Great video!your philosophy lecture is awesome and easier to understand......btw,i have a question though... what's your thought on our universe?do you think it's a brute contingent fact or it can be explained by a Necessary being (God or any naturalistic foundation)?
Thanks! I don't think a necessary existence explains the universe. There may be no explanation. Some things (quantum events) just happen, with no explanation.
It's usually used for the relation between possible worlds and sentences, w ||- A, to mean that A is true relative to world w. You'll also see the symbol |= used for that, but also for entailment (A |= B), whereas ||- isn't used for entailment. ||- has related uses in specific logics. Eg in truthmaker semantics, s ||- A means: s is an exact truthmaker for A.
@@AtticPhilosophy Thank you. I have just one more question, I know you are busy so you can answer this whenever you have time haha. You mentioned Fitch's paradox in your introductory video for quantified modal logic, the one about unknowable truths. I know that it uses epistemic logic, but I just don't know which system it is. My guess is that it's Hintikka's original S4 system (with no caveats) but I don't know. Do you know what system it is?
It uses very little epistemic logic, only that knowledge is factive (Kp -> p) and distributes over conjunction (K(p&q) -> Kp & Kq). These hold in all standard epistemic logics (T or stronger).
Lifesaver! Haven't grasped it yet fully, but I'm sure I will with the help of this video.
Glad to have helped out!
Great video!your philosophy lecture is awesome and easier to understand......btw,i have a question though... what's your thought on our universe?do you think it's a brute contingent fact or it can be explained by a Necessary being (God or any naturalistic foundation)?
Thanks! I don't think a necessary existence explains the universe. There may be no explanation. Some things (quantum events) just happen, with no explanation.
Hi Attic Philosophy, good day! I have a question, what does the symbol ⊩ mean?
It's usually used for the relation between possible worlds and sentences, w ||- A, to mean that A is true relative to world w. You'll also see the symbol |= used for that, but also for entailment (A |= B), whereas ||- isn't used for entailment. ||- has related uses in specific logics. Eg in truthmaker semantics, s ||- A means: s is an exact truthmaker for A.
@@AtticPhilosophy Thank you. I have just one more question, I know you are busy so you can answer this whenever you have time haha. You mentioned Fitch's paradox in your introductory video for quantified modal logic, the one about unknowable truths. I know that it uses epistemic logic, but I just don't know which system it is. My guess is that it's Hintikka's original S4 system (with no caveats) but I don't know. Do you know what system it is?
It uses very little epistemic logic, only that knowledge is factive (Kp -> p) and distributes over conjunction (K(p&q) -> Kp & Kq). These hold in all standard epistemic logics (T or stronger).
@@AtticPhilosophy I see! thank you again