Unbelievable Discoveries About Tardigrades From The Last Few Months
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 31 พ.ค. 2024
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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about Tardigrades and everything we learned about them in the last few months
Links:
doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1760
journals.plos.org/plosbiology...
www.nature.com/articles/s4159...
www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/...
/ 1646823170828128258
www.nature.com/articles/s4159...
hpscreg.eu/cell-line/WAe009-A
/ 1646823170828128258
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36858...
Invertebrate Biology Videos CC BY 4.0 • Tardigrades
Daiki Horikawa • Anhydrobiosis in Tardi...
Previous videos: • Study Claims Tardigrad...
• Scientists Fire Tardig...
#tardigrade #biology #science
0:00 Tardigrades/water bears
1:00 Where we get their fossils
1:40 How they evolved over time
2:00 How we can visualize them
2:30 Similarities/differences with fossils
3:00 Desert tardigrades?
3:40 Co-evolution to hitch a ride on snails
4:30 Tun state and how they survive so much
5:15 Incredible ways they do the survival part - gel
6:40 Using this with other animals or in medicine
8:00 Cold makes them live very long
8:30 Sex life
9:40 Their eggs can get really weird
10:15 We know why tardigrades look the way the look
11:20 Chinese newspaper reports super soldiers with tardigrade genes
12:20 Paper is a bit different though
13:00 These proteins cannot be used in humans unfortunately
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Images/Videos:
doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1760
journals.plos.org/plosbiology...
www.nature.com/articles/s4159...
www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/...
/ 1646823170828128258
www.nature.com/articles/s4159...
hpscreg.eu/cell-line/WAe009-A
/ 1646823170828128258
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36858...
Invertebrate Biology Videos CC BY 4.0 • Tardigrades
Daiki Horikawa • Anhydrobiosis in Tardi...
Licenses used:
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Thanks for the wishes everyone and have a wonderful 2024 as well!
Check out the countdown we filmed in South Korea here: th-cam.com/users/shortsi0rq6QoUReQ
I wana be your friend bro
Thanks, I am a retired biologist and never knew so much about these creatures as you have shared.
Wishing you an excellent 2024, too, Anton.
check out Gaurdians of the Galaxy's Tardidigray soldier :) you wont be disappointed
Haha! I was there too! Must have been just a few meters away. I’ll have to keep an eye out for you 🫡 🤙
"We need to move faster! What speedy animal shall we attach ourselves to? I know - a snail!"
Two snails climb on to a tortoise.
One says to the other "hold on, here we go!"
Yes but is it a racing snail?
@@JamesCairney "Yeeehaaa"! 🤠
@@JamesCairney The snails took their shells off because they thought it would make them faster, but it just made them more sluggish.
Imagine what the ones that flew in a rocket felt about snails
It's mind-blowing just how much this creature can do with 200 neurons.
Or how little i achieve with billions...
I say the same thing about certain humans I meet all the time!
Seriously how do we become that efficient?
It's mind blowing how we behave with 87000000000 neurons.
Until someone GMOs them. Right around the corner..
"Hello wonderful Waterbear!" I definitely think a Tardigrade emoticon would be useful. As always, great presentation.
Tardigrades! Woot woot! 🎉
Agreed! Definitely would become one of my most used! 💚✌️😸
Man water bear pig
It’s embarrassing how much I love Tardigrades 🐌
@@GaiaCarneyme too!!!
I cant wait for the release of 'Tardigrade Park'
I believe its next to the Flea Circus.
Fascinating discovery. The other factor at play is that, during this conversion process, Tardigrades completely reorganize their DNA into a nearly impervious storage format, one that does not rely on water to retain its order, and that can be restored once water (or non-hostile environments) are found.
I know there were researchers that were working on dna-based storage media for extremely long-term storage. I wonder if this would be a technology to help them achieve resilience in that type of data storage.
DEHYRDRATE!!
(3BP reference 😊)
@@SmartWentCrazy. I was thinking to myself if Cixin Liu got inspired by these amazing little creatures, right before I read your comment😊
@@Nephilim2001 let’s hope D&D create an appropriately mind-blowing adaptation for Netflix. I’m hopeful given GoT was so good when they had the books to reference 👌
Be cool if we could use this technique to genetically engineer humans for space-travel dormancy...
Until she was about 10, my daughter's single purpose in life was to pet a tardigrade. She did not care that they were tiny, but she was sad that she was never able to do it. I pointed out to her that it's very likely she had a tardigrade on her at some point and just didn't know.
You can buy it a plushie tardigrade :)
I drink them, and call it a mouth hug.
Probably, one that was big enough for a human to pet would have single handedly taken over planet earth by now.
@@ED-es2qv😂
The tardigrade is my favorite animal and I’m determined to get my four year old daughter on board too. So amazing!
I remember the first time I saw one of these creatures in a drop of pond water I put on a microscope slide when I was about fourteen. It totally blew my mind.
Why?
@@desperatelyseekingrealnews probably the realization that there are trillions upon trillions of microscopic organisms living all around you, on top of you, and, last but not least, inside of you.
Because.
@@desperatelyseekingrealnewshow could you not be
I had a similar experience around the same age. Named the buddies, watched them the entire hour. Demanded they were returned to the pond and not just washed down the drain. 😂 which became my task. I miss when school was allowed to be "wild" and let children do things like collect pond water. My kids aren't allowed to walk to the nearest school, they use a dang bus. For safety.
I would love to see a movie about a tardigrade on an epic quest to mate, riding snails and making it's way to space.
Yeah until you watch it and it is the emoji movie
Quintin Tarintino could direct it!
@@randyearles1634 given that tardigrades don't get that old, and are thus minors, plus have more than 1 pair of feet, he'd be delighted to do it.
Producer Guy: I bet those tardigrades will be really hard to kill.
Writer Snail: No trouble at all, barely an inconvenience.
I wonder if any Tardigrades are still alive in the amber. Could be just taking a long nap.
Adorable snoring in Deep Time
You theoretically have just found the most plausible route to real life immortality. If we ever find a tardigrade or an ancestor of one alive and preserved from that long ago then it’s 100% possible for us
That would be awesome
@@vapormissileTardigrade Odinsleep
@@Fung43 there is a jellyfish species that is immortal. Its not that simple
Tardigrade: "I'm late for work , I hope I don't miss the 7:45 snail or the boss will kill me."
Happy New Year Anton. May 2024 bring you the Happiness that we get from your work.
You are awesome ❤
Nicely put and seconded.
Who else was thinking the 16,000,000 year old tardigrade was going to spring back into life when thw amber was cute open?
Well, it wasn't in the form of a tun, so it's unlikely it could be brought back to life.
Interestingly, I was thinking about the stasis (tun) and the super slowed metabolism in the ice conditions with slowed aging for future interstellar space travel.
Cute? and open? That must be Amber 😅... Sorry for that.
Probably they need some oxygen even in stasis. How long can they survive in tan?
@@Littleprinceleon tripeing error.
I am convinced that tardegrades are the workers that holds reality together.
All I can imagine now is a tardigrade sitting on top of a snail screaming "WOOOOOO WE'RE GOING SO FAST!!!"
First thought: I'm the king of the wooooorld!
Second thought: Racing Snails from The Neverending Story.
and the tardigrades Mom going "oh no! hes going to hurt himself!
Finally figuring out how tardigrades do their thing and being able to leverage it is going to be HUGE!!!
I'm sure some tardigrades have made it off of Earth, if by asteroid impact or hitching a ride on equipment. If any of them get hydrated, they can live again and start up their own colony.
I wonder if they made it to Mars, yet....🤔
And, what if we've already been visited by aliens, just really tiny ones...... 💚✌️😸
So what you are saying is that at some point in the future the tardigrades will return with Advanced UFO technology to reclaim their home planet. Am I getting that right? If so, I, for one, welcome our new squishy gel-like overlords.
so what your saying is theres a non zero chance for us to create "Moon Bears" 🤔 xD
They most likely ARRIVED AT EARTH 👽 ILLEGALLY OF COURSE 😂
Tardigrades are Love, Tardigrades are Life.
Figure out tardigrades and you can suspend humans so they can survive deep space travel for hundreds of years...
I don't think they're love. They're more into one-night stands.
And they taste good.
Back in the seventies a tardigrade turned me on to hummus
Male tardigrades also appear to be stalkers.
Cheers 🍺
Protecting and ensuring the spark of life I hear? Good little tardigrades!
Turning bugs into invincible gell is a really bad idea.
Happy New Year Wonderful Person Anton!
I'm a down low tardigrade fan. I'm so excited for this video. Thanks so much!
My favorite wonderful person talking about my favorite microscopic animal. 😊😊😊😊
Frogs have a similar biological action. When liquid water becomes solid, they enter hybernation with an antifreeze-type chemical pumped into their system. A little like the tardigrade's internal gel secretion.
And those spikes on the eggs look like legs.
Happy New Year Anton. Hope you and your family prosper in 2024. Thank you for the excellent and always informative presentations.
My uncle kind of looks like a tardigrade. He is a survivor as well.
💀
👽
Tardigrades have always fascinated me.
Anton, you’re a wonderful person yourself!
Water piglets are so amazing. Knowing they can potentially help humanity makes them all the better.
Tardigrades are awesome, I always love hearing new information about them. Cross-genetic super soldiers don’t sound like such a good thing though… 😕
Not a problem.
While hardiness, strength and survivability have all been vastly improved, they all came out about 4 inches tall.
@@dougaltolan3017 😂😂😂
It's a rite of passage for a young tardigrade to ride the mighty snail.
I really enjoy and appreciate your content. I firmly believe in the importance of learning something new every day. I've had a passing interest in waterbears for years. This has been intriguing. Thank you
So being tortured by humans is their reward for evolving into the most resilient species on Earth
Of all the animals on Earth, Water Bears are my favourite! They're amazing
Well there's a big difference between injecting a substance into a few cells, and being able to inject it into a larger more complex animal without it causing other problems.
Two Tartigrades climb on a snail and one says to the other, 'Hold on Ralph were going faster than light'.
Imagine those tardigrades yelling at those snails to slow down...
TY Anton for showing us what may become the first space colonists. 😂
One of my favorite creatures.
Thank you Anton for another mind blowing video. You Rock!
Love water bears/tardigrades/tiny teddy bears, and the tun state make them an awesome superhero of the microscopic biome. Great video, really enjoyed the closer look at this fascinating creature. Happy New Year, Anton!
If going into a state of extreme inaction for an extended period of time is a super power then call me captain despondent 😎
Happy New Year Anton and all!
Anton, our wishes to you for health and safety of you and your family, friends and countrymen, and for enjoyment of life we are given.
Thanks for videos that promote thinking about things other than money, politics, eace and war!
4:50 and they have mastered the *_'Doggy Paddle!!_* Scary!!
Aliens??
The radiation protection aspect could be very useful in long term space exploration for astronauts. There is much to be learned from these tiny super survivors.
Spacesuit spun from the carcass of a trillion tardigrades.
@@sunaglarecrim Actually I was thinking more along the lines of gene splicing or maybe even blood additives. But spinning their bodies into space suits is definitely an 'outside the box' thought.
I'm dead waterbears see's snail coming and are like "the bullet train is coming hold on to your claws Bois"🐌🏎️
Thanks Anton, Happy Festivus!
So... tardigrades are a proof of concept for the worm riders in Dune. Cool!
Water bears are my favourite animals ever . ❤️
Don't need food water or vet visits😂😉
Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. ☺️🙏
I have seen many of these with my microscope. Fun to watch.
Greetings from the BIG SKY. Mighty small critters you're talkin about.
Fun fact: like the koala , they aren't true bears
Aww
Really?
Happy New Year Anton, thank you for your interesting talks. All the best in 2024 for you and yours. Philip 🇬🇧
Holy fuck I never thought human beings and tardigrade had so much in common yet we're so jealous of their immortality.
Happy New Year, wonderful Anton!
Also called moss piglets
I live in New Hampshire where there is lots of water and moss. I am surrounded by a gazillion of them!
Happy NewYear Anton to you and your family. May you have a blessed year. I am looking forward to watching your very informative posts in 2024.
May all of the Wonderful Persons out there have a Happy, Healthy, Prosperous and Safe New Year. 🤗🤗🤗
Happy New Year Anton. Thank's for your talks. Best wishes for you and yours in 2024. Philip 🇬🇧
Thanks for your excellent work Anton. Happy new year and best wishes from Australia.
As always, Thanks Anton! Love your work. Happy New Year's!
Thank you for caring about us, Anton.
Tardigrades are also great at navigating through the Mycopian network...
We will soon solve the problems of radiation for space exploration perhaps? I love Tardegrades so much. Always fascinated me since my childhood.
Thank you for everything..especially staying honest
Thank you Anton for your detailed references and credits. You are the best!
Happy New Year Anton, and may 2024 be a wonderful year ❤️🔥👍
If perfected, this could be a form of preserving DNA in hazardous environments such as in outer space... what's important is that if you make a medium to preserve genetic information, you can also create a medium to repair information. If this protein were designed to be attracted to cells based upon their metabolic rates, it could go a long way towards naturally choking off the blood supply of cancer cells if given specific types of receptors only found in cancer cells to target, the key would be body temperature, once the entire cancer throughout the body was contaminated with the gel, you could cause the body to "tun" the cancer cells with macrophage attracting antibody modified chitin to kill the cells naturally.
That definitely can be done, Linked the gene under some specific promoter like promoter for stress respon protein and using optimize feedback system would allow that happen, like i did with mCherry
The pricetag of this cure must be held very high, otherwise the pharma-barons will treate the inventor as cancer ....
🚀🏴☠️🎸
Once you said repair I assumed immediately you would talk about living forever haha
Happy New Year to you and yours, Anton!🎉🎉🎉 Thank you SO much for your honest, interesting, funny testament to studious wonder ❄️💎💗🔥☘️
I wish you enjoy happiness wherever you can.
I learn the most interesting stuff on your channel! Thank you.
Happy New Year Anton .
Yes indeed . Tardigrades are an absolutely FASCINATINING little Animal . I can definitely see some of this research going into Cryogenics for sure .
Your videos and information are uniquely interesting . Thank you for this exposé on Tardigrades. May you have a healthy and prosperous new year, Anton !
Every now and then you come up with a gem
Once I got an "A" for being on time for every single class. That was a really good tardigrade.
Was that a joke ? 😉
You got full marks on retardigrade too. Hahaha 😂 just kidding.
Happy New Year Anton. that one desert tartar grade that's close up it almost looks like a mole with a giant claws and it's pointy snout and kind of like sensing appendages on the snout. I mean doesn't look like a mole to you? Co . Convergent evolution at its finest example.
Your communication is very clear and your channel has been a window into all kinds of content I didn’t realize I was yearning to learn.
When i get my financed in order i will def. Join.
Tardigrades are definitely my fave animal. An incredible little microbe
I think it was Scott Manley who did a breakdown of the likelihood that the tardigrades on the Moon might have survived. Based on some of the studies where we shot them into hard surfaces at high velocities, and factoring the velocity the lander crashed at, there's almost no chance that any survived the impact. They are tough, but not indestructible.
Captain Tardigrade: Defender of the Multiverse! 🤣
Happy New Year Wonderful Persons! 🎉
Whenever I find myself longing to have a Tardigrade of my own, I look around the yard and in the damp garage and realize that I probably already have lots of them!
Tardigrades have around 6000 genes, would like to see some reductive experiments on them like their doing with the bacterium experiment you’ve been discussing in your other videos
What is your source for the 6000 genes? That seems like a low total number of genes for a multi-celled organism. I think you may have misinterpreted or misremembered a report about tardigrade genes.
See ScienceAlert online article "The Tardigrade Genome Has Been Sequenced, And It's Even Weirder Than We Thought" NATURE 25 November 2015 By Fiona MacDonald
quote: "New research has shown that approximately 6,000 of the tardigrade's genes come from foreign species, which equates to around 17.5 percent."
So the article isn't saying tardigrades have 6000 genes, it's saying that many come from other organisms -- per the article, primarily bacteria, but also plants, fungi and Archaea. *17.5% is (roughly) 1/6th. So tardigrades would have roughly 36,000 genes.*
But -- there are thousands of tardigrade species, and some may have fewer genes.
You are right, I did misread it thanks, I googled how many genes do tardgrades have and saw the number with out read further on.@@marysueeasteregg
Not many people know this but Tardigrades are made of 90% marshmallows. They’re actually a close relative of the stay puft marshmallow man
Hmmm...I wonder why more people don't know that?
🤣
Peeps are a degenerate subspecies.
Experiments show they don't roast very well though. 😂
Tardigrads are related to Peeps. As we know Peeps are also immortal.
And they're related to the Pillsbury dough boy.
Tardigrade: I survive everything between getting boiled, frozen, exposed to vakuum, radiation, bullet acceleration forces ...
Snail: Hold my mucus!
Thank you for all your videos and happy new year 🎉
Ok, we know how these guys can survive desiccation and loss of atmosphere. This still doesn't explain how their cells can revive themselves in minutes after years of stasis.
The video did describe that. See the tun state description at 4:30. A protein within each cell's cytoplasm causes the cell contents to become suspended in gel whenever the water content drops, and the gel dissolves when the cells are rehydrated.
@@Liberty4Ever Yes, that's how they survive desiccation. It doesn't explain how cells can go for years without energy to keep them alive. When a cell's metabolism goes to zero, it normally dies. Without positive energy transfer in a cell, the cell undergoes apoptosis. That's the part I was looking for.
@@PrometheusZandski - Anton did mention that scientists put the gene that codes for that anti-freeze gel protein into insects and it conferred some increased survival but nothing like the amazing tardigrade. That's to be expected. It's almost never as simple as a single gene expression. Genetics are very complicated with a multitude of factors co-evolved to work together.
Anton stated that there is still much we don't know about the tardigrade's ability to survive for years in suspended animation, but I assume that their cells are expending essentially no energy as the entire organism becomes inactive. Admittedly, this isn't possible for more complex lifeforms as it's very different from the way our cells function, but tardigrades are apparently designed by evolution to be able to halt cellular metabolism, suspend all cellular activity, become completely inactive, then reanimate as soon as conditions allow them to function. It's a fascinating capability for a multicellular animal.
I've seen other studies indicating that tardigrades have enhanced cellular and DNA repair mechanisms which allows them to withstand radiation that would be lethal to humans. I initially wondered why they'd evolve that capability and then I realized that they're only half a millimeter long. UV radiation from the sun would penetrate a significant portion of their bodies. We only need some UV protection in our skin but tardigrades need UV protection for their entire bodies.
@@PrometheusZandski It's an interesting question as many critters can survive being frozen and thawed without any obvious damage.
@@PrometheusZandski Years is a very short amount of time if nothing is happening. Energy is the wrong way to look at it. We don't eat for energy. We eat to stave off entropy. Entropy is always happening because our cells are a fluid medium at relatively high temperature, and we need to somehow counteract that entropy. A desiccated tardigrade with all of its cytoplasm turned to jelly is experiencing about the same amount of entropy increase as a coffee table. We don't need to feed coffee tables, we expect them to last quite some time. Eventually, entropy would destroy the coffee table (or tardigrade) but on the order of thousands of years if nothing biological intervenes (termites or some tardigrade predator).
Let's GOOO new water beawr lore to close 2023, Happy New Years Anton!!! love your videos can't wait for a 2024 full of science weirdness
This video came out in 2024..............................
I’m happy this was my first video of 2024. Happy New Year!
Tardigrades, can survive space, heat, cold, pressure…just not snail mucus or being eaten by snails. Everything has its Kryptonite
And they can control Spore Drives in Star Trek Discovery.
The Tardigrades are the true alien cosmic voyagers
Yaaay! A video about my favorite animals to start the new year! Cheers and Happy New Year to you!
Happy New Year!! Wonderful Anton 🤘👍🖖
Thanks!
I believe that research into tardigrades and their abilities will eventually lead to proper human cryogenic sleep...
Tardigrades hitching rides on snails is 'Dune' in real life!
I can never get enough about tardigrades❤