Types Of Radiation | Radioactivity | Physics | FuseSchool

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 19 ต.ค. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 248

  • @Machuter
    @Machuter 5 ปีที่แล้ว +42

    Alpha Radiation: You can't defeat me!
    Me; I know but he can
    *A PIECE OF PAPER*

  • @joweenie9224
    @joweenie9224 7 ปีที่แล้ว +98

    the voice is so soothing and comforting but there are too many puffs of air in the audio >_

    • @EliOCE
      @EliOCE 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Joanna Idrovo it literally made me fall asleep

    • @michaeltener9065
      @michaeltener9065 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      He is an old man huffing and puffing away.

    • @katandann
      @katandann 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      but they enhance the experience. Especially with the tissue paper. It helps you visualize the alpha particle being out of breath after traveling only a very short distance.

    • @vanhouten1853
      @vanhouten1853 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@michaeltener9065
      Shush

    • @jinspicyramen
      @jinspicyramen 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      man i hate his voice why cant they hire some sexc voice actor

  • @CEO__155
    @CEO__155 7 ปีที่แล้ว +306

    I like the mic quality

  • @vouge3807
    @vouge3807 5 ปีที่แล้ว +23

    that "LOOK!!" 1:00
    :)

  • @dayinsects9531
    @dayinsects9531 9 ปีที่แล้ว +48

    Alpha, Beta and Gamma are the first three letters of the Greek alphabet.

    • @tairod7212
      @tairod7212 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      omg i was looking for somebody who also knew that when my teacher was teaching it in class and everyone kept foegetting the alpha i was rolling my eyes and mentally telling them to look at the greek alphabet

  • @katharina...
    @katharina... 9 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Awesome! Thanks James & Daren for making and sharing this video. Aren't the times we're living in incredible? Anyone can learn anything, because people like you, who have passion for sharing knowledge, bother to take their time to create some value and give it to the world free of charge. Thank you!

    • @katharina...
      @katharina... 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Apologies for misspelling your name, Darren!

  • @sharathacharya2730
    @sharathacharya2730 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    The best voice....like to hear from such lecturers

  • @rich1051414
    @rich1051414 9 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    Well, alpha particles are smaller than the tiny gaps in paper so some will still make it through, but most will not. Glass is even more effective, even a mm will all but stop them.
    However, SOME will always make it through, even when such a thing is 'impossible', because of quantum tunneling. Quantum tunneling is also what allowed them to break off from their atom, leaving with less energy than was required to overcome the nuclear force.
    A good analogy would be, pretend you jump to dunk a basketball, but fly through the roof and into space moving at escape velocity, even though your jump was not any stronger than any other.
    This is basically the difference in the alpha particles energy vs the energy required to break away, but it still happens.
    They leave the atom as if they have a lower mass than they do, with the energy as the velocity required to escape the nuclei. This is why large nuclei fire off higher velocity alpha particles. However, they 'remember' they are heavy immediately though and begin slamming on the brakes, usually. Wouldn't it be fun if macro physics worked like quantum physics :P
    What makes alpha radiation particularly dangerous is not only how it is ionizing(essentially frying atoms it gets too close to), it is also heavy, so it is basically a wrecking ball. *IF* alpha manages to hit your dna, it does anywhere from 10-1000 times more damage than any other type of radiation. That usually takes breathing or consuming it though, thanks to our skin.

  • @arthurvin2937
    @arthurvin2937 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    The explanation is incomplete. 1) Alpha - consists of helium nuclei. Carries the most dangerous destructive force due to mass and highest ionizing potential than other two radiation types. 2) Beta - electron or positron, the second most destructive potential. 3) Gamma - is just the light at very high frequency, hence consist of photons and behaves like waves. The least dangerous type of radiation, however there's an evidence of latent damage it can cause in case of long term exposure.

  • @k.chriscaldwell4141
    @k.chriscaldwell4141 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    There are only TWO types of radiation: Particle and electromagnetic.
    Particle radiation has sub-types: 1) Alpha, 2) Beta (Electron and Positron), 3) Proton, 4) neutrino 5) and Neutron. Neutron radiation being the only radiation that can make something radioactive.
    Electromagnetic radiation falls along a spectrum of low frequencies and high energies starting at the Ultraviolet, running through X-Rays, and continuing on into and beyond Gamma.
    However, some classify Bremsstrahlung radiation, the electromagnetic radiation produced by the braking/slowing of radioactive particles. as a third type of radiation.

    • @martinhodge921
      @martinhodge921 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Thank you. This was far more informative than the video.

  • @StevenMP1993
    @StevenMP1993 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Can gamma rays and alpha or beta particles be omitted at the same time? When alpha/beta particles are omitted, is it only particles or is there energy as well?

  • @molliecoiax9104
    @molliecoiax9104 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    this really helped with revising for my test thanks.

  • @zk6454
    @zk6454 7 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    This is so Fucking beautiful thank you so much.

  • @zero-one3599
    @zero-one3599 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for this explaination.. I needed that..

    • @fuseschool
      @fuseschool  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      you are so welcome :)

  • @laura.tsaizi9961
    @laura.tsaizi9961 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hello...gamma radiationts is not stopped by lead but just reduced

    • @JodBronson
      @JodBronson 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      YES, even with the biggest lead block in the world. Eventually, it will pass through.

  • @glenbrockwell9362
    @glenbrockwell9362 8 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    You left out the part when beta decays a proton is transmuted into a neutron and a neutrino (little neutral lepton) is also discharged.

    • @glenbrockwell9362
      @glenbrockwell9362 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Neutrino -- a Leptin with weak interation

  • @ardaozkut1089
    @ardaozkut1089 6 ปีที่แล้ว +47

    I slept 4 times while watching this.

  • @WorldView22
    @WorldView22 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    When an object emits alpha radiation, is it safe to assume that it will also emit some beta or gamma radiation? I mean, if one has a beta and gamma/x-ray radiation monitor, would it able to "detect" (implicitly) alpha from a contaminated item?

  • @sarahbrewer2263
    @sarahbrewer2263 6 ปีที่แล้ว +42

    you know what. I'm about to say It. I don't care that you broke your elbow.

  • @hyunjinkim6772
    @hyunjinkim6772 10 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you! Very easy to understand!

  • @ranjithkshathriyathota6653
    @ranjithkshathriyathota6653 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Simply superb...
    Thanks

  • @_sara_9732
    @_sara_9732 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank yo soo much this really helped me alot !!

    • @fuseschool
      @fuseschool  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      We are happy to hear this. Stay connected with us, we appreciate the feedback

  • @unpopuIaropinion
    @unpopuIaropinion 11 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    One more minute of his voise and im getting heartattack

  • @muhammaddeengombe4599
    @muhammaddeengombe4599 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    WOW LOVE THIS

  • @dankovac1609
    @dankovac1609 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Marie Curie: ok so i just found out there's an element i called radium, and after researching it a while I've decided to call its and other element's unusual properties "radioactivity".
    Im not still sure what it really does so before we do anything we need to thoroughly resear..
    Companies: WHAAT? NEW ELEMENT?!?! XDXDXDXD LET'S PUT IT IN LIKE EVERYTHING AND SAY IT HAS HEALING POWERS XDXDXDXDXD!?!!! 1!?

  • @skreetz3814
    @skreetz3814 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Is this the same as electron capture? If not then tell the difference plz

  • @anabeatriz860
    @anabeatriz860 7 ปีที่แล้ว +17

    put english subtitles please

  • @indrajeetkumarsingh9660
    @indrajeetkumarsingh9660 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thankuuuuu very much. It helped me a lot

  • @Pualn08
    @Pualn08 11 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for the video.I have a question for you please. Would you know if it is normal for outside radiation readings to vary from as much as 0.05 Micro Sv to 0.20 Micro Sv while in the same exact location over a 30 minute period taking readings once per minute? How about a range of to 0.3 the very next day? Would you suspect a bad unit? Thank You.

  • @NumbToons
    @NumbToons 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great Video!
    Really Worth Science!

  • @sosomadman
    @sosomadman 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Shouldn't alpha cancel out beta or does it it combine making a larger dip and crest?

    • @bettercallnoobofficial
      @bettercallnoobofficial 9 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      bbbuster IT BECOME GOGETA AND BEAT SUPERMAN

    • @rohankalra4712
      @rohankalra4712 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +bbbuster \
      it combine making a larger dip and crest

  • @wildannugroho_plus
    @wildannugroho_plus 7 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    FYI, every electromagnetic waves is both particle and wave, including gamma rays

  • @karen5670
    @karen5670 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Informative but his voice could use some emotion. Thanks for the great video

  • @GCSEPhysicsExplained
    @GCSEPhysicsExplained 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Great video! Keep up the great content

    • @o_o8684
      @o_o8684 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      when?

  • @mdsayyedmia5067
    @mdsayyedmia5067 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thanks

    • @fuseschool
      @fuseschool  10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Anytime. Hope the video was helpful

  • @agamer6785
    @agamer6785 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    I like the mic quality, its like old.
    I like this video.
    It is very useful

  • @sin4059
    @sin4059 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very informative video, however ur voice kept on making me try clear my throat

  • @fleursdesel
    @fleursdesel 8 ปีที่แล้ว +23

    I loved this ! thank you :)

    • @fuseschool
      @fuseschool  8 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Great to hear - thanks!!

    • @tungtran3878
      @tungtran3878 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@fuseschool Đọc Facebook : Trần Thanh Tùng ( Dấu Hỏi Chấm ) đi mọi người , để biết phương pháp CHECK của vệ tinh Trung Quốc 2011 - NHẬN THỨC của Mỹ 1975 , đỡ phải LOẠN LUÂN - TRĨ ĐÍT - ĂN THỊT NGƯỜI TƯƠI SỐNG để NHÌN - THEO DÕI - ĐỌC TƯ DUY não bộ , khi bị các bạn IT có thiết bị truyền thông Đài truyền hình - SHOWBIT lừa đảo là CÔNG AN - QUÂN ĐỘI nhằm lợi dụng

  • @AndRyznar
    @AndRyznar 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    What is the highest frequency that is the end of the spectrum? Omega Rays?

    • @JodBronson
      @JodBronson 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      There are No Names for ANY of these things. Only refer to them as we discover them. As we all know, there are things that we haven't even heard of and are yet to be discovered!

  • @copperymarrow1583
    @copperymarrow1583 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    very well explained

  • @yiskadj7986
    @yiskadj7986 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    U forgot the beta+, Electron capture and the inner Konversion. Please correct me if i spelled it wrong i'm from Austria we call it Elektroneneinfang and innere Konversion

    • @generati1001able
      @generati1001able 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yiska plays We call it internal conversion :) hello from seoul, Korea

  • @danny9852
    @danny9852 8 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Thank you so much. Very helpful

  • @Kairi952
    @Kairi952 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great easy to follow video, thank you :)

  • @rachelsabelle8985
    @rachelsabelle8985 10 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hy ! Great video, i'm french and I don't anderstand all but it's beter than my notes, thank you !

  • @Echo_Lima
    @Echo_Lima ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thank you very much !

    • @fuseschool
      @fuseschool  ปีที่แล้ว

      You are so welcome thank you for checking out the video

  • @s.m.4479
    @s.m.4479 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω
    These are all the letters of the Greek alphabet that are used by maths.

  • @Russianbro777
    @Russianbro777 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Gamma is the one that has range. My Ra 226 ship marker goes insane . That disc shoots up over 100,000cpm Gamma with it. Even detectable through lead. Do not worry it is stored a decent distance from where I sleep.

  • @AndRyznar
    @AndRyznar 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    What is higher than gamma rays? Omega rays?

  • @anjukhurana6383
    @anjukhurana6383 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    sir y teeno radiation nikalti kon s source s h mainly vo btana aap mughe

  • @tripedal2063
    @tripedal2063 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you my test passed smoothly

  • @B3bita1215
    @B3bita1215 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome video!! thanks :)

  • @Quantumanandha
    @Quantumanandha 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you.

  • @nipundewenarayane2603
    @nipundewenarayane2603 10 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    thanks virtual school

    • @fuseschool
      @fuseschool  10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      You're welcome Nipun!

    • @ryseran
      @ryseran 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +FuseSchool - Global Education wow i learn alot by this thanks alot

    • @manjeetKaur-nr6vr
      @manjeetKaur-nr6vr 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Nipun Charith

    • @tungtran3878
      @tungtran3878 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@manjeetKaur-nr6vr Đọc Facebook : Trần Thanh Tùng ( Dấu Hỏi Chấm ) đi mọi người , để biết phương pháp CHECK của vệ tinh Trung Quốc 2011 - NHẬN THỨC của Mỹ 1975 , đỡ phải LOẠN LUÂN - TRĨ ĐÍT - ĂN THỊT NGƯỜI TƯƠI SỐNG để NHÌN - THEO DÕI - ĐỌC TƯ DUY não bộ , khi bị các bạn IT có thiết bị truyền thông Đài truyền hình - SHOWBIT lừa đảo là CÔNG AN - QUÂN ĐỘI nhằm lợi dụng

  • @BlueCosmology
    @BlueCosmology 11 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Photons have no mass. E=M+p means energy can be converted to mass, not energy is mass.

  • @mueenakram9359
    @mueenakram9359 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    the best way to teach....❤

  • @subscribetopewdiepie4109
    @subscribetopewdiepie4109 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    2:47 it’s actually a particle and a wave at the same time like other particles
    Or am I missing something cuz it’s a photon and in my understanding of physics it’s both a wave and a particle at the same time

    • @henar8467
      @henar8467 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Not particles of matter but particles of electromagnetic radiation

  • @sccm100
    @sccm100 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    do they have a video on magnetic fields?

    • @fuseschool
      @fuseschool  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      We're starting the physics course at the moment, so we'll be getting some magnetic fields videos up in the coming months. Teachers are writing scripts at the moment.

  • @navitha1989
    @navitha1989 10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    u cant stop gamma rays.... use the word reduce or minimize instead of " STOP"

  • @GaeddaN
    @GaeddaN 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Photons are particles, massless, but as much particle as any other. QFT, Word.

  • @عبداللهالحمود-م1ط
    @عبداللهالحمود-م1ط 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks a lot

  • @Rotkommissar
    @Rotkommissar 6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Très intéressant et instructif ! ^^

  • @NotMat2
    @NotMat2 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    i know my teacher uses this video alot for lessons haha. hello mr below

  • @tanzianempire8761
    @tanzianempire8761 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Seriously, gamma radiation can FUCK YOU UP!!!😰

  • @barry7608
    @barry7608 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'll give you 9/10, just didn't like the bit "......its stopped by lead" ! You should have said "lead can stop it if its thick enough" Also maybe the "range" of energies that gamma comes in should have been mentioned, as this affects what it can penetrate. A critique from down under

  • @ryanslife0772
    @ryanslife0772 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    What about cosmic rays

  • @ameenferry4988
    @ameenferry4988 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Luv the audio

  • @lindsayryder6919
    @lindsayryder6919 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    So many rude comments. Unnecessary.

    • @JodBronson
      @JodBronson 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      You should say so many dumb people. LOL

  • @emilydoherty668
    @emilydoherty668 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very helpful, thank you!

  • @ironlady2244
    @ironlady2244 7 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    You can easily block Alpha Radiation with a Gas Mask, Beta needs a full Hazmat outfit and a Mask, You can NOT avoid Gamma Ray.

    • @zurain
      @zurain 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      But you can reflect it

    • @hddhhdhdhddhf2206
      @hddhhdhdhddhf2206 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Or hide behind any dense object

    • @mewtwoinchernobyl
      @mewtwoinchernobyl 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      There is no escape...

  • @nickpn23
    @nickpn23 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    What about neutron radiation?

  • @VirtualPlayground0
    @VirtualPlayground0 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Alpha radiations can penetrate through 5 to 8 cm in air.Beta radiations can penetrate through 5m in air. Gamma radiations can penetrate through 500m in air. Alpha particles readily ionise the gas through which it passes. The ionising power of Alpha rays is 10000 times that of Gamma rays and 100 times that of Beta Rays.

  • @shreyasanilal2240
    @shreyasanilal2240 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    He sounds like viktor bryukhanov..... Those who watched Chernobyl series would get it...

  • @alexandersjolund6318
    @alexandersjolund6318 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    well, because Gamma rays are photons, they are tecnically photon particles at the same time as being wavelenghts.

  • @lynb87
    @lynb87 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    I like it except--I'm wondering why the alpha particles look like they have four positive charges when they have two. Also, you say that a beta particle is an electron and what gamma radiation is but you don't explicitly say what alpha radiation is.

    • @pranay430
      @pranay430 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +lynb87 alpha radiation has a plus 2 charge, it is often compared to a helium particle as they have the same number of protons and neutrons. Although you cant exactly call an alpha particle helium as it has no electrons.

    • @glenbrockwell9362
      @glenbrockwell9362 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Pranay Manghnani You CAN call it an ionized He atom.

  • @naziamostofa8006
    @naziamostofa8006 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    did the other voice overs die?

  • @tutohowto5345
    @tutohowto5345 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    2:22
    that's why "BIG SHOW'S" name starts with a "B"

  • @sabirinax
    @sabirinax 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Quarantine education boss

  • @TomJewson
    @TomJewson 11 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    At 3:00 You said that gamma radiation has no mass, but Einstein's law of energy being equivalent to mass, so surely it must have a mass.

  • @cit_63
    @cit_63 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    0:12 photographic pepper

  • @jeyakumarkalawathy3929
    @jeyakumarkalawathy3929 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good

  • @jav1738
    @jav1738 6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Lead does not stop gamma rays. it slows it down :)

    • @bintzubair
      @bintzubair 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Won't a thick enough layer of lead eventually stop a gamma particle if it slows it down?

    • @tungtran3878
      @tungtran3878 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@bintzubair Đọc Facebook : Trần Thanh Tùng ( Dấu Hỏi Chấm ) đi mọi người , để biết phương pháp CHECK của vệ tinh Trung Quốc 2011 - NHẬN THỨC của Mỹ 1975 , đỡ phải LOẠN LUÂN - TRĨ ĐÍT - ĂN THỊT NGƯỜI TƯƠI SỐNG để NHÌN - THEO DÕI - ĐỌC TƯ DUY não bộ , khi bị các bạn IT có thiết bị truyền thông Đài truyền hình - SHOWBIT lừa đảo là CÔNG AN - QUÂN ĐỘI nhằm lợi dụng

  • @TheDJLionman
    @TheDJLionman 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    instead of a mic you should try wring up a dead horse it might be alittle more clear.

  • @memphistaylor844
    @memphistaylor844 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good vid m8

  • @odalysreynoso7006
    @odalysreynoso7006 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    love it i understood 😜😜

  • @tsloane1
    @tsloane1 10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Me love this :)

  • @rajgoel669
    @rajgoel669 10 ปีที่แล้ว

    nice video

  • @عبداللهالحمود-م1ط
    @عبداللهالحمود-م1ط 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This from the reasons I want to learn Greek

  • @sarahbrewer2263
    @sarahbrewer2263 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    I CANT BELIEVE YOUVE DONE THIS

  • @osuushiza8
    @osuushiza8 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    It's been 4ever since I've learnt about these... Is it Alpha or Beta used in microwaves & smartphones? Bc I'd think it'd be Alpha as Beta would by X-rays & other radioactive medical & lab devices. And Gamma would simply be the sun x infinity... light wise!

  • @ajk4400
    @ajk4400 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    This presentation makes.one sleepy.

  • @chrissutton6182
    @chrissutton6182 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    please give your narrators a decent microphone! the animations are great, but they need decent sound.

    • @fuseschool
      @fuseschool  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks for the feedback - our recording process is much better nowadays. We agree, the old audio's weren't great.

  • @mdferdousali5090
    @mdferdousali5090 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Awesome video Keep sending them

  • @whoami696
    @whoami696 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    where I find gamma on the earth?

  • @ionhunter
    @ionhunter 9 ปีที่แล้ว

    KOOL!

  • @Xsuperskull
    @Xsuperskull 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Actually gamma isent stopped by lead but it is slowed down not stopped though great vid anyways

  • @MrPsychoTik
    @MrPsychoTik 10 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    This guy's my physics teacher at school :D

    • @the_dooof
      @the_dooof 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      That is very strange.... In my opinion.

    • @JoeSmith-ol5kp
      @JoeSmith-ol5kp 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Is he tho

  • @bobby3509
    @bobby3509 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Listen narrator, if you need to cough then cough

  • @michaelc.4321
    @michaelc.4321 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Alright, one mistake. Gamma is a particle, but the distribution and behavior acts like that of a wave.

  • @parulaggarwal9405
    @parulaggarwal9405 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Can be made better by changing the voice

  • @eunikenekundi2485
    @eunikenekundi2485 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    it is amazing