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Why not the hull all in titanium ?

I find it really strange that there were no lateral braces between the 'domes'... oh they were doors.

The safety record of submersibles in general has been exemplary. The decisions of other builders has obviously been better than the build undertaken by Mr. Rush. Jordan Petersen said "Most ideas are wrong." I was working with Archie and the rig he was trying to make work was not working and would not work so I said to him, "You can't stay married to this rig." Stockton was married to the idea that carbon fiber could do the job when it could not. In aviation the engineers became aware that materials wear out after so many hours. The pivot bolt for rudder of a DC-6 takes all day to change. One of the best days of my life was spent changing it. In aviation parts are tested till they fail. A novel that tells the story of how these standard operating procedures and best practices came about is "No Highway" by Nevil Shute.

Money ruled as in most cases. Sad. No science needed

Very good video.

I couldn’t understand 3/4 of what he was speaking. Could there not be someone who can speak fluent English without that heavy Indian accent? My god

Annoying voiceover. I had flashbacks of calling tech support.

Yes, there were probably voids in the bonding since we saw no evidence of squeeze out...but that's not so important because of the high compression press into the core. This is the most-probable single point of failure: In addition to being a material fundementally unsuited to compressive stress, A unidirectional tow strip is the only fiber the Spencer Composites video shows hooped😮 around the mandrel; only some was the design provision for 90 degree fiber. Thus, given water's injection into the motly unidirectional structure, the hooped fibers were displaced laterally, wedging them and progressively splitting the tube. This tube material, only ever seriously used in tesion, never primarily in compression,was so fundamentally ill conceived that it sickens all competent composite engineers and fabricators.

The other day The Angry Astronaut interviewed the scientists working on the how and what is needed to have an outpost on the Moon. th-cam.com/video/88k470wS_4M/w-d-xo.html I had to point out that no one said that if we plan to live on the Moon, the habitats must be underground. The massive lava tubes seem to be the ideal place. We will have natural radiation protection and the temperature won't change as much. We just need to get there already! I mean underground that may be more difficult to bore through on the near side of the Moon. According to the Chinese findings from the regolith of the far side is fluffy, I think I read. @ th-cam.com/video/2T9xyXeVwTk/w-d-xo.html

Can't understand a word he says.....

I would be interested in your analysis of the efficiency and carbon imprint of EV’s - eg if the power is coming from fossil fuels. There’s going to be some kind of loss in the extra step compared to burning the fuel directly in a combustion engine, but if the electric motor is much more efficient than a combustion engine it might still be better. Do you think there’s any benefit if the electricity is coming from 100% fossil fuels?

All models are wrong. Some are useful.

So carbon fibers have great tensile strength, less compressive strength. Rush should have known this and probably did, but he was greedy and narcissistic, so he thought he could get away with ignoring the laws of physics. He actually believed his own bullshit.

Okay so you take a giant mirror to the moon and USE that as a way to melt the regolith via the Sun!

As people mentioned below, with "normal" materials we can convert 300-400% of an applied electricity into a heat with a heat pump. But with a carbon, which is a heating element at the same time, that percentage will be only 100%

When you talk about the inflatables are you thinking material like rubber and mylar? They use kevlar and other materials that are designed to resist cutting and puncturing and include self heal technology to seal holes. These things are designed against micro-meteorite infiltration. I think they can handle jagged rocks in loose regolith.

I think peanut butter glue blew out

I’m not a engineer but I fix stuff. Rush made crap with his hands. Crap, I’m telling you.

You're great ❤

Someone open the hatch 😅

I believe the best way is to build underground, either in Lava tubes or using electrical powered excavation equipment.

If you look at the end caps as they were brought up. You can see where the lips of the cap that went over the hull ends where blowen off. This is interesting. May be a clue to the failure point.

The fiber was layed down by a fiber placement CNC machine. The placement could not have been layed down incorrectly. The problem here was failure to test this design under 3 to 5 times the anticipated maximum outside pressure, and the failure to test for fatigue, running that test for at least 2 lifetimes.

This was purely due to arrogance. I don't want to say its karma.. but it surely is for the man who thought he knew better... I heard someone say, "Anyone that would choose these materials was too stupid to be down there." And everyone says, "Oh who cares?! They were billionaires!" Regardless of status, that was still people and a kid that was probably tortured telling himself, "I knew it. I knew i didnt want to go on this." Imagine being a 19 yr old kid thinking that for 20 minutes before you pass away...

Where titan made mistakes, I assume, is not knowing the limit to the number of dives possible before wear and tear sets in.

Why does the model have a tail rudder if the guy said they know how to control yaw with vents located at the nose? Why not a smaller tail or increasing raise edge with vents.

This is the engineer that got fired for saying carbon fibres is not strong enough

I am no rocket scientist but why can't we use the rocket thrusters for this

China has no problems of building the base in the moon !!! With technology n money, China can soon build it

You are about the design of the craft. Titan was descending more than twice the speed per meter. Too fast for safety reasons. Then they should have realized to stop and return to the surface... Once Titian realized it had a problem, the sub could not return to the main vessel because of electrical issues. By then the sub already had water into the battery and electronics that control the motors... Once the crack had started... the game was over... So sad... =)

With the frame of Titan being made from carbon fiber but the front snd rear being made from something different both materials would flex differently when subjected to force. An absolute disastrous decision not to make the entire sub from a metal.

Right off here something that got my attention is that the carbon fiber hull was only 5 inches thick. That just sounded very inadequate. Why not 8 or 10 inches.

unfortunatlly, you have failed in this assingment, and there is why: you didnt understand the loading. you have equal pressure from each side and tubular space you would like to protect- bare with me, we are still analysing, we will get to the material later... so, you have pressure on the surface of the tube, which is a lesser of the problem- bigger is the same pressure being exerted on the tube sides- what appears to be an axial force running along its lenght: two half domes at both ends would in theory transfer the pressure on tube edges- and that is where the problem is- there is nothing to receive it. we can consider carbon fiber in this case to be a composite material- fibers are applied in certain fashion, but bonding material is the key, what is it- think of concrete, it is good with pressure but cannot withstand tension- hence reinforcement. if we have a homogenous slab, with no beams- than reinforcement has to go in both cardinal directions within its plane. same is true for carbon fiber. in this case "engineers" and "innovators" should have tried to criss- cross it, to create some sort of cage hoping to achieve enough structural strength- to avoid applying force along side fiber axis or straight across it- spatial structures comes to mind. moreover, thickness is just making the problem worse- its own moment of the inertia within cross section is creating a havoc. one thing you got right: fibers in general are good for tension only- you dont have to think of reinforcement, take wood: perfect for tension, not very much so for pressure, unless the size of the cross section is proportionally bigger to its lenght to avoid deflection, one thing that caused this "submarine" to fail- if it actually happened at all. if they were serious, they could have tried to apply pre-made sheets of carbon fiber, not very thick, just wrapping it around in spiral fashioon- paper tubes are done in the same fashion? there is also question of thermal dilatation- lets say between two materials, titanium and carbon fiber: fiber may be inert, but steel is certainly not? than- does carbon fiber becomes brittle under conditions of high pressure and low temperature- sure it does, more especially because of contradicting state material is in: increasing the pressure rises the temperature? if this is not understood, no "computer model" will help you- remember: there was the world before computers, most of it is still standing... however, being an young engineer, thread carefully- diploma or degree means nothing, it is there to give you right to work, to qualify- real work is ahead....

It also imploded from external pressure.

Perhaps he should've studied hockey sticks. Carbon Fiber is imperfect and it breaks. RIP it should've been allowed to go.

the... THE!!! THE Moon

If the transcript is real and than this video is how it went. Than they dropped far too quickly, causing way too much pressure to pile on and everything stopped working and they doomed themselves. You start putting everything together and it starts making real sense, regardless of who you are in life or what you know. I know the basics of pressure from games I’ve played … I would of done all the checks on the sub by default and if I noted anything wrong at all, I’d have not allowed it to be used. People may of gotten angry with me but at least I would’ve saved lives. I hope everyone involved is happy with what they made happen.

4:15 I love how he said the greenhouse effect which is how it's believed the Earth warms... He was smart to not say it is how the Earth warms because it's not. If the greenhouse effect were true it would get hotter every year but it stopped getting hot for 20 years. That's why they changed it from global warming, to climate change. And in the 1970s they thought we were going into another ice age before global warming started. Once you know the history that it was all a concept thought up in the early 1960s by the club of Rome as a global taxation. If people thought the Earth was going to be destroyed, they would be willing to pay extra taxes to prevent it.

nice job

Yes u can make a carbon fiber hull work for submersible, just make it very thick and apply the fiber layers lengthwise, not cylindrically--effectively making the hull concave--the carbon fibers will then expand rather than contract under the the water pressure. The titanium endcaps should probably also be reinforced w/a hexagonal frame, to help keep it from compromising the hull. And that's it--fyi, there's a company Composite Energy Tech, that makes carbon fiber submersibles, and they have an excellent reliability record

Spit out what you have inside your mouth so that you can pronounce the words correctly. Polished your accents.

It's not just meteors or micrometeors. When Apollo 12. It landed within about 180 meters of the Surveyor 3 spacecraft in November 1969. The lunar module descent engine kicked up dust that hit the Surveyor lander like a sandblaster. Astronauts Pete Conrad and Alan Bean even commented on the effect during their moonwalk. They observed that the dust had removed some of the darkening on Surveyor 3, revealing its original white paint in those areas. Every meteorite that hits the moon will kick up dust and rock and send it out at ballistic speeds. Most of that dust and rock will reimpact the moon someplace else. Every rocket that lands on the moon will shoot out dust and rock at ballistic speeds. There is no air to slow anything down so whenever gravity pulls whatever projectile back down it's going to be moving at some place around the speed of a bullet. If you're walking around in a space on the moon and a rocket land some mile away within a few seconds you could be hit by spray of debris. Or that spray of debris could be launched into a a ballistic trajectory which could come back down hours or days from when it was kicked up. Every vehicle driving around the Moon for any length of time that it's supposed to be holding humans or robots for that matter is going to need to be an armored car. That's the same for any habitat. I think we pretty well have understood that since Apollo 12 and that's why we haven't gone back. It's going to be incredibly difficult to have anything like a permanent base on the moon

INDIA NEEDS TO STOP WASTING $$$BILLIONS ON SPACE GLAMOUR PROJECTS & SPEND ON FAMILY PLANNING, GREEN, ENVIRONMENTAL, RE-FORESTATION, RENEWABLE ENERGY, ETC PROJECTS TO SUSTAIN ITS OUT OF CONTROL POPULATION GROWTH & PREVENT POLUTION.......ACTION REQUIRED NOW!!!

Channel sucks

We need English speaking channels!!!

Why not just use concrete?

Brother your video is very awesome. But maybe you should try your voice with energetic emotions, that will make it more entertaining rather than get bored. so, try this once.....

Well then multistage them (cascade the heatpumps), you can reach much higher temperature differentials still, all with high COP! Also what is stopping the energy stored in the compressed side from driving the compressor as it expands? Nothing, but currently that is just wasted! Also if you don't just look at the heat or the cold but look at the maximum temp difference from the hot to cold side this leads to very high grade heat with a high degree of conversion efficiency, potentially exceeding the point where the second law of thermodynamics can hold!

Boeing rejected the carbon fiber because it was too old so it was sold and this dude who built the DEATH trap apparently it was just a matter of time!

No building needed, send the spacecraft as modular units. They can be linked up and turned into a sprawling structure. Elon Musk plans on launching 3 to 4 cargo ships a day to outfit the lunar modules. In a 30 to 40 day period landing 3 or 4 cargo/habitat ships a day is not an impossible goal. There should be a continuous train of cargo ships to and from the moon on going. The first 40 days will establish the habitats, work facilities, laboratories, warehouses and equipment storage. I hope they use thrust vectored flying platforms to explore with. They need to harvest helium3 then figure out how to make energy with it.