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Archaeology 101
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 17 เม.ย. 2017
Welcome to my channel!
Covering all sorts of topics on archaeology, mostly focusing on prehistory as that is my personal interest area, all narrated by ME! an actual, sometimes factual, archaeologist.
I am not hiding aliens or the location of Atlantis!
Covering all sorts of topics on archaeology, mostly focusing on prehistory as that is my personal interest area, all narrated by ME! an actual, sometimes factual, archaeologist.
I am not hiding aliens or the location of Atlantis!
Iron Age Human Sacrifice: The Winterborne Kingston Case
Sacrifice in the Iron Age has often been touted on the continent but only rarely is discussed in the UK. The new paper by Bournemouth University has produced a new fascinating case of possible human sacrifice in Dorset.
Figures:
www.researchgate.net/publication/267230062_The_Durotriges_Project_Phase_One_
An_Interim_Statement
www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquaries-journal/article/brutalised-bound-and-
bled-a-case-of-later-iron-age-human-sacrifice-from-winterborne-kingston-
dorset/661F1895014C21686F4C849870827E62
www.bournemouth.ac.uk/sites/default/files/asset/document/012-
018_CA313_Duropolis1_MESC_bigdig.pdf
By Unknown author - www.archaeology.org/online/features/bog/violence1.html, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=32027366
By © User:Colin / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=58552467
www.twinkl.co.uk/resource/t2-h-164-the-celts-display-picture-cut-outs
By Geni - Photo by user:geni, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12439783
the-past.com/news/iron-age-remains-and-animal-sacrifices-found-in-dorset/ (© Miles Russell/Bournemouth University)
Lang, H. 2016- www.cambridge.org/core/journals/proceedings-of-the-prehistoric-society/article/abs/defining-banjo-enclosures-investigations-interpretations-and-understanding-in-the-iron-age-of-southern-britain/74F4AB7B02C7DABE421061D200A69389
By Nationalmuseet, Roberto Fortuna og Kira Ursem - samlinger.natmus.dk/DO/5324, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=47377960
www.bournemouth.ac.uk/news/2024-05-20/archaeologists-discover-victim-human-sacrifice-iron-age-dorset
www.researchgate.net/figure/Sacrificial-scene-from-the-Gundestrup-cauldron-Drawing-by-the-author_fig2_242153356
By Internet Archive Book Images - www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14781091124/archive.org/stream/mythslegendscelt00roll/mythslegendscelt00roll#page/n100/mode/1up, No restrictions, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=42106301
x.com/Durotrigesdig/status/1785633977149100389
x.com/Ph0ebeHerring
jayjayaurelio.wordpress.com/2012/03/22/hello-world/
hampshirearchaeology.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/dane-pit51.jpg
www.researchgate.net/figure/The-fully-articulated-remains-of-a-dog-with-disarticulated-cow-and-horse-bone-from-the_fig2_267230062
musculoskeletalkey.com/and-functional-evolution-of-the-aging-spine/
fli.institute/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/image_5482e-prehistoric-women.jpg
www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-52807-0/figures/1
By Pe-Jo - Own work, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8806766
By Numisantica - www.numisantica.com/, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25588164
By my work - Based on Jones & Mattingly's Atlas of Roman Britain (ISBN 978-1-84217-06700, 1990, reprinted 2007) - the sources are cited in the image legend - all information is from p. 46, 51, and 60.The topographical map is from a sub-region of File:Uk topo en.jpg, with the copyright notice {{Bild-GFDL-GMT|migration=relicense}} and original date of 7 July 2006, copy made in 2008, with the annotations removed by myself., CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11677685
By Major George Allen (1891-1940) - Ashmolean Museum, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12228056
heritage.candle.digital/prehistory/images/bronze-age-timeline.png?crc=482541933
Carn Euny. © Historic England.
Lindow Man. © Trustees of the British Museum
historicengland.org.uk/services-skills/education/classroom-resources/timelines-teachers-kits/
PPT: Heritage Schools Timeline: England from 100BC to 2000AD
By Fondo Antiguo de la Biblioteca de la Universidad de Sevilla from Sevilla, España - "Sacrificios humanos en la antigua Germania"., CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=51651454 Germanic engraving of a sacrifice
Tollund Man By Nationalmuseet, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=48076830
By my work - Based on Frere's Britannia and Jones' & Mattingly's Atlas of Roman Britain - sources are cited in the image legendThe topographical map is from a sub-region of File:Uk topo en.jpg, with the copyright notice {{Bild-GFDL-GMT|migration=relicense}} and original date of 7 July 2006, copy made in 2008, with the annotations removed by myself., CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11357177
www.atlasobscura.com/articles/iron-age-burials-britain Thames Water
www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2016/march/macabre-burial-practices-of-iron-age-britons-revealed.html
www.atlasobscura.com/articles/iron-age-burials-britain Thames Water
Figures:
www.researchgate.net/publication/267230062_The_Durotriges_Project_Phase_One_
An_Interim_Statement
www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquaries-journal/article/brutalised-bound-and-
bled-a-case-of-later-iron-age-human-sacrifice-from-winterborne-kingston-
dorset/661F1895014C21686F4C849870827E62
www.bournemouth.ac.uk/sites/default/files/asset/document/012-
018_CA313_Duropolis1_MESC_bigdig.pdf
By Unknown author - www.archaeology.org/online/features/bog/violence1.html, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=32027366
By © User:Colin / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=58552467
www.twinkl.co.uk/resource/t2-h-164-the-celts-display-picture-cut-outs
By Geni - Photo by user:geni, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12439783
the-past.com/news/iron-age-remains-and-animal-sacrifices-found-in-dorset/ (© Miles Russell/Bournemouth University)
Lang, H. 2016- www.cambridge.org/core/journals/proceedings-of-the-prehistoric-society/article/abs/defining-banjo-enclosures-investigations-interpretations-and-understanding-in-the-iron-age-of-southern-britain/74F4AB7B02C7DABE421061D200A69389
By Nationalmuseet, Roberto Fortuna og Kira Ursem - samlinger.natmus.dk/DO/5324, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=47377960
www.bournemouth.ac.uk/news/2024-05-20/archaeologists-discover-victim-human-sacrifice-iron-age-dorset
www.researchgate.net/figure/Sacrificial-scene-from-the-Gundestrup-cauldron-Drawing-by-the-author_fig2_242153356
By Internet Archive Book Images - www.flickr.com/photos/internetarchivebookimages/14781091124/archive.org/stream/mythslegendscelt00roll/mythslegendscelt00roll#page/n100/mode/1up, No restrictions, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=42106301
x.com/Durotrigesdig/status/1785633977149100389
x.com/Ph0ebeHerring
jayjayaurelio.wordpress.com/2012/03/22/hello-world/
hampshirearchaeology.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/dane-pit51.jpg
www.researchgate.net/figure/The-fully-articulated-remains-of-a-dog-with-disarticulated-cow-and-horse-bone-from-the_fig2_267230062
musculoskeletalkey.com/and-functional-evolution-of-the-aging-spine/
fli.institute/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/image_5482e-prehistoric-women.jpg
www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-52807-0/figures/1
By Pe-Jo - Own work, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8806766
By Numisantica - www.numisantica.com/, CC BY-SA 3.0 nl, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25588164
By my work - Based on Jones & Mattingly's Atlas of Roman Britain (ISBN 978-1-84217-06700, 1990, reprinted 2007) - the sources are cited in the image legend - all information is from p. 46, 51, and 60.The topographical map is from a sub-region of File:Uk topo en.jpg, with the copyright notice {{Bild-GFDL-GMT|migration=relicense}} and original date of 7 July 2006, copy made in 2008, with the annotations removed by myself., CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11677685
By Major George Allen (1891-1940) - Ashmolean Museum, Public Domain, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12228056
heritage.candle.digital/prehistory/images/bronze-age-timeline.png?crc=482541933
Carn Euny. © Historic England.
Lindow Man. © Trustees of the British Museum
historicengland.org.uk/services-skills/education/classroom-resources/timelines-teachers-kits/
PPT: Heritage Schools Timeline: England from 100BC to 2000AD
By Fondo Antiguo de la Biblioteca de la Universidad de Sevilla from Sevilla, España - "Sacrificios humanos en la antigua Germania"., CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=51651454 Germanic engraving of a sacrifice
Tollund Man By Nationalmuseet, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=48076830
By my work - Based on Frere's Britannia and Jones' & Mattingly's Atlas of Roman Britain - sources are cited in the image legendThe topographical map is from a sub-region of File:Uk topo en.jpg, with the copyright notice {{Bild-GFDL-GMT|migration=relicense}} and original date of 7 July 2006, copy made in 2008, with the annotations removed by myself., CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11357177
www.atlasobscura.com/articles/iron-age-burials-britain Thames Water
www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2016/march/macabre-burial-practices-of-iron-age-britons-revealed.html
www.atlasobscura.com/articles/iron-age-burials-britain Thames Water
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Enjoying your content
i like my bathroom. it has walls coated in "karamic" tiles
Very good stuff. One remark: lower limb wounds happens when combatants use shields. Then you first go for legs, then you smash the head when the opponent goes down. If armies are big, front lines just trample over the fallen, but it doesn't seem to be the case here. Breaking bones so they couldn't escape also seems plausible. Anyway, it's good someone came from the steppe and brought some order haha
Your content is much appreciated!
@BkennyP thank you for taking the time to watch 😊
And a Merry Xmas to you to !!!🙏🎉❤
A little window into a very bleak life...
Terrific video. Boy she had a hard life.
Seems odd that a relatively 'worthless' person, buried in a trash pit would be be considered a 'worthy' sacrifice.
@@elizabethmcglothlin5406 Very good point, you lean more towards homicide?
Thanks for the great video as usual. Look forward to when you can share more finds with us. Can you do DNA analysis on the bones in their state?
@H0mework Thank you for watching. I suspect you can, her skeleton looks in very good condition from the photographs. I very much hope someone does analysis on all the skellys Bournemouth Uni found there.
Nice video. Thanks. I live just a couple of miles away from Piltdown so it's interesting to hear the forgery dissected. Charles Dawson is clearly the guilty party. He helped to found Hastings Museum, and donated a number of discoveries to that museum which are themselves fakes. There seems to be no evidence that he required the assistance of another party for either the Hastings Museum fakes or the Piltdown Man 'finds'.
Aha got to love a notorious piece of local history! Yes, it seems until not all that long ago that Dawson was underestimated in his nefarious abilities by the established archaeologists.
Very good video, thank you : )
Thank you for watching
Clearly a torture not a willing patient to under go this
@davide2711 Now that is an interesting thought, not something I have seen being discussed.
I celebrate the shoutout to Primitive Technology. That was a pleasant surprise!
Great for relieving pressure in the brain caused by an injury perhaps but for everything else you would need that like you would need a hole in the head.😮
I view trepanation with trepidation.
You have no idea how many times I had to click "don't recommend this channel" on the TH-cam homepage for TH-cam to finally recommend this video. Finally, something that different, that I also want to see, and relates to what I study.
The Dmanisi skull with no teeth is probably a relative of skull 3 which has its front teeth missing. I suspect that skull and skull 3 have very shallow tooth roots and that's the real reason they lost them. Skull 5 has extremely deep tooth roots. Our tooth roots are between the two.
Much enjoyed, Thank you.
Is it geneticists responsibility to dumb it down for you or for you to educate yourself more so you understand? I have no formal education in genetics but find the lectures of them fairly easy to follow. Formal scientific papers are harder but then they are produced for their peer group to try and obtain consensus. And if you think their hard, DNA experts in courtrooms are almost impenetrable and they're supposed to be explaining it to layman juries.
@@nomadpurple6154 Both
Great channel man. Hope it grows. Subscribed. Keep it up
I was looking for some presentation on Denisovans also with a sceptical view on the science. I found some other video but it was just hype with AI generated pictures which made it unnatural. Your video is perfect. Thanks.
I think a fire simulation at the stalactites would animate on the cave walls. It might give insight of their perspective
Interesting. Were the aggressors Neolithic farmers? Were those killed from the same group?
@@popacristian2056 Probably another group of farmers, who exactly, whether local or not who knows in each case
@@Archaeology101vids Some genetic analysis of those killed would have clarified if they were farmers or hunter-gatherers.
I was unaware until now that there was Neanderthal archaeology as far south as Kurdistan.
I've always been fascinated by the Neanderthals. It will be interesting if one day if the main stressor in their extinction becomes apparent.
As climate change marches on for us modern humans, I'm sure that we're going to find out sooner rather than later.
Nice review! Well done!
Thats a lot of info from a finger bone!
It would have been so awesome too watch all this first hand huh?
The best explanation of this subject I’ve seen yet 😃.
A very good overview. Thanks. My favourite part of this hoax has always been the fossilised cricket bat.
This was extremely interesting. I'm glad this got recommended to me. I really like your detailed explanation, and you have a great reading voice.
@thomilo44 you are very kind, thank you :)
Fascinating
They had weaves even bag then . Amazing
The fact that he named all his "discoveries" after himself is... a trifle suspicious. 🤔
The shadow of this hoax still hangs over paleo-anthropology today. On all sorts of videos related to this subject, I see comments that basically amount to "Why should I believe this fossil is real when Piltdown was a hoax? Science lied to us once, they can lie again." Dawson ended up doing a lot of damage to a field he was so devoted to.
Thank you. I had always ignored the whole affair, preferring to concentrate on the accepted science. This investigation into of how it happened is really very interesting.
Do people think there is less interest in this period of Britain's history, like the Picts . It seems to me that the current enthusiasm for Pictish research is more about post Pictland as DNA analysis of the burial sites, which would have been of the aristocracy, shows Gaelic and Irish DNA. I think it's entirely possible that the upright stones we have with battles on one side and "celtic" christian cross on the other could depict battles between those Pictish tribes with leaders who had decided to collaborate with the Roman Catholic church and it's "priests" against those tribe who did / would not.
Older teenage girls were spared. We think kidnapped for sexual partners. Obviously.
I’ve been trying to work out how C3 vs C4 is an indicator of how hard the food was, but can’t make sense of it. Pretty much all nuts come from trees and pretty much all trees are C3. Among grasses and sedges there doesn’t seem to be any correlation between C4/C3 and hardness of edible parts, and if they were harvesting roots and tubers, the grit should make an identifiable wear-pattern regardless. I guess we can say they weren’t eating a lot of millet or sorghum, but without cooking, those aren’t nutritious anyway. Final note: If the creatures were eating bugs, grubs, lizards, and so on, wouldn’t the diet of their prey skew these results?
idiots
Oh, I was thrilled when I learnrd the word, “coprolites”. Six-year-old giggles aside, thank you for this informative study.
This was a really great summary, thank you. You mention that curved phalanges would have been useful for climbing trees, but I remember learning that the curvature of the bones was actually *caused* by climbing and the pressures it put on them?
Thanks for the report. It's something I'll watch again. For subsequent videos, please increase the volume.
Why would foreigners care about maintaining OUR heritage?
The inverted remains are interesting. I wonder if it had something to do with status, maybe noting some kind of disgrace or offense.
Thank for this very informative presentation. Do you have an idea, how the site of Herxheim fit's into this picture?
Herxheim is so weird, it deserves its own video which i may do in future but im sure there are ones already. The interpretations seems to range from it being a special burial place where the dead were brought to and there may have been cannibalisation of the remains, or, its a place to bring people to slaughter, dare i say sacrifice, and there remains cannibalised. Whichever is the case, Herxheim doesn't reflect an attacked settlement as is the case for most of the sites dealt with here. Therefore, Herxheim may reflect violent tendencies, contemporary to the sites looked at here, but the behaviour represented within the trauma of the remains and their contexts likely reflects some different motive than explored here.