High Voltage Surge Protection Transient Suppressor Circuit Using Zener Diodes & Fuses
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 11 ธ.ค. 2024
- This electronics video tutorial explains how to create a surge protection circuit which is also known as a transient suppressor circuit using zener diodes and a fuse. The zener diodes protects the circuit against high voltage spikes where as the fuse protects the circuit from high current surges.
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The Fuse should be between the Power source and the TVS diodes so that it does overload & damage the diodes if the over voltage state persists for a long period. If the Fuse was before the diodes it would protect the load & the diodes. The Fuse could be an NTC fuse: resistor with a negative temperature co-efficient such that if the current draw exceeds the normal load the resistance will increase limiting the current flowing in, which would protect the TVS diodes and the load. If you just use one diode for a DC circuit (instead of two TVS diodes back-to-back) and use the NTC fuse it would also protect the circuit from incorrect voltage polarity (ie the power source is connected backwards) The TVS diode would conduct current if the power supply is connected, and the NTC fuse would limit the current flowing from overloading the TVS diode.
TVS Diode = Zener diode that can handle a lot more current than a Zener diode. TVS = Transient Voltage Suppression.
YOU ARE CHAMPION!
I think Positive Temperature Coefficient should be used? Because increase in current will increase temperature of resistance, increase the resistance thereby reducing the current flowing through it.
@@37prakhar Yeah, Your right, I ment to say PTC. I got it backwards, One of those brain f*rts I guess. but the concept is sound. Its still the best way to provide over voltage and reverse polarity protection.
But the title using zener diode not tvs 😅 , but you rights 👍
I'm trying to protect my bipolar switch from high voltage transient inducted by switching off an AC induction motor (230-240VAC/50Hz - 550W motor press drill). I started to think at snubber RC in parallel with the load, but I still didn't managed to figure out C and R values; I simulated the circuit in falstad, but I cannot clamp voltage under 1kV unless I select big C...
So now I'm thinking to a TVS diode. Do you think that a TVS diode would be preferable instead of RC snubber for the purpose? And how I should proceed to select the right diode?
Dude I never commented a video on youtube.. You nailed it
And you screwed up your first time lol
thanks for explaining the power surge device is basically a diode. You went straight to the chase
Your videos help me a lot ty sooo much I’m bad at math and science so thanks soooo much for the help with all the stuff I have trouble on
thank you so much!!! you're the best teacher!!! greetings from PERU°°°
Great stuff man. Understood this concept very well.
Very well explained 👍
Wonderful explanation! Thanks!
Excellent Video on the Zener Diode application and operation.
thank you for explaining
you are the best !
Thank u ...😊
Nicely done!
For an alternating source, should you have a fuse on both sides of the device?
Good video good explanation
how about putting the fuse right on the output of the power supply, so when the zener diodes burn and short, it blows, protecting the psu from shorting?
good video
Great video, thank you
What is the alternative components for tvs diode?
So nice
Can I ask as per ohms law does the voltage spike if it does not exceed the Zener current, does it also clip the voltage to the Zener voltage but raise the current, so to be clear if we were to be able to somehow test that ‘grounded’ voltage would it be 12.6~ but at a higher current as per ohms law and things ?
Zener diodes does not really apply to Ohms law which applies to resistors. A Zener diode is an active device that switches on (conducts) when the voltage apply reaches its voltage limit. So a 12V Zener from 0 to 11.9VDC the Zener is switched off, but when the voltage reaches 12V it conducts. It will conduct any current as long as the supply voltage is equal or above 12V. However the Zener can only handle a limited amount of current before it fails. Normally a Zener is placed in series with a current limiting device to prevent it from getting destroyed in an over current state.
Guy Tech thanks greatly for the comprehensive answer, yes I have noticed that various diodes are not applicable to that law, as an active device though my question is more focused on the relationship between V and C which was what lead me to quote ohms law, perhaps there is some other more relevant rule?
However that was where my query focused, in this case of say a V spike , let’s assume the active device Zener clips the V so what is being passed is the Zener V however the spike itself is many times greater, I automatically assumed that the V to C ratio is ‘true’ that is to say in the example the ‘grounded’ V is more or less the Zener V and the ‘volume’ of the spike is the ‘current’ ?
Sorry if I’m not being clear enough.
Guy Tech also any tips on getting a Ford serpentine main belt on with only two hands ?
Ignore that I might have figured it out. Thanks again.
@@kolinevans9127 Current limiting would be dependent on the amount of current the power source can provide and an current impedience (resistance & inductance), or until the diode fails to an open circuit.
Presuming these is some resistance below the maxiumum diode current rating, it the voltage will drop to the diode conduction voltage. If the Zener\TVS diode has a voltage rating of 12V than the voltage across the diode will fall to 12V.
if there is a high voltage transient spike (say 200V for 100 ns) the diode will clamp the spike preventing the voltage across the diode exceeding 12V (presuming a 12V TVS\Zener diode is used). However if the transient voltage is excessive (say 20KV @ 100 ns) its likely to cause the diode fail because the diode can only absorb so much energy.
Generally Zener diodes are not used for transient voltage spikes because the cannot handle much current. However semiconductor Manufacturers offer TVS diodes for circuit protection.
That said most consumer electronics use MOVs (Metal Oxide Varsisters) for TVS protection because they are much cheaper. However MOVs have a very limited number of cycles before they fail.
Why would a bidirectional diode (or 2 Zeners) be between an indicator light and ground in a 28V dc circuit?
can i use zener diode on AC current
how can current flow from the anode to the cathode? i thought diodes only let current flow in one direction ( cathode to anode) right? I am trouble shooting a circuit that has the anode of a schottky diode in sequence with the anode of a rectifier diode. Confusing because
I though diodes were one way.
That's exactly what's special about a Zener diode. It nominally allows current to pass in only one direction. But if the reverse voltage goes beyond the "breakdown" voltage, it will conduct in the opposite direction until the voltage falls below the breakdown threshold.
Well explained but how the voltage is added as 12.6. actually it will substraction as (12-0.6=11.4)that D2 is not reverse biased at 11.4).
At 12.6v, D1 will drop 0.6v, remaining 12v will make D2 conduct in reverse bias, any lower voltage will not make D2 conduct as it needs at least 12v + 0.6v for D1 = 12.6v.
@@mmghv I have another Doubt can you explain. Actually, the supply, Zenor diode, Load are connected in parallel. Hence the voltage across the load is same as supply, how then this voltage suppressor works. (I know if the voltage above 12.6 then the Zenor will take current, But the voltage is same Right?)
@@ajayj6398Well, that's how a zener diode works, it clamps the voltage, I'm not an expert or an academic, but how I imagine it in my head (same for opamp feedback circuit) is when the voltage exceeds the clamping point it will cause the diode to conduct causing the voltage to drop causing the diode to not conduct so the voltages rises causing the diode to again conduct causing the voltages to drop, and the cycle repeats at the speed of .. physics? .. so what you will actually end with is an equilibrium where the voltage is kept steady at the clamping point. والله اعلم
how to test bidirectional hvs
What about 12v DC ?
Ok
Ok
Ok
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Ok
Ok
Shouldn't the fuse be on the supply side?
I’ve a question! What happens if the diodes conduct at the same same? Why is it impossible to happen!?
Diodes conduct in one direction. The supply voltage is alternating, which means during the first half cycle, only one diode can allow the voltage to pass while the other diode blocks the passage of the voltage when the voltage is reversed, the other diode that blocks the passage of voltage will conduct while the former that conducted will block the passage of voltage.
They can conduct at the same time if the forward biased voltage of one is equal to the revers biased voltage of the other, let's say there's a 0.6v zener diode, then at 1.2v both diodes will conduct at the same time, anyway it doesn't matter if they conduct at the same time or not, if one of them is blocking then no current can flow in any of them, the whole idea of using 2 diodes is allowing the AC current to flow in both directions, if it's DC then you'd only need one zener diode.
didnt realize this was chemistry lol
:)))
It's electrochemistry
or use 2 normal diode antiparallel
Bro, are you reading my book? Lol that is a joke.