Captain Breaks Down Flights That Changed How Pilots Handle Disaster | WSJ Booked
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 มิ.ย. 2024
- Pilots are given many tools to help them in worst-case scenarios - from quick reference handbooks to crew resource management. But how they utilize these tools can make or break an emergency. Some of the deadliest accidents in aviation history are often caused by communication errors as was the case with United Airlines Flight 173 in 1979 where 10 people died. But how have these issues improved since?
WSJ explores what pilots do when these worst case scenarios become reality and how safety protocols have changed over time.
Chapters:
0:00 In-flight issues
1:05 Pilot failure
4:00 How CRM changed crew hierarchy
4:37 How CRM saved United Flight 232
8:03 Flying becoming safer
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Correction: This version of the video misstates Captain Chesley Sullenberger's first name as Chelsea. We are in the process of updating this video.
Come on WSJ
AI narrator ?
Another issue "Flaps up, gear down ready to land". This is misleading, perhaps they were planning on doing a flaps-up landing but flaps are deployed (or put down) for landing, not retracted or put up.
@@bobgillis1137 No, just lowered standards in hiring.
not nearly the affront as having a depraved person portray him in a movie...
Omg, he's the guy from Air Crash Investigations. Basically my childhood right there for some reason
🤣 same
It’s my childhood and still they’re coming out with new episodes 😂 I get excited every time a new one comes out
I saw the thumbnail and heard the voice. HE IS HIM.
I see Mr Cox and I press play just because of Air Crash Investigation.
Oh yeah, I know what you mean. I think I’ve seen every one of the shows ever released-excellent stuff.
Most pilots recognized and solved the problem. But I like what Sully said about this type of thing. "Pilots should never be expected to compensate for flawed design." If there is a system that repeatedly fails to give accurate data to the pilot, that sounds like flawed design to me.
This is actually a really good maxim for industry and business in general.
Wow.. Flight 232. Outstanding co-op airmanship, despite the losses.
It was a group effort under an excellent leader. It's a miracle, really.
What’s even wilder is that Denny Fitch was absolutely the best person to have join the cockpit crew at the time. He had studied the crash of JAL123, still the worst single plane crash in aviation history. He was obsessed with trying to figure out how the pilots managed to keep the plane in the air so long and did a ton of practice in simulators trying to work it out. Because of this, he had literally the exact knowledge needed to help in the situation with the United plane!
Errol Morris interviewed Denny Fitch for his TV show "First Person" back in 2001. It is THE most harrowing and moving interview I've ever seen. Thankfully it's here on TH-cam: th-cam.com/video/nf33RDu_D6M/w-d-xo.htmlsi=0WvMikduxkfqMg_v
That first flight, WILD that the co-pilot got half the blame on that one. Telling your superior OVER AND OVER AGAIN that, "hey, we are running out of fuel" just for him to ignore it.
They didn’t make sure the captain understood the situation though. Yeah, the captain should have listened but if the copilot and flight engineer would have made sure he understood the fuel situation the plane would not have crashed. And the purpose isn’t to shame the pilots for their poor job, it’s to see how the accident could have been prevented.
@@jaydumon2784 Ignoring the problem of command hierachy, apart from starting to slap the Captain in the face not sure what more one can do other than REPEATINGLY showing and expressing the "THE FUEL IS RUNNING LOW". If I am in command and not only failing to understand that we are running low on fuel, but my subordinates tell me this OVER and OVER again. That crash is on me.
They aren’t “blaming” anyone. People will always make mistakes, so the procedures need to be robust enough to account for them. The fault is with the emergency protocol/checklist, since it did not account for things like “pilot was distracted and did not acknowledge low fuel warnings”.
This also happened to a Korean airline flight, with the captain ignoring the co-pilot due to “seniority”.
Even with the hierarchy at the time, how could the other people in the cockpit not be more forceful, since their own lives were in danger. They'd rather take their chances with a plane crash than challenge the captain?
CRM is fundamentally important in aviation safety. We've seen a few accidents occur because the pilots aren't working together. CRM has historically saved lives.
Society needs to take the hint and realize that maybe commercial aviation isn't the only place CRM might be helpful.
Aviation in general has a lot of lessons it could teach everyone else - when small mistakes leave a visceral, unignorable consequence like 300 corpses in a multi hundred million dollar hole in the ground, issues that might skate by in other industries quickly become critical problems that need to be solved immediately.
Surgery and medicine adopted the airline industry's practice of having checklists for everything, and massively cut down on the rate of complications and mistakes, and the fundamental principle behind CRM is so universally applicable and useful you might as well just teach it in grade school.
It’s not just a few. Some of the worst aviation accidents in history had lack of CRM as a contributor like Saudi 163, Tenerife, Charkhi Dadri collision, AF447.
The moment a pilot realises they probably won’t survive but they want to cause as few fatalities as possible is a peak humanity moment. Passengers on a plane suddenly become souls on board.
The number of souls on board is what ATC always asks in an emergency.
I write the number of souls on board on my takeoff briefing sheet every flight. Gotta ground yourself on what your ultimate goal is every time.
This comment immediately brought to mind the small jet crash on i-75 near Naples FL earlier this year. The three passengers survived; the two pilots did not.
@@Willaev my pilot pal says 'stay clam and carry on'
watched aircrash investigations since I was young, but now that i'm a student pilot, it hits differently
Me too. I also listen to a few podcasts (Air Safety Detectives, presented by ex-NTSB investigators - and Aviation News talk). I want to learn as much as possible about aviation safety, flying is as safe as you make it. I actually picked up a few tips, and one time when I messed up bad, I felt like it was worth it when I stayed calm and dealt with the problem, fixed it and carried on flying.
With Boeing being the way it is, we're probably gonna see a lot more Air Crash Investigation episodes soon 😅
0:36 Absolutely correct. There's a very important rule in aviation if dealing with problems on board. It's called "Aviate, Nagivate, Communicate", they are listed from most vital to least vital. Aviate = Fly the plane is the priority. Navigate = Be aware of your location and adjust if necesarry (high terrain, storms etc...), Communicate = Communicate with ATC (Say intentions, discuss your course of action etc...) Many times in aviation, professionnel pilots focused on Navigate instead of Aviate, a prime example being American Airlines flight 965, which crashed into a mountain in Columbia after the crew made navigating errors and experienced a case of "Get-There-Itis", basically a need to rush the descent and landing without taking the time to consider the feasibility of the plan and ended up crashing into El Diluvio.
"You would have to fly eveyr day for more than 100,000 years to be in a plane crash where someone dies"
Boeing: Hold my rivet gun.
The training check airman who came to assist, Dennis Fitch, had studied the 1985 crash of Japan Airlines 123 where a fatigue crack from an improper repair of a tailstrike resulted in the destruction of the tail of the plane and a catastrophic loss of hydraulic power and control where, despite the crew's heroic efforts, they crashed in a mountain killing all but four out of 524 onboard. He had practiced the scenario in a simulator after wandering if it was possible to control a plane in that condition using only throttle power. This helped save the lives of the 184 who survived United Airlines 232.
Airbus sheds $12 billion in market value after slashing guidance: on.wsj.com/3VZqogP
Time for me to pick up some shares of a great company at a discount.
What does slashing guidance mean
Captain John Cox big respect and greetings from Croatia
9:16 a friend was on the Hudson flight. He was a pilot commuting to work!
As a pilot, I wonder what his thoughts were about what was happening.
@@cremebrulee4759 i found out about it 2 years after it happened... By then he'd told the story so many times he didn't like talking about it. All he told me was he never got his luggage back, and an asisn woman kept his uniform blazer that he'd given for warmth out on the wing.
@@cremebrulee4759 but I'm sure he thought he was dead. He's at American airlines now.
“Let’s go to Teterboro”
“We can’t do it. We’re gonna be in the hudson”
😅
I live near the Sioux City area. A very dark day in our local history. I did not know how hard the crew worked to fix an impossible, desperate situation. They did the best they could.
More of these! Extremely interesting.
When professionals who have years of experience put their egos aside to take any help they can get from someone who is still learning, it's truly inspiring.
In many professions, sometimes the new blood have insights, and more up to date info than the more seasoned people. I know in my job I'm guilty of falling into habits, and what is comfortable. We NEED people fresh out of school to be around us in order to pull us out of those zones.
yES! that is a very very interesting topic, and it's a bit more complex than most ppl grasp for one main reason: the whole point of extremely routine work such as piloting is to resist getting too habit-prone in a mental sense, and also even much more importantly, to be of a personality disposition as to reduce ego to a bare minimum when working. But big btw, it really should be entirely normal (and not particularly inspiring i'd imagine) for long-experienced operators to take any help they can get, in fact, the whole point of being a mature professional is to exactly that type of operator, i.e., almost zero ego, per se, and the wisdom to know that the mind takes shortcuts and makes so sooo many mistakes! I'm a very technical person, and tbph, IF i had to choose between a modest quality pilot, and a true full automated plane (which may not exist yet) I'd pick the automation, probably. To err, is a normal human behavior.
Super informative, thanks for sharing! 🛫
Thank you. Share with a friend because that is what this was meant for.
The Legend from Air Crash Investigation
“What do pilots do when the worst case scenarios become reality?”
“Before we start, we would like to thank our sponsor for this episode, Boeing: If it’s Boeing, I’m not going”
YOUR OTHER PORTION IS AIRBUS, I BELIEVE THEY ARE FRENCH 🇫🇷
Boeing is still safe
@@DanielKolbinHMM, SECOND (2ND) PLACE SAFE.
@@PRECIADOR ?
@@DanielKolbinBOEING IS 2ND PLACE IN SAFETY
Really strong choice to pick flights 173 and 232. Even though the first one had far fewer casualties, the important lesson is how well or badly a problem was handled.
Absolutely. Had the same CRM been applied to 173, it would barely have made local news, if at all. Portland has parallel runways, so it wouldn't have even caused any delays (probably)
Thank you to every individual working in this extremely difficult condition and ensuring safety of passengers. THANK YOU.
John Cox is a legendary aviation investigator who has pinpointed and dissected a handful of crashes for decades. Pilots these days seem to be more tardy and reliant on fallible computers to fly which sometimes puts an aircraft in danger of crashing.
John Cox is always great!🙂👍
I love this video. Make more plz
Very interesting, thanks!
We appreciate your efforts. Keep it up.
Bringing it down is an important part of their job, though.
Will do.
we use aspects of crew resource management theory in Search and Rescue. Very interesting to hear about the origins of this process.
that account of hydraulic failure (and tail engine) was amazing - what heroic behaviour of all pilots. landing on hudson river was success when plane did not sink because heavy engines were gone.
Thank you for the great content! 🇨🇦
I'd trust Captain Cox to fly me anywhere in anything he deems worthy of his immense skills. He is a huge asset to the aviation community.
Captain Al Hayes was a good Captain. I met him when came to talk to us at Embry-Riddle. He passed away recently. Rest in Peace Capt Hayes. We ERAU Alumni carry on the values you gave us everyday we are in the flight deck today.
I heard him at a fly-in. He was embarrassed by pilots giving him a standing ovation. I respect his honesty in relating his mistakes and crediting his crew. I don't know how many captains could have made as good of a result.
Hey, I know that the dude from Air Crash Investigation.
8:40 It's Chesley Sullenberger, not Chelsea...
Thank you. How do they get such basic and important information wrong? It's pathetic.
I see John Cox I click the video
This is a well put together video about the topic. However…
I am a little surprised Tenerife wasn’t mentioned at all….. CRM as well as other Swiss cheese factors were a factor there.
Nicely done.
I could watch Sully talk for hours on end. So much information in one man
Wait is that the guy from Mayday Air Disasters?
Yes!
This was heartbreaking…
Wow good unique topic and video
Flow
As they say, Aviate, Navigate, Communicate. Fly the plane, make sure the plane is going somewhere safe, then tell somebody.
Captain John Cox. MAD RESPECT for this gentleman!
Awesome video. Captain John Cox did a great in explaining things.
Gold.
United 232 is a great example of when the universe does everything in its power to end you, but you are backed up by the absolute best of the best in skill, reason and resources. The fact most people survived is a miracle - they put pilot after pilot after pilot in the same situation in simulators and nobody had a survivable outcome. The crew up front teamed with the decisive and calm FA's are true heroes.
Number one is thanks to our LORD AND SAVIOR JESUS CHRIST. Always ask for protection when you leave home 🙏🏾✝️
LOVE to listen to Mr. Cox....
I remember the Sioux City crash, very well. My husband had to convince me to fly again. He was a young attorney, who worked as a mediator, between airlines and labor unions, and trains, and labor unions. He flew all over the US, and territories. He was one of the few people, that airlines would come back to the departing gate for, if the National Mediation Board needed to give him something. I recall them calling me, to come get a brief he would need. I'd have to get our children into the car, drive into DC, where his secretary would hand me a package, then I'd drive to National, (now, Reagan), get the childreb=n into the baby carriage and run to the departure gate. What a time it was, to be young, before computers.
ya the recreated scene from sully pretty much sums up the "what to do" part pretty well and in real time
I remember this crash in Portland I live in the Columbia river gorge my dad drove us by this crash the aircraft wasn’t totally destroyed like a lot of them for going through the trees like it did. It was amazing it held together. I was like 16 years old when that happened.
Capt Haynes and his crew are Hero s in my book
Unless you were in Coober Pedy in South Australia last week!! 2 individual plane crashes, 3 hours apart, one being fatal, one serious injury!
aah, good ol' capt john cox... 😁 you know time passes by when you realize the first mayday/aircrash investigation was first aired 21 years ago.. 😅
My how things changed since CRM was introduced The Captain now had to understand and respond to inputs from other crew members Which really is just common sense
CRM is good for aviation the same as DEI is good for business: bringing everyone to the table, and assuming everyone has relevant input to solve problems.
Wrong.
Being a non pilot When I saw what scully had done in 2 full min BRAVO.. no wonder he had to retire everybody wanted him as their pilot post accident!!!!
surprised WSJ doesn't put these behind a paywall.
NYT would have!
From a pilot - not bad.
..that's a complement, English understatement style :)
"Not bad" -
Brilliantly illustrated in the book "King Rat" after the fine meal of a black market egg and coffee.
..provided by the "King", an American POW, to a British officer POW.
its still the most dangerous form of travel, the heights, the speed, and the entire reliance on the pilot knowing what the plane is doing is too much... if anything wrong happens, the plane falls and crash along with hundreds of people, tons and tons of steel and machinery and of course large amount of fuel. the best way to know if a form of transportation has become so safe is when its possible to own and pilot that vehicle for yourself privately and everybody does it.
I too know that guy from Air Crash Investigation for quite a long time
To be fair CRM is handled differently around the world, for everyone saying it is important, yes, but I have read up on reports where CRM was ignored due to cultural reasons or a power dynamic at play despite the pilots going through a course on it, for example, Korean Air Cargo Flight 8509 where cultural expectations meant CRM was taught but not followed due to the first officer feeling like he could not speak up to his much more senior captain due to Korean culture playing a factor, despite knowing something was wrong, or cases in the US where flight crew don't feel able to speak up due to a captain who has been at the airline longer or is older than the F/O
Per mile travelled, commercial flying is over 50 times safer than driving your domestic car. Considering that airliners are cruising at 30,000 ft and 500 mph this is a mind-boggling achievement by the industry.
The first name of the captain at 8:42 is Chesley rather than Chelsea.
Yes! So unacceptable that they get that wrong.
So United flight 232 was even luckier than they said. the test pilot that was on the plane happened to have a personal obsession with Japan air flight 123, which was a very similar incident where the loss of a pressure seal blew off the real stabilizer and severed all the hydraulic systems, leaving the pilots to desperately fight for 30 minutes as the plane went in to fugoid cycles(where the plane dives until it picks up enough speed that the natural aerodynamics and shape of the plane cause it to nose up, which makes it stall and then go into a dive, repeating the process over and over kind of like a dolphin swimming, and death spirals before it finally crashed into a mountain, becoming the single deadliest crash in the history of commercial air travel. This test pilot had become obsessed with it and he had run thousands of simulations, a lot of it on his own time, trying to see if the plane could have been controlled. That’s where he developed the strategy of using thrust to steer. Of all the test pilots to happen to be a passenger on that flight, there he sat, the one man in the world who had the exact knowledge they needed.. Pretty amazing luck.
Boeing recently added protocols for "Door falls off" and "plane nosedives itself" to the quick reference handbook.
Boeing is a sad example of changing priorities.
My heart breaks when everyone sees what has happened to Boeing. People who are more fixated on profits rather than safety have taken over the company.
"How much fuel we got Frostie🍦"
-Said the Captain
It's all good if you have more than one pilot. If you're by yourself, stay calm, and know the aircraft limits, and then if time permits, checklist -checklist-checklist..........
Yet many of us who are professional pilots know people who have died in accidents.
The initial statement that you'd have to fly everyday for 100 000 years to witness a crash is bizarre to me, because obviously you could only say that given you do this you have some probability of witnessing a crash, but what that probability is, is very unclear to me, 50%? Seems like a reasonable choice, but to me 100 000 years seems pretty soon for a 50% chance. A way higher probability than I would've expected, given how safe flights are described as typically. That'd mean that every three thousandth or so pilot would witness a deadly crash in their careers. Seems pretty high to me
Eyyy, I've seen him on Mayday.
2:22 is that an error? You meant flap down right?
Details, details. Journalism is pathetic these days. Accuracy doesn't matter anymore.
This video was made for all Boeing passengers out there 😂
😂😂
From a pilot,
It's safer to sit in the back of a Boeing aircraft for one year straight, 8766 hours,
..than drive 1 hour with you, me, or anyone.
Each month, the FAA operates over 1.2 million flights
....a good hunk are Boeing.
Therefore, the spotlight on Boeing is a classic case of "If if bleeds, it leads"
Boeing has fixable issues. Including its awful business practices with suppliers.
The culture did take hit since it absorbed bean counters from McDonnell Douglas in 1997.
@@MarcPagan Boeing bot identified
The sully event was extraordinary! I was at the time driving the 320 Bus and shook my head thinking this guy is superman, so calm! Let’s not forget his coey, JS, he got little recognition after the event, sadly! The movie? Well that was hard to watch,mainly cause Hollywood made a mess of it!🤮
THATS NOT JUST ANY CAPTAIN THAT IS THE JOHN COX!!! WE LOVE JOHN COX! AND GREG FEITH!
2:20 Flaps are down for landing, not up.
They aren't too concerned about accuracy, are they? They got Capt. Sullenberger's name wrong, too. WSJ standards are slipping.
@@cremebrulee4759 obviously the video was done by a intern..
I wish our Government worked as efficiently as the airline industry. Even though it is not a perfect system shown by some recent mistakes by Boeing safety is taken very seriously and when tragedies do occur everything possible is done to make sure it doesn't happen again and knowledge is gained as to how to avoid repeating it. Our goverenment learns nothing from its mistakes and only makes them worse by doing the same things and expecting different results.
Aaaand I just flew through the one most popular US company and this was maybe my 4th flight where I had to put emergency masks and we had to do emergency landing, talking about the luck maybe should play a lottery if you say 100 years until someone dies in the plane every single day fly with the plane it has to be something special about it 🤣
I don't fly that much ... but I've been in 2 commercial aircraft that caught fire in flight
Captain John Cox must be related to Morgan Freeman. These guys never age!
If I want to know something about aviation, the WSJ is not the source I turn to. Also like any other news maker.
I've also heard the statistic that you're much more likely to be killed by the cosmic radiation during a flight than in an accident.
7:20 - - 250 mph (80 mph too fast); 170 mph = top speed to land
8:11 - - 1904 - - mid 1930’s - - Airline Pilots Association founded - - 8:31
8:40 - - Cpt Sullenberger👨🏼✈️ lost both engines from bird strikes @ 3,000’
I doubt that the people who have been on flights where someone died didn't fly every day for a hundred years.
Dear Captain, What part of we are running out of fuel don t you understand, Several times
HUGE !!! ✈️🛩️🛫👩🏿✈️
Too bad Boing doesn't have the same safety culture as its pilots.
They used to. They were the best.
Ready to land would be flaps extended & gear down.
John Cox looks familiar.
TV air disaster shows.
Hes got the investigators mo lol
All this progress and the Being come along and screw the pooch 😞
Boeing used to be the best, too. They stopped focusing on safety, possibly after the merger with Douglas.
@@cremebrulee4759 tbh a LOT of well-informed people are pinning this on mindsets imported from McDonnell, so that could be a good observation
0:51 If I were a pilot I’m sticking to Paper instead electrical viewing of the checklist.
Not me.
I transcribed all of my company checklists into ForeFlight on my iPad.
No more losing my place. Can be electronically read if needed (especially with emergency or abnormality in a single pilot plane). iPad dies? I have another iPad plus my iPhone with the same checklist on it or the paper one if I absolutely need it.
I no longer understand this Boomer obsession with….. paper. Like my bank needed my tax information. One company I worked for sent out all paper tax forms and it took forever to find. The other company I work for does it all electronically and I found it on my phone in 2 minutes. I now scan absolutely every important document I can into the cloud so I never need to find it again.
Thank God for CRM
As bad as the odds are someone always wins the lottery.
S/O Pilot DeBrief & 74Gear.
Pilot Debrief. Yes!
74 Gear? No!
What a gross misrepresention of mathematical odds.
that mustache dude is gonna die and no one is gonna know how planes work 😅
Whatever you do, don’t google black box audio recordings from plane crashes! Just don’t! You did it, didn’t you?
Hits different when watching as a pilot
I sold a house to someone who claimed to be Sully's copilot for a few flights. That's my claim to fame.