I don't think it's Chinese influence, but more of an internal development. I think why ti, si etc. became chi and shi is palatalization. In my native language Polish this has also happened. Our ti became ci and is exactly pronounced like ち, si is pronounced like しand dzi (from soft d'/dj) became ぢ.
Yes, I also think it’s interesting. I’d say it’s very similar to the changes from Old English (Anglo-Saxon) to Modern English. However, due to the much less frequency of foreign contact, Japan was able to control the amount of foreign words more so than in Britain.
It's a shockingly universal thing to have the words for "mom" and "dad" be very simple reduplicated syllables like that, you'll find tons of completely unrelated languages where the words are something like "tata", "nana", "baba", etc. The theory is that its because those sounds are some of the first children learn to make consistently. So it makes sense for the words for "mom" and "daddy" to be easy to make.
@@SquigPie ig you missed the point that "papa" is word used mostly to refer to your father, not your mother lol, so it's weird to see that this word was used for "mother" in this language.
When I was high school student, my history teacher taught me that “Lord Fujiwara” was actually pronounced as “Lord Putimpala” and now I understand it seemed to be truth.
japanese language is actually austronesian by language family, the only reason why japanese is not classified as austronesian language because since most japanese people look east asian similar to koreans, mongolian and chinese people, while most austronesians have short height shorter than east asians, dark skin almost similar to african people but africans are way more darker, flat and wide nose, their eyes are much wider and lacking "slanted" features on their eyes but like other southeast asians and east asians they still possess epicanthic fold, austronesians are east asian by looking but have a color similar to that of indian people or south asian people, japanese are basically sinonized austronesians, it is likely that the early japanese on the japan island we're dark skinned people but through out the years they evolved with light skin and became east asian by appearance through color, eye shape and nose because of the time they live in island of japan
@@그럴수도있지 i do not believe that japanese language is an isolate language and i do believe that japanese language is related to austronesian language family but it's difference compared to other austronesian language is that japanese language absorbed many chinese loanwords integrated into their language after japan adopted the chinese civilization cultural theme as you can see japanese culture is entirely similar to chinese culture, aside from it japanese language also absorbed some loanwords from european languages such as portuguese like the word "arigato" which was derived from the portuguese thank you word 'obrigado' and some english loanwords to the lesser extent this mostly happened at the time when USA occupied the entire of japan after they surrendered when they got defeated by the americans in world war 2, it's first english loanwords absorbance occurrence may have happened during the meiji period when USA visited japan to have trades back in year 1870s
@@그럴수도있지 there are many strong linking evidences of migration of early people to japan coming from other places where austronesian languages are spoken today
@@MTC008 Whether you believe it or not, Japanese is considered a language isolate. You claim that there many strong linking evidence, but you have not provided any evidence to prove that Japanese belongs to austronesian language family. Additionally, “Arigato, ありがとう” comes from the older word “arigatashi, 有り難し” which means “difficult to be,” and its continuative form “arigataku, 有り難く” which has undergone euphonic change, not derived from Portuguese.
It is totally comprihensible if you apply some rules p -> h (some case w) ti tu -> chi tsu di du -> ji zu ö -> o I mean, I can surely say it is almost unchanged.
What I see as a linguistics student: diachronically, there is devocalization (p to h), which feeds in some places h deletion (kapo to kaho to kao), palatalization (tu to tsu, si to shi), w deletion (awo to ao, uwo to uo, tho this may specifically be for the 'wo' context), and some form of vowel de-rounding, where ë, ö, ï were once distinctive vowels but lost the round feature and shifted into one of the remaining 5. Interestingly, modern Japanese u is also unrounded, so I wonder if that was also a product of this sound change. Synchronically, there's also an underlying sound not reflected in the transcription: nasals are being added in front of voiced obstruents (kaze is actually kanze, pidari is pindari, migi is minggi, etc). This is a insertion rule has not survived to modern Japanese, altho some speakers pronounce "g" as "ng" intervocalically, which may be a descendent of that change. And of course, this is pre-Nara, so no Chinese influence yet, making the syllables (surface level) strictly CV. That's what Ive noticed at least from this data set, but there's definitely more. I'm not even gonna try to parse out the syntax
Some additional comments: - the lenition of p also produced a p to w change: kapa > kawa (river) - the nasal insertion is known as 'prenazalization' and has indeed been lost in MoJ (although as you similar similar processes happen for some speakers and particularly in some dialects) - the distinctive vowel phenomenon is known as the 'ko/otsu' distinction, and as the writing system was syllabic, we're not actually 100% sure if the distinction pertained to the vowels, the initial consonant in the syllable (as some sort of palatalization perhaps), or to both (although most now agree it was likely on the vowel and not the consonant)
@@fe2nyan "Papa" turned to "haha", which is "mother" in current Japanese. Seems many P sounds turned to H sounds over the centuries. "Okasan" is wrong. It's "Okaasan", and it's a more formal form of the word "mother". You can see 母 (haha) is inside お母さん (okaasan), but pronounced as "kaa". And I'm not being pedantic with the correction. Vowel length is extremely important in Japanese. If you said "Okasan" to a Japanese person, they'd think you were talking about someone named Oka.
The native speakers in my household assert that intelligibility to modern speakers is close to zero. "Sounds like Korean". The nasals and the "ö" phoneme could still be found in pre-modern dialects. My wife says her grandmother, who spoke a Shikoku dialect, still used an "ö" sound in some place and some nasals.
As someone currently learning Japanese in Japan, this sounds more like a related language rather than the same language (like Spanish and English). I definitely hear many similar words but others are waaay different from what they are today or some used differently then here. Very interesting! Edit: I noticed a lot of words that begin with a “p” sound here changed into an “h” sound today.
Not really surprising as Austronesian languages originate in Asia where polynesians migrated from. I'm Māori and noticed more similarities. English = Māori = Japanese Mother = Papa (Honorific) = Papa Father = Tā (Honorific) = Titi Ten = Tekau = Tö I = Ahau = Are That = Ara = Are Eye = Mata = Me Late night = Po = Yo World, Era = Ao = Yö Year = Tau = Tösi Sea = Wai/Wata = Wata I can list much more words but these were the ones used in the video lol. I'm sure Samoan or East Polynesian languages would also be similar.
@@michan6705 Vowel harmony. Old Japanese certainly had more vowels (7-8) which exhibited "vowel harmony" - certain vowels being forbidden to go together in a word. This can be deduced from the rhyming in old poems. Plausibility is added by comparison to "related" languages in what was formally known as the "Altaic group". But we cannot easily reconstruct how those vowels sounded. One approach is to take a "related" languages like Old Turkic, which still exhibit vowel harmony and borrow pronounciation from them.
Anyone else who speaks Japanese found this very interesting and fun? It's almost like a dialect of modern Japanese. Some words are the same and in others the change is merely the sound "o" being replaced by the "ö" and the "fu" by the "pu". Very interesting! I'd love to learn it if there is anywhere they teach it!
Interesting. If I zone out a bit it starts to sound like Korean. Particularly in the dynamic of intonations in full sentences. But there's also more tonal variations in singular words, like Chinese. Modern Japanese doesn't have those similarities anymore. Just proves how those 3 civilizations affect each other.
Or turkic/mongolic Japanese has some weird similarities to some languages of Siberian origin. It’s probably why lots of people consider Japanese as a altai language.
@@LordBackurolots of people dont consider japanese an altai language, that has been debunked like 30 years ago, Linguists cant even prove that japanese is related to korean, let alone Kazakh
Wait a sec, this sounds very similar to Finnish! I mean some words in modern Japanese also sounds very Finnish to me but somehow the Ö just added a whole new layer of similarity XD
@@Yanaaa_0312 no the grammar and alot of borrowed vocab is differnt amongst languages in Philippines vs standard Malay/Indo. Some local Indonesian languages especially in Sulawesi share more grammar similarities to Filipino languages
I’m still learning to speak modern Japanese, but I find it interesting how similar it is. As a native English speaker, having this level of similarity despite 1300 years passing is astonishing.
Okinawan / uchinaaguchi / Okinawa Hougen still holds some of these different sounds since it has a common ancestor with Japanese. Most Ryukyuan languages do. And talking about similar words/sentences: Nice to meet you - Hajimemashite (Japanese) - Hajimiti Yaibiin (Okinawan) Help - Tasukete (Japanese) - Tashikiti (Okinawan) Yamato Language (Reference to the Japanese Language) - Yamato no Kotoba (Japanese) - Yamatu nu Kutuba (Okinawan) If you find a mistake or have something to add, let me know!
I kinda hate seeing the comments comparing Japanese with Austronesian or even whatever it is. Guys, Japan is technically a mixed east Asian country. The southern part has relations with native Taiwanese and Austronesian people and some Mon Khmer People. While the Northern Parts are Paleo Siberians and Native Siberians. So if you got both Altaic, Austronesians and Austro-Asiatic came here saying that it's similar to their language. Let me remind you that Japan is technically mixed, if you look georgraphically. Japan is like a bridge between Siberians and southeast Asians and then the Chinese came and influenced the local culture. So for you guys who said that Japanese is an Austronesian or Austro Asiatic. Stop, please stop. It's mixed, otherwise why would some Japanese vocabularies have shared connections Hebrew as well ? Does that mean Japanese is a Semitic language ? Of course not. Japanese also has shared vocabularies with The Dravidian Languages, does that mean Japanese is a southern Indian language ? Of course, not. Japan has tons of history of mixing without us knowing it. It is an unique country of it's own.
There are theories that Proto-Anatonesian Language of Philippines and Old Japanese Language are related languages. Proto-Anatonesian Numbers 1-Noydeto 2 - Dredata 3 - Mitakoy 4 - Yetopan 5 - Yingtoto 6 - Nomoto 7 - Penato 8 - Yatwal 9 - Kekem 10 - Ton Old Japanese Numbers 1-Pitetu 2 - Putatu 3 - Mitu 4 - Yetu 5 - Itutu 6 - Mutu 7 - Nanatu 8 - Yatu 9 - Kekenetu 10 - Te Eskaya of Bohol Numbers (Anatonesian) 1 - Oy 2 - Tre 3 - Koy 4 - Pan 5 - Sing 6 - Nom 7 - Pen 8 - Wal 9 - Sem 10 - Pon Respect my comment. ✌️
japan is actually an austreonesian language being spoken in east asia but have sino influences from china just like the madagascar language an austreonesian language spoken in an island country like japan but this island country of madagascar is besiding south africa and their language madagascar have bantu influences but malagasy language is also austreonesian like japanese language
@@BradleyGao japan language is not isolate, isolated languages usually cannot be relate to other languages, korean is also not an isolate language because korea was a former eastern wu dialect language of china, for example japan language words like "Nakagawa" have utterly similarity with neighboring austreonesian language words like from tagalog
As someone who translates very very old Japanese stories for my own TH-camr channel, I find this video very informative. I appreciate it. Keep up the good work, friend.
As a non-speaker of japanese (brazilian), I was able to understand the similarity between the numbers. 1 is ichi, also hitotsu, similar to pitötu 2 is ni, also futatsu, similar to putatu 3 is san, also mitsu, similar to mitu 4 is shi/yon, also yotsu, similar to yötu 5 is go, also itsutsu, similar to itutu 6 is roku, also mutsu, similar to mutu 7 is nana/shichi, also nanatsu, similar to nanatu 8 is hachi, also yotsu, similar to yatu 9 kyu, also kokonatsu, similar to kökönötu 10 is ju, also to, similar to tö Romaji aside (no kanji/hiragana/katakana for me HAHA), they're phonetically identical. It's great to learn more about languages.
The words from numbers that do not resemble Old Japanese were actually borrowed from Middle Chinese. (OJ : Old Japanese, MC: Middle Chinese, M: Mandarin, C: Cantonese) 1: OJ pitö > hito MC yit > ichi, M: yī, C: jat 2: OJ puta > futa MC nyí > ni, M: èr (yes, that one's a weird one, MC "ny" developed in weird ways later on), C: ji 3: OJ mi > mi MC: sám > san, M: sān, C: saam 4: OJ yö > yo MC: sí > shi, M: sì, C: sei 5: OJ: itu > itsu MC: nguò > go, M: wǔ, C: ng (who needs vowels anyway?) 6: OJ: mu > mu MC: liuk > roku, M: liù, C: luk 7: OJ: nana > nana MC: ts'it > sichi, M: qī, C: cat (pronounced "tsat") 8: OJ ya > ya MC: pet > hachi (with the usual P > H sound change), M: bā, C: baat 9: OJ: kökönö > kokono MC: kiù > kyū, M: jiǔ, C: gau 10: OJ: tö > to MC: dzip > jū (through Middle Japanese zifu, ziu), M: shí, C: sap
In the present, the pre‐nasalized voiced stops all remain in some Japanese dialects (especially, in Tōhoku region). In the Kamakura period, it was supposed to be common throughout Japan.
It’s so interesting to see how Korean and Japanese have influenced one another. I am Korean and I can pick up some words that are clearly related to (or loaned from) Korean vocab.
There is certainly a relationship between Korean and Japanese, but its more complicated than straight borrowing. Linguists cannot agree. The most sensible theory is that modern Korean borrowed from a language once spoken in southern Korea, most likely Baekje. Said language may have been a "sister language" of Japanese, comming from the origins but not its direct ancestor either.
I think “kasira” in 1:04 translates to “head” and not “heat.” The modern Japanese word for “head” is かしら which is read as “kashira” so I think there’s some form of correlation. I could be wrong, but I think it’s too much of a coincidence for words that are almost spelled the exact same way in English to also have a similar sounds in old and modern Japanese.
Even though we Filipinos spell it as "itsura," we pronounce it as "i[t]-chu-ra" (sometimes "hi[t]-chu-ra") because we don't naturally differentiate between "ts" and "ch". It's why we pronounce "tsaa" (tea) as "cha-a," "tsinelas" (slippers, sandals) as "chi-ne-las," and "Tsino" (Chinese) as "chi-no."
Interesting how recognisable some of the words are, especially with some understanding of sound change. Most of these words tend to be resistant to change though. Very interesting sounding language.
It is indeed curious to think that the Ainu and the Yamato peoples shared almost the same word for "god", even though they had so many different cultural aspects between each other... Those similarities are even found in modern Japanese, but the old one literally has the same final sound of some kind of "ui" so...yep, maybe the word was pretty much the same, something that may open discussions about links between those two peoples and languages.
The pronunciation is quite different from modern Japanese, but I think that anyone who knows dialects from around Japan and has studied classical Japanese can understand it quite well. Even I was able to understand about 70% of it.
As a half turk, old Japanese numerals sound far more like something from a turkic language or mongol or even uralic. Especially with the "Ö" sounds. It’s just very Siberian sounding. I guess maybe that’s why some linguists theorize Japanese is part if the Altaic language family.
I read somewhere that there were 8 Japanese languages within the archipelago where 300 kingdoms once resided 500 years ago. If I'm not mistaken, most were the Ainu languages. They are either dead or severely endangered. As the centuries past, modern Japanese language triumphs alone.
All the words is still same as today as long you understand the systematic rule of the sound shift from Old Japanese to Modern Japanese like P - > h or f, and old Japanese p in second syllabe became silent h, Ti dan tu became chi and tsu old Japanese have two i and o but merged in modern Japanese
That's because they are. Notice that a lot of /p/ sounds shifted to /h/ and /φ/ sounds. And of course, "tu" shifted to "tsu." pitotu > hitotsu putatu > futatsu mitu > mitsu yotu > yotsu itutu > itsutsu mutu > muttsu nanatu > nanatsu yatu > yattsu kokonotu > kokonotsu to > tou
0:47 "Ye" and "oto" are sexless words. Therefore "Ye" (兄) means "elder sibling" and "Oto" (弟) means "younger sibling". For example, "Ye-hime" (兄比賣) meant "older sister-lady". "A-no-Ye" (吾之兄, "my elder sibling") would develop into modern "Ane" (姉, "elder sister") and "Ani" (兄, "elder brother"). Under Chinese confucian influence it became important to differentiate between "older sister" and "older brother", "younger brother" and "younger sister".
し ち つ ふ ゐ ゑ を were Si, Ti, Tu, Hu, Wi, We, and Wo. There were also ï, ö, Yi, Ye, and Wu. Nihon is no longer Yamatö. Edit: I accidentally did not put the comma.
I think this is the original form of Yaoyi Language without the chinese influence, I'm a chinese and in modern japanese I could often hear words with similar pronunciation with Chinese
This sounds so odd. As an English speaker studying modern Japanese, this sounds like Japanese but if you ran the vowels through French and the intonation through Chinese. The si, ti, and extra p sounds really change the overall sound of the language, too.
Most of them are, it’s just that the phonology has changed eg p -> h in some words and palatalisation in others the biggest difference is the grammatical forms of verbs where I can’t see a link to the modern language much at all
when you realize that the old japanese counting system in this video is still in use except its used to count the number of "things". pitotu = hitotsu putatu = hutatsu mitu = mittsu yotu = yottsu . . .
I think Old Japanese might be Austronesian, after comparing it with the Bisaya language, some words are too similar to be coincidence. See examples below: English: brother that is a dog Old japanese: oto no inu Bisaya: otod nga iro are (I) === ari (here, to me) i (you) === ikaw (you) kore (this) === kiri (this) titi (father) === tatay (father) opodi (grandfather) === apohan (grandparent) ye (older brother) === iyo (elder), kuya (older brother) oto (younger brother) === otod (sibling) me (eye) === mata (eye) kami (deities/spirits) === kami (we/us) tura (facial profile) === itsura (facial profile) inu (dog) === iro (dog) wi (boar) === iwik (boar sound) kake (chicken) === kokok (a type of big bird) ki (tree) === kahoy (tree/wood) pa (leaf) === pakli (leaf) awo (blue) === bughaw (blue) siro (white) === sirohan (white/blank) kuro (black) === kurong (dark veil) na (name) === ngan (name) akatuki (early morning) === aga (early morning) from Hiligaynon language tosi (year) === tuig (year) pi (fire) === apoy (fire) from Tagalog language ama (heaven) === ama (father) tuti (soil) === yuta (soil) nani (what?) === ngano (why?) iduku (where) === diin (where) ikani (how) === ingon ani (like this)
"aratasi" survives as a na adjective "arata (na)" which is used mostly in written text, while atarashii is used both in spoken and written contexts and is more common. The switching of the syllables is metathesis in linguistics! An example in English: "horse" was originally 'hros' and the sounds got switched up as well :o
Japanese would not sound nearly as cool had it not been for the consonant shift of "ti", "si" and "tu" becoming "chi", "shi" and "tsu". It really makes the language sound more badass.
only phonetic inventory (vocals and consonants) that sounds like Austronesian. Most of words aren't cognates with Austronesian. So, Austronesian link to Japanese is actually very low.
Austronesian. Islander stuff. Syllabic like Filipino fresh from ancient Taiwan. Modern Japanese is probably a displaced court language directly from the mainland. Modern Japanese is highly implied. Ancient Japanese is highly outspoken.
I am surprised that I understood most of what is read here... Even though there are many differences between these two languages old Japanese and modern Japanese, it is still understandable for me. And that makes me feel a little bit strange.
Also great to know that "NANI?!!!" has remained unchanged throughout the ages😂
yeah
Agree %100
cringe
kusa
to the delight of the global anime loving community.
it's interesting how old Japanese had both "tu" and "ti" sounds which later got replaced with "tsu" and "chi" sounds
it's because of Chinese influence
Like Mongolian And Turkic back then
I don't think it's Chinese influence, but more of an internal development. I think why ti, si etc. became chi and shi is palatalization. In my native language Polish this has also happened. Our ti became ci and is exactly pronounced like ち, si is pronounced like しand dzi (from soft d'/dj) became ぢ.
@@rodrigoappendino In portuguese from Portugal we don´t pronounce the "ti" as "chi", that´s brazilian portuguese.
Yes, I also think it’s interesting. I’d say it’s very similar to the changes from Old English (Anglo-Saxon) to Modern English. However, due to the much less frequency of foreign contact, Japan was able to control the amount of foreign words more so than in Britain.
0:44
English : mother
Old Japanese : papa
Me : nani!?
2:11
It's a shockingly universal thing to have the words for "mom" and "dad" be very simple reduplicated syllables like that, you'll find tons of completely unrelated languages where the words are something like "tata", "nana", "baba", etc.
The theory is that its because those sounds are some of the first children learn to make consistently. So it makes sense for the words for "mom" and "daddy" to be easy to make.
@@SquigPie ig you missed the point that "papa" is word used mostly to refer to your father, not your mother lol, so it's weird to see that this word was used for "mother" in this language.
English: Father
Old Japanese: Titi
Spanish speaker: Que!?
Modern Japanese: haha
lol
One, two: “potato, potahto”
Popapotato
😂😂😂
"hitotsu, futatsu" in modern Japanese.
Lmao
Coconutu
When I was high school student, my history teacher taught me that “Lord Fujiwara” was actually pronounced as “Lord Putimpala” and now I understand it seemed to be truth.
japanese language is actually austronesian by language family, the only reason why japanese is not classified as austronesian language because since most japanese people look east asian similar to koreans, mongolian and chinese people, while most austronesians have short height shorter than east asians, dark skin almost similar to african people but africans are way more darker, flat and wide nose, their eyes are much wider and lacking "slanted" features on their eyes but like other southeast asians and east asians they still possess epicanthic fold, austronesians are east asian by looking but have a color similar to that of indian people or south asian people, japanese are basically sinonized austronesians, it is likely that the early japanese on the japan island we're dark skinned people but through out the years they evolved with light skin and became east asian by appearance through color, eye shape and nose because of the time they live in island of japan
@@MTC008Japanese belongs to the Japanese language family
@@그럴수도있지 i do not believe that japanese language is an isolate language and i do believe that japanese language is related to austronesian language family but it's difference compared to other austronesian language is that japanese language absorbed many chinese loanwords integrated into their language after japan adopted the chinese civilization cultural theme as you can see japanese culture is entirely similar to chinese culture, aside from it japanese language also absorbed some loanwords from european languages such as portuguese like the word "arigato" which was derived from the portuguese thank you word 'obrigado' and some english loanwords to the lesser extent this mostly happened at the time when USA occupied the entire of japan after they surrendered when they got defeated by the americans in world war 2, it's first english loanwords absorbance occurrence may have happened during the meiji period when USA visited japan to have trades back in year 1870s
@@그럴수도있지 there are many strong linking evidences of migration of early people to japan coming from other places where austronesian languages are spoken today
@@MTC008 Whether you believe it or not, Japanese is considered a language isolate. You claim that there many strong linking evidence, but you have not provided any evidence to prove that Japanese belongs to austronesian language family.
Additionally, “Arigato, ありがとう” comes from the older word “arigatashi, 有り難し” which means “difficult to be,” and its continuative form “arigataku, 有り難く” which has undergone euphonic change, not derived from Portuguese.
Things i learn here
The sea is full of wata 1:57
Papa is mama 0:45
Ikani(old japan) bakani(Iban/austronesia) 2:14
I got really impressed with the fact that papa is mama lol
In the Georgian language papa is mama and mama is papa
@@evk7464 papa now changed to haha
"see" you is mata
And arigatasi sounds eeriely similar to terima kasih
Pï (old japanese) api (Malay/austronesian) *sapuy (proto-austronesian) fire
I can only imagine how confused Japanese people would be if they would travel back in time and try to communicate with others
Same with Old English! It looks kinda German and kinda Celtic but nothing like English nowadays T_T
@@lolhcd Language is so awesome!
*if they travelled
I’m a native Japanese speaker and I was already shook at the the numbers lmaoo.
but it is actually very similar to the japanese counting system if you exclude the 'tu' part.
would you compare modern japanese and old japanese to old english and modern english
Not really
japanese = sinonized austronesian language
It is totally comprihensible if you apply some rules
p -> h (some case w)
ti tu -> chi tsu
di du -> ji zu
ö -> o
I mean, I can surely say it is almost unchanged.
What I see as a linguistics student: diachronically, there is devocalization (p to h), which feeds in some places h deletion (kapo to kaho to kao), palatalization (tu to tsu, si to shi), w deletion (awo to ao, uwo to uo, tho this may specifically be for the 'wo' context), and some form of vowel de-rounding, where ë, ö, ï were once distinctive vowels but lost the round feature and shifted into one of the remaining 5. Interestingly, modern Japanese u is also unrounded, so I wonder if that was also a product of this sound change. Synchronically, there's also an underlying sound not reflected in the transcription: nasals are being added in front of voiced obstruents (kaze is actually kanze, pidari is pindari, migi is minggi, etc). This is a insertion rule has not survived to modern Japanese, altho some speakers pronounce "g" as "ng" intervocalically, which may be a descendent of that change. And of course, this is pre-Nara, so no Chinese influence yet, making the syllables (surface level) strictly CV. That's what Ive noticed at least from this data set, but there's definitely more. I'm not even gonna try to parse out the syntax
I love all these comments like this one
Some additional comments:
- the lenition of p also produced a p to w change: kapa > kawa (river)
- the nasal insertion is known as 'prenazalization' and has indeed been lost in MoJ (although as you similar similar processes happen for some speakers and particularly in some dialects)
- the distinctive vowel phenomenon is known as the 'ko/otsu' distinction, and as the writing system was syllabic, we're not actually 100% sure if the distinction pertained to the vowels, the initial consonant in the syllable (as some sort of palatalization perhaps), or to both (although most now agree it was likely on the vowel and not the consonant)
I love learning old languages like this.
to speak to who?😂
Other nerds who like learning old languages like this (me)
Mother is “papa” in old Japanese? Wow. You learn something new everyday.
Now it’s “Okasan”!
@@fe2nyan
"Papa" turned to "haha", which is "mother" in current Japanese. Seems many P sounds turned to H sounds over the centuries.
"Okasan" is wrong. It's "Okaasan", and it's a more formal form of the word "mother".
You can see 母 (haha) is inside お母さん (okaasan), but pronounced as "kaa".
And I'm not being pedantic with the correction. Vowel length is extremely important in Japanese. If you said "Okasan" to a Japanese person, they'd think you were talking about someone named Oka.
P became H/F
papa -> haha
Si became Shi
asi -> ashi
Tu became Tsu
putatu -> futatsu
Ti became Chi
titi -> chichi
Ö became O
töri -> tori
Is it how it's actually sound like in old Japanese?
Or is it just romanization mistake?
it's interesting how some of the sounds paletalised and softened over time
@@Ememew1261 modern japanese
It's quite weird to hear 'ti', 'si', 'wo' and such a lot 'p' in japanese.
@@rigasferaios8205 but common in okinawan
The native speakers in my household assert that intelligibility to modern speakers is close to zero. "Sounds like Korean".
The nasals and the "ö" phoneme could still be found in pre-modern dialects. My wife says her grandmother, who spoke a Shikoku dialect, still used an "ö" sound in some place and some nasals.
Not really
Japanese doesn’t allowed CVC
Japanese more sound like Polynesian and Bantu language
As someone currently learning Japanese in Japan, this sounds more like a related language rather than the same language (like Spanish and English). I definitely hear many similar words but others are waaay different from what they are today or some used differently then here. Very interesting!
Edit: I noticed a lot of words that begin with a “p” sound here changed into an “h” sound today.
it’s because japanese adopted a lot of chinese loanwords
If someone made me listen to this and asked me what language it is, I would definitely say it is Finnish
There is a theory that japanese and Finnish are distantly related but in the same family.
@@tailsofpearls I think it is ural-altaic language family If I am not wrong
Kind of a Turkic as well. All those "ö"s and other vowels.
@@keptins that's more of an orthographic choice, if not then you could put Nias language in Turkic too.
@@erlikhan4217 nope actually they never related..its debunked theory
It’s amazing. The Polynesian/Austronesian word for “mother” is also “papa”.
Because japonic and austronesian ever lived near to each other
As someone who speaks western languages, this is so strange 😂
Not really surprising as Austronesian languages originate in Asia where polynesians migrated from. I'm Māori and noticed more similarities.
English = Māori = Japanese
Mother = Papa (Honorific) = Papa
Father = Tā (Honorific) = Titi
Ten = Tekau = Tö
I = Ahau = Are
That = Ara = Are
Eye = Mata = Me
Late night = Po = Yo
World, Era = Ao = Yö
Year = Tau = Tösi
Sea = Wai/Wata = Wata
I can list much more words but these were the ones used in the video lol. I'm sure Samoan or East Polynesian languages would also be similar.
All languages have a similar one. Semitic languages aba, some baba because babies can only make those noises when first learning to speak
it's actually "ama" not papa lol
There are several theories on what Old Japanese sounded like; this one chooses the "ö" sound whereas other scholars think it was a "wo" sound.
What are the theories?
@@michan6705 Vowel harmony. Old Japanese certainly had more vowels (7-8) which exhibited "vowel harmony" - certain vowels being forbidden to go together in a word. This can be deduced from the rhyming in old poems. Plausibility is added by comparison to "related" languages in what was formally known as the "Altaic group".
But we cannot easily reconstruct how those vowels sounded. One approach is to take a "related" languages like Old Turkic, which still exhibit vowel harmony and borrow pronounciation from them.
I far prefer the "wo" idea. I'm not sure I'm a fan of the ö sound in this language...
Do you know of any examples of how that could have potentially sounded (like this video)??
@@michaelrenper796 Thanks for the explanation. Are there any examples for this version of old Japanese pronunciation?
Anyone else who speaks Japanese found this very interesting and fun? It's almost like a dialect of modern Japanese. Some words are the same and in others the change is merely the sound "o" being replaced by the "ö" and the "fu" by the "pu". Very interesting! I'd love to learn it if there is anywhere they teach it!
"Sounds" like Ainu. The guy speaking it is probably not japanese.
@@shinji5217he is probably Japanese.
I have seen a Japanese video,voice on the video is like his voice.
¿Hablas Español?
Interesting. If I zone out a bit it starts to sound like Korean. Particularly in the dynamic of intonations in full sentences. But there's also more tonal variations in singular words, like Chinese.
Modern Japanese doesn't have those similarities anymore.
Just proves how those 3 civilizations affect each other.
Old school Japanese sounds suspiciously a lot like Finno-Ugric languages.
Or turkic/mongolic
Japanese has some weird similarities to some languages of Siberian origin.
It’s probably why lots of people consider Japanese as a altai language.
@@LordBackurolots of people dont consider japanese an altai language, that has been debunked like 30 years ago, Linguists cant even prove that japanese is related to korean, let alone Kazakh
is amazing how even the spoken language has changed pronunciation-wise, a lot of vocabulary is preserved in modern japanese
Comparing Old Japanese to other Asian language families:
Child/Kid: *kuo = *kuən (Mon-Khmer)
Hand: *te = *tiiʔ (Mon-Khmer)
Eye: *me = *mat (Mon-Khmer), *mata (Austronesian), m.ta (Tai)
Woman: *mie = *miə (Tai)
Bird: *töri = *tolk (Middle Korean), *manuk (Austronesian), *m.nok (Tai)
Water: *midu = *mil (Middle Korean)
Fire: *pui = *apuy (Austronesian), *vəi (Tai, modern Thai /fai/)
Tooth: *pa = *nipən (Austronesian), *van (Tai, modern Thai /fan/)
Paddy: *ta = *na (Tai)
Door: *to = *pintu (Austronesian), *p.tu (Tai)
Earth/Soil: *tuti = *tiʔ (Mon-Khmer)
Forest: *mori = *briiʔ (Mon-Khmer)
Mountain/Hill: *yama = *bnəm (Mon-Khmer)
Rain: *ame = *gmaʔ (Mon-Khmer)
Cloud: *kumuo = *kməl (Mon-Khmer)
God/Spirit: *kamui = *kmuuc (Mon-Khmer)
I also got one
Kuro - Kara (turkic)
Didn't know that we're so related but i am not really sure, but u did a great job to find this 😗
It seems like a people related to the austronesians and mon khmers prob came to Japan from the southwest islands from either China or Taiwan?
I also found "töri" similar to Arabic's "ta'ir", which means bird.
Are there any patterns in sound changes that you see? If so, there could be a chance that there's a Mon-Khmer-Buyeo language family.
1:48
2:11
Lol I snorted
P word
@@_McCormickProductions there is two
1:55
I love how all the words are still used today nearly unchanged and even I could easily link all old and new japanese words here presented.
Wait a sec, this sounds very similar to Finnish! I mean some words in modern Japanese also sounds very Finnish to me but somehow the Ö just added a whole new layer of similarity XD
And Hungarian too haha
@@marconemeth9683 how come
How come
This is how Philippines' Pinoy/Tagalog sounds like to Malay Language speakers. Including Indonesians and Bruneis
Absolutely! I kind of understand a little bit of Tagalog with how similar it is to Malay language yet at the same time it doesn't make sense to me.
Really? Interesting..I guess it has something to do with how the vowels are pronounced? 😅
malay and indonesian are the same
@@Yanaaa_0312 no the grammar and alot of borrowed vocab is differnt amongst languages in Philippines vs standard Malay/Indo. Some local Indonesian languages especially in Sulawesi share more grammar similarities to Filipino languages
malay and indo are the same in its like u.k and u.s english the differents is accents
I’m still learning to speak modern Japanese, but I find it interesting how similar it is. As a native English speaker, having this level of similarity despite 1300 years passing is astonishing.
It's a good reminder that there are other people who love languages as much as I do. 😌
Okinawan / uchinaaguchi / Okinawa Hougen still holds some of these different sounds since it has a common ancestor with Japanese. Most Ryukyuan languages do.
And talking about similar words/sentences:
Nice to meet you - Hajimemashite (Japanese) - Hajimiti Yaibiin (Okinawan)
Help - Tasukete (Japanese) - Tashikiti (Okinawan)
Yamato Language (Reference to the Japanese Language) - Yamato no Kotoba (Japanese) - Yamatu nu Kutuba (Okinawan)
If you find a mistake or have something to add, let me know!
2:44
As a Filipino, I couldn't help but to smile 😁😂
Koko ni titi papa
Same 😂👌
What does that mean in Filipino?
Coconut,Dad's sausage
@@alexfrt01 note:we don't use Koko(i think it's just an unnecessary loanword;we actually use "Buko" for coconut)
Hahahaha gaga
I kinda hate seeing the comments comparing Japanese with Austronesian or even whatever it is.
Guys, Japan is technically a mixed east Asian country.
The southern part has relations with native Taiwanese and Austronesian people and some Mon Khmer People.
While the Northern Parts are Paleo Siberians and Native Siberians.
So if you got both Altaic, Austronesians and Austro-Asiatic came here saying that it's similar to their language.
Let me remind you that Japan is technically mixed, if you look georgraphically. Japan is like a bridge between Siberians and southeast Asians and then the Chinese came and influenced the local culture.
So for you guys who said that Japanese is an Austronesian or Austro Asiatic.
Stop, please stop.
It's mixed, otherwise why would some Japanese vocabularies have shared connections Hebrew as well ? Does that mean Japanese is a Semitic language ? Of course not. Japanese also has shared vocabularies with The Dravidian Languages, does that mean Japanese is a southern Indian language ? Of course, not.
Japan has tons of history of mixing without us knowing it.
It is an unique country of it's own.
Wait until you read some European people comparing Finnish with japanese💀💀🥶
@@NoName-if7of considering that there's actually uralic tribes in Siberia and there's Yukaghir tribes near The Artic Tundras, make sense to me.
@@kevinton7023 that's not european😀💀
@@NoName-if7of but their language families does exist in Europe as well, so...
There are theories that Proto-Anatonesian Language of Philippines and Old Japanese Language are related languages.
Proto-Anatonesian Numbers
1-Noydeto
2 - Dredata
3 - Mitakoy
4 - Yetopan
5 - Yingtoto
6 - Nomoto
7 - Penato
8 - Yatwal
9 - Kekem
10 - Ton
Old Japanese Numbers
1-Pitetu
2 - Putatu
3 - Mitu
4 - Yetu
5 - Itutu
6 - Mutu
7 - Nanatu
8 - Yatu
9 - Kekenetu
10 - Te
Eskaya of Bohol Numbers (Anatonesian)
1 - Oy
2 - Tre
3 - Koy
4 - Pan
5 - Sing
6 - Nom
7 - Pen
8 - Wal
9 - Sem
10 - Pon
Respect my comment. ✌️
Somehow, old japanese sounds a lot like when someone tries to imitate the modern japanese... Weird, right? Beautiful language, though. ❤️
Next time I see a thousand yo character in anime, I want them to speak old Japanese
This ^
Potato
Sounds like Finnish in a way with pronunciation and articulation
Glad I'm not the only one lol. It sounds a lot like Finnish without it having anything to do with Finnish. It's weird.
japan is actually an austreonesian language being spoken in east asia but have sino influences from china just like the madagascar language an austreonesian language spoken in an island country like japan but this island country of madagascar is besiding south africa and their language madagascar have bantu influences but malagasy language is also austreonesian like japanese language
@@MTC008 Japanese is not a Austronesian language. It has been theorized to be a language isolate.
I thought the same LOL It sounds like Finnish and kind of Hungarian
@@BradleyGao japan language is not isolate, isolated languages usually cannot be relate to other languages, korean is also not an isolate language because korea was a former eastern wu dialect language of china, for example japan language words like "Nakagawa" have utterly similarity with neighboring austreonesian language words like from tagalog
As someone who translates very very old Japanese stories for my own TH-camr channel, I find this video very informative. I appreciate it. Keep up the good work, friend.
As a Japanese, I can confirm some of them remained exact same and some have a bit changed.
But when it comes to sentences, it's impossible to understand😂
Wow, so words like “yon”, “nana” and “musume” are some of the only survivors from the earliest language 😮
Only survivors? The majority of those words are still in modern Japanese, if you take into account the general pronunciation changes.
A lot of those are still in modern Japanese if you know which sounds have shifted to what.
akatuki = akatsuki
pitotu = hitotsu
midu = mizu
etc. etc.
0:44 👩=👨
Old Japanese "papa" to Modern Standard Japanese "haha". The consonant mutation isn't surprising.
0:43 👨=🍅🍅
@@legendarypussydestroyer6943 0:28 😶
2:11
1:48
Imagine being a star
2:12
As a non-speaker of japanese (brazilian), I was able to understand the similarity between the numbers.
1 is ichi, also hitotsu, similar to pitötu
2 is ni, also futatsu, similar to putatu
3 is san, also mitsu, similar to mitu
4 is shi/yon, also yotsu, similar to yötu
5 is go, also itsutsu, similar to itutu
6 is roku, also mutsu, similar to mutu
7 is nana/shichi, also nanatsu, similar to nanatu
8 is hachi, also yotsu, similar to yatu
9 kyu, also kokonatsu, similar to kökönötu
10 is ju, also to, similar to tö
Romaji aside (no kanji/hiragana/katakana for me HAHA), they're phonetically identical.
It's great to learn more about languages.
I enjoyed your comment. Thank you.
The words from numbers that do not resemble Old Japanese were actually borrowed from Middle Chinese.
(OJ : Old Japanese, MC: Middle Chinese, M: Mandarin, C: Cantonese)
1: OJ pitö > hito
MC yit > ichi, M: yī, C: jat
2: OJ puta > futa
MC nyí > ni, M: èr (yes, that one's a weird one, MC "ny" developed in weird ways later on), C: ji
3: OJ mi > mi
MC: sám > san, M: sān, C: saam
4: OJ yö > yo
MC: sí > shi, M: sì, C: sei
5: OJ: itu > itsu
MC: nguò > go, M: wǔ, C: ng (who needs vowels anyway?)
6: OJ: mu > mu
MC: liuk > roku, M: liù, C: luk
7: OJ: nana > nana
MC: ts'it > sichi, M: qī, C: cat (pronounced "tsat")
8: OJ ya > ya
MC: pet > hachi (with the usual P > H sound change), M: bā, C: baat
9: OJ: kökönö > kokono
MC: kiù > kyū, M: jiǔ, C: gau
10: OJ: tö > to
MC: dzip > jū (through Middle Japanese zifu, ziu), M: shí, C: sap
@@taimunozhan cool
I'VE BEEN WAITING FOR THIS FOR SO FUCKING LONG THANK YOU
Its very close to any Austronesian(Southeast Asia) and Polynesian language family. Kind of see why, its the "island people" language
As a japanese language studen I could recognize the numbers, the counters.
I find the consonant changes very interesting.
実に興味深い！
I like the pre-nasalized voiced stops (b, d, g) here. In modern Japanese it has some reflexes in intervocalic g changing into ŋ IIRC.
what is IIRC?
@@kemalmusthafa779 "If I Remember Correctly"
In the present, the pre‐nasalized voiced stops all remain in some Japanese dialects (especially, in Tōhoku region). In the Kamakura period, it was supposed to be common throughout Japan.
It's like Japanese without long vowels and double consonants. I love the rhythm of old Japanese.
「まことなりや」と「あっぱれ」だけ感情こもってるのすこ
それはそうと、私の知ってる古文より半濁音がだいぶ多いが…
It’s so interesting to see how Korean and Japanese have influenced one another. I am Korean and I can pick up some words that are clearly related to (or loaned from) Korean vocab.
That's simply because they are related to each other and came from the same archeogenetic lineage (Liao River).
fire - pï, sea - wada
are similar to Korean words (bul, bada) but they may be just similar
Are You from 大韓민國
Or the other way round.
There is certainly a relationship between Korean and Japanese, but its more complicated than straight borrowing. Linguists cannot agree.
The most sensible theory is that modern Korean borrowed from a language once spoken in southern Korea, most likely Baekje. Said language may have been a "sister language" of Japanese, comming from the origins but not its direct ancestor either.
As someone who has taken a year of Japanese so far in college, this sounds both familiar and borked at the same time.
The phonetic inventory(vowels consonants) of this Old Japanese is closer to present day Uchinaguchi (Okinawan language) than modern Japanese.
Sometimes TH-cam is full of surprises, I didn't even know some pronunciations of this old Japanese language.
I've been subbed to Omi for a while, super cool to see him here!
Finally old Japanese!!
Thanks for making this video!!!
Oh, no! Even though I'm Japanese, I hardly understand this language! 'Arigatasi(I appreciate.)' for uploading this video!
なんかP音が今よりずっと多い気がするね。昔はもっと音が複雑で細かく区別されてたけど、今は色々音が統合したり省かれたりして、減っていったってことかな？
Nobody:
The word fish in old japanese: UwO
I think “kasira” in 1:04 translates to “head” and not “heat.” The modern Japanese word for “head” is かしら which is read as “kashira” so I think there’s some form of correlation. I could be wrong, but I think it’s too much of a coincidence for words that are almost spelled the exact same way in English to also have a similar sounds in old and modern Japanese.
The word for head in Japanese in atama
@@cterence1767 and so is kashira. They mean the same thing.
@@cterence1767 Some things and ideas have more than one word in many languages.
It sounded much similar to Korean to some extent, like the Ph sounds for instance.
Whoa! It’s so different from the modern Japanese I am hearing now here in Japan! Even the pronunciation is so different.
Omg! Tura is Tsura also in Filipino. It means facial profile or just apperance.
It’s same origin , lineage
Even though we Filipinos spell it as "itsura," we pronounce it as "i[t]-chu-ra" (sometimes "hi[t]-chu-ra") because we don't naturally differentiate between "ts" and "ch". It's why we pronounce "tsaa" (tea) as "cha-a," "tsinelas" (slippers, sandals) as "chi-ne-las," and "Tsino" (Chinese) as "chi-no."
it sounds so much closer to turkic, uralic, and mongolic. i found it interesting as a turk
大和言葉＝Yamato Kotoba 7
日＝(hi) = day, sun; 火＝(hi) = fire; 月＝(tsuki) = moon, month; 暁月（暁）＝(akatsuki) = early morning; 昼＝(hiru) = noon, period between sunrise and sunset; 夜＝(yoru) = night; 夜中＝(yachuu) = midnight; 年＝(toshi) = year; 星＝(hoshi) = star; 火＝(hi) = fire
Yachu is Yonaka
Native reading(kun)
Chinese reading (on)
English: mother
German: mutter
Italian: mamma
French: maman
Old japanese: papa
Rest of the World: NANI?!
In georgian Mama means father. 😆
That’s because all those languages derived from proto indo European
Spanish: madre.
@@edielgomez3809
Spanish:madre
Chinese:are you saying 'what the hell'
Those are all related languages, so of course they would be similar where Japanese is not.
Interesting how recognisable some of the words are, especially with some understanding of sound change. Most of these words tend to be resistant to change though. Very interesting sounding language.
So miku was actually singing levan polka in old japanese
nah its finnish xD
It sounds like cartman speaking regular japanese
知らなかった❗️スゴイ😳
It is indeed curious to think that the Ainu and the Yamato peoples shared almost the same word for "god", even though they had so many different cultural aspects between each other... Those similarities are even found in modern Japanese, but the old one literally has the same final sound of some kind of "ui" so...yep, maybe the word was pretty much the same, something that may open discussions about links between those two peoples and languages.
Sounds like Japanese but older. Like how Latin sounds to Italians probably.
This analogy is actually perfect, as many Latin consonants softened in similar ways.
大和言葉＝Yamato Kotoba 4
子＝(ko) = child; 娘＝(musume) = daughter; 人＝(hito) = people; 愛女＝(aime) = woman; 目＝(me) = eye; 耳＝(mimi) = ear; 鼻＝(hanà) = nose; 花＝(haná) = flower; 口＝(kuchi) = mouth; 紙＝(kamì) = paper; 髪＝(kamí) = hair; 神＝(kámi) = God
The pronunciation is quite different from modern Japanese, but I think that anyone who knows dialects from around Japan and has studied classical Japanese can understand it quite well. Even I was able to understand about 70% of it.
Old Japanese for people: pitö
Spanish speakers: 😳
As a half turk, old Japanese numerals sound far more like something from a turkic language or mongol or even uralic. Especially with the "Ö" sounds. It’s just very Siberian sounding.
I guess maybe that’s why some linguists theorize Japanese is part if the Altaic language family.
The "Titi" word in the Philippines means sensitive part of male body
So that's where 一つ through とお come from! Very interesting
I read somewhere that there were 8 Japanese languages within the archipelago where 300 kingdoms once resided 500 years ago. If I'm not mistaken, most were the Ainu languages. They are either dead or severely endangered. As the centuries past, modern Japanese language triumphs alone.
Really? I thought Japanese is One race
Ahh, maybe you have been told about Emishi people. Southern Japan itself, south part of Kyūshu was resided by Austronesian tribes (Hayato or Kumaso).
Very interesting, I see some words are still the same as they are today, such as inu for dog and other words
N A N I
All the words is still same as today as long you understand the systematic rule of the sound shift from Old Japanese to Modern Japanese like
P - > h or f, and old Japanese p in second syllabe became silent h,
Ti dan tu became chi and tsu
old Japanese have two i and o but merged in modern Japanese
Is it just me or are old japanese cardinal numbers very like the modern japanese ordinal numbers ( putatu=futatsu)?
That's because they are. Notice that a lot of /p/ sounds shifted to /h/ and /φ/ sounds. And of course, "tu" shifted to "tsu."
pitotu > hitotsu
putatu > futatsu
mitu > mitsu
yotu > yotsu
itutu > itsutsu
mutu > muttsu
nanatu > nanatsu
yatu > yattsu
kokonotu > kokonotsu
to > tou
0:47 "Ye" and "oto" are sexless words.
Therefore "Ye" (兄) means "elder sibling" and "Oto" (弟) means "younger sibling".
For example, "Ye-hime" (兄比賣) meant "older sister-lady".
"A-no-Ye" (吾之兄, "my elder sibling") would develop into modern "Ane" (姉, "elder sister") and "Ani" (兄, "elder brother").
Under Chinese confucian influence it became important to differentiate between "older sister" and "older brother", "younger brother" and "younger sister".
し ち つ ふ ゐ ゑ を were Si, Ti, Tu, Hu, Wi, We, and Wo. There were also ï, ö, Yi, Ye, and Wu. Nihon is no longer Yamatö.
Edit: I accidentally did not put the comma.
韓国語＋沖縄＋九州の方言が合わさったみたいな感じに聞こえる👀✨
Wow, it sounds familiar and foreign at the same time... very strange. Also interesting how some words are mostly the same (e.g. 鳥 and 何).
大和言葉＝Yamato Kotoba 6
鳥＝(tori) = bird; 魚＝(uo) = fish; 草＝(kusà) = grass; 木＝(kí) = wood/tree; 気＝(kì) = air; 葉＝(hà) = leaf; 歯＝(hã) = tooth; 羽＝(há) = wing; 鳥の羽＝(torì no hánè) = wing of the bird; 実＝(mí) = fruit; 赤＝(ákà) = red; 青＝(ao) = blue; 白い＝(shiroi) = white; 黒い＝(kuroi) = black; 名前＝(namàé) = name
I think this is the original form of Yaoyi Language without the chinese influence, I'm a chinese and in modern japanese I could often hear words with similar pronunciation with Chinese
I am now waiting for "Bad Apple but it's in Old Japanese".
Titi tata wasnt unintentional lol
This sounds so odd. As an English speaker studying modern Japanese, this sounds like Japanese but if you ran the vowels through French and the intonation through Chinese. The si, ti, and extra p sounds really change the overall sound of the language, too.
Imagine running to your mother like “PAPA”
what i understood is that the 'pi' has been replaced by 'hi' and 'tu' to 'tsu' in modern Japanese
Many of the old japanese words have remained in the modern japanese language. Such as
ねずみ nezumi - meaning mouse
Most of them are, it’s just that the phonology has changed eg p -> h in some words and palatalisation in others the biggest difference is the grammatical forms of verbs where I can’t see a link to the modern language much at all
when you realize that the old japanese counting system in this video is still in use except its used to count the number of "things".
pitotu = hitotsu
putatu = hutatsu
mitu = mittsu
yotu = yottsu
.
.
.
I think Old Japanese might be Austronesian, after comparing it with the Bisaya language, some words are too similar to be coincidence. See examples below:
English: brother that is a dog
Old japanese: oto no inu
Bisaya: otod nga iro
are (I) === ari (here, to me)
i (you) === ikaw (you)
kore (this) === kiri (this)
titi (father) === tatay (father)
opodi (grandfather) === apohan (grandparent)
ye (older brother) === iyo (elder), kuya (older brother)
oto (younger brother) === otod (sibling)
me (eye) === mata (eye)
kami (deities/spirits) === kami (we/us)
tura (facial profile) === itsura (facial profile)
inu (dog) === iro (dog)
wi (boar) === iwik (boar sound)
kake (chicken) === kokok (a type of big bird)
ki (tree) === kahoy (tree/wood)
pa (leaf) === pakli (leaf)
awo (blue) === bughaw (blue)
siro (white) === sirohan (white/blank)
kuro (black) === kurong (dark veil)
na (name) === ngan (name)
akatuki (early morning) === aga (early morning) from Hiligaynon language
tosi (year) === tuig (year)
pi (fire) === apoy (fire) from Tagalog language
ama (heaven) === ama (father)
tuti (soil) === yuta (soil)
nani (what?) === ngano (why?)
iduku (where) === diin (where)
ikani (how) === ingon ani (like this)
its funny how "aratasi" became "atarashii"... like the "ta" and "ra" switched places loll
"aratasi" survives as a na adjective "arata (na)" which is used mostly in written text, while atarashii is used both in spoken and written contexts and is more common. The switching of the syllables is metathesis in linguistics! An example in English: "horse" was originally 'hros' and the sounds got switched up as well :o
@@PhilUpOnThis Yea, bird was brid.
arata still exists as a -na adjective
Japanese would not sound nearly as cool had it not been for the consonant shift of "ti", "si" and "tu" becoming "chi", "shi" and "tsu". It really makes the language sound more badass.
However, this is the characteristic of Chinese Wu dialect ， Not the Japanese language itself ~
It sounds Austronesean
No it's not
It's doesn't have "Nga" consonent like in all Austronesian languages
@@Jumpoable No it is not
That is likely the most widely accepted theory.
only phonetic inventory (vocals and consonants) that sounds like Austronesian. Most of words aren't cognates with Austronesian. So, Austronesian link to Japanese is actually very low.
as someone practicing Japanese, some of this has made sense.
Though I wasn't expecting for some tones to exist in old Japanese.
They still exist in Modern Japanese
There aren't tones exactly, it's pitch accent with a higher pitch.
Austronesian. Islander stuff. Syllabic like Filipino fresh from ancient Taiwan. Modern Japanese is probably a displaced court language directly from the mainland. Modern Japanese is highly implied. Ancient Japanese is highly outspoken.
I am surprised that I understood most of what is read here... Even though there are many differences between these two languages old Japanese and modern Japanese, it is still understandable for me. And that makes me feel a little bit strange.
the lost vowels of old japanese always fascinated me
But that = sore
It = are
They exchanged some definitions
日本人の私からするとこの動画の読み方はほぼ違う言語に聞こえるけれど、外国の方が聞く外国語も同じような感じなのかな？...
Not for me.