I just wanted to say "excellent job young man!" I'm a spacecraft engineer with a master's degree in ME from Stanford. Your math was excellent, as was the fact that your first test, was essentially an apples to apples comparison, with respect to pellet energy. I didn't get a great look at the pellets, but I believe they had the same frontal shape, and the same cross sectional area. If I'm wrong about that, please let me know. If they do, that would make your first test, a very apples to apples comparison. I'm talking about the test before you increased the power of the pellet rifle. Your video is honestly far more informative than what I receive from watching major firearm TH-cam testers. They typically don't employ much science in their videos, or any! You've clearly studied physics in high school, and perhaps college as well. I don't know your age. At age 48, most young adults look like high school kids to me! You must have done very well in your high school physics class, and perhaps college as well. To improve your explanation of results, you need to bring in drag force equations, and Newton's conservation of momentum. I'm not sure if they covered fluid drag force yet in your classes. For fluids, both gases and liquids, the drag force is proportional to V^2 (V for velocity), the cross sectional area, and a drag coefficient, which is based on the shape of the object, and the consistency of the fluid. So yes, a faster pellet, with a similar or identical cross sectional area, will experience a much higher drag force, than a slower pellet, because the drag force is proportional to V^2. The drag force is what stops a pellet from moving farther through a fluid. Your homemade gelatin block, will likely have a different drag force equation than fluids do. It's very possible the drag force could be proportional to velocity to a higher exponent than 2. If you're able to find the drag equation of your gelatin, via testing, you can employ Newton's conservation of momentum, to calculate exactly how far a given pellet will penetrate. However, given the fluid drag force equation, it should be very clear why a faster pellet won't penetrate as far as slower pellet with more momentum.
The bottom line is if you're hunting the heavyweight pellets will carry the energy further and will ultimately do a more damage on the target. I think you will also find that the heavyweight will track truer over distance than the lightweight one.
If hunting small game it looks like the heavier pellet has a geater risk of over penetrating, especially at the higher ftlb setting. You want the projectile to dump as much kinetic energy into the kill zone as possible, not zip right through and out the other side. The main thing over and above terminal performance is accuracy and good shot placement.
I guess we can conclude that energy doesn’t always equate directly to penetration . and that there is a certain velocity that a projectile is f a certain weight gets to where it pretty much maximises (penetration to velocity ratio )then from there there isn’t much of an increase of penetration when the velocity is increased so you’ll have to switch to heavier pellets as you’ve shown in this video . Great video and Extremely useful👍🇬🇧
BTW, I subscribed. Keep going with applying science to your TH-cam channel. I think you'll have a bright future, either in engineering, the mechanically oriented trades, or making money via TH-cam.
Thanks for the video. It was very informative. I shoot the .177 cal pellets. Between the Baracuda Hunter extreme, 9.57 gr and the Baracuda Hunter, 10.35 gr, The former penetrated 2 soap cakes each 3 inches thick at 55 yards and lodged into the third, while the latter, heavier one, could only penetrate 1 and a half soaps cakes. The Hunter extreme has a 4 part expanding head while the other has a hollow point ..
Great comparisons! I'm very interested in terminal ballistics of pellets. I'll keep getting caught up on your content 👍 I don't think over-penetration is an issue with most small game, as I think either round will pass right through. Pellet shape would probably have a bigger impact on terminal ballistics than weight. Try running a Predator against a lighter pellet. I'd imagine the Predator would be better suited for small boar, where a domed or HP pellet would be better for squirrels or rabbits (shot placement trumping all, of course).
Another great video. I need to get some of that gel to play with. Matt Duber from South Africa did a video on clay shooting from about 12 ft lb to about 80 ft lb, the higher velocity wasn't always higher penetration because the projectile became much more mushroomed dumping energy. On game that may be a good thing.
Outstanding!👍 One of the most important parts of penetration into anything is the tip of the projectile 💡The sharper and harder the projectile is, the deeper it will go because it'll have less drag from what it's trying to penetrate. Try this experiment: Take a tiny hardened steel roller bearing from the inside of a universal joint, put it/glue it or drill a tiny hole in the top center of a pellet and shoot it. I guarantee you that it'll penetrate a car door and it will go clean through a 36 inch gel block no matter what the pellet weighs👍 Those so-called perpetrator pellets they sell on the market are crapp because they aren't hardened steel. I say a guy do it on a TH-cam channel and it was like too good to be true so i didn't believe it until i tried it myself, and man was i impressed💥😂
Thank you very much for the feedback. I have never heard of the roller bearing pellet that you’re describing, sounds very much like the aerospike on the tip of the nose of a supersonic aircraft, will definitely be trying it out soon. Thanks again.
Great video. If you are shooting squirrels, as you alluded to, I'm guessing you would want the lighter pellet? It dumps all of that energy into a smaller target. The heavier pellet risk over - penetration
To you point… I was testing to see how many 5 gallon water jugs a .308 Air rifle would penetrate using cast RN 120 grn Slugs. There happened to be a couple of guys with a 6.5 G that wanted to try a follow-up shot to my air rifle. The end result illustrates how projectile design & velocity is affected by water. Texan .308 vs 6.5 Grendel vs Four 5 Gal jugs of H2O th-cam.com/video/yIFCSL9ZIB0/w-d-xo.html
I noticed that the light pellet at low speed showed no expansion at all. Did you get any expansion or deformation/ flattening of the point at the higher speed.? So lets say that each brand and type of pellet will deform or expand at some speed. Thats a question that could be answered with an adjustable power rifle. That would be a good thibg to know.
I think shooting so low or close to the table with the litter pellet had something to do with how the pellet penetrated the gel and should try shoot both heavy and litter pellet close to each othere to get a more accurate test
You should try it after you fire a few rounds after you changed your power setting. You shot the light one first. That means your second shot got a better chance at a full power shot.....no chronograph so.😁
I tried what you suggested. Fired a few shots though the chronograph, adjusted the power and then fired a few more… no power climb after adjustment so.😎👍 Thanks for the suggestion though.
More what I expected. Mass does matter. The .45 acp fans will be pleased! Based on this, I’d like to try a .25 caliber pellet rifle. Any recommendations?
Late answer but FX offers some powerful .25 caliber rifles like the FX Dreamline or FX Impact. Combined with slugs it is devastating for a pellet rifle
Heavier pellets are always going to be better than lightweight pellets up to a point. Heavier pellets will penetrate better and always be more stable in flight. Thats why PBA pellets are terrible for anything other that showcasing the speed of a pellet rifle. They are too light to dump any energy or fly stably.
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I just wanted to say "excellent job young man!" I'm a spacecraft engineer with a master's degree in ME from Stanford. Your math was excellent, as was the fact that your first test, was essentially an apples to apples comparison, with respect to pellet energy. I didn't get a great look at the pellets, but I believe they had the same frontal shape, and the same cross sectional area. If I'm wrong about that, please let me know. If they do, that would make your first test, a very apples to apples comparison. I'm talking about the test before you increased the power of the pellet rifle. Your video is honestly far more informative than what I receive from watching major firearm TH-cam testers. They typically don't employ much science in their videos, or any! You've clearly studied physics in high school, and perhaps college as well. I don't know your age. At age 48, most young adults look like high school kids to me! You must have done very well in your high school physics class, and perhaps college as well. To improve your explanation of results, you need to bring in drag force equations, and Newton's conservation of momentum. I'm not sure if they covered fluid drag force yet in your classes. For fluids, both gases and liquids, the drag force is proportional to V^2 (V for velocity), the cross sectional area, and a drag coefficient, which is based on the shape of the object, and the consistency of the fluid. So yes, a faster pellet, with a similar or identical cross sectional area, will experience a much higher drag force, than a slower pellet, because the drag force is proportional to V^2. The drag force is what stops a pellet from moving farther through a fluid. Your homemade gelatin block, will likely have a different drag force equation than fluids do. It's very possible the drag force could be proportional to velocity to a higher exponent than 2.
If you're able to find the drag equation of your gelatin, via testing, you can employ Newton's conservation of momentum, to calculate exactly how far a given pellet will penetrate. However, given the fluid drag force equation, it should be very clear why a faster pellet won't penetrate as far as slower pellet with more momentum.
The bottom line is if you're hunting the heavyweight pellets will carry the energy further and will ultimately do a more damage on the target. I think you will also find that the heavyweight will track truer over distance than the lightweight one.
If hunting small game it looks like the heavier pellet has a geater risk of over penetrating, especially at the higher ftlb setting. You want the projectile to dump as much kinetic energy into the kill zone as possible, not zip right through and out the other side. The main thing over and above terminal performance is accuracy and good shot placement.
I guess we can conclude that energy doesn’t always equate directly to penetration . and that there is a certain velocity that a projectile is f a certain weight gets to where it pretty much maximises (penetration to velocity ratio )then from there there isn’t much of an increase of penetration when the velocity is increased so you’ll have to switch to heavier pellets as you’ve shown in this video . Great video and Extremely useful👍🇬🇧
I would love to see the hadies verses the jumbo heavy wound channels in ballistic gel.
Great video....... Food for thought...............
bro you have to keep making videos... you have few subs for the quality of videos you have keep uploading and the subs will come by themselves
Thanks man I appreciate it.
BTW, I subscribed. Keep going with applying science to your TH-cam channel. I think you'll have a bright future, either in engineering, the mechanically oriented trades, or making money via TH-cam.
Thanks for the video. It was very informative. I shoot the .177 cal pellets. Between the Baracuda Hunter extreme, 9.57 gr and the Baracuda Hunter, 10.35 gr, The former penetrated 2 soap cakes each 3 inches thick at 55 yards and lodged into the third, while the latter, heavier one, could only penetrate 1 and a half soaps cakes. The Hunter extreme has a 4 part expanding head while the other has a hollow point ..
Nice comparison, thanks
Another great job….These videos are just the job for me, I much prefer the simple and normal approach …👍🏻🇬🇧
You should try that test on some live quarry. What kind of pests do you have around there? See which pellet they like getting hit by less.
Great comparisons! I'm very interested in terminal ballistics of pellets. I'll keep getting caught up on your content 👍
I don't think over-penetration is an issue with most small game, as I think either round will pass right through. Pellet shape would probably have a bigger impact on terminal ballistics than weight. Try running a Predator against a lighter pellet. I'd imagine the Predator would be better suited for small boar, where a domed or HP pellet would be better for squirrels or rabbits (shot placement trumping all, of course).
*It's simple as u throw a heavy rock vs light rock, which one do u think more hurts if a person throws at u.*
Another great video. I need to get some of that gel to play with.
Matt Duber from South Africa did a video on clay shooting from about 12 ft lb to about 80 ft lb, the higher velocity wasn't always higher penetration because the projectile became much more mushroomed dumping energy. On game that may be a good thing.
To make a good translucent ballistic gel, 20% Knorr gelatin, in demineralized water and a few drops of cinnamon oil for germs!
Outstanding!👍 One of the most important parts of penetration into anything is the tip of the projectile 💡The sharper and harder the projectile is, the deeper it will go because it'll have less drag from what it's trying to penetrate. Try this experiment: Take a tiny hardened steel roller bearing from the inside of a universal joint, put it/glue it or drill a tiny hole in the top center of a pellet and shoot it. I guarantee you that it'll penetrate a car door and it will go clean through a 36 inch gel block no matter what the pellet weighs👍 Those so-called perpetrator pellets they sell on the market are crapp because they aren't hardened steel. I say a guy do it on a TH-cam channel and it was like too good to be true so i didn't believe it until i tried it myself, and man was i impressed💥😂
Thank you very much for the feedback.
I have never heard of the roller bearing pellet that you’re describing, sounds very much like the aerospike on the tip of the nose of a supersonic aircraft, will definitely be trying it out soon. Thanks again.
👍👍
What you say is interesting but I am French and I understand very few words. too bad for you. keep up your videos 👍
Great video. If you are shooting squirrels, as you alluded to, I'm guessing you would want the lighter pellet? It dumps all of that energy into a smaller target. The heavier pellet risk over - penetration
To you point… I was testing to see how many 5 gallon water jugs a .308 Air rifle would penetrate using cast RN 120 grn Slugs. There happened to be a couple of guys with a 6.5 G that wanted to try a follow-up shot to my air rifle. The end result illustrates how projectile design & velocity is affected by water.
Texan .308 vs 6.5 Grendel vs Four 5 Gal jugs of H2O
th-cam.com/video/yIFCSL9ZIB0/w-d-xo.html
The crossbow bolt penetrates because of the steel tip.
I noticed that the light pellet at low speed showed no expansion at all. Did you get any expansion or deformation/ flattening of the point at the higher speed.?
So lets say that each brand and type of pellet will deform or expand at some speed.
Thats a question that could be answered with an adjustable power rifle.
That would be a good thibg to know.
Very nice 👌 👍
Much better than the cans
Thanks, I completely agree with you.
I think shooting so low or close to the table with the litter pellet had something to do with how the pellet penetrated the gel and should try shoot both heavy and litter pellet close to each othere to get a more accurate test
You should move out to 50yards no one shoots critters at 20 feet
Which one expanded the most?
That’s why I use 160grainers, in .357 tho
You should try it after you fire a few rounds after you changed your power setting. You shot the light one first. That means your second shot got a better chance at a full power shot.....no chronograph so.😁
I tried what you suggested. Fired a few shots though the chronograph, adjusted the power and then fired a few more… no power climb after adjustment so.😎👍
Thanks for the suggestion though.
More what I expected. Mass does matter. The .45 acp fans will be pleased! Based on this, I’d like to try a .25 caliber pellet rifle. Any recommendations?
Late answer but FX offers some powerful .25 caliber rifles like the FX Dreamline or FX Impact. Combined with slugs it is devastating for a pellet rifle
Kinetic energy
Heavier pellets are always going to be better than lightweight pellets up to a point. Heavier pellets will penetrate better and always be more stable in flight. Thats why PBA pellets are terrible for anything other that showcasing the speed of a pellet rifle. They are too light to dump any energy or fly stably.