To see subtitles in other languages: Click on the gear symbol under the video, then click on "subtitles." Then select the language (You may need to scroll up and down to see all the languages available). --To change subtitle appearance: Scroll to the top of the language selection window and click "options." In the options window you can, for example, choose a different font color and background color, and set the "background opacity" to 100% to help make the subtitles more readable. --To turn the subtitles "on" or "off" altogether: Click the "CC" button under the video. --If you believe that the translation in the subtitles can be improved, please send me an email.
These physics principles are seemingly so simple, but yet sometimes so hard to grasp. Your videos present them in the most clear way possible. Excellent!
Great animation but it is impossible to make a measurement with 100 per cent certainty!!RE1: Heisenberg Uncertainty my Simple thought experiment :tell me one physical measurement that does not involve at least one photon
@@EugeneKhutoryansky in the minute 2:21 i didn't understand if we measure the z components of spining or you mean that the electron spins along z-axis
@@EugeneKhutoryansky man, of course its all probability and i find it funny ITS ALL PROBABILITY BECAUSE WE CANT CREATE A PROPER DETECTOR the others detectors will change the movement of the spin because they are interfearing
i love all your videos, and the great music at the background, are you going to make more animation about electrical engineering, especially in electronics part?
I'm just commenting to give the youtube algorithm something to bite on when the person is looking for electron movement and its visualization in a 3D - Enviroment. love the vid keep it up
Thanks Eugene. Even though my job has nothing to do with Physics, I really enjoy watching your videos and get a better understanding of the amazing world around us.
OMG thank you SO MUCH!!! I've seen tons of videos, read tons of articles, researched every possible thing about spin, and THIS is the first one that actually made me understand it finally!
I’m no physics student, but I still find this kind of stuff to be fascinating. Unfortunately, for the layman like me, it’s hard to find scientific explanations for things that aren’t either way above my level or ridiculously simplified. This seems to be a perfect middle ground, and has excellent visuals! This helped me understand spin better than any other source I tried looking at. Thank you and have a great day!
I've just come across your videos for the first time today. Your animations are superb - in fact the best I've seen. I lecture in these topics myself and I will certainly be directing students to your wonderful visualizations. I've also viewed your video on entanglement and can't wait to see the rest of your brilliant and clear explanations.
Always a good day when I see a new physics video from you. Keep up the great work! I know I'll be watching a lot more of you in the upcoming months as I review for the GRE.
Man, more people who make videos like yours need to get whatever program you use for the animations. Nice visuals. They are a work of art in themselves.
works of art indeed - I would recommend anyone especially interested in the visual quality of these concepts to check out Roberto matta who tried to give visual form to these concepts in painting
I am a physicist and I wished every student of physics was exposed to these animations to bring some clarity to some rather difficult to understand subjects, or simply subjects that required large infrastructure knowledge, excellent!!
Definitely the best visuals I've ever seen for a science video on youtube. Still don't fully understand the concept but pretty sure thats just cause this concept, like most quantum mechanical concepts, is abstract af.
I love these videos. Thank you for making them. One suggestion: explain entanglement first and then offer observation as a special case of entanglement. Newcomers often get an inflated sense of ego when we first describe the effect of observation and then spend only a little time talking about entanglement. Measurement is entanglement.
You are without a doubt one of the most underrated TH-camrs of all time! You could explain and simulate anything to any academic level while making it fun! I appreciate literally every video that you put out and I hope you keep making more. It is unfortunate that TH-cam's algorithms don't give enough to content creators like you and favor duller, more mundane TH-camrs like video game players and vloggers. I don't understand how people can pass over such amazing content such as yours. Forever a fan!
As in the Double Slit Experiment i have to presume that the act of measuring anything like the position of an electron or the spin of an electron changes the condition of the propertie of the electron. By measuring the property, we force the electron to assume a condition. The fact that we measure the condition Spin Up the first time and Spin Down later on (after measuring it in a different direction) kinda proofs that we alter the property (read: force it to assume one of the possible conditions that we propose).... Although that's how far my understanding goes at this given point. Feel free to point out mistakes in my train of thought!
It seems clear to me that measuring the spin of the electron in a direction that is not aligned with the actual direction of spin, this changes the actual direction of spin.
Here is a question for you: We assume that quantum mechanics is this spooky undefinable world where we can know the position of an particle or its velocity but never both. The example you show us emphasis that even more. You can only ever know the spin of an electron in one direction on the 3d axis and never more than one at a time. Furthermore we note the very weird quality of quantum physics where the state of a particle appears dependent on whether we measure it. The classic is the splitting of a photon through to holes where when we don't measure it the light shows as a wave but when we do we get a single point and the average of those points appears in the lines highlighted in that wave. In your example once we measure the spin of a particle in a direction the particle randomly changes in the other two. In both case you show the obvious nature of quantum theory where things show up as probabilities. We can't show where the particle is only where it could possibly be. The average of those events over time will reflect those probabilities very closely. The assumption is that particles can be in two places at a time and have several values or may be in several dimensions we don't see but there is never an exact finding in the universe we can see that can exist. My question is how do we know that assumption is true? My conjecture is that when we analyze how we detect the particles and forces of our world we only can sense things using the electromagnetic force of nature. While we can detect the effects of the strong or weak force in accelerators or feel the force of gravity we do not use the strong, weak or gravimetric forces to detect these things. The particles show off in accelerators are shown via photons which are carriers of the electromagnetic force. When we feel gravity we feel the push back on the atoms in our cells from the electromagnetic fields of the electromagnetic fields of the objects we are in contact with. It seem safe to conclude that all our information regarding the universe is filtered through the electromagnetic force. We can deduce an awful lot about the other three by what we can detect but is there not information we cannot perceive due to this filter. Effects within the other three forces that don't transfer to the electromagnetic spectrum in meaningful ways. Could it be that the uncertainty is not actually the fuzziness of the quantum states but the fact that the only way we have to detect changes, electromagnetic forces, by their nature must interact with the elements we are trying to observe. This would explain why we get particles when we measure which hole the photon went througn and waves when we don't The states are not the same. In one we affect the expierment through our attempt to observe and in the other we do not. This also explains why the act of measuring the other axis of electron spin means we lose information regarding the other axis. It is not that observation changes things but rather we are interacting with that electron to measure it which means we by default affect its state. Why do we assume that it is a spooky undefinable nature of quantum mechanics and not a flaw in the only way we can observe the quantum world.? I have no clue what the answer to that question is?
You put it well. The act of observation is an act of interaction and therefore results in entanglement of states and an alteration in the inherent state of a quantum particle.
I never thought I would feel this much stress and suspense in a seemingly boring physics video. But god was I wrong. Tension was at the peak when it was revealed how supernatural electron spin is my detecting their directions with the detectors. The music doubled the excitement.
Hello, please Eughene would it be possible to make video on spinors ? Something simple and short , like introduction. F.e. notation, basic operation, what do they represent , or relation to weyl and dirac spinors ? Thanks , greetings from Slovakia
7:30 note how a 90 deg turn on the graph corresponds to a 180 degree turn of the green arrow indicating the spin - the source of the notion that a spinor only returns to its original state after a rotation of 720 degrees (corresponding to a 360 degree turn on the graph).
This is okay for an introduction, but it just brings more questions for me. The universe doesn’t care which direction is up, so the fact that these matrices depend on direction is baffling. Forgetting about imaginary numbers, this spin is a 4-dimensional quantity. So it has 3 dimensions of space and one dimension of probability. There has to be a way to show that the relationship between probability and direction “looks the same” no matter what direction you choose as the z axis.
These videos graphically illustrate the what, and not very well. Complex number attributes are thrown in without explanation. The _why_ of particle spin is entirely absent, and from beginning to end, the author resolutely maintains a visual representation of electron _SPIN_ as though it were still present in the classical sense of a non-point mass whose space-filling extent rotates about an axis. Since that is not what quantum spin means, people are being left with the classical meaning still filling their visual cortices as a sort of vestigial useless organ that they will have trouble _unseeing_ years down the road.
Thank you Eugene, your videos are incredible! Do I understand correctly that once we perform the measurement, the cubit collapses on the always on *z-axis* to 1 or 0 ? (and x and y axis are there just to represent from which point on the sphere it could have been while in super position, before collapsing).
are you saying that electrons spin around in a circle like a child's toy top? other videos say that electrons don't 'spin' around in a circle at all, the words spin up and spin down could just as easily have been salt and pepper to indicate that the one direction is not the other direction
I’ve been struggling to understand this principle in relation to fundamental particles. But this made it make so much sense. I really wish there was a way to have more of these types of animations demonstrated in classes.
what if you tried to measure the spin of the particle in two different directions at the exact same time, without any nano or pictosecond [ was that what it s called? ] or anything smaller between the two measurements? or what if we were able to directly look at these particles individually?
Recently, I read this description of quantum spin-1 and 1/2: "A particle with a whole-number (integer) spin comes back to the same state after rotating around once. A particle with half-integer spin comes back to minus its starting state after a whole rotation. It has to rotate twice to get back to the starting state." A spin 1/2 particle has to rotate twice to get back to its starting state, but in this video, it only has to rotate 180 degrees, before its spin is minus again. What can account for this? At 15:39, the narrator mentions that there aren't enough dimensions to represent the spin, but the spin is determined in only 3 axes 'x', 'y' and 'z'. There is no indication of a fourth axis. At the end, we see that there are only have 3 rotational matrices, again, where is the fourth?
OK, I figured out the first part of my question. "A particle with half-integer spin comes back to minus its starting state after a whole rotation. It has to rotate twice to get back to the starting state." Said another way, the particle spins twice per one rotation. It only comes back in line with respect to the coordinate system (one turn) after it has undergone two rotations. The second part still eludes me. Two coefficients are mentioned towards the end of the video, which can be real and complex. If the complex coefficient needs a fourth dimension, then that might explain it. But then the real coefficient would need a fifth. Unless it can be related back to one of the real axes, in which case you could do the same with the imaginary axis. I don't know.
@@grixlipanda287 Your first answer helped me as well, so the reason the spin was again Z positive at [-1, 0] is because of the electron being a 1/2 spin particle? This video lacks a lot of proper explanations and just focuses of pretty visualizations that end up confusing you if you actually want to learn something instead of just watching it to feel smarter and forget about it.
@@heikg Yes. It sounds reasonable doesn't it? But it is not exactly right. The video explains that whatever the degree of uncertainty our equation gives us, the same degree of uncertainty (with opposite sign) will always be repeated at a rotation of 180 degrees from the point of origin. What the video doesn't tell us, but what every quantum physicist already knows is that we need to square the result to get the probabilities. So the minus one becomes +1. How do physicists interpret this result? Well, they say that it must have undergone a full rotation. But obviously not every thing is back in place. It needs one more half turn to line up with the coordinate system and that means that it rotated twice overall. When you think about it, it actually kind of makes sense, but it is so weird. It is even weirder that this double cover property of the fermion has been proven with experiment. The second part, the special linear group SU(2) is a 4-dimensional group. Those are the Pauli matrices. SU(2) is also considered 3-dimensional. This is because it contains 3 dimensions plus the identity. The identity (1) can be any number and itself. If it is assigned to a loose fourth dimension SU(2) becomes 4-dimensional otherwise it is only 3 (I think). SU(2) is equivalent to Spin(3) which is the double cover of SO(3), the 3 matrices of rotation in ordinary Euclidean space. It is actually the multiplication of the 3 matrices with the matrices of SU(2) -- technically the gamma matrices -- that produce the weird non-Euclidean rotations. But there is much more to this.
I've never taken an advanced physics class beyond general physics I and II in college so I don't even know if I'm asking this question correctly. The way that you animate the XYZ coordinates with the vector arrow spinning around the Origin, when was this originally worked out and is it taught like this if you're in a QM class learning about spin?
Yeah, pretty much. I learned it in a philosophy of science course instead of a proper physics class but thats basically how its described. Of course, you generally get a deeper foundation in vector spaces and matrix math before getting to this point.
To see subtitles in other languages: Click on the gear symbol under the video, then click on "subtitles." Then select the language (You may need to scroll up and down to see all the languages available).
--To change subtitle appearance: Scroll to the top of the language selection window and click "options." In the options window you can, for example, choose a different font color and background color, and set the "background opacity" to 100% to help make the subtitles more readable.
--To turn the subtitles "on" or "off" altogether: Click the "CC" button under the video.
--If you believe that the translation in the subtitles can be improved, please send me an email.
Very informative. Thanks for sharing, Lord-Jesus-Christ com
i know it's kinda randomly asking but do anyone know a good website to stream newly released tv shows online ?
@Dwayne Trace Flixportal :D
@Milan Ahmad thank you, signed up and it seems like they got a lot of movies there =) Appreciate it!!
@Dwayne Trace Glad I could help xD
These physics principles are seemingly so simple, but yet sometimes so hard to grasp. Your videos present them in the most clear way possible. Excellent!
Thanks for the compliment about my videos.
Great animation but it is impossible to make a measurement with 100 per cent certainty!!RE1: Heisenberg Uncertainty my Simple thought experiment :tell me one physical measurement that does not involve at least one photon
@@EugeneKhutoryansky in the minute 2:21 i didn't understand if we measure the z components of spining or you mean that the electron spins along z-axis
@@EugeneKhutoryansky man, of course its all probability and i find it funny
ITS ALL PROBABILITY BECAUSE WE CANT CREATE A PROPER DETECTOR the others detectors will change the movement of the spin because they are interfearing
thank for visualizing this hard-inmaginating concept
You are welcome and thanks.
i love all your videos, and the great music at the background, are you going to make more animation about electrical engineering, especially in electronics part?
Qais, yes I will be making more animations on electrical engineering. Thanks.
Your visualisations are absolutely eugenious!
Keep up the good work. :)
Thanks for the compliment.
This is the single best visualization I've seen of spin. Keep up all the great content.
Thanks for the compliment.
Yes, please keep it up! ☆☆☆☆☆
I'm just commenting to give the youtube algorithm something to bite on when the person is looking for electron movement and its visualization in a 3D - Enviroment.
love the vid keep it up
Thank you for your service.
Yes, thank you!
Thanks Eugene. Even though my job has nothing to do with Physics, I really enjoy watching your videos and get a better understanding of the amazing world around us.
Thanks. I am glad you enjoy my videos.
If you like this video, you can help more people find it in their TH-cam search engine by clicking the like button, and writing a comment. Thanks.
This channel will be in the millions in a few months.
Thanks Eugene.
I just love you for doing this hard work. Thanks!
Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky
godsadog
OMG thank you SO MUCH!!! I've seen tons of videos, read tons of articles, researched every possible thing about spin, and THIS is the first one that actually made me understand it finally!
Glad my video was helpful. Thanks.
I’m no physics student, but I still find this kind of stuff to be fascinating. Unfortunately, for the layman like me, it’s hard to find scientific explanations for things that aren’t either way above my level or ridiculously simplified. This seems to be a perfect middle ground, and has excellent visuals! This helped me understand spin better than any other source I tried looking at. Thank you and have a great day!
Right? Even in college they tried to teach us indeterminacy and it went right over my head. They should've just played us this video instead 😭
keep up the good work! I love how you give the concepts enough time to sink in - very helpful
Thanks.
I've just come across your videos for the first time today. Your animations are superb - in fact the best I've seen. I lecture in these topics myself and I will certainly be directing students to your wonderful visualizations. I've also viewed your video on entanglement and can't wait to see the rest of your brilliant and clear explanations.
Thanks for the compliment. I am glad you like my videos and I hope your students will like them too.
I thought spin isn't spin at all it's just an intrinsic character of the particle 🙄
@@alenlukoselukose5662 thought isn't thought
The best series of educational videos I have ever seen in youtube! Excellent!
Thanks for the compliment about my videos.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky
You are very welcome!
Always a good day when I see a new physics video from you. Keep up the great work! I know I'll be watching a lot more of you in the upcoming months as I review for the GRE.
Thanks. I am glad you like my videos, and good luck with the GRE.
I must say, this is absolutely brilliant. Well done.
Thanks for the compliment.
Man, more people who make videos like yours need to get whatever program you use for the animations. Nice visuals. They are a work of art in themselves.
Unfortunately, there aren't any more people like him.
works of art indeed - I would recommend anyone especially interested in the visual quality of these concepts to check out Roberto matta who tried to give visual form to these concepts in painting
I feel really really lucky to came by this channel.the way you visualized this...is just great!
Thanks.
I am a physicist and I wished every student of physics was exposed to these animations to bring some clarity to some rather difficult to understand subjects, or simply subjects that required large infrastructure knowledge, excellent!!
Thanks for the compliment about my animations.
As usual, brilliant exposition and animation. Should be a must-watch for all physics students starting QM.
Thanks for the compliments.
"or in any other direction" had me ducked the duck up 🦆
Amazing visual aids and explanations. Flawless delivery as usual, I'm addicted to all these videos.
Thanks for the compliment.
Thanks for the great animation!
Love SU(2)!
Thanks.
months ago i ask u to make a video on this topic of quantum spin. m glad to see the best explanation on spin on youtube:)
Thanks. :)
Great animations and explanations. Thank you
Thanks for the compliment about my animations and my explanations.
Excellent video Mr. Khutoryansky! You are a hero!
Thanks. Glad you liked my video.
Very very easy explanation of the quantum spin. Thanks for making this video.
Glad you liked my explanation. Thanks.
Definitely the best visuals I've ever seen for a science video on youtube. Still don't fully understand the concept but pretty sure thats just cause this concept, like most quantum mechanical concepts, is abstract af.
incredible videos man, the visualisations and slow paced explanations really help in understanding these abstract concepts
Thanks for the compliment about my videos.
Your videos are awesome, thank you
Thanks. I am glad you like my videos.
Electrons playing a sick joke on the observers. DAMN YOU!
I could not help thinking that the electron's behavior maximizes frustration.
I love these videos. Thank you for making them. One suggestion: explain entanglement first and then offer observation as a special case of entanglement. Newcomers often get an inflated sense of ego when we first describe the effect of observation and then spend only a little time talking about entanglement. Measurement is entanglement.
Entanglement, Spin
th-cam.com/video/nnkvoIHztPw/w-d-xo.html
You are without a doubt one of the most underrated TH-camrs of all time! You could explain and simulate anything to any academic level while making it fun! I appreciate literally every video that you put out and I hope you keep making more.
It is unfortunate that TH-cam's algorithms don't give enough to content creators like you and favor duller, more mundane TH-camrs like video game players and vloggers. I don't understand how people can pass over such amazing content such as yours. Forever a fan!
Whenever I start making more money I will most definitely subscribe to your Patreon, you have my promise. (As long as you keep making videos ☺ )
Thanks. I really appreciate the support, and I am glad that you like my videos.
I've just discovered your videos. They are awesome, thank you very much.
I am glad you like my videos. Thanks.
Magnificent! No more mentally struggling to create this imagery :-) Thank you!
Thanks.
Your visualisations are masterful!
Excellent video as always!
Glad you liked it. Thanks.
As in the Double Slit Experiment i have to presume that the act of measuring anything like the position of an electron or the spin of an electron changes the condition of the propertie of the electron. By measuring the property, we force the electron to assume a condition. The fact that we measure the condition Spin Up the first time and Spin Down later on (after measuring it in a different direction) kinda proofs that we alter the property (read: force it to assume one of the possible conditions that we propose).... Although that's how far my understanding goes at this given point. Feel free to point out mistakes in my train of thought!
8:40 quantum spin states. Excellent explanation.
These videos are hypnotically watchable and also fantastically useful for people like me who need to visualise to understand. Thank you.
Thanks. I am glad you like my videos.
Bestest explanation of such a hard imaginative topic ......God Bless you .
Thank for the compliment.
thanks for these wonderful videos.
You are welcome and thanks.
Thanks for this video and the larger series!
Thanks.
love this channel
Thanks. I am glad you like my videos.
This is a really good video to join up with the MIT lectures on quantum physics here on TH-cam.
This video is so usefull to visualize quantum-mechanical spin! Please do not stop making videos and really thank you for your help! :)
Thanks. More videos are on their way.
best explanation by far of spin
Thanks for the compliment.
this is the first video to simplify the calculations thank you and well done!
Thanks.
Just got done reading about this aspect of quantum mechanics. This video helped a lot in clearing things up
Brilliant! I can not imagine a better introductory description.
Thanks for the compliment.
Thank you so much. Just used a Bell-Basis in my bachelor thesis and couldn't imagine the whole story behind it. Got it now :)
Glad to hear my video was helpful.
Thanks for the effort to explain this by a video!
You are welcome and thanks.
Great analogy and explication! 🇧🇷
Thanks.
you're an absolute legend i finally understood what spin looks like and why imaginary numbers are needed
Thanks!
Amazing visualizations, helped me a lot!
Thanks. Glad my video was helpful.
It seems clear to me that measuring the spin of the electron in a direction that is not aligned with the actual direction of spin, this changes the actual direction of spin.
Brilliant.
Thanks.
so, electrons look like watermelons under the microscope?
Tiny watermelons that spin and orbit around ! 0_0
"This episode sponsored subliminally by Jolly Rancher." JK - great video!
LWC xD
Professor Leo A. Gallagher already invented one of those in the 70's called the Sledge-o-Matic.
whats with your name dude?
Here is a question for you:
We assume that quantum mechanics is this spooky undefinable world where we can know the position of an particle or its velocity but never both. The example you show us emphasis that even more. You can only ever know the spin of an electron in one direction on the 3d axis and never more than one at a time.
Furthermore we note the very weird quality of quantum physics where the state of a particle appears dependent on whether we measure it. The classic is the splitting of a photon through to holes where when we don't measure it the light shows as a wave but when we do we get a single point and the average of those points appears in the lines highlighted in that wave. In your example once we measure the spin of a particle in a direction the particle randomly changes in the other two.
In both case you show the obvious nature of quantum theory where things show up as probabilities. We can't show where the particle is only where it could possibly be. The average of those events over time will reflect those probabilities very closely.
The assumption is that particles can be in two places at a time and have several values or may be in several dimensions we don't see but there is never an exact finding in the universe we can see that can exist.
My question is how do we know that assumption is true?
My conjecture is that when we analyze how we detect the particles and forces of our world we only can sense things using the electromagnetic force of nature. While we can detect the effects of the strong or weak force in accelerators or feel the force of gravity we do not use the strong, weak or gravimetric forces to detect these things. The particles show off in accelerators are shown via photons which are carriers of the electromagnetic force. When we feel gravity we feel the push back on the atoms in our cells from the electromagnetic fields of the electromagnetic fields of the objects we are in contact with.
It seem safe to conclude that all our information regarding the universe is filtered through the electromagnetic force. We can deduce an awful lot about the other three by what we can detect but is there not information we cannot perceive due to this filter. Effects within the other three forces that don't transfer to the electromagnetic spectrum in meaningful ways.
Could it be that the uncertainty is not actually the fuzziness of the quantum states but the fact that the only way we have to detect changes, electromagnetic forces, by their nature must interact with the elements we are trying to observe. This would explain why we get particles when we measure which hole the photon went througn and waves when we don't The states are not the same. In one we affect the expierment through our attempt to observe and in the other we do not. This also explains why the act of measuring the other axis of electron spin means we lose information regarding the other axis. It is not that observation changes things but rather we are interacting with that electron to measure it which means we by default affect its state.
Why do we assume that it is a spooky undefinable nature of quantum mechanics and not a flaw in the only way we can observe the quantum world.? I have no clue what the answer to that question is?
So you are asking we are limited to see by the very kind of measurement people apply on particles on a small scale?
You put it well. The act of observation is an act of interaction and therefore results in entanglement of states and an alteration in the inherent state of a quantum particle.
Awesome as always!
Thanks. Glad you liked it.
Another amazing video. Keep it up! Great Channel
Thanks. Glad you liked it.
I never thought I would feel this much stress and suspense in a seemingly boring physics video. But god was I wrong. Tension was at the peak when it was revealed how supernatural electron spin is my detecting their directions with the detectors. The music doubled the excitement.
Best video on electron spin. Now I have begun to understand a little
Thanks.
With one hundred percent certainty: this is an amazing vedio...
Thanks.
Hello, please Eughene would it be possible to make video on spinors ? Something simple and short , like introduction. F.e. notation, basic operation, what do they represent , or relation to weyl and dirac spinors ? Thanks , greetings from Slovakia
Spinors are on my list of topics for future videos. Thanks.
Pure Perfection …
Great that videos like this exist!
Well Done Eugene! Godspeed!!!
To Infinity & Beyond …°°∆^°
Thanks. I am glad you like my videos.
Sir...I have no words to thank You sir...May GOD bless You...
Thanks for the compliments.
Brilliant presentation ! thanks Eugene!
Thanks for the compliment.
amazing !!!!! thank you for this
Thanks. Glad you liked my video.
Is there a video that shows what spin quantum numbers mean? Like, what is spin 1/2? What is spin 2? What is spin 1?
Yes , from 5 years later!
th-cam.com/video/pYeRS5a3HbE/w-d-xo.htmlsi=TLqECgkCH3b9-j-a
7:30 note how a 90 deg turn on the graph corresponds to a 180 degree turn of the green arrow indicating the spin - the source of the notion that a spinor only returns to its original state after a rotation of 720 degrees (corresponding to a 360 degree turn on the graph).
amazing video. You won't find an explanation more clear than this anywhere
Thanks for the compliment about my video.
This is just love. Keep up the good work.
Thanks. I am glad you like my videos.
This is okay for an introduction, but it just brings more questions for me. The universe doesn’t care which direction is up, so the fact that these matrices depend on direction is baffling. Forgetting about imaginary numbers, this spin is a 4-dimensional quantity. So it has 3 dimensions of space and one dimension of probability. There has to be a way to show that the relationship between probability and direction “looks the same” no matter what direction you choose as the z axis.
These videos graphically illustrate the what, and not very well. Complex number attributes are thrown in without explanation.
The _why_ of particle spin is entirely absent, and from beginning to end, the author resolutely maintains a visual representation of electron _SPIN_ as though it were still present in the classical sense of a non-point mass whose space-filling extent rotates about an axis. Since that is not what quantum spin means, people are being left with the classical meaning still filling their visual cortices as a sort of vestigial useless organ that they will have trouble _unseeing_ years down the road.
The best explanation ever. Thanks
Thanks for the compliment.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky what software do you use for such animation ? AutoCAD sure not, Maya, Houdini ? or more simple ?
I make my 3D animations with "Poser."
@@EugeneKhutoryansky WoW thanks, it is much easier than Houdini. Interesant.
thanks for all of your videos.
Thank you Eugene, your videos are incredible! Do I understand correctly that once we perform the measurement, the cubit collapses on the always on *z-axis* to 1 or 0 ? (and x and y axis are there just to represent from which point on the sphere it could have been while in super position, before collapsing).
Thanks again for such a great video😀
Thanks.
are you saying that electrons spin around in a circle like a child's toy top? other videos say that electrons don't 'spin' around in a circle at all, the words spin up and spin down could just as easily have been salt and pepper to indicate that the one direction is not the other direction
No, that is not what I said. Quantum spin has no proper analogy in classical physics.
This really helps, thanks very much
Brilliant visualization.
Why an entangled particle any x spin component can not be known with %100 certainty?
Thank you,the rest of the animation of education is good and all but yours describes and informs me wonderful.
Thanks.
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky your welcome
That's how Gyro's steel ball works lol
This helped me ALOT! Thank you so much for doing this video! Forever thankfull!
I am glad my video was helpful. Thanks.
thanks for making this easier to understand
wow u are truely amazing ,,keep it up lets make it to 1 million subs
Thanks.
I’ve been struggling to understand this principle in relation to fundamental particles.
But this made it make so much sense. I really wish there was a way to have more of these types of animations demonstrated in classes.
Glad my video was helpful.
Spin of Indivisible Particle :
th-cam.com/video/nnkvoIHztPw/w-d-xo.html
This video is misleading. I hope you researched a bit more and didn't take everything from this video for how electron particles actually behave
what if you tried to measure the spin of the particle in two different directions at the exact same time, without any nano or pictosecond [ was that what it s called? ] or anything smaller between the two measurements? or what if we were able to directly look at these particles individually?
Very nice piece of work!
Thanks for the compliment.
Recently, I read this description of quantum spin-1 and 1/2: "A particle with a whole-number (integer) spin comes back to the same state after rotating around once. A particle with half-integer spin comes back to minus its starting state after a whole rotation. It has to rotate twice to get back to the starting state."
A spin 1/2 particle has to rotate twice to get back to its starting state, but in this video, it only has to rotate 180 degrees, before its spin is minus again. What can account for this?
At 15:39, the narrator mentions that there aren't enough dimensions to represent the spin, but the spin is determined in only 3 axes 'x', 'y' and 'z'. There is no indication of a fourth axis. At the end, we see that there are only have 3 rotational matrices, again, where is the fourth?
OK, I figured out the first part of my question. "A particle with half-integer spin comes back to minus its starting state after a whole rotation. It has to rotate twice to get back to the starting state." Said another way, the particle spins twice per one rotation. It only comes back in line with respect to the coordinate system (one turn) after it has undergone two rotations.
The second part still eludes me. Two coefficients are mentioned towards the end of the video, which can be real and complex. If the complex coefficient needs a fourth dimension, then that might explain it. But then the real coefficient would need a fifth. Unless it can be related back to one of the real axes, in which case you could do the same with the imaginary axis. I don't know.
@@grixlipanda287 Your first answer helped me as well, so the reason the spin was again Z positive at [-1, 0] is because of the electron being a 1/2 spin particle?
This video lacks a lot of proper explanations and just focuses of pretty visualizations that end up confusing you if you actually want to learn something instead of just watching it to feel smarter and forget about it.
@@heikg Yes. It sounds reasonable doesn't it? But it is not exactly right. The video explains that whatever the degree of uncertainty our equation gives us, the same degree of uncertainty (with opposite sign) will always be repeated at a rotation of 180 degrees from the point of origin. What the video doesn't tell us, but what every quantum physicist already knows is that we need to square the result to get the probabilities. So the minus one becomes +1. How do physicists interpret this result? Well, they say that it must have undergone a full rotation. But obviously not every thing is back in place. It needs one more half turn to line up with the coordinate system and that means that it rotated twice overall. When you think about it, it actually kind of makes sense, but it is so weird. It is even weirder that this double cover property of the fermion has been proven with experiment.
The second part, the special linear group SU(2) is a 4-dimensional group. Those are the Pauli matrices. SU(2) is also considered 3-dimensional. This is because it contains 3 dimensions plus the identity. The identity (1) can be any number and itself. If it is assigned to a loose fourth dimension SU(2) becomes 4-dimensional otherwise it is only 3 (I think). SU(2) is equivalent to Spin(3) which is the double cover of SO(3), the 3 matrices of rotation in ordinary Euclidean space. It is actually the multiplication of the 3 matrices with the matrices of SU(2) -- technically the gamma matrices -- that produce the weird non-Euclidean rotations. But there is much more to this.
Amazed and loved the work just awesome. Keep it up (Y).
Thanks.
really suberb animation and explanation.... hatts off to your efforts....
Thanks.
Absolutely brilliant explanation!
Thanks.
This is absolutely fascinating
Spin of Indivisible Particle :
th-cam.com/video/nnkvoIHztPw/w-d-xo.html
I've never taken an advanced physics class beyond general physics I and II in college so I don't even know if I'm asking this question correctly. The way that you animate the XYZ coordinates with the vector arrow spinning around the Origin, when was this originally worked out and is it taught like this if you're in a QM class learning about spin?
at my class it was mostly described mathematically what i also prefered, because it makes more sense to me.
Yeah, pretty much. I learned it in a philosophy of science course instead of a proper physics class but thats basically how its described. Of course, you generally get a deeper foundation in vector spaces and matrix math before getting to this point.
superb content !........as usual...........ThE best yt channel of its kind..........Thanks !
Thanks for the compliment.
Very good! Your videos are very good as always. Congratulations!
Thanks. I am glad that you like my videos.
Thank you! This is very helpful for vidualizing.
I am glad my video was helpful.
We are very thankful to you
Thanks.
Красивая и забавная анимация! Всё доступно понятно!