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Derik Frantz
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 19 ก.ย. 2019
Generation and Reaction of a Grignard Reagent
In this video, I demonstrate a method to generate a Grignard reagent (phenylmagnesium bromide) and show its reaction with a ketone to form a tertiary alcohol.
มุมมอง: 10 231
วีดีโอ
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Styrene
มุมมอง 4.7K3 ปีที่แล้ว
In this video, we perform a two-step hydroboration-oxidation procedure using styrene as reactant. We see and discuss all of the steps required in the reaction setup and workup, and we analyze the product(s) of the reaction by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Steam Distillation of Cloves
มุมมอง 44K4 ปีที่แล้ว
Steam distillation is a great method for isolating natural oils from many plant-based sources. In this video, I demonstrate how to perform a steam distillation of clove powder to isolate eugenol-the compound that gives rise to the unique odor and taste of cloves. NOTE: NMR confirms that the oil obtained from steam distillation is quite pure eugenol, with some small peaks that appear to correspo...
Synthesis of 2-Butoxynaphthalene by an SN2 Reaction
มุมมอง 6K4 ปีที่แล้ว
In this video, I carry out a chemical synthesis of 2-butoxynaphthalene (from 2-naphthol) via an SN2 reaction. Theory, setup, workup, and isolation of the product are shown and discussed. Extent of reaction and purity of the product are analyzed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC).
Recrystallization
มุมมอง 49K4 ปีที่แล้ว
Recrystallization is a powerful method for purifying solid compounds. In this video, I give a brief overview of the technique and demonstrate how to carry out a recrystallization of an unknown organic compound. Purification of the compound is then confirmed by TLC. This experiment is based on a procedure described in the CHEM 216 Lab Manual, which was prepared by several members of the organic ...
Mixed Melting Point
มุมมอง 11K4 ปีที่แล้ว
All solid compounds have a melting point, and measuring an unknown compound's melting point can help you determine its identity (as long as you have a known sample of the compound for comparison). This video demonstrates this technique. This experiment is based on a procedure described in the CHEM 216 Lab Manual, which was prepared by several members of the organic chemistry faculty at Cal Poly.
Chair Structures of Cyclohexane and its Derivatives
มุมมอง 4544 ปีที่แล้ว
In this video, I show how to draw chair structures (and explain why they are drawn the way that they are), discuss the chair-flipping process, and demonstrate how to evaluate substituted derivatives of cyclohexane.
Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC)
มุมมอง 8K4 ปีที่แล้ว
In this video, I discuss thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and use this technique to examine how effectively a chemically active extraction separates an organic acid from a non-acidic compound. This experiment is based on a procedure described in the CHEM 216 Lab Manual, which was prepared by several members of the organic chemistry faculty at Cal Poly.
Chemically Active Extraction
มุมมอง 10K4 ปีที่แล้ว
In this video, a crude mixture of organic compounds (one that contains a carboxylic acid and another that cannot be deprotonated in water) is separated by chemically active extraction. The video also shows techniques to isolate the pure compounds after the extraction. This experiment is based on a procedure described in the CHEM 216 Lab Manual, which was prepared by several members of the organ...
Rules of Solubility in Water
มุมมอง 10K4 ปีที่แล้ว
This experiment examines the rules of solubility (for organic compounds) in water. This experiment is based on a procedure described in the CHEM 216 Lab Manual, which was prepared by several members of the organic chemistry faculty at Cal Poly.
Simple and Fractional Distillation
มุมมอง 41K4 ปีที่แล้ว
!!! ERROR ALERT !!! At around 8:00, I draw a green line to indicate the temperature as the distillation takes place. I draw the green line beginning at the bottom of the y-axis, then ramping up to 81 ˚C. THIS IS INCORRECT. The green line should begin at 56 ˚C, not at the bottom, in all of the cases shown. This video discusses and demonstrates the setup of a simple distillation and a fractional ...
Introduction to Resonance
มุมมอง 5655 ปีที่แล้ว
This video is an introduction to the topic of resonance and is designed to supplement a sophomore-level organic chemistry course. Important post-production clarification: at 35:25, I mention the common error of introducing unnecessary charge separations in resonance structures. If a molecule has a single charge, you probably don't want to draw resonance structures with three charges. Structures...
You are a master! Thank you.
Perhaps using isopropanol as a medium can further increase the reaction efficiency. As a result, ethyl butyl ether may be formed due to ethoxy. great work. Also, if you make a video about using TLC, we would enjoy watching it.
Amazing demonstration!!!! I am ready to perform this experiment next week thank you sooooooo much
Wonderful video ☀️
thanks bro helped a whole lot
This is the best TLC tutorial. Thank you so much!
This is the best tutorial for TLC. Thank you!
Yeah this does make sense. The big bag I have glows…as do bottles of LSD iv coveted in the past. Obviously not on their own I mean under UV…I bought a torch for this reason!
Isn’t the DCM called the stationary phase? Can I ask what TLC plate you used? it doesn’t look like you used a glass silica sprayed plate….
DCM is a solvent that flows through the silica stationary phase. Stationary phases don't move, solvents that move through a column or on a TLC plate are called the mobile phase. Its common to use silica 60 aluminium backed plates as opposed to making your own; this is likely what the publisher is using, best of luck with your art!
@@R00K1 yes I was talking about TLC - I just messed up all the phrases of phases (look at that I’m a rapper). I annoyingly bought these massive TLC plates (200x100mm), already sprayed with silica and am usually testing tryptamines to see when a reaction is done. I do not have the money to buy more, smaller ones but I often see people performing TLC on some sort of paper (not necisarrily for tryptamines) and am just wondering what the paper TLC is used for? Can you test the same things - essentially I’m trying to understand why you need silica gel backed glass, as opposed to other times I have seen people using paper for TLC… As for collumm chromatography, it’s not something iv utilised yet but the theory is the same right? Different compounds travel through the stationary phase at different rates and therefore by running an impure sample through it - followed by solvent, the side product will seperate from the compounds you want… Pretty sure this is correct and I have learnt a little. I do know the ‘developing solution’ is different for tryptamines something like 100:25 DCM:acetone or something - that’s for TLC, not collumn chromatography
@@Aldertonartco the backing for TLC plates isn't important usually, unless your compound reacts with it; aluminium is usually cheaper though. If you get the big 200x100mm aluminium backed ones you can cut them up with scissors or a sharp razor blade into more manageable sizes. People usually prefer using silica TLC plates as opposed to paper for three main reasons: 1. they're stronger. 2. they're usually doped with a fluorescent salt so you can see your spots under a UV light. 3. You can dip silica plates in different staining solutions to better visualize your spots whereas paper would dissolve. The solvent mixture you're referring to is your mobile phase and assuming you're running silica plates, and silica in your column the solvent mixture would likely work for both.
@@Aldertonartco Also TLC and column chromatography work on the same principals, just different setups and use-cases
@@R00K1ah ha - now THAT was the answer I was looking for! Okay yeh that makes a lot of sense. I had a feeling it would have been to do with the whole fluorescence thing…didn’t think of the fact they are stronger. Makes sense. Okay so I just bought a glass cutter and am cutting the 200x100mm big plates Into 5x smaller ones that actually fits into my beakers with watchglass on top. Thanks for explaining that - given I’m working with tryptamines, it makes sense why everyone suggests the glass silica sprayed ones because otherwise I doubt you would be able to see the results!
Can I ask what those frame clamps are called and where can I get one? Or do people make them? You don’t usually see chemtubers have the frames - they usually struggle like me with portable clamps. I take it they go through the bench and are secured from below the worktop?
They're sold as slotted lattice connectors; lab lattice supports are usually secured to the walls and floor of the fume hood
@@R00K1 this makes sense - my own setup is simple and rudimentary, however, does the job. I could use a few new things but still. I have learned reagents are really everything - I don’t know why I assumed all I’d need is glassware, heaters stirrers and solvents! By this point I know iv bought quite a few fairly pointless things but also I can do what I need with what I have. At the moment at least. Also with regards my own rxns I’m running tbf I’m not sure how different the ‘glow’ under UV light is between the tryptamines im trying to produce and the annoyingly fluorescent beta-carbolines that can be the side product or full product if the temperature is too high making the reaction swing the wrong way. You know when you’ve extracted your methanol and it still REALLY glows Under UV you’ve probably gone wrong! Ha or that’s what I think haha happened. There is a name for the type of RXN but It escapes my admittedly benzo riddled brain (although I’m getting there now - it’s slow as fuck)
Would you not logically look up the solubilities of each compound in each solvent in the literature and do an excel spreadsheet?
Can i ask, as an amateur chemist, what software that was that you could draw the box around it and connect the molecules? Im an artist and have been looking for ways to incorporate chemistry into my work….this would be REALLY USEFUL!
Derek, you are handsome! It was very cool to remember my work in the organic chemistry laboratory in St. Petersburg, Russia. It's a pity that I'm no longer a chemist...
is there any way to complete the last step without a rotovap?
well done easy to follow
I know this guy's dad!
Please help me 🙏 I'm confused in the distillation method, Exactly when taking pure substances I deliberately used a sample of medicine that had 5 ingredients in it, after I finished extracting it, then I filtered it and got the residue & filtrate. But I'm confused about how to separate the purity of these substances using the Distillation method, even though I have recorded the boiling points of the 5 substances, here are the boiling points: Substance A > Boiling point: 400 °C Substance B > Boiling point: 260°C Substance C > Boiling Point: 379 °C Substance D > Boiling point: 520 °C Substance E > Boiling point: 232 °C For example, if I want to get the purity of substance B, how do I do it ?? 🤔🤔🤔 Who knows, someone might be able to tell, 🙏
Thaks a lot for your that very interesting video. Unlike others on youtube you pay full attention to the procedure, not only to the results of any step of the reactions. I like that. It is like I am with you in the lab...
crystal clear explanation i really appreciate that sir
This was a really great introduction to distillations! I've seen several different chemists explain "distillations 101" & this was the only time where care was taken to show the finer points of setting up the apparatus, the types of glassware to be used (and their functions) & the differences between the two types of distillation.
Great video. One question I have is why do you salt the distillate with sodium bromide? Is eugenol reactive with the standard salts used to increase the density of the aqueous phase?
At 10:00 just because a substance dissolves at room temperature, it doesn't mean that it can't be recrystallized by cooling it, or crashing it out with another solvent.
Good work
Amazing chemistry lesson on recrystallization. Thank you for helping me understand this topic.
great loved it😇
Hey! I was setting up a grignard with 2-bromopropane and I did not use the glassware setup you used and used THF instead of ether. I also did not put it in an hot water bath after adding all of the haloalkane. For some reason the reaction did not seem to go. Any tips?
Great Video!!! Wish I could work with you some day
Wonderful,good video,like thank u
Can we use this for supercritical distilation of ambrette seed to extrate essntial oils,if yes cost pls
Love from payal ma'am
Aeee enomatic
Wouldnt it help to squeeze all of liquid from cloves and then start with destilation?
So brilliant, thank you.
Is rushing the science for the sake of the video.😮 Start at a low rolling boil and increase when needed.
Thank you so much sir,it is very helpful sir ❤️😀
I hate Aerosmith and the chemistry class or community is being disrupted by the terrible music
Thank you so much .my question is : if i have two reactants and one product and i did TLC for three spots, and i use mobile phase if i found product have two spots one with one reactant and new spot. Is this reaction was completed and succeful and if yes how can get my compound?
Please add english subtitles
I really like your presentation of the topic! So clear and understandable, thank you so much!
That whole set up has a ventilation system.. right.
Yeah, it is not a closed system. It is open where the distillate drips out.
@@derikfrantz3141 I was going to buy a little one but was trying to figure out how to ventilate it. Either the bathroom fan or over a stove but my stove is electric so I don't have a fan over it.
Many thanks for the video. I have one of the simpler techniques th-cam.com/video/K5U03qbW5vU/w-d-xo.html plz watch and comment your opinion.
Thank you👍🏻💐
Thank you so much Sir. This was so helpful!
i am confused. you used a mixture of acetone and cyclohexane. In the end, the bulb was empty. So did you get the same mix-out that you put in? Because half of it should have been left in the bulb - the cyclohexane part.
Thank you very much for your informative videos. Any possibility of a vacuum distillation video in the future?
Thank you so much for this video, It has helped alot in my labboratory work. All your work has helped me, I am forever in debt professor. Bless you!
Thank you very much
Would you answer?
Hello Dr. Derik, i just want to ask you about concentrating a 41% nitric acid solution by adding mangnesium nitrate (dehydrating agent) using a simple distillation : first we maintain temperature at 100°C (temp of water ebullition), collecting the half fraction which contains mainly water and raise temperature and collect a concentrated solution. Can we do that? Thanks in advance.
I can't properly answer that, but I will say this: If you want to maintain a steady 100° C, use a double-boiler. If you don't know how, ask any cook.
great video indeed but i'm wondering about a few things. could you elaborate more on how you decide the quantity of magnesium sulfate, sodium bromide etc... that ur adding along the process. i'm sure they come from some calculation. would be great to have some detail about that. also the last phase involves a rotary evaporator which is unfortunately an expensive piece of equipement (a few k$). is there any alternative to using that, even if it takes much longer? (i guess leaving it a large amount of time in open air would make the job but not sure really...). sorry for the somehow naive question but i'm pretty much new to that. cheers
Why is the neck of your flask so small?