Europe's Largest Cities Throughout History: Every Year
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 8 พ.ค. 2024
- An animated map of Europe's largest cities over time, from 1600 BCE to modern times.
0:00 Intro
0:44 Ancient era
1:12 Greco-Roman World
1:59 Middle Ages
3:54 Early Modern
5:01 Modern
6:46 Outro
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Notes
• You can view the data and source for this video here:
docs.google.com/spreadsheets/...
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Music
• Marten Moses - The Searchers
• Marten Moses - Public Tragedy
• Marten Moses - Hitchhike Homicide
![500 บาท สุ่มกินสตรีทฟู้ดริมทะเล หาดจอมเทียนพัทยา 8K [HDR]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/aZLagyZyQE4/mqdefault.jpg)
For those who missed the community post, the HRE video is still in production, and I will be continuing with it over the coming months.
A quick Q&A for this video:
Q: "Didn't Rome have 1 million people?"
A: Not within the area eventually bound by the Aurelian Walls, no, as this requires an implausible population density. It may have had suburbs beyond the walls, which take its population close to 1 million according to some sources. You can read more about this in the notes page of this projects spreadsheet, linked in the description.
Q: "Why are some estimates in this video different to the 2021 video about world cities?"
A: I used a different dataset for part of this video, which is more up to date and detailed, but only covers Europe. In most cases the variances are small, but in some cases (such as medieval Paris and Granada) they are more significant.
Q: "Why do the modern estimates in this video vary from what Google says?"
If you search for a modern city's population out-of-context on a search engine, you'll probably be given the population within the official city limits. This video's data is entirely based on urban area, which in some cases goes significantly beyond the city limits.
you include cyprus but not türkiye and rest of caucasus how weak from you... this is not all of europe only 90%
@@adnan_honest_jihadist5775 make your own vid then
One small mistake: in 2022 and 2023 all Ukrainian cities, including Kyiv and Odesa, were in population decline due to the outflow of refugees from the country.
@@gwynedd4023 if i could i would
@@user-uf2df6zf5w hard to track currently
I find it funny how Constantinople dissapears in the 1800s and then makes a sudden resurgence mid-late 20th century quickly becoming the largest city again
Location, location, location.
By the 1800s colonization had brought incredible prosperity to north western europe, but as the effects of colonization die down things stabilize back to natural levels
Call it Istanbul. You don’t see people calling London Londonia now do you?
@@kb-gj9lf the city was literally called constantinople until the end of WW1 when the new turkish state renamed it Istanbul
@@kb-gj9lf it was still called constantinople back then
most impressive thing is that the first city to ever reach 1.000.000 people was Rome, and it was only surpassed by London more than 1000 years later...
And for a good while inbetween, there were only some 30.000 people living in various villages around the area that used to be Rome and later became Rome again.
Also Baghdad reached 1m
@@Yora21 they were not villages it was actually a huge city for medieval standards. That's why it's on the top tho. You can see lots of medieval architecture in Rome still. Rome is called the Eternal City because it never stopped being one of the biggest and it never stopped being the first or still in the top 3 most important cities of the continent for 1800 years straight, until the middle of the 1500s circa.
@Melvil DE CASTRO we're talking about Europe here.
It is worth noting that many of those living in Rome were slaves, so population doesn't nessecarily equate to native population.
Facinating to see how the core of european population shifts from south to north over the centuries
The population booms in islamic cities are even more interesting
It’s because places like Italy, Greece, Persia, Egypt, etc. were geographically positioned in a way that resulted in numerous invasions from all sides, making it very difficult for their cities to experience growth post antiquity.
@@universetraveler5826 that's true for much of the middle ages, but during the early modern period the population of northwestern europe boomed thanks to the prosperity from colonization
@@jonathanpilcher337
Ya most trade and transport was done in and among the Mediterranean as that was what technology allowed and it led to a lot of prosperity, but as the Atlantic became accessible due to ship technology the population centres shifted north and west to the Atlantic coast which now had access to the entire world, not just the Mediterranean sea.
@@croisaor2308 granted in recent years the population has pulled back towards the mediterranean, probably due to the effects of colonization dying down
Rome was the first city in Europe to reach 1m residents and it didn’t happen again until the 19th century. People don’t realize how advanced Rome was
And it blinded them at the same time
The numbers for Rome definitely feel too low, same with some other cities. Rome never surpasses 1m in the video.
Naples is so underrated
It was representing Italy for most of recent history
I really appreciate the effort you put in these videos, and I love the city series.
The boom after the Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople and in the 20th century is so cool to see, history is so much refelcted in demigraphics
The boom in the 20th century was a bad one which was resulted by mass immigration from other Turkish regions plus after 1453 Constantinople was in stable position because before that it was plundered and sacked by crusaders
@@cazwalt9013 no it wasnt, turkeys overall population bommed there, you can see it in every single city at that time and even today
@@ArdaSReal adam hakli knk kırsal kesimden istanbul gibi şehirlere fazla göç oldu
@@ArdaSReal How much of that from rural-urban migration? Whatever the amount you’d figure they got a disproportionate amount in the capital and already largest city.
The research and detail you put into this is extraordinary. Thank you for you work!
The population of Palermo during the Norman era is far, far too low. Donald Matthew in his overview of of the Norman Kingdom of Sicily estimates it’s size at more than 100,000. This easily stands to reason since it was the hub of the Mediterranean.
Love Istanbul and turkey from Bangladesh ❤
you came back!
incredible job Ollie. I love how you show the population bubbles, the numbers and the different colours at different times.
The moment where the Black Death hit and everything shrunk gave me chills
It's amazing how (relatively) quickly the population levels fluctuate. I wonder if the people just all die when a city halves over a hundred years or if they're migrating somewhere else.
Those modern country markers aren't something I'm a fan of, but for the rest awesome video.
Your visualizations never fail to impress, amazing job Ollie Bye :)
Nice
What an awesome and informative video. Thanks!!
Indeed, this is a true brain-starter, in particular when you change the perspective.
Thank you Ollie!
Really appreciate your work, I love how you put each city as a circle that grows and declines depending on population and putting them into categories
I love how this map illustrates not only population but also lots of other details, like the color of the circle always represents the most relevant thing in that era. This map is probably one of the best imo.
The best mapper
Without doubt
Yes
We're lucky to have him.
debatable
@@Gorboduc luck doesnt exist
Except for obviously mixing urban areas with city limit figures at will ...
Super
Istanbul❤
this number are crazy
Hi from Rio, Brazil. If 350 CE - 1000 CE was displayed slowly too, the importance of Constantinople (Istanbul) would be EVEN greater!! Just WOW... Istanbul is the Eternal City in history, the only phoenix of world History, it never dies, and it's back again.. I don't get why this fact isn't recognized? Why people desperately try to hype Paris, Rome, London?
Constantinople/istanbul is well known as a major city in Europe. But it doesn’t mean other European cities like Rome are less important it’s all subjective
🔹Rome - the capital of the Roman Empire, and the capital of the Catholic Church being the seat of the pope, and probably the first city to reach 1 million inhabitants, even though in the 11th century after Rome fell the pope in Rome orchestrated the crusade and in a way indirectly reestablished romes rule in the levant.
🔹Paris. Is was the center of the European enlightenment which was one of the most important event in history. And was a major city as seen in the video as Paris consistently remain amongst the largest Europeans cites for the past 800 years.
🔹London is the capital of the largest empire in history. And is the first major industrial city. The first truly mega city as it was the first to reach 2, 3, 4 , 5 , million inhabitants. The first city to built a modern sewage system, first metro system, the first power grid system, etc etc etc making London the first truly modern city
Roma Caput Mundi
sometimes quality is more important than raw numbers.
China is cosistantly the largest country in the world. What did it acheive other than being invaded and the world's factory though?
Same thing with Istanbul.
@@arberor4597Constantinople is better and richer historically than the two rubbish French and British
@@frankhungchToday China is at the top and Europe is in a practically irreversible decline
This tutorial before proper content i amazing idea
Oooohh hell yes!
Constantinople is again in first place. Everything is like 1000 years ago! )))
where did you find population data for nowaday ?
UN Urbanisation Prospects (2018 revision):
population.un.org/wup/Download/
You can view it in a more human-friendly format in my Google Sheets spreadsheet, linked in the description.
@@OllieBye Thank you. Ah, I see
@@OllieBye how dyk you can trust UN?
Crazy how Ghent was once the third biggest city of Europe ...
I've been watching you for years, and you cintinue getting better every video! Your productions are a quick overveiw that ties together many historical events.
Constantinopla osea Istambul no se bajaba del top 6 hasta casi el 1900, 1600 añoa siendo una de las 6 ciudades europeas mas pobladas... i.presionante
Amazing work. Your content just keeps getting better and better, and I love it!
I like the visuals as well. Keep up the great work man!
6:09 The Spanish Miracle
3:23 Black Plague enters the Chat
buen video hermano
Russia moment author mistaken by putting Veliky Novgorog (Great new city in russian 220 000 peoples) instead Nizhniy Novgorod (Lower new city in russian 1 200 000 peoples)
London’s population is 8.9 million as of 2023. 9 million at most.
holy cow thats nice
His manners are immaculate
I have no beef with Turkish but the spam Nationalist comment are obnoxious
Very, like we get it the ottoman empire was successful for a time, so were a hundred other large empires throughout history
@@jonathanpilcher337Bro, %90 of the comments are nothing but celebrating Ollie's work. What are you two even talking about? Even scrolling down you can bately see any!
@@UEFAfan785 comment sections load different for everyone. I suppose I just got unlucky with a dozen turkish nationalists in a row lol
@@jonathanpilcher337 True, these Turkish "nationalists" vote for the worst parties in existence and still think they're feared.
Turks are Europe's Brazilians
There is no Volga Bulgar on the map. City of Bilyar. The total area of the Bilyarsky settlement, along with fortifications, is 6,202,000 m ². (without fortifications - 4,901,000 m ².).
Taking into account the posad, the area of the complex is about 8,000,000 m ², which makes it possible to classify it as the largest cities in the medieval world.
There are various estimates of the number of inhabitants of the settlement, up to 100 thousand people... Monument to the UNESCO civilization of nomads..
th-cam.com/video/IZ1lS2m-o24/w-d-xo.html
In the XIII-XIV centuries, Kazan experienced growth, became an important trade and political center within the Golden Horde.
I gasped when the black death came lol
how is granada not shown here? it was a massive city due to refugees from other parts of iberia
That issue is discussed in the research notes, which can be found in the description.
3:23 you can see how black death influenced so many countries and their population.
Yessss finally
Istanbul
If anyone wants to learn what Europe is, they have to start with Istanbul and Rome.
03:22 plauge go hard
Go on Manchester and Birmingham!!! Aw shit. Even London went down to 4th.
İstanbul flexin hard
Sarai on its way to beating venice:
The black death:
This was an interesting video. Loved it!
Edirne was more populated 500 years ago than it is now, what happened?
Османская империя пала)
İt was otoman empire's capital before conquest of istanbul so after we took control of istanbul we made it our capital so edirne lost its importance
Cyprus is Middle East not Europe tho. Other than that very good video, will have to like.
the post.. the post is real!
Oh boy that Black Death population collapse at 3:21, terrifying.
I dont get it. Where is Agartha, the ancient aryans and hyperborea
I live near knossos palace
Just realized Ollie came back after 4 months
Yeah, I spent a lot of that time working on the yet-to-be-released HRE video. This video was more of a side-project.
@@OllieBye hope the HRE project goes well, and have a nice day
Great work 👍👍👍
Epicness
Great work
3:42 but wasn't in your older video, Prague in 15th century 3th biggest city in europe, with 90 thousands population?
Yes, this isn't very accurate. In the 9th-10th century OHRID was the centre of Slavic literacy and religion and was one of the largest cities of the time yet it doesn't get a mention.
You forgot adding Nizhny Novgorod with population 1,2m (2023)
cool to see the Reconquista
Music is difficult to support
Was 3:23 the black plague?
03:22 Big oof when black death kicks in...
I like the fact that you separated Location with Culture (Color).
Growth: Kyiv, Odessa
Decline: Kharkiv
St. Petersburg was only called "Leningrad" in 1924, not 1917.
Petrograd from 1914 to 1924
Leningrad from 1924 to 1991 or 1993
And it reverted to St. Petersburg since then
Why changing names?
@@scarymonster5541 politics, of course
@@scarymonster5541 In 1914 it was changed from Sankt Petersburg (meaning Saint Peter's City in German/Dutch) to Petrograd (City of Peter in Russian) because Russia was in war with Germany.
In 1924, Soviets wanted to deal with everything associated with ,,old ways" so they changed it to Leningrad, in honor of Soviet leader Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov (a.k.a. Lenin)
[There were plans to rename Moscow to Stalinodar (meaning gift of Stalin), but thank God, that failed, even Stalin himself rejected the proposal.]
In 1991 or 1993, I'm not sure which year it was, it reverted to it's original name, Sankt Petersburg, or Sankt Peterburg, I'm not exactly sure how Russians spell it nowdays. When USSR and communism fell, there was absolutely no reason to keep Soviet name of the city.
@@professionaldriver77878 oh alright
Thank you for your work!!!
Do someone know what happened to Cordoba during the years 1000-1030 ?
@@alpayakay5454 Crusades in 1000 ? And Cordoba was pretty far from the "frontline"
@@bryaninvictus9530 Reconquista (718-1492), which I know as crusade, for 800 years, Europe had a work to kill in Europe Muslims. Divide and rule policy is used in accordance with the complete Christianization strategy of Europe, they cause a civil war in Cordoba and cause division in an event known as the The Fitna of al-Andalus (1009-1031).
@@alpayakay5454but the reconquista had not reach Cordoba at all in 1000 AD
@@alpayakay5454 You obviously don't know what you are talking about
The fitna of Al-Andalus, basically a civil war that ended the Caliphate of Cordoba and started the kingdoms of Taifas until the Almoravid invasion from North Africa.
From most of the biggest cities of Al Andalus the governors declared themselves caliphs and Cordoba was sacked at some moments
Oh, that black death hit hard
Interesting video.
Another great video to add to the Ollie Bye collection. All of the visuals, information, and data are all so pleasing to see. Excellent work!
Something happened in Istanbul after the 70s 😂
Industrial revolution and its consequences have been disastrous for the human race.
Well made!
Another great video mate
I really like your content
Keep them coming and I appreciate your hard work
Great video, very informative😊
RESPECT: THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR WORK!
Dude you have)Had huge settlments on blscknsea and in vincha about few thousand years ago in Europe..wtf dude
Keep posting 🔥
3:20 fleas ahh yes justice
The modern flags in this vid are a pain in the ass for every history nerd.....
lol
Pour Paris le chiffre est faux car il s'agit de Paris ET SA BANLIEUE... Paris uniquement c'est 2,5 millions d'habitants .
Amazing video!
1ce Rome just won the custody case against greece
The Battle of Manzikert paved way for the Turkification of Anatolia which laid the seeds of the Ottoman empire which conquered Constantinople ending Rome and triggering the Age of Discovery which shaped much of the modern world,... A battle can only be this impactful
Manzikert itself didn't cause that. If the Byzantines didn't have civil wars every 2 weeks then the Komenians would've restored the empire's rule.
The Crusaders conquered byzantiniun before t*rks.
@@Letnistonwandif why dont you like turks
We will come once again wait and see and this time the Balkans will also want us to come again. Just as their ancestors wanted our ancestors to come instead of the Cardinals...
@@berkantelgin cringe
The size of Naples was a shock for me
The most underrated city ever
Even in Italy people don't realize how big Naples has been for centuries...
And it has been also the biggest city of the Spanish empire
Been waiting for this so long!
1.5 thousand-year-old Kyiv was not even marked with a small dot. The capital of the largest medieval state in Europe.
It was shown though
very good video. Thanks 💛💛
Very good-looking Video! But i have one question: in the modern era, which City is the one in eastern France/southwestern Germany or northern Switzerland?
Could be Strasbourg. Also could be Geneva or Lyon.
@@TheZestyCar It's Zurich .
@@TheZestyCar it cant be Geneva. Geneva is a bit more south. From what it looks like, i would assume that it is Bern, Basel, Freiburg, Zürich or Strasbourg. Zürich seems the most likely, but than i dont know why Stuttgart (which has more inhabitans than Zürich) is not shown.
It's Strasbourg (France).
Why I can't find Ulm in 1444?
How's Constantinople Turkish in the 5th century?
The flags refer to the country they are in today.
@@OllieBye A flag of Rome or Byzantium would do.
Lwow as an orthodox city?
Uf, 1348 and the Black Plague...