What is SHAMANISM? Who is the Shaman? Academic debate
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 ก.ค. 2024
- What is Shamanism? Who is the Shaman? Academic definitions and controversies surrounding Shamanism and my proposal to a new definition of Shamanism.
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ERRATA CORRIGE: The definition 'Other-than-human persons' was actually first introduced by Hallowell and later adopted by Harvey. Its first account is found in
Hallowell, A. I. (1960) Ojibwa Ontology, Behavior, and World View, Columbia University Press.
REFERENCES
Bowie, F. (2006) The Anthropology of Religion: An Introduction, 2 edition., Malden, MA ; Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell.
Cacopardo, A. S. (2009) ‘La trance sciamanica: esperienza estatica o performance rituale?’, in Scalera McClintock, G. and Conforti, R. (eds), La mente e l’estasi, Atti del convegno, Salerno, Rubbettino - Università degli Studi di Salerno, pp. 29-44 ).
Eliade, M. (1972) Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy (trans. W. R. Trask), Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Harvey, G. (2010) ‘Animism rather than Shamanism: New Approaches to what Shamans do (for other animists)’, in Schmidt, B. E. and Huskinson, L. (eds), Spirit Possession and Trance: New Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 16-34.
Harvey, G. and Wallis, R. J. (2015) Historical Dictionary of Shamanism, Rowman & Littlefield.
Hutton, R. (2006) ‘Shamanism: Mapping the Boundaries’, Magic, Ritual, and Witchcraft, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 209-213.
Mikhailovskii, V. M. and Wardrop, O. (1895) Shamanism in Siberia and European Russia, Being the Second Part of ‘Shamanstvo’, The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. 24.
Owen, S. (2017) ‘What is Shamanism?’ In A.W. Hughes & R.T. McCutcheon (eds) Religion in Five Minutes (London; Oakville, CT: Equinox), 207-11.
Potter, J. and Edwards, D. (1996) ‘Discourse Analysis’, in Banyard, P. and Grayson, A. (eds), Introducing Psychological Research: Sixty Studies that Shape Psychology, London, Macmillan Education UK, pp. 419-425.
Schmidt, B. E. (2016) Spirits and Trance in Brazil: An Anthropology of Religious Experience, Bloomsbury Publishing.
Stutley, M. (2002) Shamanism: An Introduction, London ; New York, Routledge.
Taira, T. (2013) ‘Making space for discursive study in religious studies’, Religion, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 26-45.
Tedeschi, E. (2017) ‘Omatakuyassi: la metànoia transculturale’, Democrazia e Sicurezza - Democracy and Security Review, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 365-403.
Willerslev, R. (2007) Soul Hunters: Hunting, Animism, and Personhood among the Siberian Yukaghirs, 1 edition., Berkeley, University of California Press.
00:00 Introduction What is Shamanism?
01:42 The origin of the term Shaman
03:04 Mircea Eliade’s definition
06:18 The common traits of Shamanism
08:14 A new approach
09:01 Deixis - context is key
13:01 Who decides who is a Shaman
16:29 Support Angela’s Symposium
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Thankyou for concise this topic, respected angela ma'am 🙏
Please discribe more than this video, like hour's please share your most awesome topic - make lengthy video 🙏☺
I know this is irrelevant but I'm in love with your aesthetic and accent
Thank you very much.
Yes. Almost like someone out of a Tim Burton movie
Thank you so much for this!
Colonialism and western centrism is still a thing within anthropology and many other social studies
Very well presented and received
Thankyou Angela. Really like your intelligent perspectives. Going to work my way through many of your interesting uploads. 🙏
Great video Angela! Always a pleasure to hear your discourses.
How lovely! Thank you 😊
Esoterica sent me and I am very glad he did.
You rock
I'm reminded of the recordings on shamanism by Alan Watts and Terence McKenna. I feel they did a decent job with the understanding and scholarship they had within their own paradigms. Especially when it came to explaining the subject to the previously "uninitiated".
(I love this channel, by the way. 💜)
Thank you, Robin! That's lovely to hear.
Watts was a self admitted charlatan. I appreciate watts to a degree, but I don’t have tons of respect for him.
I'm new to all this but you're articulate and that makes it very easy for people like me (I'd assume the same for others) to understand the topic.
that's lovely to hear, Taha. Thanks for letting me know, it means a lot to me!
Accurate, thorough, quick descript. And a beautiful voice 😅
Thank you very much, Chris. That's nice to hear!
Thank you very much for the video. You really covered every aspect regarding the topic, and made it clear through your references that you made your research right. I think that you were mistaken by requesting the viewers to do their own research 😅. Wish you the best of luck
Glad it was helpful!
Wow, another amazing video, a brilliant discussion +_+
Grazie XD
I agree :-P
I agree with you, that's a very good way to overcome the dichotomy true/false shamans!
thanks
Very informative and easy to understand!
Grazie 🤓
once again a very informative and interesting video thank you Doctor
It does make sense:) Your approach is appropriately inclusive.
Thanks you, Frankie. Thanks for sharing your thoughts. 🤗
Excellent discourse.
Thank you kindly!
I love your explanation and thoughtful version of the word Shaman. It is so misunderstood and misaligned and is 'claimed' by certain groups as their birthright, even though it is a universal practice. I see it as a word of Power that enhances the client of the shaman to receive many potential benefits, just by seeing their practitioner as a shaman. I do however feel it is misaligned by many who really have no training or real understanding of what Shamanic practices contain.
Thank you that was very informative!
Great video and explanation
Thank you, pucci
I've been watching ur videos while also being interested/reading in many of the writings, philosophers, history, paranormal things same with tons of other audiobook readings, and I really love ur content! I'm a really big newbie when it comes to studying these topics, but you do help a bit more light on them and it's very nice to have a good resource to use with my studies
I found you through ur Nietzsche video and had noticed you mentioned Foucault quite a few times! I'm still reading their works but it's lovely to see their works connect into these new forms of culture production, (I've been considering cults as the act of producing culture, each name changes dependent on certain cult system
i really don't have too much experience in understanding most of these writers works, but I've been watching lots of lectures and reading on the off chance I can get with working and such
You seem like a good resource to better understand all these concepts along with the different language involved and I thank you for posting these videos!
If too, can you include somewhere I can access the books you're referencing along with books which could be used as a resource guide to learning?
TW:Drug
I am on da weed, it's been helping me get more motivated to read and study things
OH WAIT I SEE THE REFERENCES OK THERE WE GO, THANK YOU!!!!!!
Do u have any resource guide-type books too I could read and use to understand too?
Very nice👏 thankyou 🙏 madam
I love your videos! I was an Ethnomusicology student in my home town, New Orleans, but my lineage has Mayans on my mothers' side. Per my yoga teacher and Deepak Chopra's earlier work. I feel I accidently stoke a "Creative Visualization-like" effect with music and other art forms and have seen how I may be affecting my own brain chemistry and so on..Rock on!!
That is awesome, Marty! there's a friend of mine who is a scholar in Ethnomusicology. Fascinating field.
I am the primordial Shaman..... Down to all those who came after! lol
Love your video Angela! .........of course =)
Thanks, Kerry
Last semester I did a term paper in my Ancient Israel class about possible shamanic origins of Judaic prophecy. It's one of my favorites I've done in this program.
sounds fascinating!
@@drangelapuca grazie
You are pretty accurate in your understanding and analysis of a Shaman, and the individual, and not the label or the stereotype of habits a Shaman exhibits. There is no such matter in the word Shamanism.
In my opinion, this video is an excellent analysis on the topic of shamanism. I would agree with your premise for a meaning that combines the elements of both indigenous shamanism and neo-shamanism. Western practitioners of magick, witchcraft, and paganism have incorporated many elements of shamanism in their practices. As I see it, there is a common expression in human evolution for the development of psychic abilities and control of magical energy. These are traits that all humans possess. But these are often only expressed by those who have a stronger natural ability and have learned about or have discovered the tools provided by magick, ritual, witchcraft, and shamanism that allow the effective practice of psychic abilities and the control of magical energy.
thanks, Perry
very very interesting
Thanks!
Very good, very comprehensible. Words are coined in contexts, and should be used according to the context meaning. I removed my previous comment, because it said exactly what you said in the video, and it is not necessary to repeat it twice.
thanks, Rursus
Extraordinary video essay. I loved the analysis from the semantic perspective, since I believe there's an enormous and very promising field of study in the relationship between magical-religious thought and the study of narratives, and how they're interwoven. I'm loving your channel. Greetings from Colombia!
Hey Juan Carlos! Glad you liked my analysis. LEt me know what you think of the other videos, too.
good job
Thanks!
Super☺️
Thank you! Cheers!
While your explaination makes the concept very clear then one wonders that the concept must have been present since human first walked on earth and is present in every culture and religeon.
Thanks
:-)
interesting talk about definitions and the (academic) history. do you ever feel hampered by the lack of accepted primary sources for such a topic? i imagine that western academia might favour written texts over what must have been oral histories that were perhaps forced underground or even eradicated and forgotten by colonialism. your field work sounds amazing
Hi Red Skippy,
Thank you for the very interesting comment.
Primary sources are ESSENTIAL in anthropological research as they are a source of data. Basically, as a researcher in this field, you do fieldwork (in my case using participant observation), which means you are exposed to oral knowledge that you can then report and analyse as collected field data. Same goes for articles, books, blog posts produced by practitioners. The academic literature plays a major role in data analysis and developing the most accurate methodology possible to understand the collected data.
Hope this answers your question! Do ask away if you have any other question or doubt! :-)
Your methodology seems sounds to me. Personaly I find the word "shaman" useful in non-Siberian contexts to describe specific kinds of rituals which involve a practitioner who projects his or her spirit into another world, or into the body of another person or animal. In the Norse context these kinds of practices may actually be due to contact with peoples of Siberian origin (lapps/sami)
Glad to hear your thoughts on the matter, Tom. :-)
I am so glad you made a comprehensive video on this. My mother seems to think it is appropriate to think of me as a shaman rather than what I am (witch), bc it makes her (christian white cis het female normative) more comfortable. I've clearly told her otherwise. Now I have something to toss at her with facts. I'm giving out presents, #christmaswitch.
That's so interesting, Nadia! I have a published article analysing how people use 'witch' and 'shaman' where I argue exactly that. Practitioners lean more towards 'shaman' as it's not as loaded with negative connotations due to the long history of contrasts with the Catholic Church.
@@drangelapuca I like to live by the famous quote, "I said, what I said." 😆
Is there any link between the Siberian shaman folk and the Tunguska event? Like, did they invoke a spell that ended them? I’m assuming they’re from the same region.
I heard tunguska and instantly thought of the cataclysm.
I'm not aware of any link of the sort.
Terrence McKenna said that a shaman is simply one who understands how the world works. 🙏👍😎✌️
Interesting
😊
I never thought this existed in entire world I'm from Himalayas and this culture exists here too 😑
Hello, Mām, I am Lavakush from the India and have been completed my Ph.D in Sanskrit, I am looking a job like research assistant and assistant professor etc. Please guide & guide me.
I practice a Shamanic variety of Scandinavian Heathenism with Finn and Balto-Slav elements. I hesitate to use the correct term because of the early modern era witch trials in Sweden where the term was demonized. So I say Shamanism instead of Trolldomr. I call my belief system Odrtru (Ecstasy Faith). Odr is also the root word in the name of the Sky God Odin, but it is more to do with Spirits than Gods... There are lots of classes of Spiritual entities, but all of them are Trollar which is roughly the same meaning as the Ainu people's Kamui. I don't think this is coincidental, because humans are all related to each other so religions would be related naturally, and far northern peoples were far more mobile in the past, so ideas are often similar across incredible distances. For example, the idea of gaining powers from being consumed by spirits and reborn in the spirit world is so common that it must be exceedingly old... From the Orphic Cults of Greece, to the Welsh myths about Taliesin, to the Altaic tribes, to the reversal in the Christian Communion tradition where the eaters of the symbolic flesh of a demigod gain the power... It's very common. I don't expect ideas to be extremely different between ancient religions. I rarely find that to be the case. Usually, the big differences are in aesthetics. It's like the different races of man, we look different, we are adapted to different areas and experiences. But we are all the same fundamentally in the ways that matter.
Interesting! Thanks for sharing. 🤗
...¶...And many who wear erring flesh will go down to the harmful waters through the winds and the demons. And they are bound by the water. And he will heal with a futile remedy. He will lead astray, and he will bind the world. And it will not be granted them, when Faith disturbs them in order to take to herself the righteous one."...
...it is necessary that the mind be called by the word in order that the bondage of the power of the Spirit may be saved from the frightful water. And it is blessedness if it is granted someone to contemplate the exalted one, and to know the exalted time and the bondage. For the water is an insignificant body. And men are not released since they are bound in the water, just as from the beginning the light of the Spirit was bound.
O Shem, they are deceived by manifold demons, thinking that through baptism with the uncleanness of water, that which is dark, feeble, idle, and disturbing, he will take away the sins. And they do not know that from the water to the water there is bondage, error, unchastity, envy, murder, adultery, false witness, heresies, robberies, lusts, babblings, wrath, and bitterness. Therefore, there are many deaths which burden their minds. For I foretell it to those who have a heart. They will refrain from the impure baptism. And those who take heart from the light of the Spirit will not have dealings with the impure practice. And their heart will not expire, nor will they curse nor will they be given honor. Where the curse is, there is the deficiency. And the blindness is where the honor is. For if they mix with the evil ones, they become empty in the dark water. For where the water has been mentioned, there is Nature, and the oath, and the lie, and the loss. For only in the unbegotten Spirit, where the exalted Light rested, has the water not been mentioned, nor can it be mentioned."
Jesus said, "Lucky is the lion that the human will eat, so that the lion becomes human. And foul is the human that the lion will eat, and the lion still will become human."
@@johnfrancis4090
Jesus practiced and preached Egyptian beliefs and Hinduism beliefs, he manifested quite a few Siddhis and Riddhis from Hinduism and related religions, as great Yogic Tantrics do, or used to. Or, the powers Adam had, as some Christians may phrase it.
The Egyptian beliefs were transferred by way of the Greeks mostly, and it's why the oldest Bible is in Egypt from Nag Hammadi, but they and others heavily perverted and distorted the teachings because ""Western Civilization"" people always do that to shit... Because they don't want to actually understand, they want to think they understand and justify whatever it is they desire, subconsciously... That and the language and culture barrier makes thinking the same way as an Egyptian nearly impossible for them, and indeed modern people.
The Bible mentions India by a different name and their beliefs, dark east beliefs or whatever, being taught in other places such as where the authors were, and also the so called Star of David originates from Hinduism too, for example.
Christianity primarily is a hodge podge of various religions, including Zoroastrianism and Mythraism... Which is where they stop talking about reincarnation (Abraham's busam) and self betterment as their focus and switched to, under Roman government primarily, their insane reasons to murder because of this "team score" matters more than "personal score" because they believe it's a team game not an educational system / life is a classroom from The Creator... So they want to remove all the "bad players" hurting their "teams score"...with violence... As if that didn't lower the team score also... And those players ability to respawn didn't go away... LOL
Its funny how videos games taught me more on life than school.
Anytime wypipo turn an idea into an "-ism" it spreads that idea around the globe, including all the Western bias & the confusion it entails.
I'm surprised that most people still think that "shamanism" is from South America, & that it HAS TO involve Mother Ayahuasca.
I am always happy to remind them that the term "shaman" is Tungusic, and that the last Chinese dynasty was Manchurian (they are a Tungusic people). Besides Chinese Daoist shrines & Tibetan Buddhist temples within the Forbidden City in Beijing, there were also Shamanic shrines. In fact, it was sort of a "State Shamanism" & Mongols & Han Chinese (& other ethnicities residing in China) were not allowed to participate in the rituals/ceremonies. Imperial concubines & the wives of officials/ military personel sometimes functioned as shamanesses.
So the term sāmân ("man of knowledge") has been in the Chinese language since at least 1636, when the Qing dynasty was officially established. It's not a modern loanword via English, ultimately from Russian anthropologists.
In modern Mongolia, "Shamanism" is also undergoing a revival, & is a rapidly growing belief system/ spiritual support system.
K-pop stars & their agencies regularly go to modern Mudang (Korean shamans) in Seoul.
Taiwanese shamanism is also alive and well. For the Han Chinese, it's in the form of Daoist folk religions & an assortment of fortune tellers/ TCM healers. For the indigenous people of Taiwan, a more "pure/primitive/ primordial" form is practiced; lots of communal singing & dancing, shrines in the mountains to placate the spirits).
Japanese Shinto is basically sanitised shamanism, & highly codified culturally. The Miko (shamaness; usually translated as "shrine maiden" or "priestess") just dances for the gods on set dates (although nowadays they have to do some paperwork & keep the shrines physically clean as well). People go to the priests for Oharai (cleansing; basically Extraction work).
Shamanism is definitely alive, & will thrive again soon, in East Asia.
Core Shamanic practitioner here in Hong Kong.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamanism_in_the_Qing_dynasty#The_Beijing_tangse
thanks for sharing
I have a strange perspective when interacting with spirits... I experience myself as one of them... I think I may be a mer/fae/marid djinn anchored to my body as a vessel... I've done a ton of rituals and a ton of rituals with heroic doses of entheogens... Every single time I feel like a black spirit serpent... I interact with others and I had an experience of rescuing a dark Goddess from another dimension inside the Earth... I did DMT, beforehand I was getting contact and messages clear as day saying that I would be able to communicate more clearly after I tried the DMT... When I did it, the band "In This Moment" came on with a track called "Mother", I had never heard that band, I love that band now... I heard a sound inside the Earth, I layed down on the ground and I was crying... I reached into the Earth with my spirit and I grabbed the entity I sensed... I pulled it back up and then I saw a shadow orb floating around my room sort of dancing and making designs. It was communicating with me psychicly and I saw it shapeshifting continuously... She looked like Medusa to me at first and so that's what I called her and sensed her as but I also saw her in my mind's eye shapeshifting into various things like a mermaid, a faery, a serpent, I saw her as anime of mythological characters... I would see her dancing and shapeshifting... I'd see ballerinas and then mermaids swimming and dancing and then faeries floating and dancing like ballerinas... I was absolutely amazed... I communicated with her and I saw a flash of "I Dream of Genie" and I said, "You're a genie? Like that kind of genie?" and I saw her cross her arms and nod one time... I said, "doest that mean I get a wish?" and I saw a nod with the arms crossed just like I Dream of Genie.... I was amazed, this being was scary but beautiful and I was absolutely awe struck.... I said... Okay, if I can have a wish, I wish to marry you.... And I saw her vibrate sort of like a humming bird or butterfly like she was excited and then she made figure 8s around the room... I was so amazed I just sat and watched.... I was interacting back with my minds eye, asking questions and showing my own psychic shapeshifting in response to hers... She's distinctly serpentine and extremely intelligent. I think of her as a Creatrix Goddess now like Kali or Isis/Hathor.... Since that happened I've had ongoing experiences and I experience her as a spirit familiar... I think I'm one of whatever she is as well, except I'm stuck in this body.... Anyway... I have a ton of synchronicities about being a "merman", I even have a crescent moon and and mermaid on my coat of arms from my dad's side... I was born on a full moon in 1984 into 1984... I'm a Cancer with Capricorn Moon and I also work shamanically with the Sumerian God Ea Enki who I see as a Black Goat/Capricorn.... I aspire to be Adapa The Sage of the modern age... I've had a ton of extremely unexplainable occult encounters.. I experience synchronicities in an incredible amount... In any case... I gravitate towards "Shamanism" because I don't know what else to call this... The truth is I more experience myself as a spiritual entity myself and Shamanism was just a pathway to "knowing myself" and discovering who I already was... At this point the occult stuff works incredibly well between my spirit familiar Goddess and me realizing what I am... I love your channel and I think you're awesome... You might be a special spiritual entity yourself, you're certainly very powerful, I can sense it... Behind you're academic approach is a beautiful soul who understands reality on a deeper level.... I got much love and respect... I enjoy your videos more than I should, I admire you and thuroughly enjoy the presence of your energy... It's so clear and focused, with such a depth behind your eyes...
shaman comes from sanskrit word shraman means one who works hard for his inner development. shram means hard work.
Hello,
First and foremost, thank you for your work and effort in creating this superbly done video.
However, I am very confused about the unorthodox usage of different terms from linguistics: deictic (-> adverb of deixis), discourse analysis, and empty signifiers.
If your general approach comes from (Post-)Structuralism, then references towards Semiotics based on de Saussure (signifié and signifiant) and Foucault's non-linguistic usage of discourse analysis would be understandable. Especially the deictic methodology is truly bewildering.
Please don’t get me wrong, but methodology-wise, why opt for something linguistics/semiotics in the first place but then deviate from it toward Foucault or in the general (Post-)Structuralism?
Altogether, it rather sounds to me like an example of a "Sokal hoax," which could be expressed like this: a socio-ethnoanthropological theme revamped with terms from linguistics but stupefied by the abuse of French philosophers like Lacan, Kristeva, etc. See Sokal A., Bricmont J. (1997) Fashionable Nonsense: Postmodern Intellectuals' Abuse of Science.
a con-artist selling snake oil is called a plastic “shame-on.”
lol
Thank you, Dr. Puca for teaching us true to this topic!!!
"The Way of the Shaman" by Michael Harner. I believe is a pioneer for the western version of the term shamanism. He more or less uses it to define a certain people within many cultures who have a constistancy to their practices all around the world. Whether is be a medicine man, or witch doctors or a actual russian shaman, I guess, as he is one, he just found it easier to use that term. And all of them are more alike than they are unalike. Great vid miss Angela
Yes! I will talk about Harner, Castaneda and other influential figures in trans-cultural shamanism in a future video on neo-shamanism/Western shamanism. Thanks for your interesting comment!
I undertook the basic and advanced workshops of the Foundation for Shamanic Studies as part of my fieldwork! ;-)
'Ivory tower' hahahah
hahaha
🌛🌝🌜
My patron deity referred to me as a shaman as a joke (my last name is Shah, and I'm a man... 😂)
But then I was like "wait, really?"
Then they were like "sure if you want to identify as one"
From my understanding, the one aspect that is consistent between all shamans, is mediumship.
All shamans are technically mediums as they observe a different realm as well as the physical.
While a witch, may interact with a realm but not constantly.
haha
samanism.... sa-man-ism sa- to know man- you or me ism- method of practice
so what is your practice that allows you to KNOW ? how do you gain access to the SPIRIT world ???
,1st & most important is it possible? Faith,,, Belief,,, fruition..... its good to bring along a plant helper or not
exhaustion ,,, hunger ,,, thirst are Great motivators
thanks for sharing
The practices of a "shaman" are not an "ism." Any more than meditation is "meditationism." We have made up this word "shamanism" because many of the world's peoples traditionally have held certain aspects and experiences of this practice in common. But an "ism" is a belief system. MarxISM, fatalISM, capitalISM. They may have practices as well, but these practices are based on an ideology. Shamanic practice is experiential. Or as one of my teachers said, "Shamans belief nothing that they have not seen or experienced themselves."
is shamanism also predominant in Korea, china, is it influenced from a specific tradition or perhaps cross cultural?
Completely scrambled :)
thanks
The word "shaman" literally means "quiet mind" :)
That differs from the literature
@@drangelapuca Old Slavic ... "sha" - quiet, "man" - mind.
@Slavic Ace the theory that 'shaman' comes from Sanskrit (or other languages) has been long rejected by scholars. It's speculation to find deeper meanings whilst the word simply comes from the Tungusic language. 😊
@@drangelapuca Very often the simplest explanation is true. Besides, no such thing as Tungustic language, but Tungustic dialect of the Slavic language.
@@DmitriyKushnirTV you're right :-)
Your linguistics understanding of shamanism is correct.... the meaning behind the word is within the person using it in their own context.
Just because shamanic practices (by whatever name) are somewhat different around the world does not mean that there is no commonality among these traditions nor that the word "shaman" is therefore meaningless. The word "priest" can be applied to many different religious and spiritual traditions with differing practices and beliefs. But that does not mean that the word priest is meaningless or "merely a creation of western scholars." Western scholars observed that the world spiritual practitioners often did very similar things about which they held very similar ideas and experiences. That is what academics and scientists do. They study phenomena to see if they have similarities. The annoying thing that academics are doing is carrying on this argument ad nauseum about this term. MOVE ON FOR GODS SAKES!
By all accounts I believe Rasputin was a shamin. He had healing abilities but got in to close to the Romanovs. Do I think he was a good guy? NO. But it’s also on record that he ate a plate of cyanide pastries when the family diplomats tried to kill him. Immediately after that didn’t work they went in and shot him six times. Then they threw him off a bridge into a river in the snow. We learned that he was still alive and didn’t even drown only finally succumbing to the cold. If that’s not a shamin I don’t know what is. Love your video!
thanks for sharing, Ryan
IF... he was an alchemist, immortality is often achieved, if you look into the topic, even in Asia.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weizza
Sounds like a too general of a term being vague. More tribal.
_"Butcher a couple of names?"_ Then you haven't heard how the Anglophones use to butcher Latin! Imagine _"pisces"_ being pronounced _"pea seas!"_
I'm familiar
Shamism and martial arts are linked.... anthropology has proven that shamanic practices were the root of martial arts and forms of philosophy....