Volcano Watch 2023: A Volcanologist's Update on Safety, Grindavík, The Blue Lagoon & More

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 25 มิ.ย. 2024
  • You had a lot of questions about what's happening around the town of Grindavík and about Iceland's volcanic systems in general, so the Grapevine turned to University of Iceland professor in volcanology and petrology Þorvaldur Þórðarson for answers.
    In this in-depth interview with the Grapevine's Catharine Fulton, Þorvaldur addresses misinformation about Iceland as a safe travel destination, explains the status of efforts to protect the Svartsengi power plant, shares which of Iceland's volcanoes makes him nervous, and a whole lot more.
    TABLE OF CONTENTS:
    0:00 - Intro
    0:58 - Update on the current situation around Grindavík
    7:27 - Iceland is safe! Setting the record straight
    10:30 - Why are all the volcanoes popping?
    13:17 - Does climate change impact volcanoes?
    14:47 - How much lava is under Iceland?
    17:00 - How many volcanic systems are in Iceland?
    20:25 - How big could a new eruption will be?
    22:00 - A description of magma chambers
    24:15 - Comparing the Reykjanes and Krafla volcanic systems
    26:50 - Could an eruption drain the Blue Lagoon?
    27:25 - What's going on with the defence wall around the Svartsengi Power Plant?
    33:40 - Are scientists consulted on investment and development?
    35:40 - Could the next eruption be explosive?
    41:30 - The science of predicting volcanoes
    48:10 - Which volcano makes Þorvaldur nervous?
    53:30 - Iceland IS volcanic - why is any of this news?
    56:20 - The question nobody asks Þorvaldur
    58:44 - Outro
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Follow The Reykjavík Grapevine for the latest updates on the situation: grapevine.is
    Read our July 2023 feature about the current volcanic cycle the Reykjanes peninsula is in: grapevine.is/mag/feature/2023...
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    SHOW SUPPORT
    Iceland's Search and Rescue teams are on the ground in Grindavík and operate solely on donations. You can support them here: www.icesar.com/en/support-us
    Support the Icelandic Red Cross and their efforts to operate aid centres for Grindavík evacuees: www.raudikrossinn.is/english/...
    Support the Grapevine's reporting by becoming a member of our High Five Club: steadyhq.com/en/rvkgrapevine/
    You can also support the Grapevine by shopping in our online store: shop.grapevine.is
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    WHO ARE WE?
    The Reykjavík Grapevine is an alternative monthly magazine, bringing you all the news and views on Icelandic society, music, travel, culture and more. Grapevine.is #rvkgrapevine
    Join our TH-cam channel for perks on perks:
    / @thereykjavikgrapevine

ความคิดเห็น • 228

  • @joneinarsson
    @joneinarsson 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +103

    I am once again fleeing my town, now Grindavík 2023 before I had to flee Heimaey 1973, then I was 12 years old, 50 years later I am fleeing again, but now I am an adult, and again this is a shock, we living on a volcanic island we are always fighting with mother nature. thanks to people like Þorvaldari we are all learning from what we don't know,

    • @TheReykjavikGrapevine
      @TheReykjavikGrapevine  7 หลายเดือนก่อน +15

      We’d love to hear your story, Jón. Be in touch at Grapevine@grapevine.is if you’re interested in sharing more about your experience.

    • @ed6739
      @ed6739 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      I lived in Keflavik in 1973, I remember that. Sorry this is your 2nd go around with this.

    • @Happy_Puffin
      @Happy_Puffin 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      While living in Keflavik 1978-80 I was able to visit Heimaey. I would love to hear your account of the evacuation.

    • @jusadude7162
      @jusadude7162 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      Stay safe! Sending positive thoughts!!! 🙏🏼

    • @frauleindaniela
      @frauleindaniela 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      I’m so sorry to hear this. I hope you could get as much belongings with you as possible. But most of all I’m really glad that you all are safe. Eruptions are so erratic, netter safe than sorry.

  • @BowlesTroy
    @BowlesTroy 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +109

    I admire the calm preparedness of the people of Iceland.

    • @bookofkatherine
      @bookofkatherine 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Really!? I think the abandoned animals would disagree. If it weren't for tourists posting videos of the Blue Lagoon's lobby caving in, that place would still be open.

    • @melodyszadkowski5256
      @melodyszadkowski5256 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      I second that. Sadly, I haven't seen too many calm and organized evacuations with such citizen cooperation like Icelanders have shown among folks in my own country. My admiration goes out to Iceland and her people on the peninsula.

    • @blazefairchild465
      @blazefairchild465 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      @@bookofkatherinewhat animals did I miss something ?

    • @melodyszadkowski5256
      @melodyszadkowski5256 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

      ​​@@bookofkatherineWhat abandoned animals? Household pets and even farm animals have been moved to safer areas because the process was well organized and people cooperated with disaster personnel. And do you honestly think that Blue Lagoon would still be open if their lobby had collapsed even if tourists hadn't published photos? Is this ethnocentrism or simply not keeping up with knowledgeble news sources?

    • @leokaloper4132
      @leokaloper4132 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@blazefairchild465 don't say you're from WWF

  • @soletey832
    @soletey832 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +28

    This is imho by far the best YT video about the current Iceland situation, thank you Þorvaldur Þórðarson and Reykjavik Grapevine !

  • @kathleenlynch5763
    @kathleenlynch5763 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +39

    I love how calmly he explained everything without getting viewers into a panic.he is after all a professor so he knows his craft.i don't think anyone can tell him much about what is going on or what to do.i have never met anyone from Iceland but what lovley people .just hope there in not a lot of damage.loved how he described it as cornflakes and yogurt.

  • @DSTWizz
    @DSTWizz 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +16

    It's great to listen to a real volcanologist explain what is happening in such a factual and matter-of-fact way, and debunking some of the wild, fanciful theories put about by some media outlets (which are mainly clickbait anyway). Iceland because of its geographical position has centuries of experience in observing movements in the earth's crust; nevertheless it's a worrying time for the good folk of Grindavik at the present time. Hopefully they can return to their homes before too long. Thanks for this interview!

  • @elizabethfairlie8296
    @elizabethfairlie8296 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    Really appreciate your questions and this gentleman who explains everything so beautifully. Love listening to people who know what theyre talking about and are qualified to comment. And yes no scaremongering. Thankyou both.

  • @Karincl7
    @Karincl7 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +15

    Since your previous chat with the proffesor I love his calm intelligence, thank you for the update

  • @haliec496
    @haliec496 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +15

    The professor respects and understands mother nature. His passion and knowledge is reassuring.

  • @fianorian
    @fianorian 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +66

    That was very informative and at a level of detail that I, as a lay person, could understand. Thank you, both to The Rekjavik Grapevine and to the professor (whose name I'm afraid I dare not attempt to type). It's good to get a non-sensational take on events.

    • @TheReykjavikGrapevine
      @TheReykjavikGrapevine  7 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

      Thanks so much for watching. The Þ makes a soft "th" sound, so Thor-val-der

    • @maeedwards8387
      @maeedwards8387 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I have to agree with you. I just can't put it into like you did. Thank you.

    • @maeedwards8387
      @maeedwards8387 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      it into words like

    • @edwigcarol4888
      @edwigcarol4888 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      As you say seeking Sensation is a disastrous sickness of media. Totally appalling.
      Here there is fresh air. Facts, geophysics, calm and preparedness.

  • @user-jd2vh2xb3x
    @user-jd2vh2xb3x 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +24

    Fantastic interview, very informative, and with scientific humility like it should be

  • @viennacat1
    @viennacat1 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    Excellent video. Thanks for producing this for us, very very interesting to hear the professor give such detailed answers.

  • @thewalrus1968
    @thewalrus1968 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +23

    this was the best explanations of events so far on the internet

  • @markuserikssen
    @markuserikssen 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +11

    This was a great interview. Thanks for that, The Reykjavik Grapevine. I know that Þorvaldur sometimes makes bold statements in the media which make people scared or even angry, but he seems to be very knowledgeable and sincere, with a good heart.
    Let's hope the current situation around Grindavik and the Blue Lagoon calms down.

    • @TheReykjavikGrapevine
      @TheReykjavikGrapevine  7 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

      He's a straight-shooter for sure, but that comes from a position of not wanting to take any chances with people's safety.
      He's wildly intelligent and a great person to speak with.

  • @CybershamanX
    @CybershamanX 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +14

    Thank you SO MUCH for providing these amazing videos. Not only are they immensely informative, but they often showcase the resilience and solidarity of the people of Iceland. Again, thank you. 🙂☮️

  • @dannyestes832
    @dannyestes832 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    Excellent! Its nice to hear expert information and the questions by regular people answered in professional manner.

  • @joyscott374
    @joyscott374 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    Great piece. I've been following your channel. For a couple of weeks. The professors explanations are clear, informative & fascinating. Thank you.

  • @jakobfromthefence
    @jakobfromthefence 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    In more than short term, the good thing about the hydrothermal power plant and subsequently blue lagoon is that if they get destroyed, you can literally build new ones. Both of them. Also in a completely different place.

  • @lillirod
    @lillirod 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    This is so informative. Thanks for doing this interview to Professor Þórðarson.

  • @David-il6hn
    @David-il6hn 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    Thank you for explaining what is happening there in Iceland. I find it fascinating and would love to visit sometime.

  • @andreaDoubleU
    @andreaDoubleU 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    so good to listen to a man that REALLY knows what he is talking about! 🙏🏻

  • @MrBeeman59
    @MrBeeman59 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +21

    Great interview! The professor gave very informative and understandable answers.

  • @WhiteTiger333
    @WhiteTiger333 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thank you for this fascinating "lecture". I'm learning so much from these interviews. I was especially struck by the professor explaining that lava serves to fill in the tears the plate boundary separation creates. Nature filling in its own potholes. 😁 Many well wishes for the Grindavik residents. That's not going to be an easy fix, my goodness!

  • @jaimieelton372
    @jaimieelton372 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    What a lovely man. Excellent interview!

  • @jusadude7162
    @jusadude7162 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Wishing the townspeople the best of luck.

  • @misfitsng
    @misfitsng 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +11

    Thank you so much for the interview. Very nice to watch and I learned so much.

  • @gilscot100
    @gilscot100 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Excellent video. Great interview. Once again RG gives us the true prospective. So appreciate being able to get a glimpse of the lava walls being constructed. Please keep these videos coming.

  • @wendywilson18
    @wendywilson18 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    Fantastic interview! Thanks so much for posting and sharing. 41.33 gives a great take on the present situation. Second last segment suggests "be prepared, respect it [the volcano and processes] and don't ignore it!" Long yes. Informative? Definitely.

  • @ETRuT1
    @ETRuT1 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    Really illuminating. Thanks, Prof Þórðarson, Catherine for an excellent interview, and Art for brilliant camerawork.

  • @patroberts5449
    @patroberts5449 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    Sad to see these evacuated homes, breaks your heart, so so sorry folks, be strong, be brave

  • @burgseeli1911
    @burgseeli1911 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    It's amazing nobody seems to stress out. Everything those people do prevent real disasters, do it with so much calmness.

    • @Purplefishish
      @Purplefishish 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      It´s our viking ancestry 😁😁 Panic is ineffective

    • @ErnieKings27
      @ErnieKings27 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@Purplefishishthe I guess Thor is demanding sacrifices now

  • @The_Travelling_Jonoberries
    @The_Travelling_Jonoberries 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thank you for a very informative update on the situation in Iceland 🇮🇸- God Bless and know that we hope all is well in that wonderful part of the World 🌋

  • @Geop01
    @Geop01 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Thank you for this informative and engaging video. I hope you will continue to post updates about future seismic and volcanic activity and how these affect people and the environment.

  • @annabee1984
    @annabee1984 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +11

    Very informative and extremely interesting! Thank you! 😊

  • @onedominant
    @onedominant 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you for presenting this logical analysis of events in Iceland. Geology and geophysics are fascinating, but my heart goes out to the families, the industries, the community being affected now.

  • @freebirdh604
    @freebirdh604 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Came here cos of iceland live link and stayed for the entire chat 👍 thank you to all parties

  • @arkansasvinny
    @arkansasvinny 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    He nailed it. His prediction was right on! Iceland is lucky to have a professional like him. Give him a raise!!

  • @MrMartgolf
    @MrMartgolf 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    I could listen to this Professor all day, amazing insight into a fascinating phenomenon that is Nature
    Great video thank you 👍

  • @robertfletcher3421
    @robertfletcher3421 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    An excellent production it is something we have been waiting for. Thank you.

  • @paulrandig
    @paulrandig 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you for bringing the whole one hour interview! In our fast living time this is a gem.

  • @deborahmartyn97
    @deborahmartyn97 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you both very much.. in Wa.-USA here... I appreciate the the in depth, clear , respectful approach and the questions were very interesting, too. I especially. thank the Doctor for his generous demeanor and patience to illuminate many aspects of this event, Iceland and its peoples.

  • @maruillescas6608
    @maruillescas6608 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    This video is so interesting. We have more than 4 important volcanos in Mexico and we want to learn more. But we don't have a youtube Chanel to explain the things like you do. Thank you

  • @hilde-gunpady5204
    @hilde-gunpady5204 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    Med stoisk ro,utrolig godt forklart.Fint å få et bilde av evt.scenarioer.

  • @christee2908
    @christee2908 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    That was a great interview, Thank you professor Thordarson and Mrs Fulton.

  • @Vulcano7965
    @Vulcano7965 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thank you very much for featuring my question! Didn't expect it but very much appreciat it :D

    • @Vulcano7965
      @Vulcano7965 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Also these are in general very well audited questions. Excellent interview!

    • @TheReykjavikGrapevine
      @TheReykjavikGrapevine  7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Thanks for the question!

  • @sharpear1031
    @sharpear1031 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thank you. I appreciated all of this information. I have been following this event right along and hope to stay with it to the end.

  • @susanharris5926
    @susanharris5926 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    This was a very informative interview. I was totally impressed by this professor.

  • @geoffburlinson8909
    @geoffburlinson8909 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    Thank you Doctor. Fascinating. Great information. 👍👍👍

  • @lisabeam8315
    @lisabeam8315 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Thank you for the informative discussion ❤

  • @s.richards6552
    @s.richards6552 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    This is by far the best and most informative video I have seen on this probable eruption,

  • @vronw5782
    @vronw5782 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you Catharine, a great interview,.😊 I love listening to the professor. I wish I was 40yrs younger and could attended his lectures 😅. ♥️🙏

    • @TheReykjavikGrapevine
      @TheReykjavikGrapevine  7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Across all ages in the office, we wish we could sit in on all his lectures!!

  • @Ilingoceros
    @Ilingoceros 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    This was quite interesting and informative. I live in Hood River, Oregon, right around the corner from a burger place called Twin Peaks because from there you can see Mt. Adams in Washington and Mt. Hood in Oregon. Both volcanoes. Climb some local peaks and you can see other volcanoes in the Cascade Range including what's left of Mount St. Helens which blew up in 1980. There are lava fields of various ages all around here. Go up the Columbia River and you see mile after mile after mile of basalt columns from massive lava flows millions of years ago coming all the way from eastern Washington and Idaho. So yeah, I was primed to be interested and the questions and answers here were very good.

  • @robbfisher2876
    @robbfisher2876 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Thank you very much, this was a fantastic interview!

  • @Xperimenter
    @Xperimenter 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    What a great interview!

  • @gonemadinnz
    @gonemadinnz 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Awesome interview. I feel like I am back at uni! Please keep updating us. I'm fascinated.
    Thank you!

  • @Zoonjse
    @Zoonjse 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    This professor is one of the best in Iceland, and probably in the world. Because how man countries and people have to thing about this subject. Iceland is one of the most active places and has some of the best experts in these things.

  • @SkyeRangerNick
    @SkyeRangerNick 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    I truly appreciate this update. Thank you.

    • @SkyeRangerNick
      @SkyeRangerNick 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I was curious about the building of the wall, early on. Granted, if something can happen at any moment, racing for a wall is unlikely; preparing for rescue and preservation have a priority. With a window of time, building the wall "has time." And, the way may have a long window of relevance, given the nature of Icelandic volcanic activity cycles. Those were my thoughts over recent weeks; which align with the reality we have seen. I always imagine Icelanders poised and prepared, knowing the nature of the land on which they live. 🙂🙂🙂

  • @brothersoulshine
    @brothersoulshine 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Such an informative interview. Many thanks for this.

  • @the10thplague
    @the10thplague 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I loved this long-form content. Really informative.

  • @timr.7361
    @timr.7361 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Superb episode, thank you!

  • @LucasGerrijts
    @LucasGerrijts 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Biggest lesson learned, never doubt Heidi!

  • @onamuir4985
    @onamuir4985 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    BEST interview! Thank you. 🥰🤗

  • @Tao-Quantum-Healing-Events
    @Tao-Quantum-Healing-Events 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    great information. very clear. i understand what is happening now. Thank you

  • @nattyw495
    @nattyw495 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thank you so much for this video it was very interesting and informative, very easy to understand the questions and comments from both proffesionals..i think were more connected to other humans thru the cellphone and internet and want to show that were thinking of other fellow humans even if we cant physically be there to help we are sending our thoughts and donations to help those in need....💛🇨🇦🇺🇲💛

  • @user-by3mj2yh7l
    @user-by3mj2yh7l 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    To worry about mother nature on a daily basis has to be nerve wracking. Praying for the safety of the residents there.

  • @lucasmangasverdes1915
    @lucasmangasverdes1915 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    This interview was amazing, thank you both!

  • @Feefifum
    @Feefifum 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thank you for a wonderful interview!

  • @AdelaideBen1
    @AdelaideBen1 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Great discussion - thanks for such an informative explanation.

  • @tbreg606
    @tbreg606 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Brilliant interview. Thank you.

  • @valhoundmom
    @valhoundmom 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Thank you for the information update.

  • @fairwfriend
    @fairwfriend 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    He has been the most reassuring presence. So chill for such a hot topic. (pun intended!)

  • @jonpalmer7483
    @jonpalmer7483 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Amazing video thanks for the update

  • @freebirdh604
    @freebirdh604 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you everyone 🤗

  • @robgerety
    @robgerety 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    NIce man. Smart too. Seems like a straight shooter.

  • @mikkolaine4883
    @mikkolaine4883 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    This should be a mandatory hour for any un-knowledgeble person willing to comment the news in Facebook or watching a sensational TH-camr's videos :D

  • @englishrose212
    @englishrose212 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    What can you say but just brilliant, thank you from UK 😍

  • @Rennrogue
    @Rennrogue 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Fantastic interview, thank you both!

  • @vikticus4674
    @vikticus4674 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    how to live in a life-threatening natural area, how to perceive, organize, react, they know this just like in Japan, where there is a single culture, community and ability to respond, saving lives - together - typhoons tsunami volcano. activity in Mexico, Italy, South America. Stay safe Vikings of Iceland!

  • @Hochspitz
    @Hochspitz 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you for a most informative interview from Australia.

  • @empiremotionpictures6481
    @empiremotionpictures6481 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    He's my new hero!!!

  • @meggmegg6656
    @meggmegg6656 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    This is the most informative interview I have seen.

  • @mnemosynevermont5524
    @mnemosynevermont5524 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you! Thank you! SO much info!

  • @superkang7448
    @superkang7448 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you. Very informative, great questions and even better answers.

  • @jerrielindsey5939
    @jerrielindsey5939 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    This was great, thank you so much. I learned a lot.

  • @nelsaf365
    @nelsaf365 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you so much!!

  • @michaelnancyamsden7410
    @michaelnancyamsden7410 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you both

  • @DerGluecklicheBlankeneser
    @DerGluecklicheBlankeneser 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    Minute 31:51 "Good preparation prevents poor perfomance"

    • @mehashi
      @mehashi 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      “Prior preparation prevents piss-poor performance” as my father would put it.

  • @szendrenko
    @szendrenko 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Your experts are super smart! It would be great to study under him at university

  • @alayneperrott9693
    @alayneperrott9693 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Excellent interview!

  • @alexpiper9475
    @alexpiper9475 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    beautiful. thank you.

  • @tracyralph9255
    @tracyralph9255 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Fascinating Thank you! You did a fantastic job!

  • @MrMymandragora
    @MrMymandragora 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    It was just great! Thanks :)

  • @samiatobdjli2149
    @samiatobdjli2149 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Danke Schön für Ihren Information.

  • @LnLVD
    @LnLVD 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Great interview

  • @sanholo2483
    @sanholo2483 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Very informative, thanks!!

  • @belindahannaford1142
    @belindahannaford1142 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Awesome interview thank you so much for sharing . ❤

  • @uthaxdora9843
    @uthaxdora9843 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    very informative.

  • @jonadams8841
    @jonadams8841 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    11:42 the good thing, if one can look at it that way, is that Iceland grows. Someday, maybe Iceland is the next continent.

  • @beckybetter
    @beckybetter 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Well Done!!!

  • @Lora_Lynn
    @Lora_Lynn 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you. A wealth of knowledge shared.

  • @richardt.1119
    @richardt.1119 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    The guy that ran out the back door and jumped off the balcony left the door open!