In this video, we will explain Retrosynthesis of an alcohol (Retrosynthetic Analysis). This is the tenth example from the series of videos of Retrosynthesis. This organic chemistry video tutorial focuses on multistep synthesis reactions and retrosynthetic analysis of different organic compounds. In this video Retrosynthesis (Retrosynthetic Analysis) of acetal and alkene will be carried out.
One of the new skills you want to develop is to figure out how a particular compound can be made. This involves "thinking backward": analyzing what key bonds are present in the target molecule and recognizing what reactions you know that will make one (or more) of those. Usually there will be more than one solution, and your task at that point is to select the one that is likely to give the highest yield with the least effort; issues like hazards and waste also factor in.
Retrosynthesis of alcohols (Retrosynthetic analysis) is fairly straightforward. The oxygen-bearing carbon (I'll call this the carbinol carbon) has four bonds to it, and any of the four might be appropriate targets for a synthesis. Let's look at this example.
The constant goal of a retrosynthetic analysis should be to reduce the molecule to similarly sized building blocks of lower or similar complexity. This simplification should be continued until you reach molecules which are commercially available. The two main operation of a retrosynthetic analysis are: 1) Functional group interconversions (FIG) and 2) bond disconnections. Functional group interconversion (FGI) Many functional groups can be interconverted into each other, e.g. oxidation of an alcohol gives an aldehyde, further oxidation a carboxylic acid. Many organic transformations can be used to do FGIs. Carbonyl groups are particular useful in this respect. The reactivity of the carbonyl group can be masked during synthesis as double bond (ozonolysis for FGI into aldehyde) or dioxolane until needed.
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