jule-mm4dr Thank you !
@@jasonvoorhees2050 You're welcome 😉
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Good explanation 😀
We just launched a new version, check it out
4:02: "We can convert AC to DC using an inverter."
Should be the other way round (as one can see on the screen): "We can convert DC to AC using an inverter."
Correct! Ac to dc uses diodes in a rectifier to make the oscillating current constant.
Power inverter video here th-cam.com/video/iIqhAX0I7lI/w-d-xo.html
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How is the voltage and current passing through the LED light then into a resistor and not burning up the LED. You would think the resistor would need to be before he LED to slow down the current? Is this a mistake in the video?
So current can travel from the negative to positive and positive to negative? How does that work?
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@@EngineeringMindset wow thank you for responding you guys are pros
Omg .im mechanical engineering student...i really heated electrical engineering at first...thanx fast growing channel
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All the Power! Thumbs up for the quality content..
So, the fuse acts like an insurance to protect the more expensive electrical components. Am I correct to assume this way?
so the amperage gets split, right? so is it always giving 3 amps in this example from the battery to the nearest resistance or path split and splitting it or how is that drawn from the battery?
Hope you have a great day & Safe Travels!
8:47 slows down the electrons? nothing slows down electrons. it can slow down the current(the amount of electrons per time unit through that conductor).
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I'm 27 with a biology degree, but physics was always a struggle for me. This video FINALLY explained it in a way I can understand! So it's like how you might have a super soaker (not much water/current) and a garden hose (lots of water/current) on hand, and while they might shoot out water with the same amount of pressure (voltage), the amount of water that they will move (current) is very different. Same as how a slow-moving creek and slow-moving floodwaters are very different in the impact they have on the environment...
All the Power!
Well spotted!
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Thanks for this video. I'm still just struggling to understand something..I thought that the current that a battery supplies isnt definitive...that it's all proportionally based on all of the loads used, and the voltage. So Less resistance = more current drawn.
Does this mean that current is just ALWAYS 0, initially ? and until we have a voltage(E) and a load(R), we can always calculate it with I = E/R?
I feel like something is wrong here..
Cause if we put two batteries in parallel, the voltage stays the same but the current "increases" .. how could something that's based on E/R be increased, if E and R are still the same?
how could lightning strike at 200mA+ if I can get shocked at the same voltage but a different amperage, like from a plasma ball? My body's resistance(R) and voltage(E) remains the same in both scenarios. So it's as if the current can be "set" to something regardless of loads in a circuit?
I think it's just Ohm's Law that I can't seem to wrap my head around.. :(
Any help would be appreciated
“ALL THE POWER”
Oh I was like wow I’m the only one, then I keep looking and was oh maybe not lol
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I really enjoy your educational videos. In school I was taught that the circuit breaker doesn’t detect leaking amps. Rather a residual current protection device (RCD) does. Can someone help me understand?
Seen our new incredibly detailed MCB video? link: th-cam.com/video/gqEu9t8HwW0/w-d-xo.html
11:15 Yea, that's what it feels like. :)
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Is the flow of electrons and flow of charges the same definition of current? Nobody has been able to really answer this and cement the idea for. I think it’s important to know because flowing electrons is a big difference than flowing charges. Flowing electrons implies that the electrons are moving, and flowing charges implies that only the charges move.
I’ve also heard both definitions in lectures or even professional engineers novels so, i’m concerned lol.
I like to think of the definition of current as “A *measure* of the flow of charge”, which implies a direction. One Amp equals one Coulomb per second. One Coulomb is the charge on 6.24E18 protons. The charge on 6.24E18 electrons is *negative* one coulomb. 6.24E18 electrons flowing past a point is negative one coulomb per second which is negative one amp. If one insists on defining the reference direction as the direction of electron movement, all currents must be reported as a negative value. I don't have the discipline to do that and to do otherwise is intellectually dishonest. Why not define the reference direction to be “positive voltage to negative voltage”. It’s a convention that makes sense.
I don't understand the example at 10:50 How can a 1.5 V battery rise a current in the circuit if the extra load is added. Wouldn't it be the opposite-the more load, the less current in the circuit?
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CHORIPAN
chicharron prensado
when explaining OHMS, the diagram at 8:00, would the meter calculate 1.5 for the branch after lamp A, because electrons already are being split going towards lamp A, while making its why towards lamp B?
Who else is current ly watching this?
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thank u sir the video is very helpful but can u make videos in this way in maximum concepts
He made me realize how terrible are my teachers
Thank you for your simple and useful explanations, I enjoy them very much. They have helped me a lot.
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japierdole ale szajs
i nie muw ze nie
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Hey Paul,
I had a doubt under this topic,
In electric conductors,
Since
Current=charge/time
When resistors are connected in series, won't the Charge differ
As due to electrons' collision with the conductor particles will slow them down , so the time changes ?
In a closed circuit, current is always conserved (ie, you see the same number of charges passing a given point per second, at all points in the circuit). In a resistor, the charges move slower but there are more of them crowded together (sort of like cars in a traffic jam). Slower speed but higher density, giving the same overall current.
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Could You please tell us concepts of wireless charging?
Your videos are outstanding, thank you for the effort you've put into them! So I have a gnawing question bothering me for eons. I hear the terms "electron flow" and "current flow", and have a basic idea of the difference, but it would be helpful for a visual. Any recommendations?
Please watch our video on electron flow v conventional current
4:02 Inverter converts DC to AC not AC to DC. Your animation is right but you said opposite. And Excellent video 👍
This channel is the GOAT ❤️
In the example about adding load to a circuit at 10:55, why does the current stay the same as you add more bulbs to the circuit in parallel? Wouldn't each bulb now be 1/4 as powered?
Great video series! One question thought, you mention that you can change the spot you connect the multimeter and still get the same amp reading. Now I'm wondering, don't the cables need to be switched around for this? The black cable is the negative, red positive, right? So when the multimeter is connected at the top, it is connected in this order, but when its moved down, the red comes first, connecting the positive cable to the negative side of the battery, and black to positive, which would be wrong? or am I missing something? 6:38 onwards is where this occurs
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you explained very well but if you will do it little bit slow , it will be great
Please watch the newer version its much better th-cam.com/video/kcL2_D33k3o/w-d-xo.html
It's great video,, our teacher never teaches us like this,,,,,it’s really really good
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That LED lamp still would burn out, but more slowly. When you calculate the amount of the amount of amps across the 270 OHM resistor, it would be 33.33 mA of current. 9V/270ohms = 0.03333. That LED is rated for 25mA
yes you r correct , its been a year lol no way right
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Great videos, Great TEACHER! Thank you so much !
thanks a lot for the videos, I really make use of your videos ❤❤❤❤
9:13
The electrons flow is inverted
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It was nice of you to take the time to explain this aspect of electricity but where did you find the time to count all the electrons throwing through the wire per second. I know you cant count that much in one second
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Hello, i am new to learning about electricity. I was wondering at 10:06 why the fuse is connected between the bulb and the part of the cable that returns the electrons to the battery? Does it goes Negative --> Bulb --> Fuse --> Positive ? Or the other way around, Positive --> Bulb --> Fuse --> Negative? I'm still learning. Thanks for these great videos.
Wondering the same thing😬😶
I don't understand why the Ammeter reads 3A in the parallel circuit. Will it add all the current through every load? 7:10
Yes, exactly. First you calculate each branch (even if you have 3, 4 or more) using the Ohm's law and then add together, to get all current flowing in the circuit.
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Sir what actually the electric current is and the mechanism of flow of it in a conductor.
I mean is it flows as electrons or as magnetic waves?
Do electrons actually move or just they vibrate in the frequency of magnetic waves?
I am confused about that so, i hope u clear my doubt.
Thank you sir
Please watch our video on inductors explained
@@GH-oi2jf tqs a lot🙏, yes we no need to understand in depth,
It is enough to know that current is just flow of electrons👍
Thank you for your video. I am a social sciences student who knows nothing about physics and it helps a lot
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thanks for the subtitles
I love your channel we need to learn basic electricity and you provide us. Ty sir. Good luck. And Alhamdulillah
Thanks for an awesome set of vids about electricity, I've learned more here than in school materials in the last two years of my apprenticeship. But I have one burning question about the AC, and no one is really able to answer it to me. ... { at least the way I would understand it anyway } If electrons in AC traveling back and forwards in every cycle due to magnetic polarity changes in generator, how come that we can transport - send electricity from power station located at point A to e.g. substation 1000km away. I do understand the principles in DC as the electrons flow in only one direction, but I just can't comprehend how this works in AC. Also if in a simple electric circuit where voltage and current travel through active conductor into the load {resistence} then we have to have the RETURN path for electrons, right? but why they need to return, if they travel back and forwards.. I hope you see my frustration at this problem, and I hope someone would be able to give me an answer.
Thank you very much.
roman
The electrons in your homes electrical cable already exist in the copper. The power station is just making them move back and forth, they only move a tiny tiny tiny amount, never leaving the cable. But a DC circuit, the electrons are flowing the entire route along the cable
Thanks for your reply 👍
Good information but I think my original search was for what is a relay in a car fuse box. Do you have a video explaining that? Thanks
We have videos on how relays work
@@EngineeringMindset the link?
in 9:00 min you give an example for resistor using. ohm law says that to have 25 mA you need a R of 360 ohm. in your example the resistor is 270 ohm/ can you explain? thank you !
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Does a resistor need to be placed before the led to properly work?? In one illustration it was after the light. Thank you so much!
It doesn't matter the side
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