Database Full Text Search Explained

This SQL tutorial will walk you through a feature called full text search.
Full text searching is a popular database search method where a SQL database searches through itself using the ranges of relevant full text search queries.
Advantages of database full text searching include flexibility in SQL querying, improved result relevance, and improved linguistic capabilities.
SQL full text searching is often used in complex SQL queries with various full text search modes that differ from database to database.
For MySQL Server, these search modes are the natural language mode, the boolean mode, or a mode using query expansion:
1) The natural language mode is the default mode and is used when no mode is specified within a SQL query.
2) The boolean mode enables you to use characters that have a special meaning for the database management system.
Such characters may include the "+" or "-" signs, more or less signs, the wildcard sign, the tilde sign ("~"), parentheses, or other characters.
In this mode, boolean logic is used where if we don't provide an operator.
3) Finally, query expansion is useful when we are relying on implied knowledge. In this case, searching for a query of "Database" could return "SQL Server", "PostgreSQL", "SQLite", "MySQL", or other similar results. In other words, results with implied knowledge.
In various database management systems, full text searches also have a list of stopwords and a bunch of restrictions, too.
Stopwords in MySQL are stored in a table called INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD, and include basic words like "a", "about", "an", "are", "as", "of", "on", "or", "that", and so on.
Restrictions may include support for certain storage engines only, no support for full-text searches in partitioned tables, or a requirement for columns to have the same character set and collation. It all depends on the DBMS.
Full text searching may be a frequent sql interview question so make sure to prepare for it.
Some sql interview questions and general database interview questions may also include questions like what is database normalization - watch some of our older videos on this topic, but in general, database normalization is the process to eliminate redundant data and enhance data integrity in a database.
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