You know Pete I love your video's it's such a pleasure to sit back relax on a cold Sunday afternoon. In the UK Watching your many videos. Such a shame I'm not a niebour that lives next door to you. Would thoroughly enjoy helping you in your many projects.. Your Son must be very proud to have a father such as yourself doing this with all the countless hours of your time video & editing And the making of things for us strangers all over the world. Helping us learning how to mill and use a lathe. I Know I would be proud to have a father like you. Thanks again Pete. Your such a wonderful guy. My Mrs like listening to You also she's says your voice reminds her of James Stewart. You have a great sole my friend. 👍👍👍👍👍
Very few of us will have the opportunity in our lives to watch a master at work. Detailed drawings and CAD tools have there place but for me there is nothing better then using inherent skill to guide you thru a design. A quick napkin drawing, some math, a few mock ups brings out the real creativity everyone has in them. Go with you gut, trust yourself and you will succeed. We can all learn from this approach. Well done Sir.
I always watch all the video. I have given up TV and watch your videos every evening. The fit of the slide when you first put it in the cross slide sounded perfect. The compressor sounded like a drum roll for installing the final bolt. An "Old Dog" still teaching us new tricks. Thank you for passing along your knowledge to new generations.
My favorite TH-camr period. Great explanation for beginners such as my self. Don’t watch my TV trying to catch up on all the videos. What a blessing this has been. Thanks Mr Pete 222 🏁🇺🇸🏁
That was great Mrpete. Love the video its great how you went from idea to finished product and showed everything in between. Thanks for sharing and keep them comming. Steve Summers
FANTASTIC!!! mrpete it truly is a joy to me watching a master at work you make it look so easy I have learned so much from you & Thank you for all your hard work & time!!! as always TWO THUMBS UP!
I watched the OEM version of this first. I have to say I very much prefer your aluminum cast version much more. While watching the OEM version you stated it did not have the dovetail and you surmised that it wasn't necessary especially being cast iron. But in watching the OEM demonstration a very discernible twisting can be seen as you operate it. Where with this custom cast aluminum it is rock solid throughout your testing of it. This can only be due to the dovetail providing much greater support and rigidity regardless of being of a softer material. I must applaud your impeccable work on this custom tooling and suggest you compare the 2 different ones for flex and accuracy. I believe you will be pleasantly surprised. P.S. I will post this comment on the OEM version as well for both your and other commenters benefit.
Thank you Mr. Pete. This was a most enjoyable series. I'll probably, keep my 1930's era South Bend until I die. I like the Logan lathes, though. They were the first lathes I ever ran, back in high school in the early 70's.
An excellent pair of videos which I think will encourage others to have a go at more complex projects. Your explanations and demonstrations are truly outstanding and most encouraging.
I think I have watched nearly every video Mr Pete has ever produced. Lots of them more than once. What just came to my mind was I wonder if any of Mr. Pete's students from back in high school ever watch any of his videos. Has any of them responded or commented that any of you can recall? I just thought it would be awesome to hear from some of them. See if any of them are in still in the trade. And give Mr. Pete a huge thanks from his students from back then... I know all of us modern day students appreciate and thank him for everything he has taught us over the years!!!
Really enjoyed this mini series Mr. Pete. Masterfully thought out, edited and executed, imho. Thanks for all you do to share your time, wisdom and experience...it pays off for everyone in so many ways. ~PJ
Tubalcain, Thought it was funny you said no one would need to do this same project, but i actually do need to so im thrilled you posted this. I have a Seneca Falls Star Lathe that i need to repair several parts on, and this happens to be one :)
I also have a "Star". At some point earlier in life it was actually a treadle foot powered lathe. My Star still holds .001 or better all day. I live about 75 miles from where it was manufactured in Upstate New York...
"I can forget it in thirty seconds; I've already forgotten it!" What a great video; now I need to see if there's any possibility of making one of these for my 12 x 36 Jet lathe.
Nice result - getting the old and the new dovetails to not bind against each other is some achievement - the motion looked pretty good...thumbs up from the UK
..Nice job....I had a job milling aluminum extrusions for 4 years, for accuracy I always kept the quill all the way up and locked, then made my adjustments with the knee....very good for repeatability....
Thanks for the video Mr Pete. I first discovered your channel when I was setting up my scrap metal foundry and learning how to make parts. Keep up the good work!
Oh, I think there will be many who will benefit from making their own taper attachment and will use ideas and procedures seen on your two videos. Having a second chance casting really takes the pressure off, but I really din't think that you needed it to begin with. You could probably auction that extra casting of someone else with a Logan lathe. Nice work on the job, as usual and another great instructional video we have come to enjoy, like the rest here.
Mr. Pete, Where were you in 1977, when I had my first metal shop class in junior high? Billy Turner was my high school metal shop teacher. I miss that man.
So professional Pete with all the dovetail cutting,, l made a taper jig for my Logan with 3/4 bar stock with bushings and bolted it to center of chip cover works fine for my needs,, but your's is bad ass
You might be interesting in getting in touch with "This Old Tony" as he did a video recently about this sort of thing. You see his lathe doesn't even have the bits that clamp on to the bed and he might find this useful. I'm sure he would appreciate any advice for making one that you could impart to him. I also think you might enjoy the humor in his content. I know I do. Either way it's good for some laughs and manages to be rather informative at the same time. It's something that a lot of us have come to call "edutainment" in that it's both entertaining and educational. He's a pretty good guy and deserves a break, but preferably not in the parts he's trying to make though. All jokes aside I do sincerely love his channel as much as I do yours. Thanks for all the knowledge Lyle.
Nice work, Mr. Pete! You've made me a fan of casting so much so that I have subscribed to various other casting channels, like sandrammer and Fair Weather Foundry and such. I just wish you had video of casting this taper bracket, making the pattern, etc.
aww Mr. Pete I might actually make one myself. Since I got fired up and have the time I built what it takes too do casting now. Thanks to you and some others
Thanks again Lyle! I think you would be amazed at how many of your followers have executed projects using your videos.Give me a thumbs up if you have. Personally, I have made two enlarged cross feed dials using your 100 tooth saw blade set up. 3 replacement gears. And I have used a ton of your demos to execute other projects. Thanks again! If, that casting is available I am interested.
Another great video! I've cut dovetails on my HF mini mill and they were "okay". I think if I use your method of setting up and measuring that future projects will do much better. Thanks a bunch.
Nice! That was a great 2 part series. How about now taking the part you just made and think about making one on the 3D printer using a material that would hold up to the job. I'm starting to see some making replacement parts with a 3D printer for lathes, like the thread dial for a SB and selling at a reasonable profit. Thanks, Ed K. Cleve. Oh.
Could be, but I watched one video where they made propellers for a 15hp boat motor out of 5 different materials and tested them both in a tank and also running the inflatable and was surprised how well 2 of the compounds held up, one of the best being a compound comprised of wood mixed in. Thanks again.
Another great job Thank you for the effort. Is there a possibility that you might give the general length, width, and thickness of the casting? I can wander around my salvage shop for a chunk of aluminum.
For the life of me I can NOT UNDERSTAND what ANYONE could see in this video to make them give it a thumbs down ?? I just don't get it? It piss's me off (sorry Lyle ) maybe because I have been with you for so long its like a old friend and I can't find any fault Or is it that these people are just so DARN MISERABLE in their own life that that can not stand to see anyone else do good? Yeah that's it that's the only reason I can see- GREAT Job Mrpete!!! and yes I did watch it a second time haha
Thanks John that makes me feel better- I usually do not give them the time of day they are not worth it but this time for some odd reason it just got to me lol
Mr. Pete.... any chance we could see more of the setups. As a new guy the layout and setup is of primary importance. Great video however. Very best regards.
Dear Lyle, I for one would like to make one when I eventually get my lathe. I wouldn’t mind having a go at making the slide more complicated so that a contour could be followed. The contour would be bolted on top of the slide bar and the connection would need to grab hold of this and brace it. It would need bearings on outer and inner side and a top hole to go through the current adjustable bolt hole. If this was made so that the contour could be swapped out, we have a way to cut curves or odd shapes. And so, to make a complicated shape all you need to do is make the contour to match and you are in business. Cutting repeated curves would be a good example of its use. Having made the contour, you could make a set of four all exactly the same in no time. Heaven’s knows what I would use it for, candlesticks perhaps. I guess I could buy a CNC lathe and stop all the headaches but what would be the fun in that? Unfortunately, that is way out of my budget.
I watch a lot of you-tubers and have noticed the watches and likes....it seems that anyone with a ratio of 10% or better is doing quite well. That is to say that if so many were not lazy gits, ratios all around would be higher. One meager click.....
mrpete222 another wonderful video. If you'd like to sell that extra that got tossed nearby let me know. I need to build a taper attachment from scratch for my Logan 200. Either way thank you so much for providing such great content!
You know Pete I love your video's it's such a pleasure to sit back relax on a cold Sunday afternoon. In the UK Watching your many videos. Such a shame I'm not a niebour that lives next door to you. Would thoroughly enjoy helping you in your many projects.. Your Son must be very proud to have a father such as yourself doing this with all the countless hours of your time video & editing And the making of things for us strangers all over the world. Helping us learning how to mill and use a lathe. I Know I would be proud to have a father like you. Thanks again Pete. Your such a wonderful guy. My Mrs like listening to You also she's says your voice reminds her of James Stewart. You have a great sole my friend. 👍👍👍👍👍
Thanks for watching!! --Its cold here too. I'm glad you enjoy the vids. Many have told me I sound like jimmie, one of my fav actors--keep watching.
well said it is ture
i also have agreat father like mr pete but am far away cuz of syrain civil war i miss him but i can not be with him
Very few of us will have the opportunity in our lives to watch a master at work. Detailed drawings and CAD tools have there place but for me there is nothing better then using inherent skill to guide you thru a design. A quick napkin drawing, some math, a few mock ups brings out the real creativity everyone has in them. Go with you gut, trust yourself and you will succeed. We can all learn from this approach. Well done Sir.
I always watch all the video. I have given up TV and watch your videos every evening. The fit of the slide when you first put it in the cross slide sounded perfect. The compressor sounded like a drum roll for installing the final bolt. An "Old Dog" still teaching us new tricks. Thank you for passing along your knowledge to new generations.
Thanks for watching!!--TV is no good
My favorite TH-camr period. Great explanation for beginners such as my self. Don’t watch my TV trying to catch up on all the videos. What a blessing this has been. Thanks Mr Pete 222 🏁🇺🇸🏁
👍👍👍
That was great Mrpete. Love the video its great how you went from idea to finished product and showed everything in between. Thanks for sharing and keep them comming. Steve Summers
Thanks Steve
More old machines will live on due to your teaching us how to make missing parts. Thank you again.
Thanks for watching
FANTASTIC!!! mrpete it truly is a joy to me watching a master at work you make it look so easy I have learned so much from you & Thank you for all your hard work & time!!! as always TWO THUMBS UP!
Thanks for watching!!
Mr Pete Kevin here from Australia. You are such a delight to watch. Thankyou for your current series. You truly are the number 1 TH-cam teacher . 👍
THANK YOU SO MUCH!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
I watched the OEM version of this first. I have to say I very much prefer your aluminum cast version much more. While watching the OEM version you stated it did not have the dovetail and you surmised that it wasn't necessary especially being cast iron. But in watching the OEM demonstration a very discernible twisting can be seen as you operate it. Where with this custom cast aluminum it is rock solid throughout your testing of it. This can only be due to the dovetail providing much greater support and rigidity regardless of being of a softer material. I must applaud your impeccable work on this custom tooling and suggest you compare the 2 different ones for flex and accuracy. I believe you will be pleasantly surprised. P.S. I will post this comment on the OEM version as well for both your and other commenters benefit.
Thank you Mr. Pete. This was a most enjoyable series. I'll probably, keep my 1930's era South Bend until I die. I like the Logan lathes, though. They were the first lathes I ever ran, back in high school in the early 70's.
Thanks for watching
An excellent pair of videos which I think will encourage others to have a go at more complex projects. Your explanations and demonstrations are truly outstanding and most encouraging.
Thanks for watching!!
I love how you walk us through the process when making a project. Thanks for another great video!
Thank you, I'm glad you like it
I got tremendous enjoyment watching this project from start to finish. Wish I could give a hundred thumbs up! Great job Mr. Pete!
Thanks for watching
I have an old Logan 825 I'm restoring, your videos are beyond helpful!! Thanks Mr Pete!!
Thanks for watching!!--keep watching
That is with out a doubt the nicest home shop casting that I have ever seen on TH-cam. Great video.
Thank you so much--I really cranked it out fast
I think I have watched nearly every video Mr Pete has ever produced. Lots of them more than once. What just came to my mind was I wonder if any of Mr. Pete's students from back in high school ever watch any of his videos. Has any of them responded or commented that any of you can recall? I just thought it would be awesome to hear from some of them. See if any of them are in still in the trade. And give Mr. Pete a huge thanks from his students from back then... I know all of us modern day students appreciate and thank him for everything he has taught us over the years!!!
+Danny Wilsher Yes. I do here from some.
Nice overall lesson on design, pattern making and thinking through the machining sequence. Thanks!
Thanks for watching
Excellent mrpete. Another great video. I am sure the spare casting would fetch a pretty penny on Ebay. regards from the UK
Thanks for watching!!
Another outstanding video from by youtube shop teacher--thanks Mr. Pete
Thanks for watching!!
Thank you for the time you put into making this video. I felt like I was right there working with you on this. Thank you again.
Thanks--yes, it took the better part of 4 days
A wonderful conclusion...950 videos strong, and I have watched every one of them, multiple times, proud to say. Thanks, Mr. Pete! :-)
Thank you so much!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
I wish I had your knowledge and skill. I haven’t had any training but enjoy working on my lathe. Your videos have helped me a lot.
Thanks for watching
Really enjoyed this mini series Mr. Pete. Masterfully thought out, edited and executed, imho. Thanks for all you do to share your time, wisdom and experience...it pays off for everyone in so many ways. ~PJ
Thank you very much for such a kind & encouraging comment
You’re right. I’ll never make a taper attachment for my lathe but it sure was fun watching you make one for yours. Thanks.
Thanks for watching!!
Great job Mr. Pete. That gives me way too many ideas for this late at night. Thanks for all the videos and ideas.
Thanks for watching
You're not just Mr. Pete, but even more MASTER Pete!
Thanks 😀
Awesome video! Very encouraging to see you make a mistake; thanks for including it!
Tubalcain, Thought it was funny you said no one would need to do this same project, but i actually do need to so im thrilled you posted this. I have a Seneca Falls Star Lathe that i need to repair several parts on, and this happens to be one :)
Thanks for watching
I also have a "Star". At some point earlier in life it was actually a treadle foot powered lathe. My Star still holds .001 or better all day. I live about 75 miles from where it was manufactured in Upstate New York...
"I can forget it in thirty seconds; I've already forgotten it!" What a great video; now I need to see if there's any possibility of making one of these for my 12 x 36 Jet lathe.
Thanks for watching!!
Wonderful project to watch from beginning to end. Thank you Mr. Pete.
Joe
Thanks for watching!!
Thank you, Pete, I've just applied this to a cheap X Y vice and it's fantastic thanks you're a real engineer .Regards. Rudy.
Thanks for watching!!
Nice result - getting the old and the new dovetails to not bind against each other is some achievement - the motion looked pretty good...thumbs up from the UK
Thanks for watching!!
I always enjoy watching your videos I've never done no machinist work but I do have watch you do yours and I enjoy it
Thanks for watching!!
Lovely piece of craftsmanship. A pleasure to watch. Thanks
Thanks for watching!!
Thanks for watching
Outstanding, just to know what you have forgotten. Thanks for committing you mind to permanent public access. A true gift to us all. Cws
Thanks for watching!!
Great video Mr Pete. Thank you so much for your time. Wishing you the very best to you and your family from the Midlands England... Mark
Thanks for watching!!
Your videos, are always a treat to enjoy.
Thanks for watching!!
Great great job. Always very good but this one was really great. Still say leave it in place and let it float.
Jim
Thanks for watching!!
Thank you for that Mr Pete. You showed me how the original logan taper attachment works. I have it on my 825 and need to clean it up and put it in.
Thanks for watching
Great video Mr Pete. I especially liked the adjustable parallels. I hadn't seen those before.
Cheers Michael
Thanks for watching
..Nice job....I had a job milling aluminum extrusions for 4 years, for accuracy I always kept the quill all the way up and locked, then made my adjustments with the knee....very good for repeatability....
good point
Great job on the casting and part Lyle 👍🏼
Thanks for watching!!
Enjoyed finding your video first thing this Sunday morning from Greater Chicagoland!
Thanks for watching!!
Thanks for the video Mr Pete. I first discovered your channel when I was setting up my scrap metal foundry and learning how to make parts. Keep up the good work!
Thanks for watching!!
Hi Lyle,
Fine video. Always a joy watching your videos.
Thanks for watching!!
Oh, I think there will be many who will benefit from making their own taper attachment and will use ideas and procedures seen on your two videos. Having a second chance casting really takes the pressure off, but I really din't think that you needed it to begin with. You could probably auction that extra casting of someone else with a Logan lathe. Nice work on the job, as usual and another great instructional video we have come to enjoy, like the rest here.
Thanks for watching!! --I wasted my time making that extra. But it takes the pressure off.
Much enjoyed project we all must have learned something once again. Thank you.
Thanks for watching!!
You are an engineering artist! Mike from Devon, England
Thank you VERY much
Mr. Pete,
Where were you in 1977, when I had my first metal shop class in junior high? Billy Turner was my high school metal shop teacher. I miss that man.
Thanks for watching!!
Cool project Mr. Pete! I really need my own fair weather foundry!
get one!
I enjoyed it! I do have to build a taper attachment for my 1903 20" American Tool Works lathe. Very helpful!
So professional Pete with all the dovetail cutting,, l made a taper jig for my Logan with 3/4 bar stock with bushings and bolted it to center of chip cover works fine for my needs,, but your's is bad ass
You might be interesting in getting in touch with "This Old Tony" as he did a video recently about this sort of thing. You see his lathe doesn't even have the bits that clamp on to the bed and he might find this useful. I'm sure he would appreciate any advice for making one that you could impart to him. I also think you might enjoy the humor in his content. I know I do. Either way it's good for some laughs and manages to be rather informative at the same time. It's something that a lot of us have come to call "edutainment" in that it's both entertaining and educational. He's a pretty good guy and deserves a break, but preferably not in the parts he's trying to make though. All jokes aside I do sincerely love his channel as much as I do yours. Thanks for all the knowledge Lyle.
+IMG_1264.JPGExStatic Bass yes I like to watch old Tonys videos
Fantastic project, and expeditiously relayed as well. Thank you for sharing it.
Thanks for watching!!
Nice work, Mr. Pete!
You've made me a fan of casting so much so that I have subscribed to various other casting channels, like sandrammer and Fair Weather Foundry and such.
I just wish you had video of casting this taper bracket, making the pattern, etc.
Glad I made you a fan. I considered that--but no one watches my foundry stuff
aww Mr. Pete I might actually make one myself. Since I got fired up and have the time I built what it takes too do casting now. Thanks to you and some others
Great--make one
This is particularly excellent and useful. Thank you Sir. From the UK
Thanks for watching!!
Thanks again Lyle! I think you would be amazed at how many of your followers have executed projects using your videos.Give me a thumbs up if you have. Personally, I have made two enlarged cross feed dials using your 100 tooth saw blade set up. 3 replacement gears. And I have used a ton of your demos to execute other projects. Thanks again! If, that casting is available I am interested.
Thanks for watching!!--so glad you made the projects
That looks great Mr. Pete! Thanks for sharing with us!
Thanks for watching
very good job. i bought a taper attachment for my Atlas 12X36 but it was missing one part, which i made. works good now.
Good job
Another great video! I've cut dovetails on my HF mini mill and they were "okay". I think if I use your method of setting up and measuring that future projects will do much better. Thanks a bunch.
Thanks for watching!!
Very nice job as always Lyle!!
If you need an obsolete part for a machine that hasn't been made in a generation, you're out of luck. Unless you're Mr. Pete. Well done, sir.
Thanks for watching
Excellent little project.
Thanks for watching!!
nice very well thought out excellent result
Thanks for watching!!
You get an A + on this project !!!
THANKS!!!!!!!!!!!!
What a test of skills! Great video! Always love your humor :)
Thanks for watching!!
Very good! Can't wait for the next one.
Thanks for watching!!
I don't even have a partial taper attachment for my Logan 825; Now I'm thinking I should just build one!
Great video. Thanks Mr. Peterson
Thanks for watching!!
Nice! That was a great 2 part series. How about now taking the part you just made and think about making one on the 3D printer using a material that would hold up to the job. I'm starting to see some making replacement parts with a 3D printer for lathes, like the thread dial for a SB and selling at a reasonable profit. Thanks, Ed K. Cleve. Oh.
I don't think the plastic is durable enough
Could be, but I watched one video where they made propellers for a 15hp boat motor out of 5 different materials and tested them both in a tank and also running the inflatable and was surprised how well 2 of the compounds held up, one of the best being a compound comprised of wood mixed in. Thanks again.
Another great job Thank you for the effort. Is there a possibility that you might give the general length, width, and thickness of the casting? I can wander around my salvage shop for a chunk of aluminum.
Great work with wonderful fit!
Thanks for watching!!
Wow! Excellent work Sir!
Thanks for watching!!
For the life of me I can NOT UNDERSTAND what ANYONE could see in this video to make them give it a thumbs down ?? I just don't get it? It piss's me off (sorry Lyle ) maybe because I have been with you for so long its like a old friend and I can't find any fault Or is it that these people are just so DARN MISERABLE in their own life that that can not stand to see anyone else do good? Yeah that's it that's the only reason I can see- GREAT Job Mrpete!!! and yes I did watch it a second time haha
Rosario W joke is on them because TH-cam counts thumbs down as engagement and it still boosts the channel's stats and helps.
Thanks John that makes me feel better- I usually do not give them the time of day they are not worth it but this time for some odd reason it just got to me lol
They are trolls--mini terrorists!!!
Too funny Lmao
Mr. Pete.... any chance we could see more of the setups. As a new guy the layout and setup is of primary importance. Great video however. Very best regards.
In the future--most of it is in my 900 other vids.
Nice job on the attachment!
Thanks for watching!!
This was very impressive mr p !!!
Thanks for watching!!
Great, Thanks Mr. Pete!
Thanks for watching!!
Pretty cool great video on how to do it
Thanks for watching!!
Beautiful work.
Thanks for watching!!
Dear Lyle, I for one would like to make one when I eventually get my lathe. I wouldn’t mind having a go at making the slide more complicated so that a contour could be followed. The contour would be bolted on top of the slide bar and the connection would need to grab hold of this and brace it. It would need bearings on outer and inner side and a top hole to go through the current adjustable bolt hole. If this was made so that the contour could be swapped out, we have a way to cut curves or odd shapes. And so, to make a complicated shape all you need to do is make the contour to match and you are in business. Cutting repeated curves would be a good example of its use. Having made the contour, you could make a set of four all exactly the same in no time. Heaven’s knows what I would use it for, candlesticks perhaps. I guess I could buy a CNC lathe and stop all the headaches but what would be the fun in that? Unfortunately, that is way out of my budget.
Give it a try
Nice piece of work.
Thanks for watching!!
Over 1300 views and under 200 likes? Come on people dont be lazy... hit the like button for gosh sakes...
THANKS FOR YOUR SUPPORT!!
I watch a lot of you-tubers and have noticed the watches and likes....it seems that anyone with a ratio of 10% or better is doing quite well. That is to say that if so many were not lazy gits, ratios all around would be higher. One meager click.....
Very nice work
Thanks for watching
excellent work mrpete ... it take a lot of time for this precise work right
YES-Thanks for watching!!
Great video Mr Pete.
Thanks for watching!!
As usual a great job & video, thanks!!!
Thanks for watching!!
Good vid, Mr. Pete.
Thanks for watching!!
Anyone worrying about trying this can be far less worried thanks to your excellent video! :o)
O,,,
Thanks for watching!!
I have but a couple of words to say: Perfect / Beautiful
THANK YOU very much!!
Thank you sir for your time
Thanks for watching!!
you are teaching me alot thanks sir
Thanks for watching!!
mrpete222 another wonderful video. If you'd like to sell that extra that got tossed nearby let me know. I need to build a taper attachment from scratch for my Logan 200. Either way thank you so much for providing such great content!
That was fun! Thank you.
Thanks for watching!!
A great project. The math said it would fit, and it did. Take the rest of the day off with pay.
Thanks for watching!!
Very nice and handy. But I hope you have a screw that not have threads in the slotte.
Thanks for watching!!
Excellent! Great Video
Thanks for watching!!
Very interesting!
Thanks for watching!!
THANK YOU...for sharing.
Thanks for watching!! & loyalty