Why use the term "Substitute Shoots" for trees? Christophe Drénou, Madrid, 2019

(Subtitles in English, Spanish and French)
Why use the term "Substitute Shoots" for trees? Introduction by Christophe Drénou at the 7th AEA National Arboriculture Congress, Madrid, May 10, 2019.
"Management of dangerous trees: the role of substitute shoots in the regulation of risks of failure"
1 - What is a substitute shoot?
2 - The 3 types of substitute shoots?
3 - The risks of failure?
4 - Where do the substitute shoots appear?
5 - Roles of substitute shoots?
6 - Management of substitute shoots?
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