0:03 "We are at the dawn of a new day!" He must mean the establishment of the classless society and the abolition of private property! 0:05 "No i dont mean the classless society and abolition of private property." Damn.
@@tonywyli The party has used CCP and CPC interchangeably in the past. They've only settled on CPC domestically, and only for English language. CCP is a direct translation of 中国共产党 (China Communist Party).
PLA was a huge military that they took almost a decade to equip the Type 56 series. The counter-insurgency warfares in Tibet facilitated some of the unit involved to get their new Type 56s but during the sino-indian war of 1962, at least 4 regiments (mostly operating in western sectors) were still using their old type 53/54 bolt action rifles and submachines guns. My grandfather who joined the army in 1959 (24A/70D/208R) told me that during his first year of services his squad leader had the AK but he had the old type 53 instead.
I've never been more captivated and excited by a history lecture series before. I am always delighted by your sense of humour and speaking. Your course has proven to be very well structured. making me feel like I have a good picture of things leading into section 2 of this complex topic.
Whoa! Somehow I made it through Unit I. I’m not certain if I passed but I kept having nightmares that I was taking the Unit exam and I hadn’t studied for it.
This has been a blast of a series so far, comrade professor. There is no shortage of 'guntube' content tearing apart or telling you what an SKS is. You're the first to describe how the adoption of the SKS as the Type 56 was shaped by doctrine and material conditions of Maoist China, in other words, WHY an SKS is. I never felt the need snag a Type 56, but now I just might.
I was just reading about North Korea's army in 1950 and how most "training" was on the job--three weeks of basic, firing three shots from their rifles at perhaps 100 meters, then joining their units for the rest. Compared to the USMC with ten weeks of training (three weeks on the rifle range in 1950 and firing between 150 and 300 rounds during basic at 200 yards, 300 yards and 500 yards, with infantry specialists going to more training) the North Koreans had to rely on real world experience--they had to survive their experience in order to learn from it. Many of the North Korean army were long-term vets that may have been part of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, but then some of the senior Marine officers and sergeants were also veterans who had served with the PLA and/or fought against the PLA, had fought the Japanese in WW2, and were even experienced in more recent deployments after WW2. When I was stationed on Oahu in 1976 to 1979 a master gunnery sergeant in MAG-24 had been there as a private during the Pearl Harbor Raid. Institutional memory! North Korea had far more Soviet support than did the much larger Chinese PLA. North Korea had set up a factory to make Type 49 submachine guns (Korean-made PPSh-41) and one 1950 Marine Corps Intelligence report said that the average North Korean infantry battalion had 439 rifles and 162 submachine guns (plus DP light machine guns, a few heavy machine guns, a pair of 45mm anti-tank guns, some 14-5mm anti-tank rifles, nine 82mm and companies had a couple of 60mm mortars and even some rifles equipped with telescopic sights). The submachine guns were no luxury given the Korean state of rifle training--when in close combat the North Koreans needed their burp guns to address a firepower disparity. North Korea had Soviet F-1 fragmentation hand grenades at first--by comparison the Chinese stick grenades were ineffective, but the F-1 was on par with the American Mk II. The biggest NKPA shortfall seems to have been lack of radios--essentially, once the NKPA went south, they lost communications with headquarters, and they shared this shortcoming with Soviet forces. China was not as lavishly equipped as North Korea--the NKPA had 250 T-34/85 tanks, almost the minimum number of trucks to support them, and fairly solid close air support. North Korea even had anti-aircraft guns, just not a lot of them. I compare the NKPA to the PLA and it's clear that Mao beat the Nationalists without more than token Soviet support. I think Nationalist corruption was the major factor in the 1949 defeat that ejected the Nationalists to Taiwan.
Too bad you didn't name any names about which general is a part of which faction. But I can only guess? Lin Biao in the Red Dawn faction and Peng Dehuai in the modernisers faction?
There is more to the "guerilla army" or "modern force" decision. If you really want a people's war, you have to give the people the necessary guns and also the ability to organize themselves. But these actions weaken the political monopoly on power that a communist party in the sowjet mold demands. In Europe, the only communist State that really relied on the concept was Tito's Yugoslavia (and it would have bad consequences after 1990), the orthodox one's all relied in praxis on top-down control. It seems that the culture revolution and the final form of Maoism are casting their shadows ahead.
Guerilla model is dead end, voluntarily starting from weaker position and kneecapping your industry of the military development that synergizes with peace time economic progress is like putting up expiration date on your ability to defend. I don't think there is a way to make nuclear superpower work without top down centralized control be it soviet or not.
Yes, now that China is an industrial superpower, you don't see a lot of guerilla stuff going on (although the PLA do still keep that possiblity in mind when procuring small arms). However, this lecture is about Mainland China in 1958, where majority of the population basically surviving on subsistence farming, and there in basically no manufacturing capacity whatsoever. So yes, People's War was more or less of a cope, but it's not like there are any better ways. Context is important.
Can you make a video on military companies and rise in corruption in Deng’s time? Some of the hijinks like a man getting killed by a crate of gold are just wild.
Red Dawn should be renamed to Blue Dawn and who would be China's Patrick Swayze, maybe Lei Feng? And somehow that 1984 version has Chris Hemsworth (Thor) in it?!! Then just a few years later, the mighty Soviet Union is nowhere to be seen. Hollywood made a reboot of Red Dawn in 2012 had they had to switch the invaders in the script from the PLA to North Koreans for some reason. I have a feeling a Red Dawn 3.0 might be in the working somewhere near Mulholland Dr ...
The switch was apparently due to the Chinese loving American films. So to not anger the Chinese, the producers changed the PLA to the PLA and redubbed over the Chinese. Didn't quite work as I believe the Chinese figured out who the main baddie was by the "KPA" wearing PLA and bad voice dubbing.
For the Chinese “Blue Dawn” remake, the invading force is for some reason the Canadian army, but they’re all wearing American uniforms and using M1A2 MBTs instead of Leopard 2’s. And, these Canadians seem to have accidentally purchased F-22’s instead of F-35’s
I look forward to hearing these lessons each week. I have to wait until I have time to listen without distractions. Preferably inside my time capsule cabin whist drinking a few of the People’s Beers. Mr Sergei Simonov smiles from beyond. I am glad you are interested in my design. Please continue to listen to the professor’s lectures. Don’t be distracted you may learn something new 😅
Hmm, maybe there's a merch opportunity here! I just need to find a drop-shipper in China who can manufacture an amphibious tractor at an affordable price!
Lets never I mean NEVER ever refer to that abomination of a remake movie of the Beloved Red Dawn... Please... I beg of you... Ok... Unit 2... Hurray!!!
Man, Chinese military history is just too dense, hearing about Mao and his influence made me want to hear your lectures on the Long March and it's influence on Mao and thus the development of the PLA but that would probably need to be a whole other unit. The CCP and the PLA were/are so intertwined it's impossible to speak on one without getting into an entirely separate but highly related lecture on the other.
You don’t hear a lot about modern Chinese history, but considering we may have to fight them I think it’s important. And it’s not just that, like i said you don’t hear about it. This stuff is interesting as heck!! Like, I didn’t know this! This guy needs more traction
I still cannot determine what does more damage--a committee or a personality cult. The factors forcing China to keep the SKS Type 56 Carbine in service after adoption were complex. The Type 53 carbine (Mosin-Nagant) was still in militia service as late as 1990. By that time the former PLA and PVA soldiers of 1949 to 1955 were well past their service lives and in their seventies and eighties and nineties. Modernizing the PLA shoved these mostly illiterate Civil War/WW2 era soldiers aside. Today's Chinese miliary-age males have a lot in common with modern America couch potatoes. For a Chinese Red Dawn, the old and illiterate PLA would have been superior to today's PLA manpower pool. Given how often the PLA has changed over its "cutting edge" modern rifles, perhaps the Type 56 carbine isn't so bad after all. Or the older Type 53, for that matter. At least both of the old school rifles work. Today's crepe paper PLA recruits are not those iron soldiers that swarmed over UN forces in Korea. But then, American military recruits are not the Greatest Generation that stomped German and Japanese empires flat with a lot of help from our friends. The Type 63 has been fascinating since I found out about it in the late Seventies. Fifty years ago most information on Chinese weapons was more speculation than fact. Speaking of Red Dawn, the USSR was far more likely to invade China that was the US--and Chinese PLA leadership knew that. Admitting that would have upset fraternal socialist leadership of the time.
Well, there is a certain degree of survivorship bias, where only the "tough", cunning, and lucky ones could have survived the Civil War, and Korean War after. So yes, by comparison, the PLA soldiers nowadays could certainly not match. But then again, the "little emperors" nowadays command so much firepower, orders of magnitude more than their forefathers, amounts that the iron soldiers of chosin reservoirs could have only dreamed of. Is there really a need for iron soldiers who can subsist on nothing but melt snow, frozen potato and/or par-cooked flour? From the lecture, it is obvious that it's not for the lack of want of firepower that PLA of 1950s stuck with the SKS, but because there is more pressing concern in the form of "upcoming cataclysmic 'atomic' world war against the CAPITALIST RUNNING DOGS (and later, SOVIET REVISIONISTS)". And China of 1950s, with its basically nonexistent manufacturing capacity, could not possibly complete PLA's mechanization without being caught flatfooted. Except, in real life, that war never really happened, and China is really broke, and the rest, as we know, is history.
For that scenario I would like something that uses US ammo, for comparability with captured weapons and ammo. Actually copying US weapons would be a good option.
@@mojrimibnharb4584 Yes, but one will be using a mix of the weapons one started with and captured weapons, it would be helpful if they use the same ammo. Also the captured weapons and ammo might not be in the desired ratio; say you capture a supply convoy with lots of ammo but only the weapons of the drivers. Actually copying US weapons would mean that people are already trained on the captured weapons.
0:03 "We are at the dawn of a new day!"
He must mean the establishment of the classless society and the abolition of private property!
0:05 "No i dont mean the classless society and abolition of private property."
Damn.
This man is the Schwerpunkt of Chinese PLA and CCP history.
That is a hiiiiiigghh compliment :)
if schwerpunkt was intelligible and actually pleasurable to watch
Should be CPC not CCP
I was thinking the same thing lol, Great to see other Schwerpunkt viewers here.
@@tonywyli The party has used CCP and CPC interchangeably in the past. They've only settled on CPC domestically, and only for English language. CCP is a direct translation of 中国共产党 (China Communist Party).
PLA was a huge military that they took almost a decade to equip the Type 56 series. The counter-insurgency warfares in Tibet facilitated some of the unit involved to get their new Type 56s but during the sino-indian war of 1962, at least 4 regiments (mostly operating in western sectors) were still using their old type 53/54 bolt action rifles and submachines guns. My grandfather who joined the army in 1959 (24A/70D/208R) told me that during his first year of services his squad leader had the AK but he had the old type 53 instead.
This is our next-to-next episode!!!!
Thank you for the additional information
I've never been more captivated and excited by a history lecture series before. I am always delighted by your sense of humour and speaking. Your course has proven to be very well structured. making me feel like I have a good picture of things leading into section 2 of this complex topic.
Whoa! Somehow I made it through Unit I. I’m not certain if I passed but I kept having nightmares that I was taking the Unit exam and I hadn’t studied for it.
what a show! i forgot how hard and dark Mao's world view are sometimes.
I mean… it makes sense 🤷♂️
I am more excited waiting for the new Type 56 episode every week, than i was for House of the Dragon.
I gotta give big kudos to your on-point movie references--you definitely know your audience and what pop culture will stick with them.
This has been a blast of a series so far, comrade professor. There is no shortage of 'guntube' content tearing apart or telling you what an SKS is.
You're the first to describe how the adoption of the SKS as the Type 56 was shaped by doctrine and material conditions of Maoist China, in other words, WHY an SKS is.
I never felt the need snag a Type 56, but now I just might.
You're a very captivating lecturer.
Time to rewatch part one in full.
I love this channel.
Professor Clower, you're fantastic. California doesn't deserve you.
Come to Texas, I will vouch for you!
Then get a type 56
@@robbob9273 Only the PLA should have guns. 👍🤣
Oh man the arguing between the Chairman and the PLA is going to get ugly once things get underway. Informative as always.
Simply the best channel on you tube
You're much too kind. But I don't mind a bit!
Agreed
Good work, JC!
The unicycle line killed me
Love these videos!
4:25 "Death from below" - that's a good motto for sappers, but submariners got it already apparently.
It's ok, were on the gun side of TH-cam, the Red Dawn remake can't hurt you here.
I was just reading about North Korea's army in 1950 and how most "training" was on the job--three weeks of basic, firing three shots from their rifles at perhaps 100 meters, then joining their units for the rest.
Compared to the USMC with ten weeks of training (three weeks on the rifle range in 1950 and firing between 150 and 300 rounds during basic at 200 yards, 300 yards and 500 yards, with infantry specialists going to more training) the North Koreans had to rely on real world experience--they had to survive their experience in order to learn from it. Many of the North Korean army were long-term vets that may have been part of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, but then some of the senior Marine officers and sergeants were also veterans who had served with the PLA and/or fought against the PLA, had fought the Japanese in WW2, and were even experienced in more recent deployments after WW2.
When I was stationed on Oahu in 1976 to 1979 a master gunnery sergeant in MAG-24 had been there as a private during the Pearl Harbor Raid. Institutional memory!
North Korea had far more Soviet support than did the much larger Chinese PLA. North Korea had set up a factory to make Type 49 submachine guns (Korean-made PPSh-41) and one 1950 Marine Corps Intelligence report said that the average North Korean infantry battalion had 439 rifles and 162 submachine guns (plus DP light machine guns, a few heavy machine guns, a pair of 45mm anti-tank guns, some 14-5mm anti-tank rifles, nine 82mm and companies had a couple of 60mm mortars and even some rifles equipped with telescopic sights). The submachine guns were no luxury given the Korean state of rifle training--when in close combat the North Koreans needed their burp guns to address a firepower disparity.
North Korea had Soviet F-1 fragmentation hand grenades at first--by comparison the Chinese stick grenades were ineffective, but the F-1 was on par with the American Mk II. The biggest NKPA shortfall seems to have been lack of radios--essentially, once the NKPA went south, they lost communications with headquarters, and they shared this shortcoming with Soviet forces.
China was not as lavishly equipped as North Korea--the NKPA had 250 T-34/85 tanks, almost the minimum number of trucks to support them, and fairly solid close air support. North Korea even had anti-aircraft guns, just not a lot of them. I compare the NKPA to the PLA and it's clear that Mao beat the Nationalists without more than token Soviet support. I think Nationalist corruption was the major factor in the 1949 defeat that ejected the Nationalists to Taiwan.
You're back! Do you remember where you read that about the North Korean "extremely-basic training?"
@@Type56_Ordnance_Dept Osprey books Combat #64 "Korea 1950; US Marine versus North Korean Soldier" by Bob Cashner. Copyright 2022
Was your dramatic music at 0:55 from the revealing of The Machine from The Secret Of Monkey Island?
Now, but now I have to check that out!
在1978年之后的文献中都会修正和忽视1957年之后毛主席退休并投入“第二线”--也就是国家和党主席等位置（物质世界的实际权力或表面/直接权力）都不属于毛主席，毛主席按计划只投入思想或哲学领域工作。包括出访赫鲁晓夫当权的苏联以及国内政治和文化界的风向变化最终很快的改变了他的计划，导致后世的主流舆论引导人们认为他之前的这种退休计划是某种虚伪的巩固自己权力的手段。而根据当时具体现实，其实很难证明这种观点。
在军事哲学方面，似乎“正规派”某种意义上也代表了“僵化的和机械的”苏联模式、死板一战形态战线的国土防御、“少数的机器般的职业军队”却脱离群众；而“红色黎明派”似乎代表了更大规模的前三十年的游击战、后勤战、运动战、更加政治正确的领土内部的全民抗战，但是加入了数量有限但使用新时代高科技的少数正规特种部队进行配合
Chairman Mao wants to hear opinions? In some sort of "hundred flowers campaign"?
Who wants to go to the Guerrilla Rodeo in Chinese Colorado?
Too bad you didn't name any names about which general is a part of which faction. But I can only guess? Lin Biao in the Red Dawn faction and Peng Dehuai in the modernisers faction?
Oh, names will be named!!!!
We call him the SKS Guy
Love!!!
All my homies hate the modernists. Red Dawn Mao Team where ya'll at?
There is more to the "guerilla army" or "modern force" decision. If you really want a people's war, you have to give the people the necessary guns and also the ability to organize themselves.
But these actions weaken the political monopoly on power that a communist party in the sowjet mold demands.
In Europe, the only communist State that really relied on the concept was Tito's Yugoslavia (and it would have bad consequences after 1990), the orthodox one's all relied in praxis on top-down control.
It seems that the culture revolution and the final form of Maoism are casting their shadows ahead.
Guerilla model is dead end, voluntarily starting from weaker position and kneecapping your industry of the military development that synergizes with peace time economic progress is like putting up expiration date on your ability to defend.
I don't think there is a way to make nuclear superpower work without top down centralized control be it soviet or not.
Yes, now that China is an industrial superpower, you don't see a lot of guerilla stuff going on (although the PLA do still keep that possiblity in mind when procuring small arms). However, this lecture is about Mainland China in 1958, where majority of the population basically surviving on subsistence farming, and there in basically no manufacturing capacity whatsoever.
So yes, People's War was more or less of a cope, but it's not like there are any better ways. Context is important.
Can you make a video on military companies and rise in corruption in Deng’s time? Some of the hijinks like a man getting killed by a crate of gold are just wild.
3:24 at least the batteries are included … I hope
Red Dawn should be renamed to Blue Dawn and who would be China's Patrick Swayze, maybe Lei Feng? And somehow that 1984 version has Chris Hemsworth (Thor) in it?!! Then just a few years later, the mighty Soviet Union is nowhere to be seen. Hollywood made a reboot of Red Dawn in 2012 had they had to switch the invaders in the script from the PLA to North Koreans for some reason. I have a feeling a Red Dawn 3.0 might be in the working somewhere near Mulholland Dr ...
The switch was apparently due to the Chinese loving American films. So to not anger the Chinese, the producers changed the PLA to the PLA and redubbed over the Chinese.
Didn't quite work as I believe the Chinese figured out who the main baddie was by the "KPA" wearing PLA and bad voice dubbing.
For the Chinese “Blue Dawn” remake, the invading force is for some reason the Canadian army, but they’re all wearing American uniforms and using M1A2 MBTs instead of Leopard 2’s.
And, these Canadians seem to have accidentally purchased F-22’s instead of F-35’s
@@kevinalmgren8332. Perfect example
Wow, what a difference 70 years make.
I look forward to hearing these lessons each week. I have to wait until I have time to listen without distractions. Preferably inside my time capsule cabin whist drinking a few of the People’s Beers. Mr Sergei Simonov smiles from beyond. I am glad you are interested in my design. Please continue to listen to the professor’s lectures. Don’t be distracted you may learn something new 😅
Why not an exam at the end of the course?
space-age communist surf tractor sounds like the type of thing i'd buy on your shopify / bunker branding store.
Hmm, maybe there's a merch opportunity here! I just need to find a drop-shipper in China who can manufacture an amphibious tractor at an affordable price!
Lets never I mean NEVER ever refer to that abomination of a remake movie of the Beloved Red Dawn... Please... I beg of you...
Ok... Unit 2... Hurray!!!
The The Fedorov Avtomat is the only rifle cooler than the Type 63.🤔🤣👍
... and uglier than a bubba'ed SKS.
Man, Chinese military history is just too dense, hearing about Mao and his influence made me want to hear your lectures on the Long March and it's influence on Mao and thus the development of the PLA but that would probably need to be a whole other unit. The CCP and the PLA were/are so intertwined it's impossible to speak on one without getting into an entirely separate but highly related lecture on the other.
You don’t hear a lot about modern Chinese history, but considering we may have to fight them I think it’s important. And it’s not just that, like i said you don’t hear about it. This stuff is interesting as heck!! Like, I didn’t know this! This guy needs more traction
No you don't have to fight them, you'd CHOOSE to fight them.
56th like! Hoo-ah!
I still cannot determine what does more damage--a committee or a personality cult. The factors forcing China to keep the SKS Type 56 Carbine in service after adoption were complex.
The Type 53 carbine (Mosin-Nagant) was still in militia service as late as 1990. By that time the former PLA and PVA soldiers of 1949 to 1955 were well past their service lives and in their seventies and eighties and nineties. Modernizing the PLA shoved these mostly illiterate Civil War/WW2 era soldiers aside. Today's Chinese miliary-age males have a lot in common with modern America couch potatoes. For a Chinese Red Dawn, the old and illiterate PLA would have been superior to today's PLA manpower pool. Given how often the PLA has changed over its "cutting edge" modern rifles, perhaps the Type 56 carbine isn't so bad after all. Or the older Type 53, for that matter. At least both of the old school rifles work. Today's crepe paper PLA recruits are not those iron soldiers that swarmed over UN forces in Korea. But then, American military recruits are not the Greatest Generation that stomped German and Japanese empires flat with a lot of help from our friends.
The Type 63 has been fascinating since I found out about it in the late Seventies. Fifty years ago most information on Chinese weapons was more speculation than fact.
Speaking of Red Dawn, the USSR was far more likely to invade China that was the US--and Chinese PLA leadership knew that. Admitting that would have upset fraternal socialist leadership of the time.
Well, there is a certain degree of survivorship bias, where only the "tough", cunning, and lucky ones could have survived the Civil War, and Korean War after. So yes, by comparison, the PLA soldiers nowadays could certainly not match. But then again, the "little emperors" nowadays command so much firepower, orders of magnitude more than their forefathers, amounts that the iron soldiers of chosin reservoirs could have only dreamed of. Is there really a need for iron soldiers who can subsist on nothing but melt snow, frozen potato and/or par-cooked flour?
From the lecture, it is obvious that it's not for the lack of want of firepower that PLA of 1950s stuck with the SKS, but because there is more pressing concern in the form of "upcoming cataclysmic 'atomic' world war against the CAPITALIST RUNNING DOGS (and later, SOVIET REVISIONISTS)". And China of 1950s, with its basically nonexistent manufacturing capacity, could not possibly complete PLA's mechanization without being caught flatfooted. Except, in real life, that war never really happened, and China is really broke, and the rest, as we know, is history.
1st to be 3rd!!! : )
1st!
I'm fully caught up now and I don't like it.
太啰嗦
For that scenario I would like something that uses US ammo, for comparability with captured weapons and ammo. Actually copying US weapons would be a good option.
M1 Carbine immediately came to mind upon reading your comment.
If that's available, so will US weapons.
@@mojrimibnharb4584 Yes, but one will be using a mix of the weapons one started with and captured weapons, it would be helpful if they use the same ammo. Also the captured weapons and ammo might not be in the desired ratio; say you capture a supply convoy with lots of ammo but only the weapons of the drivers. Actually copying US weapons would mean that people are already trained on the captured weapons.
No place to get the tooling from and no ability to manufacture the tooling.
@@charlesphillips4575 The odds of my scenario are far better than the odds of yours.