Ken Olum - What Would an Infinite Universe Mean?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 ก.ย. 2024
- Do stars and spaces go on forever? Do the numbers of galaxies, and even of universes, have no end? Is our universe infinite in size and contents? Are there an infinite number of independent universes? Are there different kinds of infinite universes? Can infinities be nested-infinities of infinities? Here’s how infinity transforms an astonishing reality.
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Ken Olum is a Research Professor in the Institute of Cosmology at Tufts University, where he has worked since 1997. He studies gravitational waves, cosmic strings, negative energies in quantum field theory, energy conditions and exotic phenomena in general relativity, and anthropic reasoning and other issues in cosmology. He is a member of the NANOGrav collaboration, which searches for low-frequency gravitational waves via precision timing of pulsars.
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Closer to Truth, hosted by Robert Lawrence Kuhn and directed by Peter Getzels, presents the world’s greatest thinkers exploring humanity’s deepest questions. Discover fundamental issues of existence. Engage new and diverse ways of thinking. Appreciate intense debates. Share your own opinions. Seek your own answers.
An infinite universe with an infinite number of possibilities means that there are Star Wars sequels that actually _don't_ suck.
Perhaps there are an infinite number of Star Wars sequels.
@@tonyedgecombe6631 Under this theory, it is not "perhaps."
🤣🤣🤣
even written by me!
There would also be a version of the universe were you enthusiastically like the current sequels🍿
love these discussions!
It’s strange to hear a scientist say, “I don’t know”
I know I know what you’re thinking. But still, it’s nice to hear.
2023
Ouroboros universe. 010 at 10nce begins and ends at The Eternal Now reality.
Well this certainly cleared everything up.
yeah 🤪
@@petepeter1857 yes, in short, the universe is not infinite.
@@dongshengdi773 ...or is it...?
Infinity x Infinity is redundant
Yeah, this didn't actually amount to a damned thing really did it?
I never get tired of these videos. Even if the answers are never really at hand I love talking about the questions.
I think of space as nothingness. Like a backdrop against which every thing exists. Nothingness has no boundaries, no beginning, no end. But everything that does, happens within "space".
I define the universe as all the phenomena (matter, particles and energy) within space. I think of the universe as time itself. Like an unfolding that never stops, always being created and destroyed simultaneously. Never creating the same thing exactly twice, because one of the parameters of some thing that is created is the moment or span in time that it exists. Since time marches forward forever, it can never be the same moment ever again. So therefore, I think the universe is infinite and finite simultaneously. Infinite because the unfolding never stops, but finite because the creation has a beginning and an end. I think I just hurt my brain.
@Max Christian Epic. That last sentence kind of wrecked me; I haven't thought of in that regard. I'll be thinking of that. But the fact I AM is the only thing I'm sure of. Thanks.
Space may be the one and only absolute that exists.
Thank you for this segment. Please, do more discussions on infinity. On the subject of physical infinity being real, my hunch is yes. I really appreciate Ken's insight.
It has to be infinite in many ways, like for ex. infinite in space, materia was never born, but is just in constant movement. Nothing comes out from nothing and BB was a black hole that exploded imo. The concept of scientific theory is somewhat flawed, as any theory, that can not be verified, can not be a scientific theory no matter how much it makes sense. One can never observe reality, thus the concept of infinity is poorly understood amongst the people who are getting paid for understanding issues like infinity. Also, as one can not observe reality, the question of if there is an infinite amount of materia or limited, can't never be proven to be either. How all the materia is organised in the universe, has more possibilities, than just the ..multiverse theory... It can be, that all the materia is organised to different hierarchies a bit like we can observe now from the inside of atom to observable universe. Different hierarchies with different set of laws that govern.
@@robertm3561 I don't understand why people say that in an infinite universe there are an infinite amount of each of us that do an infinite amount of things. can't space itself be infinite while the matter in it is finite? can't there be one earth in a universe where space expands forever? I've never understood why very smart people say that in an infinite universe there has to be an infinite amount of matter too.
@@Phillip713 I think that there can be only one universe for the very reason, that the space must be endless, thus no other spaces etc. universes and like you said, it is a realistic possibility and not unlikely(imo..), that there is a limited amount of materia in the universe. Nothing points out either case to be more likely. It is what it is, but due to the fact, that materia just doesn't come to existence, there is an infinite history also, thus one/any creature, can't never completely understand the universe.
@@Phillip713 The Eternal Inflation models they are referencing imply both space and matter are infinite. In our observable universe, there is a galaxy roughly every 1-1,000 kiloparsecs. The assumption is that the whole infinite spacetime would maintain this rough distribution of galaxies.
@@Phillip713 In an infinite universe, a finite amount of material will.organise into a finite amount of structures an infinite amount of times
We don't know. These matters exceed human capacity. 😶
oh weird i just made a video about robert and how infinity drives him nuts. haha.
Even in an infinite universe, there might only be one copy of you. This is due to the fact that there could also be an infinite number of different possibilities. Hence it would be incorrect to conclude that every possibility occurs an infinite number of times.
Life is more that probability equations! There are an infinite number of possible genetic mutations to consider. Also an infinite number of factors in determining who people decide to marry and which sperm fertilized which egg.
This is true. There are indeed infinite numbers, but there is only one 1 and one 2 etcetera. 1 is not an inifinite number. It is finite. However, it can be used as a number in more than one instance.
No. In an infinite universe with a finite number of types of particles, those particles would arrange themselves an infinite number of times, an infinite number of ways, including an infinite number of ways exactly like you and me , including an infinite number of this exact chat.
Agree there Ken. Every possible outcome is possible in an infinite universe. It’s incorrect to say that every possibility occurs a finite number of times. In an infinite universe there is only infinity. We just only see our version of it.
Nietzsche has argued the principle of eternal recurrence without inflation
A state of the universe only repeats if there are a finite number of states. For example you can arrange 3 colored balls in different orders and there is a small number of way to do that. So given infinite time those few states will repeat and that is true of any finite set of states.
What if there were an infinite amount of states? Then you could have an eternal universe and still have every state be unique. This solves the problem as everything that happens only happens once but reality has an infinite well of creativity to draw out unique and novel states of being.
Right, even if the universe went on for ever, there is still only a finite amount of matter. That doesn't offer very much repeatability.
Unless we're talking many worlds, but that's a whole different headache.
I know people think it's cool that there could be an infinite number of us and the things we know about, but what I find cooler is that there could be an infinite number of UNIQUE things, including things we don't even have the ability to sense or understand, things that are completely oblivious to us
According to some of the thinking in these discussions, the universe would not be infinite without anything existing even an infinite number of times, including unique things. Wait a moment...
Yes -- Ken Olum did say if the Universe is infinite it is **countably** infinite, which doesn't necessarily span all possibilities (like natural numbers vs. real numbers).
I still can't believe Ken is only 24! 😊
😂
I actually can’t stop laughing
🤣
Reality is infinite consciousness, the nature of consciousness is infinity, it’s not a coincidence that our very existence is made real by the mysterious consciousness and it is also everything there is.
completely agree
Why do you believe that?
@@brothermine2292 It's the most logical explanation. One small reason is that we have DNA. DNA's a code and all codes I know of, require a programmer. To be otherwise remains a non-sequitur. Cannot have a logical code, without a logical programmer. All biological eyes are windows from which the universal consciousness, looks out. It creates and designs the eyes from evolution and problem solving over the course of billions of years so it can look out and learn about aspects of itself. Hence your question as a human being. It is the designed and the designer, the conscious and unconscious. Furthermore 'laws of nature'...all logical laws as those in nature - have to be conceived. So what is this driving force we call 'Nature'..? It uses mathematics, geometry, it problem solves, builds, creates etc etc. All is consciousness, it's the same kind of consciousness that beats your heart, fires your synapses for you, breathes automatically for you so you don't have to think about it, regulates all your internal organs etc. Drives all things within the universe at the same time. It constantly 'does' and is in the process of 'doing', as it evolves to higher levels of consciousness. It's the same for everything within the universal consciousness, or as we call it: 'the universe'.
Consciouness is the cosmos learning to look at itself, understand itself, love itself.
@@normjohnson4629 well said. You understand it perfectly.
It's also possible that universes generate/regenerate infinitely and that all generated universes are of finite areas/spans-of-time. I think this is at least philosophically supported by the facts that
1) the texts available in Borges' "Library of Babel" are finite in number,
2) the texts available in the LoB describe all describable realities, and these realities are described at every possible level of detail,
3) the set of all described possible worlds is finite (even if you arrange the entire set in every conceivable way, producing all possible "sequels" to every description, the possible permutations of the set remain finite. Infinities in orderings of the set are only generated by recurrence, which doesn't work well in permutations that retain the narrative validity of a possible world, and we're really only concerned with possible worlds.).
I.e., Roger Penrose’s Conformal cyclic cosmology theory which postulates an endless, infinite cycle of births, deaths, and rebirths of the Universe.
@@kevinlowercase, that is quite a different phenomenon to what the original poster is postulating. ☝️☝️
It amazes me how many times speakers on here say the same thing again and again. Since Einstein we have just been going around in circles. Are you actually getting closer to the truth?
wouldn’t that be the definition of “getting closer to the truth?” wouldn’t consistently different answers mean there was no consensus?
Your statement is false. This concept relies upon inflation which was theorized after Einstein’s work.
@@JamyRyals which we do not know for certain is correct.
This interview is quite old. The observations and data coming from the JWST looks to be making those in this field to scratching their heads.
@@mitseraffej5812 in what way?
An infinite universe will never repeat with infinite variation.
It would mean the programmers made a recursion error. I just made a video about this.
What’s your gut feeling Ken, is the universe infinite…..long pause…….I really don’t know……well then Ken we stand no chance 😂
Lol he just couldn't close
The universe by definition has to be of infinite size, and always has been. The event refereed to as the Big Bang was merely a change in state of the universe, akin to a phase change.
You confuse our current best theory with establishe fact.
@@gordonquimby8907 By “best theory”do you mean the most widely accepted theory?
Likewise for the definition of “ established fact”.
Discrete quantum systems have no "size".
Why can't it be of finite size? Infinite size is just so untidy.
@@andyiswonderful Being of finite size implies that there is a boundary, whatever exists outside the boundary is by definition part of the universe.
He asked for your gut feeling--not whether you know.
I think the argument, that probability can't be determined due to the fact that both sets are infinite, is flawed. With basic calculus, it's trivial to find any real number as the ratio of two divergent series. e.g., the ratio of the sum of all whole numbers to the sum of all whole number exponentiations of e, is the inverse of e.
Another example, for uncountable sets, would be the probability of a dart hitting a bullseye, when there are an uncountable possible locations where a dart could land.
Maybe Olum isn't articulating the argument effectively, but it makes his perspective of infinities weak.
Mathematicians do blaze the trails and then physicists come along later
Bottom line: Some things are probably just unknowable.
Well said
With the understanding in science that has occurred in just the past 500 years it's not that unlikely that in another couple thousand we could figure these things out. If we as a species are still around and haven't started nuking each other.
something that has a beginning is by definition not infinite 😂
Suffice it to say that part of the inherent definition of Infinity is that it could NOT grow (to be Infinity). It is infinite beyond any notion of time, or inflationary growth. So what he’s taking about is absolute nonsense. But there is much more to his nonsense that there is room here to dwell on.
Premise is false, start with an infinite set, like all odd numbers. Then start adding elements from another complementary infinite set like the even numbers or the imaginary numbers. Did the resulting set grow or was it not infinite to begin with? now take your infinite set and multiply all elements by two (in case that's how you view growth of the set) Still the same conclusion
they're conflating mathematically possible with physically possible...........🤔
possible vs probable
This sounds extremely similar to quantum mechanics. Particles have infinite possibilities but we happen to see just this one. That cant be a coincidence. They are somehow connected I think.
And what occurs and how often by probability. The probability of there being you or I is quite possibly infinitely small, that is 1/infinity and if this is multiplied by infinity we arise at just one occurrence.
I know for sure that I exist, for how much longer is in the lap of the probability gods.
I think you are right. The universe is thought to be that which contains everything. Therefor, the universe must be limitless - if it wasn't, something outside the universe would pose a limit on it, but since per our definition there can't be anything outside the universe... it must not have any limits.
Now I believe that the only thing that IS limitless is pure potential, namely the potential for anything. So anything is possible. So by this thinking, the universe would be pure potential. Now, that anything is possible does not mean that everything actually comes into existence (becomes manifest). So what we actually see around us is still limited, even if it appears in a limitless universe.
I think this is reflected in our understanding of quantum physics. The pure potential for things to exist is the probability field - which actually is already limited, but it wasn't at the time of the bing bang where still all possibilities were valid. The universe is going down the path of manifesting actual things out of that field of limitless possibilities. The path of time would be the direction where more and more limits are put onto the probability field. We experience this as causation. Manifestation would be the collapse of the quantum field.
Infinite number of possibilities occurring infinite number of times. It is beyond human comprehension.
" Not only is the universe stranger than we think, it is stranger than we can think."
Werner Heisenberg
Legend has it that Ken is 22 pretending to be 65.
That's actually Charlie Day with a latex mask on
A young bearded Larry David
Think about this, you want to find a natural rock that is in the exact shape as Pee-Wee Herman. Lets say you scanned Pee-Wee Herman at every stage of his life in every variation his likeness could possibly be. Then you could instantly search the entire universe for this rock that looked like Pee-Wee Herman, not just in its present state, but in every stage of its existence going forward or backward in time.
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Would you ever find a rock that was within 5% in the shape of Pee-Wee Herman ever in this infinite universe? I'm going to say no, because the limits and phenomena that govern rock do not produce such complex patterns, anywhere. The only reason you can have a sculpture of Pee-Wee Herman is because the data dimension of the mind exists to alter that physics.
The universe is infinite. You cant start this and you cant stop this. We are eternal. Everything no matter how bizzare has happened.
I say knowledge is finite. The universe obeys laws, a star can only have so much mass, sand particles on a beach are fairly uniform. In short the physics based universe is a place shaped by limits and repeating phenomena. Whether it is infinite or not who cares? If I were asked, would I like to explore the physics based universe as an immortal, or give up my body and live as a data being in a computer. My answer would be immediate, I'd rather live in a computer.
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Of course I'd never have to make such a decision, I could always create self-replicating robots to explore the universe in every direction creating a data infrastructure as they went on. I could poor man time travel by going to sleep for a million years. But whether a sand dune stretches on for 10 miles or a million miles makes no difference to me. I'd much rather create my own universe that doesn't have to obey these stupid laws.
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I think intelligent life makes this decision, so the vast majority of life in the universe is actually on computers, and there aren't any biological aliens traveling anywhere. At most maybe we'd be visited by an exploration drone, or have had them monitoring our solar system for millions or billions of years. Regardless we live in the desert of physics.
The math can’t show how close the theorized doppelgängers are from each other. Or, if it does, it’s probably an infinite distance between. The odds of a creature on another planet having your exact life experience is ZERO over infinity.
I love this channel. Thank you for all that you do Dr. Kuhn, and the seemingly infinite supply of fascinating and diverse interviewees you procure that stimulate the public's intellectual and existential curiosity.
God is infinity consolidated into a thought your limited mind can understand. Consolidated how? Thru personification. Either God is infinity or he is bound by it. So if your belief is that God is boundlessly eternal and limitless, then it proves my initial point that God is infinity.
This infinite number of possibilities at the moment seems hard to fathom. Is there somewhere I could be a different race or gender but still be me? What is me?
If the universe is infinite then every possible human being that could exist would exist. Since all possible configurations of matter are repeated an infinite number of times, there would be an infinite number of humans that look exactly like you, but there would also be an infinite number of humans that look almost like you but their noses bend a bit more to the left, and there'd be an infinite number of them with every possibly skin colour and sex that's expressible by DNA. It's hard to think about where I, individually, fit into all of that but it's amazing and humbling to think about.
@@raurora, can you not understand how incoherent that sounds? 🙄
There would be people with your exact DNA, in fact infinitely many of them. But they wouldn't be you. They would be more like your identical twin. There would also be people with almost identical DNA who would be as much like you as it is possible to be but of a different race, gender, or a different (but very similar) species. Again they wouldn't be you, they would just be people who bore an uncanny resemblance to you.
@@SpiritualPsychotherapyServices Infinity can be quite unfathomable, yes.
@@SpiritualPsychotherapyServices It made perfect sense to me. 🤨
That question makes no sense if you think about it.
That was interesting. When you bring infinities into it, it completely screws up your ability to talk coherently about probabilities.
Given no-one can define or know what infinity is, then attributing it to anything of substance is a moot point. Or maybe the world of a mathematician only
some people are just devoid of any common sense. If the universe is infinite in size that does not mean that the amount of matter in the universe is infinite, that could be completely unrelated.
His voice sounds like a 15 year old, but he looks like 15 year old made up like a 75 year old
We didn’t get an answer to the question of Cantor’s denumerable infinities; that is, could the universe be infinite and never repeat?
I think that one observable universe is uncountable, but an infinite universe is a countable number of observable universes, so it seems obvious that it will not repeat ... and so you done have another you elsewhere in the universe.
You should look up tree 3
I feel the same about the idea of an infinitely recurring universe as I feel about the infinite monkey analogy. An infinite number of monkeys hitting randomly on keyboards would eventually come up with the works of Shakespeare. But they would also come up with the entire works of Shakespeare except for missing a comma between to be, or not to be; ditto where they type xo be, or not to be; etc. an infinite number of times. This is the most egregious example of the universe failing Occam's razor as an explanation.
Clearly correct. Plus, we know that that cross-sections of the universe are changing (what "expanding universe" actually means) which means what we call the universe isn't infinite in the way they're using it. Quarks alone give immense weight to this argument. Cheers
Even a broken clock is right twice a day
To be, or not to be, that is the quex#*^tion. I guess there could also be a Planet of the Apes, where the monkey who wrote the almost Shakespearean play is revered as a literary genius.
@@R_M.P The possibilities are endless😉
Trying to extract probabilities out of an infinite universe is a fallacy. The probability of an event occurring is an output of it's LOCAL conditions. For example, the probability of Ken and Robert being hit by a run away train as they sit there on that boat is zero. An infinite universe doesn't change that.
The probability they hit an ice burg is low because a large number of unlikely LOCAL events have to occur in a sequence before the boat hits the iceburg
1.Ice must have formed in an area that doesn't usually have ice
2.Ice must be big enough to damage boat but small enough not to see
3.Captain doesn't just steer around the ice burg etc.
That unlikely series of events remains locally true across each countable macro state in an infinite universe. So whats the problem?
First view
God created the heavens and the earth. Outside of the creation there is nothing.
I seem to believe that aswell. I’m brain injured and I had that realization recently. Because I believe I witnessed the afterlife. I’ve seen things and know things no man or woman know.
In my experience. Reincarnation is VERY real. Or you can stay with your soulmate for eternity.
That’s what god gave us. CHOICE. I probably sound mad but it’s from my personal experience while in the hospital, while in a coma. I woke up from my coma on my effing birthday 🥳
Learning how to walk and talk again. Currently.
I had the same thing happen to me, but I've seen the book & there is no choice. What's done is done, past & future.
Ok, get the fuck out of here, these conversations are not for the delusional folks like you
In my opinion its even harder to think about a finite universe.
The Infinities of Oneness leads one to the absurdity of infinities
I’m glad he clarified what infinity means at the start cos I was struggling with that. And that he says that there are countable infinities and that one infinity isn’t the same size as another infinity mocks the definition of infinity. Hitting the iceberg an infinite number of times is the same as not hitting it, in an infinite universe or universes. Seems like he forgot his grade 2 maths there. I could be wrong.
Suppose I were to write a list of every number between 0 and 1. My list might look like this:
1 ~ 0.50000...
2 ~ 0.33333...
3 ~ 0.66666...
etc.
Cantor showed that no matter how long you make this list, there is always a number that is omitted. What this shows is that there are more numbers between 0 and 1 than counting numbers aka {1,2,3,4...}
Does that make sense?
@@mesplin3 hmmm, it would be fun to see if the list of all possible pairs of natural numbers is still smaller than all reals between 0 and 1. Unless there were collisions (probably) they could be the same size
@@kylebowles9820 Here's a method that produces a number that is between 0 and 1 that is guaranteed not to be on my list. The key idea is to look at each digit on the diagonal.
For the tenths place, pick a different digit than the digit used for the tenths place from the first number on the list. For the hundredths place, pick a different digit than the digit used for the hundredths place from the second number on the list. For the thousandths place, pick a different digit than the digit used for the thousandths place from the third number on the list. Continue following this pattern.
This will result with a new number that is not on the list. Even if the original list is infinite, this number will still not be on the list.
Since this number is not on the list, then there are "more" numbers between 0 and 1 than counting numbers.
@@kylebowles9820This is a really insightful question!
The answer: the list of all pairs of integers is *still* the same size as the list of all integers.
To clarify a little on Ken's point: when we say "same size", we really mean "we can match these two lists up in a 1-to-1 correspondence". If every member of set A has a partner in set B, and vice-versa, then both sets are the same size; for infinite sets, that's the best we can do.
So here's your matching-up of the "integers" with the "pairs-of-integers":
0 (0,0)
1 (1,0)
2 (1,1)
3 (0,1)
4 (0,2)
5 (1,2)
6 (2,2)
7 (3,2)
...
As a list, this seems a little haphazard - but if you plot the right half out on a grid (1st point, 2nd point, 3rd point...), you'll see a neat little zigzag that's easy enough to follow. (I've been a little cheeky here and just used the positive integers, but if you want to come up with your own version including the negatives too, there's a hint below¹.)
In other words: the set of all coordinate pairs (x, y) is countably infinite, because you can count them²!
¹🌀
²until you get bored of counting, at least 😅
No, you are not wrong. This highly intelligent speaker is totally incoherent and has problems with logic.
Here is something I've never understood. Maybe someone can help me. I have seen many conversations discussing infinity. And just like in this conversation, people will say that in an infinite universe anything can happen an infinite number of ways. In this video they talk about hitting an iceberg while another set of them does not hit an iceberg. I want to know why people are equating an infinite amount of space to an infinite amount of things that can happen in that space. space could be infinite. there could also only be one earth in that infinite space. if all you had is a single rock in the universe then the universe and space could be infinite while that one rock is all that is in that universe. I just don't understand why people keep saying that an infinite universe has to have more than one of everything. the space itself could be all that is infinite with a finite amount of matter
In those theories, anything possible not just might happen, it has to happen. We know obviously that things could happen differently. I just misspelled "differently" and corrected it. I didn't have to misspell it. All kinds of different things could happen, big and small. The end result is that with infinite iterations all possible things happen.
A wise answer to such a question would always be "We don't know" As so much within our finite reach is still vague..
Explanatory Gap !
Everything in universe is probably simple and can be explained the problem is we are so low in intelligence so we can not figure it out. Thats why we always say INFINITE because we can not understand something.
Why do we keep using the 14B number when Webb is showing that is highly questionable?
Because most scientists refer to the observable universe, which is limited by the rate at which the universe expands. Even though the universe is larger than the observable universe, the light from stars beyond a certain range will never reach us, because the universe itself expands faster than the speed of light. So, we will never be able to see much further than 14 something billion years, because that is when the expanse started to go faster than light.
Infinite Universe does not mean there are infinite copies. Uniqueness is also part of the universe.
I tend to agree with you. I think uniqueness is a special characteristic of our Cosmos. And if you believe in a Creator, that uniqueness is special because it points to God's love.
Peace
That's nice. Can you prove it? :)
So how many copies? Just 1? 10? A million?
If the Big Bang theory is correct, WHAT does the universe expand into ?
@ Miki Lund ..EXAMPLE#1: ..It is like building a bigger house with more rooms every year ....with the exact same recycled lumber from the last house. eventually there are not enough recycled nails to hold it together .......... so It must be expanding into a warehouse of new building supplies. EXAMPLE#2 : The universe is feeding off of something and what we see has already been eaten and merely in a stage of digestion.
If the Universe is infinite then all points are at its center. Just think you are at the center of an infinite Universe! 🎉
It would mean that
physicists who have worked on the big bang were throwing their time away.
James Webb seems to be proving that
The Universe IS Infinite.
That's pretty obvious now.
How? It's not possible by definition. It can't be infinate at this moment as it's still expanding. It can't be infinate in any other moment because presumably it will still be expanding. So how is it infinate? Ever.
@@chrisgarret3285 Multi verse.
@@Dion_Mustard you still don't get it, THIS universe is still expanding THEREFORE the multiverse as a whole is NOT infinate. That's not even talking about the expansion of other universes that in this model are going on as we speak.
@@chrisgarret3285 and you obviously don't get what Infinite means.
@@Dion_Mustard do tell then
An infinite number of gooses or geeses.
This of course questions free will. Does it exist? Are we bound to certain probabilities?
What does the size of the universe have to do with free will?
@@chrisgarret3285 If there are multiple copies of us doing exactly the same thing, how is that free will?
@@Cognaxance each of them is in fact the definition of free will, the conflict you're talking about wouldn't happen if there was no free will - all would do the same!
@@chrisgarret3285 But that is the supposition. If the universe is infinite, then there are multiple copies of you and I doing the same thing an infinite number of times. Whereas free will would mean no two copies are ever doing the same thing.
could an infinitesimal time develop into an infinite space for cosmos?
If humankind could stay on earth for an infinite amount of time, I don’t think we would ever see the same exact person born again.
Then you dont understand infinity. Anything that can happen eventually will happen and not just once, it will happen infinite times.
@@MrBorndd but time still happens, so no two events will ever happen in the same conditions. I admit to not understanding time.
@@itzed If you rolled a 6-sided dice 6 times, you wouldn't be that surprised if you rolled the number 3 at least twice, it's not unlikely; but if you rolled a 20-sided dice 6 times, the same number appearing twice would be a bit more surprising because for the 6 throws there were 19 other numbers that it could have been, whereas the 6-sided dice only had 5 others. However, if I rolled the 20-sided dice 40 times, I would be less surprised if I rolled the number 7 twice or three times because given more rolls, the likelihood of the number repeating increases. So you can think of all the combinations of human DNA as the number of sides on a dice (a finite number, but huge), and an infinite amount of time as an infinite amount of rolls. For any collection of finite things that can happen, given an infinite amount of time they will all happen an infinite number of times. Whether I rolled a 6-sided dice or a 20-sided dice, if I rolled them both an infinite number of times then I would roll every number on both of them an infinite number of times.
@@MrBorndd Do YOU understand infinity?
No one ever defines "the universe".
The argument that all countable infinities have the same number of elements is based on the notion that you can construct a one-to-one correspondence between the elements of the two infinite sets. That argument has two weaknesses: (1) The one-to-one correspondence isn't the only possible correspondence that can be constructed between the two sets; and (2) the one-to-one correspondence can't be completely constructed due to the infinite number of steps in the construction procedure, so it depends on the assumption (mathematical axiom) that infinite induction is valid.
1 means nothing when you're trying to measure by comparison
2 yes it can, you don't need to physically do it forever, that would be tedious 😂 but seriously no it's possible to work with infinity without taking forever, that's why mathematical proofs even exist
@Kyle Bowles : You neglected to provide a clear reason for saying 1 "means nothing." Can you elaborate?
Your critique of 2 shows you either failed to finish reading 2 or fail to understand the meaning of the end of 2 regarding the dependency on the assumption that induction with infinities is valid. What you vaguely called the "mathematical way of working with infinity" in this case of constructing the one-to-one correspondence is inductive reasoning about the Nth element where N is arbitrarily large. But the fact is that any arbitrarily large number is finite, which means mathematicians must depend on the assumption (an axiom) that induction is valid for infinite sets. Dependency on an assumption is obviously a weakness, because assumptions aren't proved.
Consider the infinite set of prime numbers, which is a strict subset of the set of positive integers (the "natural numbers"). For any integer N greater than 4, there are fewer prime numbers less than N than natural numbers less than N. That ratio decreases monotonically as N increases, so it's dubious to think the ratio jumps up to one when N is infinity.
why are probabilities needed for infinite cosmos?
To see symmetry
Awareness is known by awareness alone.
also by definition nothingness itself is something..................as it can be defined.
This is incorrect. These guys need measure theory.
In an infinite universe all events have probability zero. Only infinite subsets MAY have nonzero probability.
Forget infinite universe, just the continuous interval [0,1] the probability of a particular value is zero but the "probability density" is not. Same goes for the universe, check out probability density functions.
@@kylebowles9820 Right. Same deal.
This video goes on for ever
It depends what do You mean by "Universe", but it is infinite.
Space ie the void is endless. But the so-called matter may not be infinite
To me infinity is pointless, no human consciousness never lives long enough to even test the theory, therefore there is nothing to gain from it. Philosophically the infinite void goes on forever as if not you would bump into a solid wall of infinite matter. That's not possible in my opinion. But I agree is fun to think about.
There's nothing impossible in science, only statistical probabilities.
Our extinction.
,,,,,,yes it is,,,,,...let's all get to that conclusion,,,,,big bangs in every directions,,,crossing through each other,,,,in every angle,......NOTHING CAN CONTAIN WHAT WE ALL KNOW TODAY 3\28\23 ,,,WE KNOW THE SCALE,,,..NOW WE ALL HAVE TO REWORD WHAT IS TAUGHT ABOUT DISCRIBING THE SKY,,,,................(space) can not be used,,,,it describes an area within,,,,.....our language will change and expand during the coming years,,,.......NOTHING,,,,CAN CONTAIN ALL OF WHAT IS OUT THERE,,,,......,,,,,,,,
Infinite in all respects? Could some aspects of the Universe be infinite while other aspects are finite?
If the universe is finite but growing exponentially, wouldn't that technically make the universe BOTH finite and infinite?
INFINITE UNIVERSE= not possible...
that would mean that there is only one and in nature there is nothing that there is only one of.
NOTHING EXPLAINED...
dark matter... it's night time what do you expect for a planet that is nearly infinite in size.
looks like there's a hella celebration going on
🎉🎇🧨🎆
MOM👱 DAD🧔 and laughing happy little kid👶
looks like the kid is holding a sparkler marked spirals.,.
now comes the kicker..... the Big bang
DADDY LIT THE SPARKLER
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☮️❓Naaaaa who needs any
0000000MMMMmm
Infinity dissolves probability. So it doesn't matter to us if it's infinite or not.
Look up "probability density", problem solved
@@kylebowles9820
Is it inaccurate to say that events which would be causally disconnected from our part of the universe are irrelevant?
Like an exact copy of the earth and everyone on it?
We could say that it never happened in spite of it being a certainty according to probability.
I'm probably just paying too much attention to the language.
I've always thought that the universe is infinite and I also imagined that infinitely large some how transitioned to infinitely small. Vicious cycle.
How Infinite ? An Infinite Copies , then an Infinite Copies Except, Just add or subtract a Single Quark or Anti particle or Wa hat ever from a SINGLE Grain of sand or Snowflake on a Single Moon or A single Gas molecule from I Star and Then an Infinite Copy of this and on and on,,,,, 😵💫
I don't get why infinity in size always has to mean infinite in possibilities. An infinite universe can exist with only a couple of galaxies in it. Why do physicists always cling to this theroy that the infinite universe = every possibility and every copy of me existing somewhere?
Nonsense.
Eventually humankind will be humbled and understand they never knew much at all.
This guy is the example of subjective science. Importance is six objectivity is always right guaranteed after life. Subjectivities is always wrong no after life.
This is exactly what one of the latest physical paper on quantum physics, "Relativity of superluminal observers in 1+3 spacetime", advocates. Basically Newtonian physics is no longer valid, everything has to be treated by means of field theory. For example a thrown apple is in fact moving along all possible trajectories at once. And what we observe as a final trajectory is simply the most likely probability. Apple's trajectories are in fact a gradio so to speak. But for superluminal observers, this apple is moving in three dimensions of TIME, not space.
Talking of an infinite universe with infinite possibilities would include even the impossibility of such a universe existing as one of the infinite possibilies already. So I really question that idea of infinity
Our Local Universe is 'Infinite' in it's own Perspective.
Infinity is a Eternal Principle.
There is in Basic Six different kind of Infinite Universes,
they all Rest in the Seven't Universe.
(Rainbow)
please watch only until 6:24, you can skip the disappointment. "we really don't know, could be either way, we do not understand infinity, we do not understand the universe, we do not ...."
Ah Ken Olum makes a distinction here: the Universe can be countably infinite in size (vs uncountably infinite) and not contain every possibility such as exact copies of the Earth and you & I existing out there somewhere.
I keep hearing astronomers & physicists talking about duplicate versions of Earth & you but strictly speaking that doesn't necessarily follow from an infinite Universe.
These two things can't be both be true:
1. The universe is infinite
2. Information can move through the universe at an arbitrary speed.
If both of these things were true, an infinite amount of information would necessarily be seen in our observable universe.
He's a so-called 'scientist' and he still doubts the neverending real causal chain!🙄😂
Can you ever stop the natural causal chain, Ken?
Show us how...if you say that you doubt the real infinity. 🙄🥴
infinity certainly seems more accurate aside from the human made concepts of logic, calculus, geometry, thermodynamics, Newton, Einstein et al. Physics and biology can't explain consciousness. Seems the hardest concept for any scientist to grasp is anything "supernatural." Like particle physics or loving your dog or black hole singularities.
Given finite space and infinite time, all things will reoccur infinitely, the Doctrinal Of Eternal Re Occurrence, poor paraphrase of Nietzsche, but I remember reading that in a philosophy class 50 years ago.
I think it is important to note the an exact duplicate of Earth, and everyone in it, the odds are directly correlated with the distance to such a place. So don't get excited, this number or distance is beyond huge... 10 to the 23rd, to the 76th light years away- I think that number comes from a Mathologer video I saw, to put in perspective, the visible universe horizon only some 14 million light years away, and that number assumes you travel in a straight line, so- the odds are diminished if you happen to travel just one ten-thousandth of a degree different than that of a positive result! For 360 degrees in every direction of a sphere, that is a lot of wrong answers I would assume...
Your version 'is' incoherent. There is just 'the' universe, it is infinite, it always has been infinite therefore it didn't have a beginning, there are no sets, there is only one of anything, one infinite universe, one (temporary) planet earth, one (temporary) me, Etc. The KISS principle. Hard to comprehend because our existence has a beginning and ending. Everything we experience does. So we have to accept some things are beyond our ability to comprehend easily and naturally. It requires a new vision and a letting go of natural logic, accepting our limitations and stepping beyond.
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*For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life. For God did not send His Son into the world to condemn the world, but that the world through Him might be saved. “He who believes in Him is not condemned; but he who does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God. And this is the condemnation, that the light has come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. For everyone practicing evil hates the light and does not come to the light, lest his deeds should be exposed. But he who does the truth comes to the light, that his deeds may be clearly seen, that they have been done in God.”*
John 3:16-21 NKJV
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We don't have a problem with infinities. We have a problem with Inflation Theory and that problem is that we accept it. It explains our observations but so did the Theory of General Relativity with the cosmological constant included.
Nothing is infinite except God. If universe is infinite, than it is defying logic. Human mind need logic. That is why human need God. God give explanation in his manual. Go read it. Read the Quran for proof.
it doesnt mean anything 2 anyone.....no race of beings be it pure enegy beings or advanced physical beings are capable of dealing with infinity
The concept of an infinite universe challenges our understanding: how can it be infinite? how can it keep expanding indefinitely forever? what is it expanding into?...
The concept of a finite universe also challenges our understanding: why is it finite? What limits the size and expansion of the universe? What is there beyond that limit? What created that limit? Why is there a limit?
The problem is not the universe. The problem is our human mind that is never satisfied and keeps seeking causes and consequences in everything.
Even if we met God in person we wouldn't be satisfied if he would tell us that he has always existed and he will always exist. We wouldn't believe him and so we would ask him: who created you? and then, who created the one that created you? And so on..
The problem is our mind.