Public Health Laws / National Health Laws - Simplified / Community Health Nursing .

I. Introduction
- For improvement and protection of public health, an adequate Health
System is required.
- Public health laws are absolutely essential for proper and effective
regulation of Health System.
- To solve public health problems, effective laws are utmost
essential.
- Thus, in every aspects of community health, Public health laws are
Important
- Hence, every State has to enact Public Health Laws for the proper
maintenance of citizen’s health.
II. Definition
“ Public health laws are such legal forces and duties of an organized society, by which conditions for maintaining citizen’s health are ensured.’’
(Gostin)
“ Public health law refers to a statute, or rule or local ordinance that has the purpose of promoting or protecting the public health”.
“ Public health law is a field that focuses legal practice, scholarship and advocacy on issues involving the government’s legal authorities and duties “to ensure the conditions for people to be healthy,” and how to balance these authorities and duties with “individual rights to autonomy, privacy, liberty, property and other legally protected interests.”
III. Objectives of Public Health Law
1. To protect and promote public health
2. Control the risk to public health
3. Promote the control of infectious diseases
4. Prevent the spread of infectious diseases
5. Recognizes the role of local governments in protecting public health
IV. Characteristics of Public Health Law
a. GOVERNMENT
b. POPULATION
C. RELATIONSHIP
d. SERVICES
e. COERCION
V. Scope of Public Health Law
- The scope of public health law is broad.
• Public health law issues range from narrow questions of legal
interpretation to complex matters involving public health policy, social
justice and ethics.
VI. Importance of PHLs
1. Proper regulation and management of health services.
2. Strengthen the nation’s health infrastructure
3. Following the international health laws
4. Identification of government’s limitations in the area of health
5. Making necessary financial provision for health.
6. Proper utilization of national resources.
7. Maintaining economic discipline in the area of health
8. Protection of environmental health and Citizens from health risks
9. Protection to consumers of health services
10. Increase awareness and interest regarding health and PHLs
11. Following codes of ethics in health and medical services, education,
Training and Research.
VII. Effectiveness of Public Health Laws.
1. Useful health system (For problem solving)
2. Proper economic policies
3. Community participation
4. Constitutional support / Effective system for implementation of
health laws
5. Strong political will to implement health laws
6. Proper resources
7. Proper social environment.
8. Periodic review
VIII. Obstacles or Problems with Public Health Laws
1. Lack of awareness
2. Social aspects
3. Implementation Problem
4. Long time taken in prosecution
5. Practical Problem
6. Improper Reporting
7. Widespread corruption
IX. Steps in Formation PH Laws
1. Identify Health Problems
2. Finding various Options / Measures
3. Set Norms & Standards
4. Prepare International PHL / National PHL
5. Evaluation
6. Health protection & Promotion
X. Public Health Laws in India
• Making and implementing of Public health laws are the responsibility
of State as well as Central Government.
• Most of the Public health laws enacted by the Centre ( Central Govt.).
• States have either accepted it as such or for their implementation,
amendments are made in the form of laws and by-laws.
XII. Types of Laws
a. CIVIL LAW:
b. CRIMINAL LAW:
c. LAW OF TORTS:
d. LAW OF CONTRACTS:
XII. The Judicial System In India
a. Supreme Court,
b. High Court,
c. Subordinate Courts / Special Courts
d. District & Session Courts
i. Civil Court (District Judge)
ii. Criminal Court (Session Judge)
XIII. Some Laws and Legislations related to Public Health in India.
XIV. Classification of Public Health Laws
A. Occupational Safety & Health laws
B. Environmental Health laws
C. MCH related Laws
D. D. General PH Laws
XV. Role, Functions and Responsibilities of the CHN in Public Health Laws
Update - latest information - PHLs
2. Participate in reviews, workshop & seminars
3. Detect barriers / problems in implementation
4. Awareness to Public
5. Transfer info - Experts for New Public Health Laws.
6. Evaluate the effectiveness of implementation
7. Remove / Minimize the barriers / Hindrances.
8. Active Role - Implementation of PHLs.
9. Notification with proper records if any Violation
10. Active participation in Evaluation.
Thank You.

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