I never saw any photography video on TH-cam could explain so much information in such simple clear efficient way with such fantastic stunning animation! Thank you!
@@ApalapseI’m very grateful as well. The information is delivered so efficiently I had to pause several times and go back. There’s no fluff, I love it!
Continuing what I've said in the Aperture video... DUDE: on 0:34 can you please explain how is that nobody use such clear and obvious image to explain the angle of view? You just rock, man.
I've looked all over for this answer. Every video promises to "explain" camera lenses, but NONE of them explain exactly what the numbers mean - except this one. I'm not one of those people who takes words on faith - I want to KNOW what things mean so that I know how they work. Thanks for giving me that info.
Thanks, John. What you said sums up exactly what I thought when I started out in photography; everyone was telling me to believe this or that, but I wanted to know the hard science and truth behind things; that's what led me to create this channel. Thanks for the feedback and I'm glad I am delivering on my promise to provide straightforward and factual content. Take care.
New to Photography and just found your channel. The graphics and animation is amazing along with the demystifying explanation. Absolutely well done. That Focal Length and Field Of View animation at 0:36 and its explanation has hands down got to be the most concise explanation I’ve ever seem represented. So good I decided to subscribe.
This animation is so helpful I cannot express that enough. I always come back to this video when I get confused about focal lengths. 0:38 is by far the best graphic for describing this!
This was the only video I could find on TH-cam that actually explained how lenses and their numbers work technically. One nitpick: in the list of drawbacks of zoom lenses it didn't mention that zoom lenses lose aperture stops with increased zoom.
I just watched a video from a guy with 900k subscribers. He scribbled on an electronic drawing screen to explain these concepts but his explanation couldn't have been more confusing! Then I come here and watch an extremely SIMPLE to understand explanation with VERY good diagrams. Your video was ten times as good as his! Thank you! Liked and Subscribed!!!
Thanks so much, I really appreciate that! I try to be as simple and straightforward as possible so I don't waste anyone's time and so only the necessary information is communicated.
Your animation art is absolutely beautiful, coupling that with the detailed yet understandable explanations and your videos are amazing. Thank you for your hard work!
Honestly the best explanation I've found on the topic as I'm just beginning, other just start throwing the numbers around without really explaining too much about it, also the physics interpretation at the start really helped me understand why longer focal lengths would look the furthest and make objects look close together (rays are almost parallel at that point it's like isometric view)
Unless I'm mistaken, at 0:28, the illustration is incorrect. It depicts focal length as the distance between the point at which light rays converge and the sensor, but it depicts the sensor as being out in the camera lens itself, instead of at the back of the camera body, where the sensor actually sits.
You are correct, technically. This is something I looked over in the illustration phase of making this video and I just noticed it now with your comment. Thanks for pointing this out.
Honestly this is one of the best videos i have seen on this topic and explained this in a while understood. I had multiple aha moments of now i understsnd that.
Thanks a lot for the extremely intuitive and very simple explanations for the focal length. This is the first time I have got the actual impact of focal length
Thank YOU. Your kind words really inspire me to keep making videos. I am glad I could help you and others. Sorry for just responding to this comment now.
Your video's are awesome - have always left camera on Auto - Now retired with time on my hands so trying to do a little better. Read a few things, saw some videos but after seeing this channel, the fog is really lifting. Thanks so much !
I'm really glad that you found this video helpful. I hope you are able to find the time to learn manual mode, the process of shooting manual is a great way to really learn how your camera works. Let me know if you need any more help or have any suggestions for future videos. Take care!
Nice video!! just a point, the distortion or compression is not created by te lens itself, they are created by the physical distance between the camera and the subject.
I'm glad it was helpful! I try and make the videos striaght to the point with simple terms so that everyone can understand. Thanks for the feedback and good luck with your photography.
These are some of the best basic photography videos I have seen. Real clear and easy to follow. It doesn't do much good to study shooting techniques and advanced features if your not clear on the basic concepts; these videos really cleared up some misconceptions and some confusion for me so I now can move on to more advanced concepts. Thank you very much.
this helped me so much. ive been trying to understand these aspects of photography for so long and this is the best video ive ever seen. it taught me about more than just focal length. thakns for going in detail about them and making it easy to understand. thank you.
Awesome video.....very easy to understand. Thank you for taking the time to make this video and sharing with us. learned several things from it. Once again thank you.
Apalapse, I would like to thank you for this video of yours. I love the section about your explanation of the APS-C and the Full-frame camera. Now I know how to calculate the focal length of my lens when I mount them on my APS-C camera.
I'm glad you liked it! The only thing I should say is that when you switch from full frame to APS-C, the focal length itself does not change, it's only the field of view. This is just a semantics issue mostly but it's important to remember since a lot of people think that when they switch bodies the focal length of the lens also changes, making it a different lens... When you multiply the focal length by the crop factor you are just saying that on the smaller-sensor camera the lens has a new field of view of ____, since focal length is the distance from nodal point to the sensor it will never change regardless of the camera you attach it to. I just wanted to articulate this in case it helps you or anyone else. Thanks for commenting and take care!
What I find most interesting about all this is how complex light is and makes me realize the image of the world that I myself perceive is shaped by the shape of my eyes, and not a 100% accurate representation of what reality actually looks like.
This is true. Our reality is how we perceive it, and light is one of the most fundamental aspects of how we interpret our surroundings. Cameras are interesting because they perceive light in a purely unbiased way, capturing light the way it exists naturally, not the way our brains think it does.
Totally agreed with this video... I learned most of basic and advance information's... I can't get it clearly from my friends.. But with your help.. I get more n more.. Thanks!
Haha! Thanks for the kind words. My goal is always to try and break complicated concepts down into easy-to-understand tidbits. I'm glad you found that in this video, thanks for watching, friend! Take care and live HEPPily.
The fstop need to larger (lower number) to allow more light onto the sensor or for a narrow depth of field (blurry background). Remember that fstop is expressed as a fraction. So a 50mm f/2.0 will have a an iris opening of 25mm (50mm/2 = 25). This is why it's hard to get a telephoto lens with low fstop number because a 300mm f2.0 lens would need an iris opening of 15cm! That'll be far too huge and expensive.
@@Apalapse you're right, it makes sense to use your own one. That's why I learn how to make it more professional. One day you won't hear a difference anymore))
Great video, really well explained. Only thing is telephoto lenses do not cause compression. It's the backing up of the camera and therefore the increase in distance that causes compression. You can see this with your eyes when you look out the car window on a long drive, all the objects on the horizon seem close together. Telephoto compression is a myth, it's the distance of the camera to subject that increases/decreases compression, the telephoto lenses are just able to zoom in to see it better. You can also see this if you back up a wide angle lens a whole bunch and then digital crop in, it will also have compression (albeit the quality will likely be awful but it does demonstrate this phenomenon).
Correct explanation. That was one of the mistakes I made with this video. Thanks for pointing that out and sorry for responding so late, I do appreciate your feedback.
at 1:18 : the 35mm film does not have a 35mm diagonal. It has a 35mm height, the actual image size is 24x36mm (the height is not 35 because you need spece for the holes allowing the film to move) same goes for a full frame sensor that has the same size as 35mm film : it has a 24x36mm size, therefore it isn't its diagonal that is 35mm also for crop factor, the APS-C sensors used by Sony, Nikon, Fujifilm etc actually have a crop factor of about 1.52, but people just use 1.5 and 1.6 for canon as it is easier. If you use "1.50" you actually use a wrong number
I need some clarification on the focal length / field of view figure. On a full frame camera (36mm) , shouldn't the field of view for a focal length of 18mm be 90°? The image states 100° ... FOV=2×arctan(36/(2*18))=90°
Thank you for the kind words and you are very welcome. I enjoy putting together these videos and helping other photographers understand important concepts.
0:35 cool diagram! Does an APS-C lens called an 85mm and a fullframe 85mm lens both have the same 28-30 degree angle of view? This came out around 2017 and you're talking about Canon and Nikon? Nikon is still on life support from those days, relying on their medical and hunting revenue for the camera division to stay afloat.
No. The focal length staying the same, changing the sensor size will change the FOV. People wrongly call it "crop factor" using Full Frame as a reference
If you have a fixed lens no zoom like a prime lens when you shoot wide the image will be wide since no zoom the image won't be so big. Dx 35mm have crop factor fx have no crop factor
I'm interested in photography but Due to family force doing something else but I always watch vedios and get knowledge about Photography ❤️ love this Channel
I have one question. What is with lenses designed for APS-C sensors? If I buy a 16mm APS-C lens and put it on a APS-C camera, does it cover the same field of view as a 16mm full-frame lens on a full-frame camera or as a 24mm full-frame lens. Thanks for your answers.
This was very good . I have a basic question . I am familiar with with telescopes , and I know how to calculate the magnification . Divide the focal length of the objective lens by the focal length of the eye piece . But for a camera I don’t know how this works . If you have a 300mm prime telephoto lens , what is its magnification ? Can you tell me please Thank you .
The magnification formula for a thin lens is: m = (f / (s - f)) Where m = magnification, s = subject distance, and f = focal length. But to apply this to a real world lens, you can't use the physical distance from the front of the lens to the object. Instead, you need to figure out the distance from the front nodal point of the lens to the object you are focused on, so it's hard to get a really good estimate of the magnification.
So biggest question, when using a crop sensor(1.5 crop factor) if I want to take a portrait with 85 mm crop (DX) lens compare it to a 85 mm Full frame (FX) lens with same composition, due to the physics of crop sensor I have to take few step backs to compose the same shot. will it affect facial compression of my subject & what about background magnification? Will the image taken by 85 mm Crop lens on crop sensor look like its full frame lens shot.
I'm pretty new to photography, bought a full frame Sony A7 a few months ago with 2 Sigma lenses. But now I question myself why I didn't go for an APS-C sensor camera... From what I've read lens distortion and artifacts happen mostly around the edges of the lens, and with an APS-C camera those edges are cropped out of the frame so it's not a problem. Also for wildlife etc you can buy a 70-200mm lens that equals ~100-300mm so why do people choose for a full frame camera instead of APS-C?
You're right in that lens artifacts occur at the edge of the image circle which falls pretty close to the full-frame border. Also, for wildlife, APS-C makes sense because you can pack more pixels in a smaller area, which is helpful for saturating the sensor with detail which you can then use to crop even further than the already cropped in field of view. APS-C is a favorite format for wildlife photographers.
Firstly, thank you for making such a great video. You mentioned 35-70mm produce images close to what our eyes see. Wouldn't that be the ideal lens for portrait instead of Telephoto lens? Why is the Telephoto lens good for portraits? I know you said it brings foreground and background closer but is that's what's more important? or is capturing the most realistic image? Or is telephoto lens just a stylistic choice?
That is a very good question, and it plays to the psychology and philosophy of photography. You are correct in that 35-70mm produces a very realistic focal length that mimics the field of focus for our eyes. Photographers very often use this focal range for portraits, in fact, photographers often use all focal lengths for portraiture, it just depends on the kind of image you want to produce. If you want to produce the most photorealistic image then grabbing a lens around 35-70mm would accomplish that goal, but a lot of photographers appreciate the increased background blur and tighter field of view offered by more telephoto options, like those in the 80-200mm range. There is no answer to which is more important, it is all up to the photographer and what they are trying to accomplish. Photography is a science but at the end of the day you are producing art, and art is subjective and always up for interpretation. I hope this answers your question. Thanks for watching and commenting.
So i have given a focal length of 80 mm and i have a sensor that is measuring 16x24 (aps-c) and i need to stand a person who is two meters long. How far from camera i need to put him? I cant find ANY formula for this! Please help :(((((
What are you trying to accomplish and why do you need this formula? When shooting portraits, don't worry about how far you need to place your subject away, just try a bunch of different distances and angles. Just remember that as you increase focal length, you increase background/foreground compression, which can be ideal for portraiture (up to a certain point). Let me know if you have any other questions, and I will try to help :)
Apalapse hey, thanks for your response. i dont need to shoot anything. Its just a physics task. I have given a 80 mm focal length on a aps-c camera. By these given numbers i have to stand a person who is 2.21 meters long. And then there is a question - how far from camera i need to stand the person. I have 4 answers for this that are given. A. 11,3 meters B. 7.6 meters C. 4.5 meters D. 6.3 meters. If you understand, please, let me know. :)
The focal length relates to the sensor size the same way as the distance to the image area. So in this case 80 mm / 16 mm = x / 2 m. x = 160/ 16 m = 10 m. Of curse this leaves n room above and below.
Thank you for the video presentation of focal length. Will you please tell me when I am shooting at f/4 aperture, will the focal length change when I zoom in or zoom out? Regards, Hari Varijakshan
35mm is not the lenght of diagonal (obvisously cannot be, because the diagonal must be longer than any other side, so it should be bigger than 36mm). It is a naming from film era. It comes from fact, that the film with the holes was 35mm wide. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/135_film
@Apalapse - Sir, focal length of lens never change when put on any size sensor, it is just field of view which is changing. This is common misconception saying that a lens's focal length changed based on sensor size.
Correct, but I think it's easier to understand for beginners to say the focal length is changing. In reality, it IS as you said. A 50mm lens is a 50mm lens on a crop body or a medium format. The only thing changing is the field of view.
Ignore the term "crop factor" The focal length of a lens does not ever change. It still stays the same whether you use it on a 35mm or APS-C camera. A 50mm lens is a 50mm lens. Ignore phrases that state that a 50mm lens suddenly becomes a 75mm just because you are using it on an APS-C camera. Lenses that have been specifically designed for APS=C cameras have a smaller imaging circle so there is no "crop". So what about large and medium format cameras ?
Crop factor is a term that is helpful for beginning photographers to understand. To some people it may be misleading but when explained correctly it is simply he amount of crop that occurs when a certain focal length lens is attached to any type of image sensor other than full frame. Large and medium format cameras have a crop factor of less than one (
@@Apalapse I disagree with everything you have just said. Why reference a camera / lens system that a beginner to photography may have never seen or used ? An APS-C lens doesn't "crop" anything. APS-C lenses have an imaging circle that matches the size of an APS-C sized sensor. Similarly, 35mm sized film/digital cameras use lenses that match the larger size of the frame. No-one ever talked about "crop factor" when comparing 35mm and medium format cameras, it wasn't required, so why should we use it now ?
@@alanelesstravelled8218 Whether or not APS-C is a term a beginner will know is not something you nor I can comment on. I like to think that APS-C and full frame are both terms that will ring a bell to most photographers, even if they are a total beginner, so I feel comfortable using them in my camera basics videos. While you're right in that an APS-C lens will produce an image circle large enough to cover an APS-C sensor camera, the focal length measurement is still in reference to a 35mm sensor format. Why is crop factor such a bad term? When I put a full frame lens on my full frame camera, the field of view equates to what is written on the lens body, but when I put it on my APS-C camera, the field of view is NOT the same in the files, it is increased by a factor known as the crop factor. I never said the lens itself crops anything, that's obvious; glass is glass and the physicality of the lens does not alter based on the camera it is attached to. Just because it is a new term doesn't mean it can be used effectively.
The optical center of the lens is not necessarily inside the lens. On wide angle lenses it is typically inside the camera body. On telephoto lenses it is by definition in front of the lens. Ultrawide senses and fisheye lenses are entirely different do grouping them is so can be confusing. Fisheye lenses produce huge distortions while ultrawide does not. Once you have used ultrawide, you cannot live without one.
I have a question: If the focal length is the distance from the sensor to the optical center (where the light converges) then a big number means a bigger distance, so I expect it results in less magnification and wider field of view, right? You are telling the opposite and I can't understand how it works.
I think you must assume that you're trying to keep a certain object in focus. So when you increase the focal length then the object will remain in focus even at greater distances. I was thinking exactly what you're saying and...this is what I reasoned. Although I doubt it's correct.
At 0:51 your example is slightly incorrect, the moon should be smaller in the shorter focal length because the foreground is closer than the moon. Compression would make the moon much larger in the second image.
The example at 0:51 shows the moon exactly as how you said it should be. The left image shows the moon in center frame behind the skyline while the right image shows a crop on one of the taller left buildings, and a resulting larger moon. If you're referring to the size of the moon in the left frame in relation to the design of the wide angle lens pictured, there's no way to guess the focal length of the lens to the left and the argument is arbitrary.
Apalapse what im saying is that changing focal lengths isn’t the same as cropping. The moon in a cropped wide angle image will be smaller in relation to the buildings and the moon in the image on the right. Your right though you cannot know how much this factor would be because neither picture really exists.
Now I understand. I could have made the image in accordance with the compression that would result from switching to a lens with a longer focal length. My mistake.
![Ultimate Guide to Camera Lenses - Every Type of Camera Lens Explained [Shot List Ep. 7]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/uSsIqR3DuK8/mqdefault.jpg)
I never saw any photography video on TH-cam could explain so much information in such simple clear efficient way with such fantastic stunning animation! Thank you!
Glad it was helpful!
@@ApalapseI’m very grateful as well. The information is delivered so efficiently I had to pause several times and go back. There’s no fluff, I love it!
I walked away with a good understanding and without the headache of feeling overwhelmed. Many thanks.
Thank you sir.
This is the best photography lesson you will find on TH-cam!!!
Thank you for the kind words!
Continuing what I've said in the Aperture video... DUDE: on 0:34 can you please explain how is that nobody use such clear and obvious image to explain the angle of view? You just rock, man.
Justo Alejandro Gonzalez THAT WAS MY FAVORITE PART!!
I've looked all over for this answer. Every video promises to "explain" camera lenses, but NONE of them explain exactly what the numbers mean - except this one. I'm not one of those people who takes words on faith - I want to KNOW what things mean so that I know how they work.
Thanks for giving me that info.
Thanks, John. What you said sums up exactly what I thought when I started out in photography; everyone was telling me to believe this or that, but I wanted to know the hard science and truth behind things; that's what led me to create this channel. Thanks for the feedback and I'm glad I am delivering on my promise to provide straightforward and factual content. Take care.
New to Photography and just found your channel. The graphics and animation is amazing along with the demystifying explanation. Absolutely well done. That Focal Length and Field Of View animation at 0:36 and its explanation has hands down got to be the most concise explanation I’ve ever seem represented. So good I decided to subscribe.
That's awesome to hear, man. I really appreciate the kind words and feedback. Happy to have you on board and stay tuned for more coming soon.
This animation is so helpful I cannot express that enough. I always come back to this video when I get confused about focal lengths. 0:38 is by far the best graphic for describing this!
Thank you so much for your feedback. I am genuinely uplifted when I hear stories like your's. Stay tuned for more videos coming soon.
This was the only video I could find on TH-cam that actually explained how lenses and their numbers work technically. One nitpick: in the list of drawbacks of zoom lenses it didn't mention that zoom lenses lose aperture stops with increased zoom.
Thank you for the kind words and the feedback. The only thing about zoom lenses is that not all zoom lenses have variable apertures, but many do.
I just watched a video from a guy with 900k subscribers. He scribbled on an electronic drawing screen to explain these concepts but his explanation couldn't have been more confusing! Then I come here and watch an extremely SIMPLE to understand explanation with VERY good diagrams. Your video was ten times as good as his! Thank you! Liked and Subscribed!!!
Thanks so much, I really appreciate that! I try to be as simple and straightforward as possible so I don't waste anyone's time and so only the necessary information is communicated.
I watched a dozen videos, but did not fully understand until I saw this. Thanks!
Glad you found it helpful, thanks for watching!
Your animation art is absolutely beautiful, coupling that with the detailed yet understandable explanations and your videos are amazing. Thank you for your hard work!
Excellent explanation without showing a single shot or camera lens like many other channels do, yet very informative and easy to understand
Why am I only coming across these videos now!?? They're amazing! Definitely recommending them to friends and family
Mark, that's great to hear. Stay tuned for more in the coming months.
This channel is going to blow up
:O
Honestly the best explanation I've found on the topic as I'm just beginning, other just start throwing the numbers around without really explaining too much about it, also the physics interpretation at the start really helped me understand why longer focal lengths would look the furthest and make objects look close together (rays are almost parallel at that point it's like isometric view)
Thank you for the praise, I really appreciate it!
Unless I'm mistaken, at 0:28, the illustration is incorrect. It depicts focal length as the distance between the point at which light rays converge and the sensor, but it depicts the sensor as being out in the camera lens itself, instead of at the back of the camera body, where the sensor actually sits.
You are correct, technically. This is something I looked over in the illustration phase of making this video and I just noticed it now with your comment. Thanks for pointing this out.
You are a PRO! Please keep these coming!
This was AWESOME well explained and illustrated.......THANK YOU !
This is one of the best intro-to-photography-concepts I’ve seen yet. Thank you.
Thank you so much!
Every teacher should teach anything like this only!!! Then no doubt that a student has understood the topic!!! Amazing channel
Wow, I am flattered! Thanks for the kind words and compliment. I hope you found this video helpful and I encourage you to stay tuned for more videos.
Honestly this is one of the best videos i have seen on this topic and explained this in a while understood. I had multiple aha moments of now i understsnd that.
Thanks a lot for the extremely intuitive and very simple explanations for the focal length. This is the first time I have got the actual impact of focal length
love the hard work, it's elegant, informative and time-sparing. every sentence is important, no fill here. thanks for the effort.
thanks, appreciate the kind words!
This guy is an amazing visual teacher.
What a great way to explain these concepts! Love this tutorial 👏
Really appreciate this sir. Thank you so much for sharing both the physics and the actual real behaviour. ❤
First video ive seen that tackles this is a clear understandable method.
You sir have the most informative channel for aspiring photography buffs. Thank you!
Thank YOU. Your kind words really inspire me to keep making videos. I am glad I could help you and others. Sorry for just responding to this comment now.
Your video's are awesome - have always left camera on Auto - Now retired with time on my hands so trying to do a little better. Read a few things, saw some videos but after seeing this channel, the fog is really lifting. Thanks so much !
I'm really glad that you found this video helpful. I hope you are able to find the time to learn manual mode, the process of shooting manual is a great way to really learn how your camera works. Let me know if you need any more help or have any suggestions for future videos. Take care!
Nice video!! just a point, the distortion or compression is not created by te lens itself, they are created by the physical distance between the camera and the subject.
Correct, someone else pointed this out, too. I made that error when writing the script for this video.
Thank you for making and sharing an explicit and easy to understand photographic lens video.
You are very welcome. I enjoy explaining these photography concepts so to hear your kind words really means a lot.
This was an easy to understand, informative video on focal length that i'm glad i found so i can understand all of this camera mumbo jumbo
I'm glad it was helpful! I try and make the videos striaght to the point with simple terms so that everyone can understand. Thanks for the feedback and good luck with your photography.
These are some of the best basic photography videos I have seen. Real clear and easy to follow. It doesn't do much good to study shooting techniques and advanced features if your not clear on the basic concepts; these videos really cleared up some misconceptions and some confusion for me so I now can move on to more advanced concepts. Thank you very much.
Thank you, Jesse. I'm glad I could help.
You deserve more than 10 million subscribers, your explanation is easy to understand which corresponds well with animation
this helped me so much. ive been trying to understand these aspects of photography for so long and this is the best video ive ever seen. it taught me about more than just focal length. thakns for going in detail about them and making it easy to understand. thank you.
Amazingly explained video about 'Focal Length'. Cleared some basic concepts with this video!
Thank you for the feedback. I'm glad I could help.
This is the best video I've ever watched.
Awesome video.....very easy to understand. Thank you for taking the time to make this video and sharing with us. learned several things from it. Once again thank you.
Thank you! You are a amazing teacher and your have designed this video so well. Brilliant work!
Apalapse, I would like to thank you for this video of yours. I love the section about your explanation of the APS-C and the Full-frame camera. Now I know how to calculate the focal length of my lens when I mount them on my APS-C camera.
I'm glad you liked it! The only thing I should say is that when you switch from full frame to APS-C, the focal length itself does not change, it's only the field of view. This is just a semantics issue mostly but it's important to remember since a lot of people think that when they switch bodies the focal length of the lens also changes, making it a different lens... When you multiply the focal length by the crop factor you are just saying that on the smaller-sensor camera the lens has a new field of view of ____, since focal length is the distance from nodal point to the sensor it will never change regardless of the camera you attach it to. I just wanted to articulate this in case it helps you or anyone else. Thanks for commenting and take care!
What I find most interesting about all this is how complex light is and makes me realize the image of the world that I myself perceive is shaped by the shape of my eyes, and not a 100% accurate representation of what reality actually looks like.
This is true. Our reality is how we perceive it, and light is one of the most fundamental aspects of how we interpret our surroundings. Cameras are interesting because they perceive light in a purely unbiased way, capturing light the way it exists naturally, not the way our brains think it does.
Totally agreed with this video... I learned most of basic and advance information's... I can't get it clearly from my friends.. But with your help.. I get more n more.. Thanks!
I'm glad I can help!
Best explanation on TH-cam
Best explanation of focal length yet.
Thanks!
gosh -- someone broke this down in simple terms and made it easy to watch. thank u!! ur living HEPPily ;)
Haha! Thanks for the kind words. My goal is always to try and break complicated concepts down into easy-to-understand tidbits. I'm glad you found that in this video, thanks for watching, friend! Take care and live HEPPily.
@@Apalapse as a sincere thank you, i subscribed. the comments below properly recognize ur excellent content and presentation.
Great video!Simple and on point. And with the animation is much much easier to remember💯
This was easily the best video I’ve seen on this topic.
Thanks!
Thanks for making and sharing your video!!
Simply fantastic. So well put and well explained. The best that I have come across, on the given topic.
Thanks!
Masterfully edited animations, clear and concise explanations. Good job!
Thank you so much. Sorry for the late reply. I am making pretty big changes to the channel right now, so stay tuned for more.
Short, brief, and clear. I love the way you present this. Thank you for your share.
3:49 can someone tell why the fstop needs to be larger?
The fstop need to larger (lower number) to allow more light onto the sensor or for a narrow depth of field (blurry background).
Remember that fstop is expressed as a fraction. So a 50mm f/2.0 will have a an iris opening of 25mm (50mm/2 = 25).
This is why it's hard to get a telephoto lens with low fstop number because a 300mm f2.0 lens would need an iris opening of 15cm! That'll be far too huge and expensive.
@@billy9506 thanks. Makes sense
what a great video! a 5 minutes masterclass... congratulations!!
Thanks so much!
The voice is cool. :) Older than on previous videos I've seen on the channel :) Kinda more relaxed
Thanks. Now I am using my own voice just to keep things consistent but it is sometimes nice to have a professional do the voiceovers.
@@Apalapse you're right, it makes sense to use your own one. That's why I learn how to make it more professional. One day you won't hear a difference anymore))
@@golosbezdoka Exactly!
SUPERB!!
0;20 the image plane is actually more inside the camera body, no?
Great video, really well explained. Only thing is telephoto lenses do not cause compression. It's the backing up of the camera and therefore the increase in distance that causes compression. You can see this with your eyes when you look out the car window on a long drive, all the objects on the horizon seem close together. Telephoto compression is a myth, it's the distance of the camera to subject that increases/decreases compression, the telephoto lenses are just able to zoom in to see it better. You can also see this if you back up a wide angle lens a whole bunch and then digital crop in, it will also have compression (albeit the quality will likely be awful but it does demonstrate this phenomenon).
Correct explanation. That was one of the mistakes I made with this video. Thanks for pointing that out and sorry for responding so late, I do appreciate your feedback.
Perfect explanation with great animations.
Perfect video. Simple but yet very informative. Soothing voice and great animation.
Thanks!
This was really informative. And to think I knew exactly what focal length was and how it affected photos...
Glad to hear it was helpful. Thanks for watching and for the feedback.
Clear illustrations and well explained. Good job !
thanks!
Thank you very much for brief and wonderful expansion, it was easy to understand this confusing matter.
You're very welcome!
Very straightforward and succinct description and explanation. Well done!
Thank you.
Protect this man by ALL means!!
Hahahaha
at 1:18 : the 35mm film does not have a 35mm diagonal. It has a 35mm height, the actual image size is 24x36mm (the height is not 35 because you need spece for the holes allowing the film to move)
same goes for a full frame sensor that has the same size as 35mm film : it has a 24x36mm size, therefore it isn't its diagonal that is 35mm
also for crop factor, the APS-C sensors used by Sony, Nikon, Fujifilm etc actually have a crop factor of about 1.52, but people just use 1.5 and 1.6 for canon as it is easier. If you use "1.50" you actually use a wrong number
correct, I addressed this in a previous comment I think :)
Very good explanation..this is 'focal length for dummies' like me...
I need some clarification on the focal length / field of view figure. On a full frame camera (36mm) , shouldn't the field of view for a focal length of 18mm be 90°? The image states 100° ...
FOV=2×arctan(36/(2*18))=90°
Thank you for teaching in easy way
Finally someone explaining it so clearly! Thanks
Thanks for watching, glad it was helpful!
Easy to understand explanation - thank you for putting this together!
Thank you for the kind words and you are very welcome. I enjoy putting together these videos and helping other photographers understand important concepts.
So clear explanation and animations nice !!
0:35 cool diagram! Does an APS-C lens called an 85mm and a fullframe 85mm lens both have the same 28-30 degree angle of view? This came out around 2017 and you're talking about Canon and Nikon? Nikon is still on life support from those days, relying on their medical and hunting revenue for the camera division to stay afloat.
No. The focal length staying the same, changing the sensor size will change the FOV. People wrongly call it "crop factor" using Full Frame as a reference
Thank you! Fundamental understanding is such an important thing for everyone. Great job.
I totally agree, and thank you for watching.
Very good explanation of the basics on focal length. Thank you!
You're very welcome!
thank you. it is an amazing explanation
Excellent clear explanation and video. Thanks!
Glad it was helpful!
Very nice video. Thanks for clearing my concepts
If you have a fixed lens no zoom like a prime lens when you shoot wide the image will be wide since no zoom the image won't be so big. Dx 35mm have crop factor fx have no crop factor
Correct. "Fx" is a full frame descriptor while "dx" is a crop sensor descriptor.
I'm interested in photography but Due to family force doing something else but I always watch vedios and get knowledge about Photography ❤️ love this Channel
Thank you! Best of luck to you and your family.
I have one question. What is with lenses designed for APS-C sensors? If I buy a 16mm APS-C lens and put it on a APS-C camera, does it cover the same field of view as a 16mm full-frame lens on a full-frame camera or as a 24mm full-frame lens. Thanks for your answers.
A 16mm "APS-C" lens will result in a 24mm field of view. It's confusing isn't it?
@@Apalapse ok thank you
The latter of course. You can see how the APS-C kit zooms start at 15-18 mm. On full frame 15-18 mm would be ultra wide.
This was very good .
I have a basic question . I am familiar with with telescopes , and I know how to calculate the magnification . Divide the focal length of the objective lens by the focal length of the eye piece .
But for a camera I don’t know how this works . If you have a 300mm prime telephoto lens , what is its magnification ?
Can you tell me please
Thank you .
The magnification formula for a thin lens is: m = (f / (s - f))
Where m = magnification, s = subject distance, and f = focal length. But to apply this to a real world lens, you can't use the physical distance from the front of the lens to the object. Instead, you need to figure out the distance from the front nodal point of the lens to the object you are focused on, so it's hard to get a really good estimate of the magnification.
Apalapse thank you for taking the time to reply to me . I appreciate it .
@@oq17 No problem!
Difference between zooming in for bigger focal length vs just moving the camera closer?
Congratulations ! Fantastic slides.
Thank you, Luiz. I am glad that you liked the video!
Wow, NAILED it.
Thanks man.
So biggest question, when using a crop sensor(1.5 crop factor) if I want to take a portrait with 85 mm crop (DX) lens compare it to a 85 mm Full frame (FX) lens with same composition, due to the physics of crop sensor I have to take few step backs to compose the same shot. will it affect facial compression of my subject & what about background magnification? Will the image taken by 85 mm Crop lens on crop sensor look like its full frame lens shot.
I'm pretty new to photography, bought a full frame Sony A7 a few months ago with 2 Sigma lenses. But now I question myself why I didn't go for an APS-C sensor camera... From what I've read lens distortion and artifacts happen mostly around the edges of the lens, and with an APS-C camera those edges are cropped out of the frame so it's not a problem. Also for wildlife etc you can buy a 70-200mm lens that equals ~100-300mm so why do people choose for a full frame camera instead of APS-C?
You're right in that lens artifacts occur at the edge of the image circle which falls pretty close to the full-frame border. Also, for wildlife, APS-C makes sense because you can pack more pixels in a smaller area, which is helpful for saturating the sensor with detail which you can then use to crop even further than the already cropped in field of view. APS-C is a favorite format for wildlife photographers.
Firstly, thank you for making such a great video. You mentioned 35-70mm produce images close to what our eyes see. Wouldn't that be the ideal lens for portrait instead of Telephoto lens? Why is the Telephoto lens good for portraits? I know you said it brings foreground and background closer but is that's what's more important? or is capturing the most realistic image? Or is telephoto lens just a stylistic choice?
That is a very good question, and it plays to the psychology and philosophy of photography. You are correct in that 35-70mm produces a very realistic focal length that mimics the field of focus for our eyes. Photographers very often use this focal range for portraits, in fact, photographers often use all focal lengths for portraiture, it just depends on the kind of image you want to produce. If you want to produce the most photorealistic image then grabbing a lens around 35-70mm would accomplish that goal, but a lot of photographers appreciate the increased background blur and tighter field of view offered by more telephoto options, like those in the 80-200mm range. There is no answer to which is more important, it is all up to the photographer and what they are trying to accomplish. Photography is a science but at the end of the day you are producing art, and art is subjective and always up for interpretation.
I hope this answers your question. Thanks for watching and commenting.
@@Apalapse Wow thank you so much for that answer. It all makes sense.
Very effective explanation. Thanks
So i have given a focal length of 80 mm and i have a sensor that is measuring 16x24 (aps-c) and i need to stand a person who is two meters long. How far from camera i need to put him? I cant find ANY formula for this! Please help :(((((
What are you trying to accomplish and why do you need this formula? When shooting portraits, don't worry about how far you need to place your subject away, just try a bunch of different distances and angles. Just remember that as you increase focal length, you increase background/foreground compression, which can be ideal for portraiture (up to a certain point). Let me know if you have any other questions, and I will try to help :)
Apalapse hey, thanks for your response. i dont need to shoot anything. Its just a physics task. I have given a 80 mm focal length on a aps-c camera. By these given numbers i have to stand a person who is 2.21 meters long. And then there is a question - how far from camera i need to stand the person. I have 4 answers for this that are given. A. 11,3 meters B. 7.6 meters C. 4.5 meters D. 6.3 meters. If you understand, please, let me know. :)
The focal length relates to the sensor size the same way as the distance to the image area. So in this case 80 mm / 16 mm = x / 2 m. x = 160/ 16 m = 10 m. Of curse this leaves n room above and below.
Thank you for the video presentation of focal length. Will you please tell me when I am shooting at f/4 aperture, will the focal length change when I zoom in or zoom out? Regards, Hari Varijakshan
Yes, if you have a lens that zooms, that means your focal length will change.
Best video for camera basics!!!
Thanks!
Thanks for watching. Glad you liked the video.
35mm is not the lenght of diagonal (obvisously cannot be, because the diagonal must be longer than any other side, so it should be bigger than 36mm). It is a naming from film era.
It comes from fact, that the film with the holes was 35mm wide.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/135_film
There's loads of similar misinformation in this video bud. Judging by the comments, people are just eating it up like it's all fact.
@Apalapse - Sir, focal length of lens never change when put on any size sensor, it is just field of view which is changing. This is common misconception saying that a lens's focal length changed based on sensor size.
Correct, but I think it's easier to understand for beginners to say the focal length is changing. In reality, it IS as you said. A 50mm lens is a 50mm lens on a crop body or a medium format. The only thing changing is the field of view.
Ok, thats what I said right? only thing changing is field of view and not focal length.
Thanks for great video.
Sorry, there was a typo in my comment lol.
exactly what I needed! thank you!!!!
You are very welcome.
Ignore the term "crop factor" The focal length of a lens does not ever change. It still stays the same whether you use it on a 35mm or APS-C camera. A 50mm lens is a 50mm lens. Ignore phrases that state that a 50mm lens suddenly becomes a 75mm just because you are using it on an APS-C camera. Lenses that have been specifically designed for APS=C cameras have a smaller imaging circle so there is no "crop". So what about large and medium format cameras ?
Crop factor is a term that is helpful for beginning photographers to understand. To some people it may be misleading but when explained correctly it is simply he amount of crop that occurs when a certain focal length lens is attached to any type of image sensor other than full frame. Large and medium format cameras have a crop factor of less than one (
@@Apalapse I disagree with everything you have just said. Why reference a camera / lens system that a beginner to photography may have never seen or used ? An APS-C lens doesn't "crop" anything. APS-C lenses have an imaging circle that matches the size of an APS-C sized sensor. Similarly, 35mm sized film/digital cameras use lenses that match the larger size of the frame. No-one ever talked about "crop factor" when comparing 35mm and medium format cameras, it wasn't required, so why should we use it now ?
@@alanelesstravelled8218 Whether or not APS-C is a term a beginner will know is not something you nor I can comment on. I like to think that APS-C and full frame are both terms that will ring a bell to most photographers, even if they are a total beginner, so I feel comfortable using them in my camera basics videos. While you're right in that an APS-C lens will produce an image circle large enough to cover an APS-C sensor camera, the focal length measurement is still in reference to a 35mm sensor format. Why is crop factor such a bad term? When I put a full frame lens on my full frame camera, the field of view equates to what is written on the lens body, but when I put it on my APS-C camera, the field of view is NOT the same in the files, it is increased by a factor known as the crop factor. I never said the lens itself crops anything, that's obvious; glass is glass and the physicality of the lens does not alter based on the camera it is attached to. Just because it is a new term doesn't mean it can be used effectively.
Crop factor is real and it has nothing to do with the image circle.
@@alanelesstravelled8218 The 35 mm just happens to be the standard.
The optical center of the lens is not necessarily inside the lens. On wide angle lenses it is typically inside the camera body. On telephoto lenses it is by definition in front of the lens.
Ultrawide senses and fisheye lenses are entirely different do grouping them is so can be confusing. Fisheye lenses produce huge distortions while ultrawide does not. Once you have used ultrawide, you cannot live without one.
I have a question:
If the focal length is the distance from the sensor to the optical center (where the light converges) then a big number means a bigger distance, so I expect it results in less magnification and wider field of view, right? You are telling the opposite and I can't understand how it works.
I think you must assume that you're trying to keep a certain object in focus. So when you increase the focal length then the object will remain in focus even at greater distances.
I was thinking exactly what you're saying and...this is what I reasoned. Although I doubt it's correct.
Cannot thank you enough,
Made my day.
Thank you, that's great to hear!
Superb detailed video.Great work
Great video but most importantly, thank you for the compelling visual depiction of why ultra wide lenses are not suitable for portraits
At 0:51 your example is slightly incorrect, the moon should be smaller in the shorter focal length because the foreground is closer than the moon. Compression would make the moon much larger in the second image.
The example at 0:51 shows the moon exactly as how you said it should be. The left image shows the moon in center frame behind the skyline while the right image shows a crop on one of the taller left buildings, and a resulting larger moon. If you're referring to the size of the moon in the left frame in relation to the design of the wide angle lens pictured, there's no way to guess the focal length of the lens to the left and the argument is arbitrary.
Apalapse what im saying is that changing focal lengths isn’t the same as cropping. The moon in a cropped wide angle image will be smaller in relation to the buildings and the moon in the image on the right. Your right though you cannot know how much this factor would be because neither picture really exists.
Now I understand. I could have made the image in accordance with the compression that would result from switching to a lens with a longer focal length. My mistake.
Apalapse all good the video is fantastic overall you created what I consider to be the best videos on these topics on TH-cam.