This is exactly the level of explanation I want when describing subjects, like this. Everybody should have a functional level understanding of these things, before handling them, but when one has a few hours of college level chemistry, and wonders what's really going on, one doesn't want the kiddie explanation.
I also agree, Goob has a knack for education. There were nice explanations on various levels and this is a sweet spot for popular science approach in my opinion. Not being afraid of providing actually quite a lot of in-depth knowledge without reverting to insane expert jargon. At the same time not offering a reaaaally dumbed down version that leaves someone like me with some (quite basic) college chemistry starving for something a little more substantial than just "this is a liquid that turns hard and grabs two things and keeps them together". Keep it going man! And also the baking soda trick is really useful and I'd like to see it a little more often in miniature building context. I've quite often seen it in fishing lure building that I also dabble in. You can actually fill very big gaps quite easily and it's also quite easy to work with (like sanding etc).
Hi there, I am a chemist, not specialised. I am writing this note to let you know that I am enjoying your videos and your explanations as well. To me, you are not only a scientist but also an ethical model of what a scientist should be as of your down to earth and humbleness. Thanks for being around to educate us. Best Regards, shuhail
I learned more than I wanted to, Goobertown! I learned that, if I don't have enough background in a topic, I can't understand it, even if I really want to understand, even if it's well explained.
I think the issues lies within the fact that there are several real scientifically accurate learning tools on the internet but ppl either find the opposite or give up learning cause they believe is too difficult.
You're not alone on the internet,, people have varying degrees of knowledge about subjects, and some don't even speak English, maybe easy to digest content is not your cup of tea personally but you shouldn't insult or try to discourage people from making what ever content they want. Stay in your lane.
I dropped out of college (to be fair it was just for a quicker route to being a software engineer) but even at my limited understanding of chemistry I really enjoy this level of explanation. You answered my question at the beginning and then gave me an actual explanation that went further than my original curiosity. The fluffy explanations always leave me with at least one excruciatingly frustrating “but WHY” and this didn’t. Thanks dude 🙌🏼
Organic chemistry was the bane of my existence in college...and then after surviving the class, I finally started to find it fascinating. Great explanation!
I am sick of channels that don't actually explain what's actually going on and just give a weak high level answer they themselves barley understand, so glad you went into detail.
I'm a PhD student in organic chemistry and this video was awesome and well researched! You may have made this a niche video but I am gladly part of that niche
What a brilliant explanation of the polymerisation process, along with showing that MSDS sheets let us know otherwise mysterious ingredients of commercial products. The cats are an extra bonus. Thanks for your work.
You did a terrific job of explaining the science!! When you mentioned you are an organic chemist it all made sense. This was better than many lectures I attended 😃 You have a talent for teaching! Thanks again.
@@GoobertownHobbies I'm sure it IS too boring for most folks... but there's always a few of us that dig this stuff. We happy few, we band of brothers...
I am taking organic chemistry right now and we are covering alkene reactions and this is a really cool example of what I'm learning in school applying to the real world. Thanks for the video!
It's great to see these topics discussed from a chemistry standpoint- thank you! I don't see one on the chemistry of silicones, such as RTV; I think that would be a great addition to your videos.
@@GoobertownHobbiesDo you teach classes on chemistry? I'm very interested in this topic. I'm familiar with very basic measurements and performing conversions. Can you give some advice for someone struggling to learn? Please keep in mind I don't have study material or any sort of facility to perform any sort of experiment. Recently I'm studying how to cut glass bottles with drastic temperature change..😅 not exactly chemistry, but at the least , peaks my interest.
Agree with other comments, this is a perfect explanation contrary to other 5 minute glossing summaries that are literally saying "it's complex" but with ads. Also I love that you did not explain every single little detail on the diagrams etc. Your audience wants to learn, this is standard stuff, you named it, we can pause and google on the fly if it's interesting. This is perfect material for both random people only knowing elementary grade chemistry and not boring to others who are familiar with fundamentals.
As a chemist, just picking up the hobby, I am so grateful for your time and effort in making these videos. The one on pigment was also amazing. Thank you for doing these, and any other dives into the chemistry of the hobby are way appreciated.
As an interesting aside: Super Glue, like many awesome inventions, was created by accident. In the second world war, specifically 1942, the allies were trying to develop a cost effective alternative to glass for use in gun sights. During attempts to produce such a material, they accidentally created what we now call super-glue. Believe it or not, the trial was considered an abject failure, and it wasn't until several years after war ended that anyone else realized cyanoacrylate had potential commercial appeal. This awesome little glue was nearly never known to the world because it didn't make good gun sights. On another aside: I loved the vid, as I'm an amateur chemistry buff.
I was in chemistry for many years. One of my professors worked at Kodak and told me they used a version for battlefield sutures in Vietnam - blood loss was an issue while transporting casualties. The cyanoacrylate was said to have saved many lives.
Nylon as well, the Department of Navy was looking for an alternative to gunpowder. Ethene and other gasses were put in a sealed gun barrel at high pressure. They were hoping for an explosion, instead they got a white runny liquid.
I had good high school chemistry beyond personal reading more, but thus totally explains my just trusting ignorance of these glues and explains why they say to moisten either sides of a surface you are applying the glue to bond. Also WIN-WIN It's KITTEHS at the end!
I’m a year into my Biochemistry B.S. degree and this was such a great level of detail. Thank you! Now I can binge your videos and stay on track with my understanding of chemistry.
You sir, have just fixed the largest hole in my chemistry knowledge. School literally never explained how or why chemicals actually start reacting when they are already stable enough to exist happily. But of course parts of the molecule will be charged differently, even though they are bonded internally. And that’s why catalysts are so often important to spark the reaction but not in the final product. They interrupt the standard form of the molecule with an alternative arrangement, ionising part of the molecule, which then looks elsewhere for a bond. It makes so much sense now!
I'm glad I could help! The majority of chemical reactions follow that nucleophile/electrophile model where a pair of reactive electrons find a better place to be to start off the reaction. Another mechanism I might talk about someday is radical polymerization which involves the movement of single electrons. Those UV curing resins might be a good opportunity to bring that up on the channel!
Thank you so much for this explanation! As someone taking hoping to study chemistry at university this was a much more satisfying answer than the other answers I'd found online that talked vaguely about "chemical bonds". Maybe this makes me a nerd but I had a lot of fun watching this video :)
Thank you for presenting this in a high level! As a scientist I really like consuming decently advanced science in fields I don’t work in for fun. Glad k stumbled across your channel!
I'm an ER doc with an MS in chemistry (long story, took me a while to get into med school), and I really enjoyed the video. The level of detail was perfect. Much appreciated
Your officially my favorite hobbyists TH-camr, I enjoy your videos very much. You do the best explanations and answer questions that I ask my self a lot lol. Keep up the amazing content :^D
A whole series on how, when, and why, glues and adhesives work (and solvents, too) would be most helpful to all us dabblers. Thanks for a great presentation. You might ever wander into the adhesive properties of mortars, stuccos and plaster.
Man I love this series! I am a graduate physics student and for me this level is well understandable but not trivial at all. Your explanations really are top notch, well presented and I am learning loads! Thank you so much!
I love these technical videos. This one is probably my most favorite one. I have been using super glues for over 30 years and I never knew how they actually worked. Thank you and please do more of these!
Im a pharmacist and use the trick with carbonate salts all the time, it works even better if you make a slurry with a bit of water to encourage hydroxide ion formation! Really well explained yet providing the necessary chemical detail! I enjoyed watching it!
It’s been a while since I took organic chemistry, but the figures take me back. Good presentation skills - you sound like someone with teaching experience.
I can't tell you how meaningful it was for me today to hear "It is my earnest hope that you learned more than you really wanted to today." Thank you, Brent
I have permanent ca finger prints! I’d like to add as a lifelong hobbyist and as a mechanic I found your presentation very informative and entertaining! I’d developed a few tricks over the years particularly with filling powder and even experimenting with different fibres for different structures,the in depth chemistry is over my head but is a reminder that the only reason for boredom is lack of knowledge so I’ll probably have to watch it a few times to soak in
I really appreciate the scientific approach, even though I couldn't really follow this one (regretfully, I never took chemistry). I really feel like understanding the tools and materials of the hobby help me achieve better mini-painting outcomes. Thank you!! One topic I'd like to see covered is which glue (plastic glue, super glue) to use, or not use, on which kinds of models (plastic, bones, resin, etc.) and why. Another topic I'd like to see is the interactions of acrylic paint with different types of mediums. For example, what's the difference between thinner, glaze, slo-dri, retarder mediums, and when best to use each of them to get various mini-painting effects.
Hey Dan! I'd love to dive into thinners and mediums. I just need to find the right documentation to dig into- the fact that these tend to be mostly non toxic means they aren't listed in Material Safety DataSheets- I've gotta find another way to figure this stuff out. We have so many chemicals on our hobby desks, it'd be great to know what more of them actually are :-)
@@GoobertownHobbies Hey Brent, I know I am a bit late to the party on this one, but have you actually found something or maybe just asked a manufacturer nicely?
Wow, that's a good thorough explanation that even someone like myself, with only basic understanding of chemistry, can understand reasonably well. And all these years I thought this glue hardened by evaporation of a solvent like acetone.
I haven't done chemistry since high school, but it was always one of my best subjects there. This was a genuinely interesting lecture, which I followed well (though when you mentioned a can of worms I got a glimpse of a bit of chemistry I hadn't seen before). I suggest you do an episode on two part epoxy resins and UV reactive resins, I see a lot of modellers using those in their projects.
Hey thanks for watchin! Here's a 2-part epoxy video, th-cam.com/video/oi3YEWbtszY/w-d-xo.html and here's a video about 3d printing resin (which is uv resin) th-cam.com/video/ht4tbCiFxeM/w-d-xo.html enjoy!!
Never had any chemistry past primary school, so it's great to see some of the more arcane workings demonstrated with a product I know well! Thanks Brent, that was a really enlightening video!
Chemistry in primery school??? I did A-level(GCE) chemistry, where this kind of science is taught, the 1st thing we were told is everything we'd been taught in the GCSE course was useless and we could forget it, as we would never need it again. It was teaching the basics of science, and how to research, the useful stuff started at A-level, and research at uni after.
Way back in 1975, right out of college, my best friend and I did extensive research into the manufacture of ethyl cyanoacrylate. We developed three patentable improvements to the manufacturing process that significantly increased the percent yield, solved the problem of polymerization in the vacuum pumps (the final product has to be vacuum distilled), and reduced the temperature at which the reaction occurred. That means manufacturing costs could be greatly reduced resulting in higher profits. None of the manufacturers at the time were interested in our process, and we did not patent it, so the secret will go to the grave with us. 😀 Wayne Y. Adams B.S. Chemistry M.S. Physics
It's been over 40 years since my high school chemistry classes, but I kinda mostly remembered terms like covalent.🤣 My biggest memory of that class was the teacher talking about how why molecules can't move through each other, and demonstrating it by suddenly turning around and whipping the eraser against the chalkboard. That certainly woke everyone up!
Wow taht is so amazingly and totally not remotely interesting. You think people came here hoping to find out how long its been since Jim was in high school and what your biggest memory of it was?
As a retired crime scene investigator, I often used CA to develop fingerprints on smaller items. Now I understand why the development enclosure contained a device that was designed to slightly raise the internal humidity. Awesome!
I am a biochemist and hobbyist (e.g. super nerd). I appreciate the fact that you explained this in an approachable and yet technical way. Excellent job. Also, I saw no errors, just throwing that out.
I second this request. I need to fix an old window pane that's full of cracks. I've attempted it 2 times and nothing works. 1st time I filled in the cracks with wall plaster and painted over. 2nd time I filled in cracks with silicone and painted over. Both times the paint then filler pop off -- I guess it's the winter/summer contraction. For the next time I want to use an epoxy resin or a glue. Which would adhere better to old wood? I've also heard of a speedy wood petrifier. Dunno.
It is so rare to have my brain tingled by explanations of how things work. You explained it very well, at least I think you did from my lay-person's level of knowledge. Excellent.
Yeah came here to say this, will just agree instead. Have been loving the variety and intelligence you employ for such a simple hobby's how-to videos. Also... and I'm sorry... but... NERD!
Great video, I love rewatching this every couple years or so, also your video on 3D printer resin and monomers. Bittrex: to make you not drink it. Fragrance: to make you want to drink it. (super glue accelerator ingredients at 8:12)
Great idea for a video series. I'd love to see green stuff examined in this level of detail. And one specific question I have is why temperature alters curing rate.
Green stuff is definitely on my list! I've never paid much attention to cure rate when I work with green stuff, but if it cures faster at higher temperature (faster when warm yes?) then I have a good explanation for it! :-)
Most chemical reactions (which includes the polymerisation of CA's) are accelerated with heat. CA's also generate a lot of heat when curing. You can see this occurring by spilling some on a cotton cloth, you will see steam coming from the cloth - hence the reason cotton gloves are not recommended when working with CA's. You risk a serious burn when this happens.
Yeah, this was the perfect amount of detailed understanding i want! Not just practical advice like "acetone can break super glue" but WHY it breaks it. Must admit it is pretty advanced for me with my limited knowledge of chemistry, and i already had to watch it twice, and will probably again in the future XD but you did a really good job explaining it in a calm and clear manner with helpful visualizations! So now i look forward to watching more of your videos and expand this understanding! :D
I admit that I had to delve into my (mostly) unused college level general chemistry courses to understand the finer points of this video, but this was easily one of the single most calming and easy to follow video I have ever seen produced on a topic concerning in depth chemistry. Fantastic video mate and thank you so much for the hard work and dedication! :D
That's awesome to hear! I was really curious/ nervous about whether there would be any interest in videos at this level. It's great to know that you're getting a little use out of your old college courses! :-)
It was invented in Kingsport, TN at Eastman Kodak by accident . Used to be called Eastman 910. The chemist that discovered it came to our chemistry class in 10th grade and told us all about it. He passed away a few yrs ago. Lots of stuff we use (d) is from there. World HQ of Eastman Chemical now.
As a Dentist I had my fair share of chemistry in my studies and I feared every test and exam! But this also prepared me for your exelent explanation of the chemistry of super glue. I enjoyd it and thank you for the good work.
Hmmm, dare I ask - had a dentist describe glue he was using as 'basically super glue' ... - "little knowledge being a dangerous thing" I've since used super glue for "DIY temporary dental repairs" (supposing moisture basically turned it to plastic ?) ... though the chemistry sounds more involved. On the plus side, farts come out as bubble wrap ! B-)
@@solarnaut Not as a dentist but as an oral surgeon. Super glue is the same chemical used in tissue glues used in surgery. But we do have chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology lectures, courses and written and oral exams in our university education. I could not have explained the chemical reaction but I could follow the very instructional and clear explanation.
I always look up stuff like “how does X work” and I hate getting answers like “yeah it’s glue you stick things together or whatever”. This is a much better explanation and I love it!
What do the polymer chains look like after a debonder is used? Do the carbon chains return to a double bond? Does the debonder cause other parts of the chain to bond differently?
Good question! The debonder is just dimethylformamide (DMF) which acts as a solvent. None of the bonds in the polymer are broken, whole polymer chains get dissolved into the DMF liquid. It actually takes quite a lot to break a C-C bond, those stay right where they are!
Hey Brent, quick question long afterwards: Do you know if it's true that superglue accelerator makes the bond weaker? It's a common assumption among hobbyists and i don't know if it's true or not
I like this guy he's thorough and inclusive without getting mired in the muck of a bottomless rabbit hole and much more informative than most when it comes to what's relevant while at the same time not talking over your head or talking down to you in a condescending (which is extremely important for those of us who didn't go to high school) the "Goldilocks Explanation" just right. You have a new subscriber Thanks for the great video
That was well presented and understandable for someone with a chemistry background. I always wondered what exactly caused the polymerization of super glue and how the accelerator worked. Thanks.
This is exactly the level of explanation I want when describing subjects, like this. Everybody should have a functional level understanding of these things, before handling them, but when one has a few hours of college level chemistry, and wonders what's really going on, one doesn't want the kiddie explanation.
G'day, I hear all the words. I need the kiddie version
Ditto, perfect level for me. We in-betweeners are out here! The usual level of explanations always left me hanging with a "Wait, but why?!"
I also agree, Goob has a knack for education. There were nice explanations on various levels and this is a sweet spot for popular science approach in my opinion. Not being afraid of providing actually quite a lot of in-depth knowledge without reverting to insane expert jargon. At the same time not offering a reaaaally dumbed down version that leaves someone like me with some (quite basic) college chemistry starving for something a little more substantial than just "this is a liquid that turns hard and grabs two things and keeps them together". Keep it going man!
And also the baking soda trick is really useful and I'd like to see it a little more often in miniature building context. I've quite often seen it in fishing lure building that I also dabble in. You can actually fill very big gaps quite easily and it's also quite easy to work with (like sanding etc).
I'm happy I'm at the level that I already understand all the chemistry of these reactions.
I feel the same way about politics! grrrrr
Hi there, I am a chemist, not specialised. I am writing this note to let you know that I am enjoying your videos and your explanations as well. To me, you are not only a scientist but also an ethical model of what a scientist should be as of your down to earth and humbleness. Thanks for being around to educate us. Best Regards,
shuhail
Thank you for REALLY explaining, and NOT making it "fluffy" and "easy to digest"! TH-cam needs more people like you!
I learned more than I wanted to, Goobertown! I learned that, if I don't have enough background in a topic, I can't understand it, even if I really want to understand, even if it's well explained.
Agreed, I especially liked the reaction mechanism part.
^
I think the issues lies within the fact that there are several real scientifically accurate learning tools on the internet but ppl either find the opposite or give up learning cause they believe is too difficult.
You're not alone on the internet,, people have varying degrees of knowledge about subjects, and some don't even speak English, maybe easy to digest content is not your cup of tea personally but you shouldn't insult or try to discourage people from making what ever content they want.
Stay in your lane.
I took organic chemistry 45 years ago, and I've forgotten most, but your concise explanation brought it all back! Thanks.
hehehe, it was lurking in your brain the whole time!! :-)
LoL. Same here ( well 30 yrs) electron movement in organic chemistry used to give me the screamin heebie-jeebies at Uni.
ALL of it? ;-)😊
@@Zerpersande
And for me over 50 for undergrad and slightly under for my grad work.
Man my class was only 40 years ago, I still forgot most of it.
"My earnest hope that you learned more than you really wanted to today."
Nice, I like that.
Yup! Gotta balance out the fun videos with the useful videos :-)
Stealing this for my classroom.
So we can expect to see the use/function of additives of our hobby. Looking at you metal mediums ????? Cool video .
I dropped out of college (to be fair it was just for a quicker route to being a software engineer) but even at my limited understanding of chemistry I really enjoy this level of explanation. You answered my question at the beginning and then gave me an actual explanation that went further than my original curiosity. The fluffy explanations always leave me with at least one excruciatingly frustrating “but WHY” and this didn’t. Thanks dude 🙌🏼
Organic chemistry was the bane of my existence in college...and then after surviving the class, I finally started to find it fascinating. Great explanation!
I know what you mean! I'm glad you liked the topic :-)
I think that is common for most chemistry scientists xp
likewise.
Organic Medicinal Chemistry was my favorite class. PharmD.
Funny how that works...
I am sick of channels that don't actually explain what's actually going on and just give a weak high level answer they themselves barley understand, so glad you went into detail.
it's a magical chemical reaction that makes it sticky.
I'm a PhD student in organic chemistry and this video was awesome and well researched! You may have made this a niche video but I am gladly part of that niche
What a brilliant explanation of the polymerisation process, along with showing that MSDS sheets let us know otherwise mysterious ingredients of commercial products. The cats are an extra bonus. Thanks for your work.
Nifty! Green stuff next? I know it's resin of some sort but unsure of the differences between that and like miliput.
Oh yes, absolutely green stuff is high on the list- thanks for the vote! :-)
@@GoobertownHobbies I would like to know that too, Milliput and Green Stuff too.
Having people rise to the information rather than dumbing it down really does a better job informing people anyway
You did a terrific job of explaining the science!! When you mentioned you are an organic chemist it all made sense. This was better than many lectures I attended 😃
You have a talent for teaching! Thanks again.
Hey thanks! I'm glad you liked it- I was worried this would be too boring for most folks :-)
@@GoobertownHobbies I'm sure it IS too boring for most folks... but there's always a few of us that dig this stuff. We happy few, we band of brothers...
I am taking organic chemistry right now and we are covering alkene reactions and this is a really cool example of what I'm learning in school applying to the real world. Thanks for the video!
It's great to see these topics discussed from a chemistry standpoint- thank you!
I don't see one on the chemistry of silicones, such as RTV; I think that would be a great addition to your videos.
good suggestion, thanks! :-)
@@GoobertownHobbiesDo you teach classes on chemistry? I'm very interested in this topic. I'm familiar with very basic measurements and performing conversions.
Can you give some advice for someone struggling to learn? Please keep in mind I don't have study material or any sort of facility to perform any sort of experiment.
Recently I'm studying how to cut glass bottles with drastic temperature change..😅
not exactly chemistry, but at the least , peaks my interest.
Agree with other comments, this is a perfect explanation contrary to other 5 minute glossing summaries that are literally saying "it's complex" but with ads.
Also I love that you did not explain every single little detail on the diagrams etc. Your audience wants to learn, this is standard stuff, you named it, we can pause and google on the fly if it's interesting. This is perfect material for both random people only knowing elementary grade chemistry and not boring to others who are familiar with fundamentals.
As a chemist, just picking up the hobby, I am so grateful for your time and effort in making these videos. The one on pigment was also amazing. Thank you for doing these, and any other dives into the chemistry of the hobby are way appreciated.
I like the calm, slow explanation without info overload. Keep it up.
As an interesting aside: Super Glue, like many awesome inventions, was created by accident. In the second world war, specifically 1942, the allies were trying to develop a cost effective alternative to glass for use in gun sights. During attempts to produce such a material, they accidentally created what we now call super-glue.
Believe it or not, the trial was considered an abject failure, and it wasn't until several years after war ended that anyone else realized cyanoacrylate had potential commercial appeal.
This awesome little glue was nearly never known to the world because it didn't make good gun sights.
On another aside: I loved the vid, as I'm an amateur chemistry buff.
I forgot about that! Yeah lots of useful polymers were developed in the mid 20th century, polycyanoacrylate was just useful in a different way :-)
I was in chemistry for many years. One of my professors worked at Kodak and told me they used a version for battlefield sutures in Vietnam - blood loss was an issue while transporting casualties. The cyanoacrylate was said to have saved many lives.
@@CarlosRodriguez-dd4sb Cool! Yeah the medical field has actually developed several cyanoacrylate, it's useful stuff!
Nylon as well, the Department of Navy was looking for an alternative to gunpowder. Ethene and other gasses were put in a sealed gun barrel at high pressure. They were hoping for an explosion, instead they got a white runny liquid.
And poor old Harry had to reinvent it again 10 years later at Kodak Eastman for Jet Canopies, thank's Harry my fingers are stuck....
I had good high school chemistry beyond personal reading more, but thus totally explains my just trusting ignorance of these glues and explains why they say to moisten either sides of a surface you are applying the glue to bond. Also WIN-WIN It's KITTEHS at the end!
Weird flex...........jk, this was great! I only understood %10 of it but that’s ok because I enjoyed %100 of it!
Heh, thanks Jeremy! Videos like this were supposed to be a major part of this channel, but I keep getting distracted by painting minis... :-)
My vote for next science break down is the two resins from Jeremy's newest video! No joke!!👌👌
@@beeezlebub those are DEFINITELY on my list- thanks for the input! :-)
👏👏👏🤘🤘🤘
same with me, but we need experts like him. He's invaluable.
I'm a chemical engeneering student and this just scratched my "in depth chemistry youtube content" itch
I'm a chem major almost done with organic 1, and this video feels like it was made for me. Nice happy medium between scishow and research papers
Great Goobertown, thank you for the in depth discussion. It's more than I need, but I want this to be available to the public.
more science vids plz
ok!
This kind of explanatory video makes me SO grateful for TH-cam and the creators like you!
This is great. I'm glad my high school organic chemistry is still coming in useful. Very easy to understand, I think you pitched it just right.
I’m a year into my Biochemistry B.S. degree and this was such a great level of detail. Thank you! Now I can binge your videos and stay on track with my understanding of chemistry.
Nice! traditionally Organic Chemistry comes in sophomore year, have fun!!! :-)
You sir, have just fixed the largest hole in my chemistry knowledge.
School literally never explained how or why chemicals actually start reacting when they are already stable enough to exist happily.
But of course parts of the molecule will be charged differently, even though they are bonded internally. And that’s why catalysts are so often important to spark the reaction but not in the final product.
They interrupt the standard form of the molecule with an alternative arrangement, ionising part of the molecule, which then looks elsewhere for a bond.
It makes so much sense now!
I'm glad I could help! The majority of chemical reactions follow that nucleophile/electrophile model where a pair of reactive electrons find a better place to be to start off the reaction. Another mechanism I might talk about someday is radical polymerization which involves the movement of single electrons. Those UV curing resins might be a good opportunity to bring that up on the channel!
Perfect match of content, context, deep science, and human interest. Science in action at its best! Thanks.
Thank you so much for this explanation! As someone taking hoping to study chemistry at university this was a much more satisfying answer than the other answers I'd found online that talked vaguely about "chemical bonds". Maybe this makes me a nerd but I had a lot of fun watching this video :)
Nice! yeah that was how I felt about the pre-existing videos on this topic too :-)
I'm a fellow nerd, proud of it, and as such also found this video informative.
Outstanding! As a retired engineer and physician, I still view organic chemistry as pure black magic. Thanks for the behind the scenes dissection!
Thank you for presenting this in a high level! As a scientist I really like consuming decently advanced science in fields I don’t work in for fun. Glad k stumbled across your channel!
I'm an ER doc with an MS in chemistry (long story, took me a while to get into med school), and I really enjoyed the video. The level of detail was perfect. Much appreciated
Your officially my favorite hobbyists TH-camr, I enjoy your videos very much. You do the best explanations and answer questions that I ask my self a lot lol. Keep up the amazing content :^D
That's awesome to hear! I'll keep making stuff like this :-)
Your hardcore approach is a refreshing change to all the fluffy instructional videos out there.
Thanks.
A whole series on how, when, and why, glues and adhesives work (and solvents, too) would be most helpful to all us dabblers.
Thanks for a great presentation.
You might ever wander into the adhesive properties of mortars, stuccos and plaster.
Agreed, but he does already have a few under the "Hobby Science" playlist on his profile.
Thanks for making my TH-cam recommended video feed actually life improving.
Man I love this series!
I am a graduate physics student and for me this level is well understandable but not trivial at all.
Your explanations really are top notch, well presented and I am learning loads! Thank you so much!
Nice! glad you learned something :-)
Cudos from Physics PhD. Always wanted to know how CA actually works. This level of details is spot on .
I love these technical videos. This one is probably my most favorite one. I have been using super glues for over 30 years and I never knew how they actually worked. Thank you and please do more of these!
Nice video! As a Chem PhD grad who now works for an adhesives company I appreciated the approach.
It's like being back in technical school. I zoned out exactly like I did back then, but the acceleration/debonder is good to know, thanks Brent.
Ahhh, memories :-)
Im a pharmacist and use the trick with carbonate salts all the time, it works even better if you make a slurry with a bit of water to encourage hydroxide ion formation! Really well explained yet providing the necessary chemical detail! I enjoyed watching it!
It’s been a while since I took organic chemistry, but the figures take me back. Good presentation skills - you sound like someone with teaching experience.
Ahh, memories. Yeah I taught for a little while after grad school. Sometimes I still get the urge to draw an electron pushing mechanism :-)
I can't tell you how meaningful it was for me today to hear "It is my earnest hope that you learned more than you really wanted to today."
Thank you, Brent
I have permanent ca finger prints! I’d like to add as a lifelong hobbyist and as a mechanic I found your presentation very informative and entertaining! I’d developed a few tricks over the years particularly with filling powder and even experimenting with different fibres for different structures,the in depth chemistry is over my head but is a reminder that the only reason for boredom is lack of knowledge so I’ll probably have to watch it a few times to soak in
I like this. As a chemist myself this material is well explained and accessible to a larger audience.
I really appreciate the scientific approach, even though I couldn't really follow this one (regretfully, I never took chemistry). I really feel like understanding the tools and materials of the hobby help me achieve better mini-painting outcomes. Thank you!!
One topic I'd like to see covered is which glue (plastic glue, super glue) to use, or not use, on which kinds of models (plastic, bones, resin, etc.) and why.
Another topic I'd like to see is the interactions of acrylic paint with different types of mediums. For example, what's the difference between thinner, glaze, slo-dri, retarder mediums, and when best to use each of them to get various mini-painting effects.
Hey Dan! I'd love to dive into thinners and mediums. I just need to find the right documentation to dig into- the fact that these tend to be mostly non toxic means they aren't listed in Material Safety DataSheets- I've gotta find another way to figure this stuff out. We have so many chemicals on our hobby desks, it'd be great to know what more of them actually are :-)
@@GoobertownHobbies Hey Brent, I know I am a bit late to the party on this one, but have you actually found something or maybe just asked a manufacturer nicely?
Wow, that's a good thorough explanation that even someone like myself, with only basic understanding of chemistry, can understand reasonably well. And all these years I thought this glue hardened by evaporation of a solvent like acetone.
Lots of glues DO work by evaporation, but not CA! :-)
I haven't done chemistry since high school, but it was always one of my best subjects there. This was a genuinely interesting lecture, which I followed well (though when you mentioned a can of worms I got a glimpse of a bit of chemistry I hadn't seen before).
I suggest you do an episode on two part epoxy resins and UV reactive resins, I see a lot of modellers using those in their projects.
Hey thanks for watchin! Here's a 2-part epoxy video, th-cam.com/video/oi3YEWbtszY/w-d-xo.html and here's a video about 3d printing resin (which is uv resin) th-cam.com/video/ht4tbCiFxeM/w-d-xo.html enjoy!!
Please accept yourself and don’t apologize for a beautifully in-depth explanation
Never had any chemistry past primary school, so it's great to see some of the more arcane workings demonstrated with a product I know well! Thanks Brent, that was a really enlightening video!
Chemistry in primery school??? I did A-level(GCE) chemistry, where this kind of science is taught, the 1st thing we were told is everything we'd been taught in the GCSE course was useless and we could forget it, as we would never need it again. It was teaching the basics of science, and how to research, the useful stuff started at A-level, and research at uni after.
Way back in 1975, right out of college, my best friend and I did extensive research into the manufacture of ethyl cyanoacrylate. We developed three patentable improvements to the manufacturing process that significantly increased the percent yield, solved the problem of polymerization in the vacuum pumps (the final product has to be vacuum distilled), and reduced the temperature at which the reaction occurred. That means manufacturing costs could be greatly reduced resulting in higher profits.
None of the manufacturers at the time were interested in our process, and we did not patent it, so the secret will go to the grave with us. 😀
Wayne Y. Adams
B.S. Chemistry
M.S. Physics
too bad there isn't a journal that will publish it
@@bandittwothree3765 No way we would publish it and let manufacturers use it for free. Like I said, the secret dies with us. LOL
It's been over 40 years since my high school chemistry classes, but I kinda mostly remembered terms like covalent.🤣 My biggest memory of that class was the teacher talking about how why molecules can't move through each other, and demonstrating it by suddenly turning around and whipping the eraser against the chalkboard. That certainly woke everyone up!
Wow taht is so amazingly and totally not remotely interesting. You think people came here hoping to find out how long its been since Jim was in high school and what your biggest memory of it was?
@@slowery43 I think people are more likely interested in that than in your unsolicited negativity.
As a retired crime scene investigator, I often used CA to develop fingerprints on smaller items. Now I understand why the development enclosure contained a device that was designed to slightly raise the internal humidity. Awesome!
This was great! I love that your cats feature in each bid as well 😁 keep up the good work mate.
Thanks - Will do! :-)
I am a biochemist and hobbyist (e.g. super nerd). I appreciate the fact that you explained this in an approachable and yet technical way. Excellent job.
Also, I saw no errors, just throwing that out.
Plz do one on what are the best glues for different types of model materials connecting to each, wood, metals, plastics?
Good idea, that's going on my list! :-)
I second this request. I need to fix an old window pane that's full of cracks. I've attempted it 2 times and nothing works.
1st time I filled in the cracks with wall plaster and painted over.
2nd time I filled in cracks with silicone and painted over.
Both times the paint then filler pop off -- I guess it's the winter/summer contraction.
For the next time I want to use an epoxy resin or a glue. Which would adhere better to old wood? I've also heard of a speedy wood petrifier. Dunno.
@@SaraVV try this site. It's super useful. www.thistothat.com/
It is so rare to have my brain tingled by explanations of how things work. You explained it very well, at least I think you did from my lay-person's level of knowledge. Excellent.
You know I never thought someone could make this subject interesting, I am happy to be proven wrong.
Excellent!! :-)
Yeah came here to say this, will just agree instead. Have been loving the variety and intelligence you employ for such a simple hobby's how-to videos.
Also... and I'm sorry... but...
NERD!
Great video, I love rewatching this every couple years or so, also your video on 3D printer resin and monomers.
Bittrex: to make you not drink it.
Fragrance: to make you want to drink it.
(super glue accelerator ingredients at 8:12)
Great idea for a video series. I'd love to see green stuff examined in this level of detail. And one specific question I have is why temperature alters curing rate.
i second this
Green stuff is definitely on my list! I've never paid much attention to cure rate when I work with green stuff, but if it cures faster at higher temperature (faster when warm yes?) then I have a good explanation for it! :-)
Most chemical reactions (which includes the polymerisation of CA's) are accelerated with heat. CA's also generate a lot of heat when curing. You can see this occurring by spilling some on a cotton cloth, you will see steam coming from the cloth - hence the reason cotton gloves are not recommended when working with CA's. You risk a serious burn when this happens.
Appreciate the depth. 50 years in the business.... Really enjoyed the video.
Top quality content! I learned something new today.
I'm really glad to hear that! :-)
Wow, why did I resist watching this for weeks when YT kept slamming it into my feed? Awesome video
thanks for watching! It's a 4 year old video, I have no idea why YT started pushing it to everybody recently hahaha
i hated chemistry at school but this was quite infotaining
Hehehe, well thanks for watching, I hope you learned something!! :-)
Well done. I was one of those that enjoyed this part of organic chemistry.
Magic! (fluffy answer). Am going to have to try out that "insta-set" stuff, I hate holding on tell things dry.
Yeah! It's nice for filling gaps too because you don't get the weird bubbling and wandering of the superglue the way you get when it "air dries."
Yeah, this was the perfect amount of detailed understanding i want! Not just practical advice like "acetone can break super glue" but WHY it breaks it. Must admit it is pretty advanced for me with my limited knowledge of chemistry, and i already had to watch it twice, and will probably again in the future XD but you did a really good job explaining it in a calm and clear manner with helpful visualizations! So now i look forward to watching more of your videos and expand this understanding! :D
I admit that I had to delve into my (mostly) unused college level general chemistry courses to understand the finer points of this video, but this was easily one of the single most calming and easy to follow video I have ever seen produced on a topic concerning in depth chemistry. Fantastic video mate and thank you so much for the hard work and dedication! :D
That's awesome to hear! I was really curious/ nervous about whether there would be any interest in videos at this level. It's great to know that you're getting a little use out of your old college courses! :-)
@@GoobertownHobbies All thanks to you! Looking forward to seeing what kind of video appears on your channel next! :D
It was invented in Kingsport, TN at Eastman Kodak by accident . Used to be called Eastman 910.
The chemist that discovered it came to our chemistry class in 10th grade and told us all about it.
He passed away a few yrs ago.
Lots of stuff we use (d) is from there. World HQ of Eastman Chemical now.
All this talk of bondage, Slaanesh would approve!
Looking forward to you covering matt, glaze, retarder, thinner, and crackle mediums.
But of course! :-) Thanks for the suggestion!
Took material science and engineering on college. I absolutely love this series.
As a Dentist I had my fair share of chemistry in my studies and I feared every test and exam! But this also prepared me for your exelent explanation of the chemistry of super glue. I enjoyd it and thank you for the good work.
Hmmm, dare I ask - had a dentist describe glue he was using as 'basically super glue' ... - "little knowledge being a dangerous thing" I've since used super glue for "DIY temporary dental repairs" (supposing moisture basically turned it to plastic ?) ... though the chemistry sounds more involved. On the plus side, farts come out as bubble wrap ! B-)
@@solarnaut Not as a dentist but as an oral surgeon. Super glue is the same chemical used in tissue glues used in surgery. But we do have chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology lectures, courses and written and oral exams in our university education. I could not have explained the chemical reaction but I could follow the very instructional and clear explanation.
Not only does it stick fingers together well, it also attaches thumbs to the button on water fountains!
I remember that from my high school days.
You missed out on the best/worst prank: It will bond an exposed buttock to a toilet seat very well!!!
dude looks like a version of Beavis from Beavis and Butthead, who had never done drugs and had a caring and functioning family
Yooooo, that came out of left field and left me grinning like an idiot 🤣🤣🤣
i’d love to see in-depth videos on more organic chemistry topics!
you explain things so well
This is way over my head.... but dude, you rule.
Hehe, thanks for watching!!
I always look up stuff like “how does X work” and I hate getting answers like “yeah it’s glue you stick things together or whatever”.
This is a much better explanation and I love it!
What do the polymer chains look like after a debonder is used? Do the carbon chains return to a double bond? Does the debonder cause other parts of the chain to bond differently?
Good question! The debonder is just dimethylformamide (DMF) which acts as a solvent. None of the bonds in the polymer are broken, whole polymer chains get dissolved into the DMF liquid. It actually takes quite a lot to break a C-C bond, those stay right where they are!
Great explanation - understanding the chemistry helps knowing how to apply the product
agreed! It's fun (and useful!) to learn about this stuff, thanks for checking out the video! :-)
Hey Brent, quick question long afterwards: Do you know if it's true that superglue accelerator makes the bond weaker? It's a common assumption among hobbyists and i don't know if it's true or not
It seems like the bond might form unevenly.
I like this guy he's thorough and inclusive without getting mired in the muck of a bottomless rabbit hole and much more informative than most when it comes to what's relevant while at the same time not talking over your head or talking down to you in a condescending (which is extremely important for those of us who didn't go to high school) the "Goldilocks Explanation" just right.
You have a new subscriber
Thanks for the great video
“How it works…? You put it on stuff you want to stick together. If you’re so smart why don’t you know that?” - Dude from Idiocracy
I love this video! I understood most of this going in but you rounded my knowledge off on this wonderful product.
What are your cats' names? Cause that orange one looked so smug in the outro!
Gordon is the orange one, Snuffles is the gray one. They each have a couple of different expressions :-)
He was actually giving the glue a cat scan.
Thank you so much for going so deep in this episode. It brought me right back to Organic Chem 1! Loved it!
Super glue removes any space between two objects. It teleports the air and space between into the sun, joining two objects into a perfect fusion.
This is what I wish all videos were like. I don't want to come away asking any further questions, this explains everything.
I thoroughly enjoyed your talk, especially the pictures of the molecules and what they change into.
I really wasn't expecting to truly learn about how polymerization works when I clicked on this video! Awesome content, thanks for it! :D
Thanks a lot! High school and orchanic chemistry was 44 years ago. Lovely how you refreshed my brains!
Was always particularly curious about the interaction between cyanoacrylate and baking soda. Appreciate it.
pretty neat, eh? :-)
No, no dude. This was awesome. I have used CA for decades and always wanted to know what you've taught me today. Thank you so much!
Thanks for the deeper but still accessible explanation.
This is great, definitely appreciate you going through the actual chemistry 👍
That was well presented and understandable for someone with a chemistry background. I always wondered what exactly caused the polymerization of super glue and how the accelerator worked. Thanks.
I love your call pace and tone of voice. What a breath of fresh air in our era of screaming influencers.
Perfect and exact. I appreciate the chemical details... from a former organic chemist.