1,000,000x Magnification with Atomic Force Microscope

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 3 มิ.ย. 2024
  • Today we're looking at Atomic Force Microscopy! I built a "macro-AFM" to demonstrate the principles of an atomic force microscope, then we look at a real AFM (an nGauge AFM from ICSPI) and do a few scans in the shop to see how it works.
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    AFM is a complimentary technique to SEM. Both can provide nanometer resolution images, but their different mechanisms (phyiscal probing vs electron beam) means they have different characteristics. AFM excels in precise heightmaps of the sample, easy scanning (no vacuum, no metal coating) and a diverse range of related techniques. SEM offers high depth-of-field and a very large field of view, which makes it easy to get a broad overview of a sample and then zoom in. Labs often use both in research because they compliment each other's strengths.
    nGauge AFM from ICSPI: www.icspicorp.com/
    Macro-AFM inspiration paper: Amin-Shahidi, Darya, and David Trumper. "Macro-scale atomic force microscope: An experimental platform for teaching precision mechatronics." Mechatronics 31 (2015): 234-242.
    Scans are post processed in Gwyddion (gwyddion.net/) and 3D images rendered in Blender
    0:00 AFM Scans!
    1:26 What is Atomic Force Microscopy?
    3:10 DIY "Macro-AFM" and real AFM
    4:34 Macro-AFM overview
    6:44 Cantilever displacement sensing
    7:30 Scanning on the Macro-AFM
    8:45 Tricky aspects of scanning probe microscopy
    10:20 Topographic result of lattice scan
    10:50 Traditional AFMs are big
    12:34 MEMs scanner on the nGauge
    13:45 Scan: Tungsten Carbide insert
    17:42 Scan: Ablated aluminum
    19:47 Scan: Gage block
    20:52 Conclusion
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ความคิดเห็น • 903

  • @dienelt5661
    @dienelt5661 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1933

    Shows the results at the beginning of the video : ABSOLUTE LEGEND

    • @annaw.1951
      @annaw.1951 3 ปีที่แล้ว +52

      That's actually a really good way to grab attention, especially with results that good I want to know how it was achieved :D

    • @ruiqiangliu3511
      @ruiqiangliu3511 3 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      This guy has a PhD degree

    • @shadowknight7584
      @shadowknight7584 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      I agree

    • @geobot9k
      @geobot9k 3 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      That alone got me to sub

    • @aaronnekrin5150
      @aaronnekrin5150 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Super absolute legend

  • @MatryxMayhem
    @MatryxMayhem 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1125

    The best part. Is that Historically humanity in the past has poked things with sticks to try and understand them. But in the present day we still do, the stick has just become a whole lot cooler.

    • @SpeakerWiggin49
      @SpeakerWiggin49 2 ปีที่แล้ว +16

      We never imagined textures could be so quantified. Our ancestors knew nothing of the micro world, they couldn't even conceive of a stick as small as a nanometer and moving so quickly.

    • @tericulbertson4430
      @tericulbertson4430 2 ปีที่แล้ว +23

      @@SpeakerWiggin49 that’s not the point, the point is our ancestors poked things with sticks to try and understand them just like we’re doing now with the microscopic world

    • @angrydragonslayer
      @angrydragonslayer 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @Stellvia Hoenheim ..... Pls stop.

    • @jeffmorris9893
      @jeffmorris9893 2 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      Come here. We are experimenting on people.
      -How do you experiment on people?
      We stick things in them.
      - Are you from the Biology Lab?
      What's a bilogee lab?

    • @xX1GuNNy1Xx
      @xX1GuNNy1Xx 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      They are a lot cooler for sure!!! And much much much smaller 😂

  • @satrioarif1797
    @satrioarif1797 3 ปีที่แล้ว +342

    Love this so much, its like the most basic nature of humanity.
    "What the fuck is this? lets poke with a stick" thoughts stand the test of time to the fricking atom

    • @199NickYT
      @199NickYT 2 ปีที่แล้ว +24

      YES!! That and "let's smash these two things together to see what flies out"

    • @theman13532
      @theman13532 2 ปีที่แล้ว +18

      @@199NickYT you forgot "lets burn these things to see what happens"

    • @199NickYT
      @199NickYT 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      ​@@theman13532 Or even "let's poke it with a (nanoscopic) stick"

  • @t0k4m4k7
    @t0k4m4k7 3 ปีที่แล้ว +465

    Can we talk about how he literally built a scanning microscope for demonstration purposes?

    • @deepspacemachines
      @deepspacemachines 2 ปีที่แล้ว +46

      macroscope :o

    • @t0k4m4k7
      @t0k4m4k7 2 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      @@deepspacemachines lol true

    • @x1Conan3Spartan0x
      @x1Conan3Spartan0x 2 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      This is a completely different lifestyle of focus. I thought my KD in Cod was good... this man is helping solve wonders of the world.

    • @t0k4m4k7
      @t0k4m4k7 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @d3adsoulja i meant the macroscopic one

    • @WmSrite-pi8ck
      @WmSrite-pi8ck 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      I don't think it is a "scanning microscope." I think it's actually a "probing macroscope."

  • @RememberingMaryEvely
    @RememberingMaryEvely 2 ปีที่แล้ว +104

    I've been retired some 12 years now, but back in the '90s I lead a team to select and purchase an AFM. I then supported it (and its Windows 3.1 interface) and trained users. Your model is excellent.

    • @sdrc92126
      @sdrc92126 ปีที่แล้ว

      Back in the 90's I was working with one of my profs building these. stm actually. iirc, there were doubts as to whether they were actually showing the images they said they were...

    • @nicholaswood7704
      @nicholaswood7704 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Hey we're waiting for somebody to prove that about our own perceptions? Are we really hearing what we think were hearing are we really seeing what we think we're seeing how do you know?

  • @iain3713
    @iain3713 3 ปีที่แล้ว +168

    Holy shit that pcb is crazy, those little flexures are really cool

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +30

      Right?! Miracle of engineering, it's wild that these things are possible at all.

    • @claypotts2334
      @claypotts2334 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @Stellvia Hoenheim Stellvia of the Universe

  • @p41nk1ller2
    @p41nk1ller2 3 ปีที่แล้ว +121

    Amazing! As a technician in a physical lab i applaud you for the great explanation, and the macroscale AFM makes it so much clearer for everyone!

    • @p41nk1ller2
      @p41nk1ller2 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @Stellvia Hoenheim I have basic knowledge of AFM, i am not an expert. (I learned new things)
      My thanks is for the time/effort spend on the research, explanation and rebuilding a 3d printer to AFM to teach people the principle.

  • @faxezu
    @faxezu 3 ปีที่แล้ว +25

    As a PhD Student in MEMS technology the chip a 7:18 just put me in awe.
    I know how complex the mechanics of the "simple actuation" I want to achieve is. This thing with x/y/z controlled motion is just beyond and stunning to see in almost exclusive silicon.
    Edit: 13:06 blew me away even more! One can still see the point the the "arm" was etched free from the surface, amazing!

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Pretty wild, right? It's amazing what MEMS engineering can do these days! IIRC, the actuators are thermal bimorph actuators (instead of electrostatic comb, which is what I assumed at first), which is just super cool :)

  • @Justin-dv7ul
    @Justin-dv7ul 3 ปีที่แล้ว +51

    Atomic force microscopy is one of my favorite microscopy techniques, just because it can see down to nanometer resolution, give quantitative data in the Z direction, and the sample does not needs to be in a vacuum. compared to scanning electron microscopy, which requires the sample to be in vacuum, does not see in 3d or give quantitive data in the Z direction.
    Atomic force microscopes are just so cool

    • @absolute___zero
      @absolute___zero 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      also scanning electron microscope damages the sample because the electrons (since they are accelerated to a somewhat high speed) can hit the electrons in the atoms of the sample itself and affect the valence bonding in the chemical elements under inspection. So, if you making some custom integrated circuit for a client, and you want to verify if it is ok (quality test), you can't use electron microscope since it will introduce defects in the product

    • @Justin-dv7ul
      @Justin-dv7ul 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@absolute___zero That’s true too

  • @andrewphillip8432
    @andrewphillip8432 3 ปีที่แล้ว +92

    It’s really incredible we get to have complete MEMS AFMs in 2021. Seems like this came a bit early

    • @blahblahblahblah2933
      @blahblahblahblah2933 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Nah, 2021 owes us.

    • @ExtantFrodo2
      @ExtantFrodo2 3 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      2021? We should have halfway mature universal assemblers.

    • @andrewphillip8432
      @andrewphillip8432 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      @@ExtantFrodo2 idk man transistors aren’t even 100 years old yet. Micro fabrication is still very new

    • @ExtantFrodo2
      @ExtantFrodo2 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@andrewphillip8432 Present day technology is sufficient for individuals to build personal spacecraft as well as orbiting habitats and factories with all necessary life support systems and communications. Yet almost no one understands the power and capabilities of the programmable femto-second quantum cascade laser array which can not only implement catalytic chemical restructuring on demand but molecular positioning and orientation as well for nano-assembly.

    • @bottlekruiser
      @bottlekruiser 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@ExtantFrodo2 Personal spacecraft?

  • @eVITORIOe
    @eVITORIOe 3 ปีที่แล้ว +59

    try it in a CD, we should be able to see the data in the grooves.

    • @pawesomepal7827
      @pawesomepal7827 2 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      you can see that with a regular microscope

    • @milothedestroyerify
      @milothedestroyerify 2 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      Cds are covered in plastic, you can't get to the pits that are in the foil.

    • @RaduOleniuc
      @RaduOleniuc 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@milothedestroyerify you can remove the foil.

  • @Alexander_Sannikov
    @Alexander_Sannikov 3 ปีที่แล้ว +111

    what i really like about your channel right now is that while it hasn't exploded yet, you have enough time to reply to semi-sensible comments that we leave, which i'm pretty sure will not be the case once it takes off :)

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +38

      Well, if the channel ever does take off in a big way, I'll still try. I like interacting with folks in the comments, I've learned a ton that way! There are _a lot_ of super knowledgeable folks here :)

    • @danielguy3581
      @danielguy3581 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@BreakingTaps MEMS technology is an Ukrainian conspiracy to inject mind-controlling chips into our [1/286]

    • @1SmokedTurkey1
      @1SmokedTurkey1 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@danielguy3581 Correct but it isn't Ukrainian. It was created by the illuminati lizard overlords that [1/274]

    • @Ygr3ku
      @Ygr3ku 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      @@1SmokedTurkey1 Me, not knowing what you guys are talking about at the end of your comments [1/404]

  • @u_t2347
    @u_t2347 2 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    I hear on good authority that "Tapping on atoms with a very sharp stick" is also a highly technical term.
    Great video, easy enough to follow even though I had no idea about your field. Thanks for sharing.

  • @23chaos23
    @23chaos23 3 ปีที่แล้ว +42

    DUDE! you have the best toys, so jelly. Ill just go back to my resin printing corner and cry now. lol

    • @reyariass
      @reyariass 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @Stellvia Hoenheim Will pocket change do? I have about 3.50

  • @holemajora598
    @holemajora598 3 ปีที่แล้ว +79

    Honestly I can’t think of a single case in my life where I would need this but it’s still cool information.
    Ps: awesome deal, maybe unorthodox but a sweet deal

    • @connerphillips1228
      @connerphillips1228 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      As a private person there isn't really a need aside from curiosity. But it is absolutely a marvelous research tool.

    • @brertt8350
      @brertt8350 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      For the sake of science, just the fact that we now know something we didn't before is valuable enough

  • @ugurunver2403
    @ugurunver2403 2 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    That's basically a vinyl record player in atomic scale. And I liked how that image gauge block surface resembles Mars surface. I mean, i know they just choose to use that color palette for images but i think it's worth to think about the surface detail/mass ratios of both Mars and gauge blocks.

  • @zeropoint5794
    @zeropoint5794 3 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    So i've had that project in my mind for a while.
    A geometry scanner to scan complex surfaces in a more or less automated way.
    Mechanically like a 3d printer, but with a probe instead of a hotend.
    Nothing extra fancy, all i want is .5mm of resolution on each axis.
    Guess now i finally have the inspiration for the probe design.
    Great stuff!

  • @Galeere2
    @Galeere2 3 ปีที่แล้ว +23

    This is incredible. Imagine how cheap it could be if it was mass-produced

  • @amoose136
    @amoose136 3 ปีที่แล้ว +55

    It’s a shame they too operate on the “request for quote” pricing model. Look I don’t care if your product cost 1k, 10k, 1M, or 10M just list the damn price, whatever it is.

    • @whuzzzup
      @whuzzzup 3 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      Agreed, "request for quote" is the worst thing ever.

    • @caseyjones7404
      @caseyjones7404 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Yes I see it, Yes I want to buy it. I need 15. Take my money. Response : we dont have 15, only 12,000 min. Sure, send me the 12000, im going to take 15 out. Send it back on an account of the "picture does not match' cannot be applyed to out exact use.... Request Refund.....

    • @bluekenya4825
      @bluekenya4825 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      'Request for quote' simply means you might need some therapy before and after you see the price. But no worries. There is always a disruptor around the corner.

    • @jskratnyarlathotep8411
      @jskratnyarlathotep8411 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      at least what is the scale of price. Is it about $5k? Or $50k?

    • @oni2ink
      @oni2ink 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@jskratnyarlathotep8411 Dunno for this one, but the range of prices seems to be 1k-100k$
      www.afmworkshop.com/afm-products/price-list

  • @z4lper
    @z4lper 3 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    This is a very good intro to the SPM world, amazing! One quick note, AFM cantilevers don't have a mirror glued on top, instead they might be coated with a metal, like aluminum and gold for certain applications, like AFM imaging in liquid. Cheers!

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Whoops, good point! I was watching a lecture on the origins of STM/AFM and "glued on top" got stuck in my head haha. AFM in liquid is pretty wild!

  • @Ratkill
    @Ratkill 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    That gauge block surface really put the resolution into perspective for me. Unbelievable. It looks like the surface of mars, not some of machining's most finely surfaced measuring tools.

    • @johndef5075
      @johndef5075 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      That was amazing. Not what I expected.

  • @MuditGupta89
    @MuditGupta89 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    that macroscale AFM was amazing! This is quickly becoming one of my favorite channels, unique, very well explained and filmed topics.

  • @CrazyMineCuber
    @CrazyMineCuber 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Very cool indeed! I just finished a very similar project at university. We made our own Scanning Tunnelling Microscope! Uses most of the same principles, but instead of tapping on the surface, you move a very sharp probe about an atom away from the surface. Then when a small voltage between the probe and the sample is applied, a magical current appear that is extremely distance sensitive. Our goal was to see atoms, so a micrometer is pretty huge in my brain currently :)

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Goodness, now that is definitely brain breaking. Very cool!

    • @_John_P
      @_John_P 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@BreakingTaps It is a bit confusing the difference between "making contact" and "not making contact", as "physical contact" is a remote interaction between fields, so maybe what is meant by "contact" is when the tip is close enough to produce phonons and potentially exchanging atoms, or rearranging them on the surface, hence potentially causing wear, sticking the needle to the surface, cross-contamination and change in topography?

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      ​@@_John_P Hehe good eye, I definitely glossed over that (well, I recorded a bunch trying to explain, but it was confusing and long so got cut). And looks like I technically mispoke in the final cut as well. So my understanding is that "contact" mode AFM relies on the very-close range repulsive forces between the tip and the surface. I believe this repulsive force starts just a few angstroms above the surface, and is why the cantilever is very soft so as to prevent damaging the surface (or tip) too much as they are strongly shoving on each other at that point. The so-called "non-contact" AFM relies on attractive forces at a longer distance, and measures how the attraction to the surface changes the resonance of the cantilever. I believe non-contact cantilevers are much stiffer to prevent them from being pulled down to the surface, and typically have much more sensitive amplifiers to detect the small attractive force.
      But yeah, you're totally right: all the forces are remote and nothing is _really_ in contact once you get small enough :)

  • @Coecoo
    @Coecoo 3 ปีที่แล้ว +60

    Everyone: You can't see shit on the atom level cuz it's so small.
    Science: Hold my beer.

    • @sinephase
      @sinephase 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      once we're doing lithography in the angstrom range maybe we will?

    • @spartamerican6758
      @spartamerican6758 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Still waiting for those atomic shots....

  • @pyromen321
    @pyromen321 3 ปีที่แล้ว +29

    “Glompy” is a perfectly cromulent word

  • @hullinstruments
    @hullinstruments 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Dude your channel is just awesome. This is going to get so much attention from so many huge TH-camrs and science lovers alike. I hope you continue down the path of DIY optical tools also. The community needs a well-designed DIY spectrometer, Along with so many other pieces of DIY optical test equipment and scientific apparatus! I think you’re just the man for the job!
    Your last few videos have me so excited about the possibilities!

  • @CodingTheSystem
    @CodingTheSystem 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This is just absurd. The production quality and depth you go into on your videos never ceases to amaze me. Absolutely stunning.

  • @party4keeps28
    @party4keeps28 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    "How cool is that?" 1:04
    *Incredibly Cool*

  • @NvTwist
    @NvTwist 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    That is one of the coolest tools I’ve seen… & the scans are so quick. 🤯

    • @connerphillips1228
      @connerphillips1228 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      For real. I work on a nearly 20 year old system at work and it takes around 8 minutes per scan 😂

  • @ShubhamBhushanCC
    @ShubhamBhushanCC 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    The Macro FM is amazing!!! I did not expect such a great result

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Me either! Was honestly shocked how nice it came out, especially after the meh confocal results :)

  • @LeoMakes
    @LeoMakes 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Super inspiring work! The "janky" prototype was actually my favorite part of the video! It made the concept very clear (you can't see a MEMS device working!)

  • @natalie5947
    @natalie5947 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This is the kind of science content I love. Using cool tools to do cool things. Also that was a great use of a scale model. Great content as always. I'm honestly surprised you don't have like 300k subs already.

  • @thepilotmaster777
    @thepilotmaster777 2 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    *Pokes atom with*
    *Accidentally splits atom*
    “FUCK”

    • @mierbeuker8148
      @mierbeuker8148 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      With just one atom, the answer would be, not a lot would happen. In fact with atoms up to the mass of Iron, it actually takes energy to split it. But even with a heavier atom, the amount of energy released from just one atom is so small, my guess is you won't notice anything.
      All of this of course just hypothetically assuming it would even be possible to split an atom, by just tapping on it. In reality, that would be impossible to do with something like this. Atoms are tough little guys, with really strong nuclear forces protecting their integrity.
      In this scenario, I guess it would be akin to trying to open a bank vault, by blowing on it through a straw. 🤣🤣🤣

    • @ColinMacKenzieRobots
      @ColinMacKenzieRobots 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@mierbeuker8148 Wow. You must be a blast at parties. Mansplaining the technical feasibility of every joke. 🤣

    • @mierbeuker8148
      @mierbeuker8148 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@ColinMacKenzieRobots You wouldn't know, since your gf always chooses one of her other bf's to take her to parties. But hey, at least you get to "respect" her, and give her all your money to call you her bf, right? Chad and Tyrone thanks you for your contribution.

    • @ColinMacKenzieRobots
      @ColinMacKenzieRobots 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@mierbeuker8148 I'm worried about ya man

  • @danielabbey7726
    @danielabbey7726 3 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Wow, this is amazing stuff! Is AFM only for examining rigid materials, or would it also work on cells, viruses, etc?

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +23

      AFM can do cells, proteins, DNA, etc! The cantilever is actually very "soft" (although the tip is quite hard) so it will happily scan other soft things like cells or polymers. Mine can only do dry materials so I would have to dry/fix cells to make it work (on the todo list!), but there are other AFMs that specialize in wet environments, like for alive cell cultures. There are even variants that can record the "adhesion" force, and it's used to help differentiate proteins on the surface of cells, since different proteins are more or less "sticky" than the surrounding cell membrane.
      There's a sorta-classic AFM experiment that looks at DNA which I might try some day. It's supposed to be pretty tough, but the results are neat when it works :)

    • @danielabbey7726
      @danielabbey7726 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@BreakingTaps Cool! Thanks for the detailed explanation - very deep subject.

  • @RafaelAcurcio
    @RafaelAcurcio 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm in awe... I have never seen this kind of scanning. The quality of the scan from the home made version... Wow. The quality from the company one...wow! I can't even think of projects where I would use it. The area is really small, but the speed of the results... Impressive. Thank TH-cam for the recommendation, subscribed.

  • @HolyGolyMoly
    @HolyGolyMoly 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    What an absolutely staggering piece of equipment. Mind-Blown. Thank you very much for showcasing it for us, and for creating an overwhelming craving for this piece of equipment in myself and probably thousands of others. Hard to believe that such power can exist in such a compact, plug-and-play form.

  • @HuygensOptics
    @HuygensOptics 3 ปีที่แล้ว +17

    Great stuff, I really enjoyed this! I was wondering, the samples you showed are pretty flat and parallel. How does it handle large height differences or things like surface tilt?

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +19

      Depends on how large the height differences are :) So the max Z resolution is 10 microns. If it encounters something larger than that the probe will bottom out/crash, or just start oscillating in free-air no longer touching the surface (like if travelling over a hole). The cantilever is actually pretty soft and flexible so it's unlikely to damage the probe unless you run it into a _really_ large feature which would be noticeable from the microscope. It'll just stop recording data because the oscillation is basically halted. There are also settings which control the size of the oscillation... I usually turn that up when scanning a new sample because it allows you to clear larger objects. Once you're sure the section is "safe" you can turn it down a little, which gives better resolution.
      There's usually some amount of tilt in the scans (due to angle of probe, and the stage not being perfectly parallel) which is corrected when post-processing the data. Different methods to level the image (3 point triangle, intersecting lines, polynomial, etc). If there is extreme tilt it'll be similar to running into large features, at one side of the scan you may bottom out or start scanning air. But OTOH, at a 20um scale even uneven surfaces end up being pretty flat... i was able to scan part of a fly wing for example.

    • @HuygensOptics
      @HuygensOptics 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@BreakingTaps Thanks Zach for this elaborate answer. Sounds like this is a really interesting tool, for example also for layer thickness measurements. I will definitely be checking out this product!

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +8

      ​@@HuygensOptics No problem, feel free to ping if you have questions! I didn't get into it in the video, but they have different types of probes: sharp DLC tips and less-sharp wedge tips. The wedges are designed specifically for things like thin-film thickness testing since you don't need the high aspect ratio. Apparently last a really long time and are cheaper. I'm going to be doing some thin film testing in the near future, will let you know how it goes :)

  • @BreakingTaps
    @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +22

    *Addendum*
    - More footage of the probe scanning here: th-cam.com/video/m0UK7LVSZ8g/w-d-xo.html
    - If I mispoke, leave a comment and I'll add to this addendum! I'm new to AFM :)
    - Sorry for the "glow". Some poor life choices were made while filming (fogger, for cInEmAtIc haze) and made my life hell in editing. Lessons were learned 🙃
    - There are _many_ types of scanning probe techniques, I'm only describing a very small handful of techniques for topographic information. I might cover other techniques in the future, there are dozens! There are equally many variations of topographic AFM itself, and each manufacturer has their own special sauce, so my comments are just general statements :)
    - Scans were post-processed in Gwyddion, and the 3D animations done in Blender
    - The Macro-AFM architecture is: arduino driving voice coil and measuring back-EMF, a grbl controller handling stepper motors, Rust program talking to both of those and providing a browser-based UI
    - I should have elaborated on spatial resolution more: the final resolution you get is a combination of tip radius and surface geometry. A wide tip (100nm) can still get you high precision (few nm) spatial resolution if the surface is very flat and the features are not high aspect ratio. But high aspect ratio like nanoparticles or trenches will require a sharper tip that itself has a high aspect ratio, so that the tip can access the internal geometry. So spatial resolution is variable depending on what tips you load and what the sample looks like
    - Gage block is a cheapo import from Shars, so I'm not sure if this is representative of precision ground surfaces in general, or just cheaply ground ones :)

    • @MichaelWatersJ
      @MichaelWatersJ 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Nice Blender work! Any reason you stuck with the classic yet boring AFM colormap?

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@MichaelWatersJ No particular reason :) Any suggestions for better color schemes? Definitely new to color maps in general, not sure what the best strategy is

    • @brettkent9851
      @brettkent9851 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      JET map for the win

    • @LanceThumping
      @LanceThumping 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Do you think it'd be possible to combine this with something like the Open Flexture Stage to slightly move the object over to rescan and expand the area?
      It doesn't need to do this super accurately as long as there is some overlap since that could be used to stitch the scans together automatically.

    • @mateijordache1952
      @mateijordache1952 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Awesome video! Only thing to note is that there actually are quite a lot of modes that use contact mode as the base! It does dull the tip more, but with a proper calibration you can limit the forces applied to the surface. Some interesting contact mode applications are like conductive AFM (CAFM), piezo force (PFM), scanning capacitance (SCM) and more!

  • @stephenpuryear
    @stephenpuryear 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for your transparency. It improves the rest of this very cool video. Looks like a lot of fun!

  • @michaelmazarakis6796
    @michaelmazarakis6796 3 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    I find it odd how im a high-school drop out and i find myself watching videos like this.
    It also crazy how small that probe is.

    • @willfrank961
      @willfrank961 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Dropping out means the system has failed you. Not the other way around. It's not a testament to your character. Plenty of legendary thinkers have been fed up with or been failed by the system. If you're curious and rigorous then you're a scientist.

  • @DEtchells
    @DEtchells 3 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    WOW! That is *amazing* ! Excellent explainer, the “macro AFM” is great. I learned a lot; I’d always assumed that AFMs were measuring some sort of chemical-type interaction force. They were somewhat conflated in my mind with STMs (scanning tunneling microscopes). I’m **intensely** envious of (a) all your gear but (b) especially your new pro-level AFM. (Brilliant tech; when I saw your macro AFM, I immediately thought that flexures would be a great way to do the x/y movement, then saw that that’s exactly what the ICSPI unit uses, only built with MEMS technology. I wonder if I could 3D print a platform to carry the probe, using flexures? - And also wonder what the ultimate limits might be of your Macro AFM approach.
    ==> I know they only work on a “request a quote” basis, but *is there any way you could get ICSPI to let you tell us what the overall range of prices is* for the model you have? I assume there are a lot of different configurations, so likely a broad range of prices, but maybe they’d let you tell us the general range? I doubt I’d remotely be able to afford one, but would love to know I’d it’d ever be a possibility.
    (I used a mini-SEM in college for semiconductor research I was doing at the time; it was the most fun instrument I’ve ever used 😁)

    • @Gaetano.94
      @Gaetano.94 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Know a few people that worked on this tech from Waterloo and the ngauge costs around $10,000-$15,000

    • @DEtchells
      @DEtchells 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@Gaetano.94 That actually seems remarkably inexpensive!👍

  • @DETHdressedInRED
    @DETHdressedInRED ปีที่แล้ว

    I like the style of your videos good sir! Start with the cool stuff and then capture my attention and then explain it, that way you don't lose me 3 minutes into the video. That deserves a sub.

  • @austinsloop9774
    @austinsloop9774 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    great video! good flow, informational with great explanations, no fluff, and thanks for making the MacroAFM! So rare these days

  • @skrame01
    @skrame01 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Show the results, conclusions, recommrndations first, the best way to go.

  • @RiffZifnab
    @RiffZifnab 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    "Glompy" I see you are also a person of Science. (:

  • @JohnSmith-kf1fc
    @JohnSmith-kf1fc 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    First video i see from you Breaking Taps and i gotta say this is one of the most underrated channel ive come across. You're good!

  • @MasterThief117
    @MasterThief117 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    This video is hecking awesome!
    Props to ICSpi to working with you and providing you with this microscope!

  • @billpeiman8973
    @billpeiman8973 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    I have investigated AFM before; the lowest price then was ~$25k.
    What is the price range for the nGauge ?

    • @jimquinn
      @jimquinn 3 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      $15k with first 4 tips. Tips $200@ in 4pack ($800).

    • @blahblahblahblah2933
      @blahblahblahblah2933 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@jimquinn That's not horrible if you have a need for it.

    • @billpeiman8973
      @billpeiman8973 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@jimquinn What is the expected 'lifetime' of a tip?How is that measured?

    • @jimquinn
      @jimquinn 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      $100@ ($400/4pk) std wedge tip, $200@ ($800/4pk) DLC sharp tip

    • @jimquinn
      @jimquinn 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@billpeiman8973 hundreds of scans, see ICSPI's "tip" web page......

  • @andie_pants
    @andie_pants 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    _THAT_ is how you keep our ADHD asses from clicking away... hit us with the eye candy up front! :-D

  • @TheBauwssss
    @TheBauwssss 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you very much for _not_ resorting to clickbait with your title for this video! Additionally, I want to give a second humongous thank you for showing those incredible AFM images right at the start of the video instead of forcing us to watch everything!
    Seriously, my thank you is very, very big and my appreciations are even bigger!! 😊 Not many TH-camrs have this respect for the viewers, but you do. So you have my big congratulations, a very large thank you and so much appreciations! 😁👍

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thanks for the kind words! I was thinking about the video and how to structure it, and figured if I showed the images up front and folks _didn't_ want to see how those were generated, they probably wouldn't have watched the video long anyway. So might as well show them at the beginning so that everyone else could appreciate how cool it was at the beginning :) And I was just too excited to hold it in until the end haha :) Cheers!

    • @TheBauwssss
      @TheBauwssss 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @Stellvia Hoenheim "Clickbait is a text or a thumbnail link that is designed to attract attention and to entice users to follow that link and read, view, or listen to the linked piece of online content, *with a defining characteristic of being deceptive, typically sensationalized or misleading* "
      Source: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickbait

  • @SuperiorDave
    @SuperiorDave 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Awesome channel. Love the videos. I get so excited to watch the videos. I almost want to speed it up so i can watch them and absorb them faster

  • @antisocialatheist1978
    @antisocialatheist1978 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm really grateful I found this channel today. It's always great to find a new interesting channel

  • @XXxxGOOOFYxxXX
    @XXxxGOOOFYxxXX ปีที่แล้ว

    I really appreciate your enthusiasm. This video is super cool and helpful. Thank you.

  • @Michallote
    @Michallote 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I love the TH-cam algorithm, it has lead me to some of the most awesome channels like yours, the summer of maths exposition was awesome. Thought emporium, and some other channel that speaks about Optics. I can't wait to graduate to start doing some experiments in my free time

  • @gaussmanv2
    @gaussmanv2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    There's a bunch of really cool new types of AFMs that also have characterization like the nanoIR from bruker. The same ir peaks seen with an ftir also induce a greater volume change than other wavelengths. The AFM tip detects this change in the surface. You can get 10-20nm characterization resolution and it is very surface sensitive with a penetration of just a few nm. There's also a nano-raman and a nano-ftir.

  • @ryansauder7701
    @ryansauder7701 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Incredible tec, really neat to see. Thanks for sharing!
    I would love to see some of the laser induced graphene you made under the AFM!

  • @petergriffin1141
    @petergriffin1141 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    absolutely loved it !! keep up the good work !!

  • @jersey-dude
    @jersey-dude 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Your enthusiasm makes me all that more excited about this device

  • @oni2ink
    @oni2ink 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Your demonstration macro-AFM machine is pretty neat!
    And this nGauge AFM is really impressive, I really want to see some integrated circuits on it.

  • @sshado2
    @sshado2 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for teasing the photos up front. It makes me want to watch the rest!

  • @SuperiorDave
    @SuperiorDave 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Awesome pictures at the start. Thank you

  • @UNVIRUSLETALE
    @UNVIRUSLETALE 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Ok, this is REALLY cool, keep up with those amazing videos!

  • @chrisreichelt7202
    @chrisreichelt7202 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Super cool! Im imagining all the things I could scan.

  • @lukasausen
    @lukasausen 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Love your channel im binge watching every video!

  • @ivanvoid4910
    @ivanvoid4910 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    best science and filming skills on utube combined for sure!

  • @epotis
    @epotis 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Fantastic video. Love the experimental soundtrack.

  • @TriunfoGim
    @TriunfoGim ปีที่แล้ว

    Congrats to you and to ICSPI because both have done a good deal. I think the two of you should be pretty happy

  • @squelchstuff
    @squelchstuff 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Fantastic exposition Zach. Congratulations on the deal you made with ICSP too, and thanks to them for making this possible. The axiom goes "Never read the comments" but your channel amongst a few others is an exception to the rule. I think I've spent more time enjoying the comments and thinking about what you've presented than the video actually lasted. I do hope to see more AFM microscopy, and perhaps a home brew setup too.

    • @BreakingTaps
      @BreakingTaps  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Agreed! I've learned a ton from folks that watch these videos, really happy the little community of folks that drop by to comment. So pleasant and knowledgeable! :)

  • @gokdude
    @gokdude 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    First video I've seen of yours, and I subbed. 👍

  • @clfung2008
    @clfung2008 ปีที่แล้ว

    Cool thing ! This kind of microscopic equipment may become very popular and easy to get in the future ! Thanks for sharing and this is really interesting !

  • @1.4142
    @1.4142 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    This topic is so really covered on youtube. subbed

  • @rexrodecolt
    @rexrodecolt 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wow this is really cool of you to do, thank you! Very Interesting! Seriously!!

  • @HimanXK
    @HimanXK 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    This is one of the best explanations of AFM I've seen

  • @alphalunamare
    @alphalunamare 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Absolutely refreshingly fantastic!

  • @DarkRedHorse
    @DarkRedHorse ปีที่แล้ว

    I don't comment on many videos, but man...this is seriously one of the coolest and most "I want to make this" videos I have seen in a long time. Thanks!

  • @stim3on
    @stim3on 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wow what an awesome piece of technology! First time I heard of Atomic Force Microscopy. I'm looking forward to your future images with this setup!
    One thing that would be really awesome, is to explore the 3D models from your scans myself, in an online 3D model viewer like Sketchfab for example.
    While its really nice to see them rendered as you have shown, having the ability to look at it from every angle you want is way more intuitive for me.
    It would be great if you can make that happen!

  • @edwardarruda7215
    @edwardarruda7215 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Used one in university physical chemistry lab experiments at Rutgers about 20 years ago. The one I used was on a heavy anti vibration table and it used a piezoelectric stage.

  • @connerphillips1228
    @connerphillips1228 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great video mate! I really love the macro AFM. I would love to have one of those for lab tours but I have too many other hobbies 😅. Subbed!

  • @gmeast
    @gmeast 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm used to dealing with the likes of rocket motor turbo-pumps, but I must say, your presentation, here, is most satisfying in the realization that the world of macro vs. the world of micro share the same 'data' challenges ... I.O.W. ..."Parts are Parts". Thanks ... I've subscribed.

  • @jackking5567
    @jackking5567 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is one of those things that I'd thought about that it could possibility be done and yet here we are not only has it been done but it's also a mass produced product with full support that does it very well and quickly. That in itself blows my mind never mind the small scale of scanning it can do.

  • @bur1t0
    @bur1t0 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Truly amazing. Not even at 30k subscribers and already I've seen people refer to this channel in the same sentence as Tech Ingredients, Thought Emporium, and Applied Science. I salute you!

  • @SonyFoLife
    @SonyFoLife 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wow. Love this. Immediately subscribing! TH-cam algorithm got me figured out by now

  • @1.618_Murphy
    @1.618_Murphy 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    You, my friend, is frickin underrated! And this is driving me nuts! 😭😭

  • @outofcontext728
    @outofcontext728 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wow I got this in my recommended and I'm not disappointed this is amazing

  • @gusgrau3594
    @gusgrau3594 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for showing results right off the bat.
    Subbing for that. It definitely made me want to watch the rest of the video.
    Compared to others I just skip around looking.
    ( Of course for the interesting content too.)
    Wish I could give some better critiques. But you’re really on point my guy

  • @sinephase
    @sinephase 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome and congrats on the gig! :D

  • @jfcrow1
    @jfcrow1 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Amazing Technology. Interested in seeing the series.

  • @agargamer6759
    @agargamer6759 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    What a cool demo as well!

  • @Skwisgar2322
    @Skwisgar2322 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I was lucky enough to get to use one of these in my studies. Very cool stuff, we were able to see single atom thick features in graphite.

  • @KetilDuna
    @KetilDuna 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Contagiuos excitement. Thank you for sharing!

  • @dcozombieloverr7115
    @dcozombieloverr7115 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    subbed, liked, etc. i respect you putting the results at the beginning of the video.

  • @6ixpool520
    @6ixpool520 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    This channel is fantastic man, just be patient and keep at it! Exponential growth rates look linear at first, you'll be at a million subs in no time!

  • @VincentGroenewold
    @VincentGroenewold 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    So amazing, how come you're not at at least 100K yet? I am very impressed that little device is precise enough to do this, you'd expect way more mass in the system to make it stable.

  • @PatrickRatman
    @PatrickRatman ปีที่แล้ว

    honestly you having showed the results at the start of the video encouraged me to watch the rest of the video. most of the time i find it patronizing that i have to skip to the end to see the results.

  • @tituscassiusseverus6303
    @tituscassiusseverus6303 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I so need one of these, I have absolutely no idea why, but it's sooo damn cool!

  • @christiankrueger8048
    @christiankrueger8048 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you!

  • @rickharriss
    @rickharriss 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I once worked for a company that produced negatives for the IC industry. The plotter which use a light beam to expose a flat film had a requirement to be able to plot a point, move 10 mm away and return to that point +/- 1.5 microns in all directions. The manual said adjust until this is achieved. It often took a long time as part of the adjustment was mechanical and adjusting a mechanical component is a matter of luck and trial and error. Fun though.

  • @tobuslieven
    @tobuslieven 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    They need to send one of these things to Applied Science, This Old Tony and Clickspring too. You guys are marketing gold dust. Well done for getting hold of one. Great video.

    • @tobuslieven
      @tobuslieven 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @Stellvia Hoenheim Don't shit your pants man.

  • @roberthoople
    @roberthoople 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is so cool, and I think you can see your voice in the line profile graph when you were talking during the scan.

  • @wmhilton-old
    @wmhilton-old 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is ABSOLUTELY FREAKING COOL!!!