Speaking of having youtube brain rot, when you said "before I can tell you about the discovery of insulin", I absolutely expected the next line to be "I need to tell you about this video's sponsor, Brilliant"
My half-way ad was for Rybelsus. The cogs in the YT machine learning mind must be like: "Oh good... she's talking about insulin, her viewers probably need Rybelsus."
Well, clearly it didn’t stop the doctors (assuming you meant medical doctors), but it may have turned some would-be and might-have-beens away from becoming doctors
My aunt, who's a nurse, always used to tell me I'd make a great nurse. I replied that I doubt it as I have low empathy and struggle to care for or about people. She merely countered that's why I'd make a great nurse.
She'd be such an amazing doctor. One of those who handle fifty studies at the same time, chat with all the patients about the theory behind the study, and somehow also do full time clinic duty at the same time.
They use specialties to manage personalities. Narcissists get made into surgeons, smart dweebs become pathologists, slackers become radiologists, and so on. There's a place for everyone
in my side of the world the headlines sure were along the lines of "the merchant of death died. john oliver also had a fitting reaction toward kissinger's death
Angela goes to Medical school and becomes a GP. Goes on long rants to patients about the super interesting history behind the disease that's going to kill them.
@@professorrubickmagusgrandi7909 all I can picture is her in her office, lab coat and all, sitting across from patients wholesomely geeking out about the detailed pathophysiology of the cancer killing them, all with the same energy she brings to the videos. 😂l
I forget his name, but in the 1920s the Canadian government asked a guy to do a report on the residential schools after some complaints. They chose a super hardcore anti-indigenous politician to ensure it would be positive. His ensuing report said the residential schools were a crime against humanity. This led to minor reforms in 1929 but the system continued to get worse.
It's truly difficult to understand that there were hundreds or thousands of people in this country across almost a century who's full-time job it was to just torture kids. And they gained pretty much no personal benefit from it except some perverse gratification (which was probably a pretty big incentive considering the many, many, many, many cases of sexual abuse that took place in residential schools).
@@Anything_Random Cops and soldiers don't get much gratification either, yet they mainly work to uphold the power of the politicians and the capitalists. Man is the dumbest animal on this planet.
His name was Peter Bryce and he was a public health physician. He was appointed CMO and he wrote the report in 1907 but it was suppressed by the government and he was forced to retire in 1921. He then published the report after that. The government knew about the horrors and they covered it up.
the GIT cancer research related to fibre fermentation and luminal contents I had to read on dogs was disgusting. The way they would surgically "modify" the dogs to help the collection of small bowel contents was ... from a time before ethics requirements... And worse than pointless, because it turns out carnivore small bowel function has almost nothing in common with humans and those differences actually held back the finding of consensus on whether fermentation of fibres into SCFAs beneficially affected human colonocyte metabolism
As a plumber I’ll add to the identifying diabetes segment: it you have a moldy toilet bowl but the tank behind it is normal it’s from the sugar in your urine. Had a couple customers find out this way.
hey fun fact about residential schools: in a lot of (especially remote) communities, the former residential school is still the main schoolhouse for predominantly indigenous communities, so you have generations of elders being traumatized when they have to go watch their grandkids put on a school play :)
Just to add to this, in the UK insulin is free for anyone with diabetes. The average cost of insulin for the state / National Health Service (NHS) is between $14 to $120 per month per person. That's largely thanks to the bargaining power of the NHS.
Watched it for the science but the after-credit bit about access to basic medical care really, really hits home. I don't understand how it's not a generally accepted standard of common decency that nobody should have too much until everybody has enough. I don't care if we have rich or even mega-rich people so long as all of the people who AREN'T rich have a reasonable standard of living. And yes, I am also happy to have my taxes pay for that.
Yes, it’ll never make sense to me that the richest country in the world ATM doesn’t give its citizens free basic health care, and is, in fact, the only remaining major country that doesn’t.
@@rawnet101the corporations profit, the government doesn't spend. People are busy fighting the economy and each other, so never realising they could also fight the power The system is about fast growth, not healthy growth
Hi Angela! Indigenous Canadian here. Worth noting that the residential school system was not limited to Canada - the Carlisle Industrial School, for instance, was a similar sort of institution in Pennsylvania. This is not to excuse anything or engage in any whataboutism! Just wanted to make sure you know.
@@smort123 Tone is tough over text, so I wanted to make sure it wasn't misinterpreted. People pull the "they did it too" move as a defense/excuse for all sorts of things, I wanted to be sure that's not how my comment read.
The western US had a number of them as well, with the highest attendance in the 1970s! adults would punish students for using their own language, forced christianity on them and lots of other horror stories... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools
I think she'd be really, really disappointed in you, actually. The neural network research the 2024 Nobel price in physics was awarded for has nothing to do with the Generative AI that people have chosen to lens the culture war through. If you think Dr Colier would resent it because she has rightly criticised the ridiculous use cases finance bros try do dream up for Generative AI, you're just expressing a total lack of familiarity with the actual science these things are built with. Neural Networks are amazing machines you can do genuinely amazing things with. Hopfield and Hinton did great work. You should be ashamed for lumping them in with Silicon Valley hype-men through nothing but your own horrific, all-consuming ignorance.
As a computer scientist, I think that prize was crazy. It was not "physics research". And you know that because Hinton's work not motivated by the goal of solving a physics problem. The goal was to advance the field of artificial intelligence. And it was done in computer science departments, in collaboration with other computer scientists, with funding from computer-science funding agencies. Is it an attempt for the field of physics to take credit for the development of AI?
"edward albert sharpey schaefer" sounds like if an author had two potential names for a character and couldnt decide which they prefered so they just used both
He was born Edward Albert Schäfer. The Sharpey bit came later. His son John Sharpey Schafer (Sharpey was his middle name) died in the First World war. Memorialising him, Edward Albert Schäfer took the name Sharpey-Schafer in 1918.
I knew WIllard Libby's stepson, and he told me that Libby, who got the Nobel Prize for Carbon-14 dating told him that one doesn't get the Nobel Prize for significantly advancing science. He said you get it for first making an advancement, then spending years shoving it down the throat of each and every naysayer who disputes it until they give up and award you the prize. Fortunately for Libby he was an ornery cuss who enjoyed doing just that. The person I've always felt deserved the Prize who never got it was George Gamow. He was in the middle of 3 major advancements in physics that received Nobel prizes, but he wasn't one of the recipients.
In my case, although not claiming the full prize but recognising I'd made the difference in winning it, it reached me through the Press release which explained it was awarded to the EU and its forerunners (us lot in WEU). As I explained elsewhere here, although WEU was defunct and could not be honoured, we were not, so the mention had to be made. Among my better moments was the completion of Gandhi's unfinished business, facilitated because my mother was PA to his High Commissioner Krishna Mennon here in London in 1946-7, and placing him among the unnamed forerunners. Righting that wrong made it impossible to deny my work, as he'd doubtless have wished. Nobody else was involved other than my interlocutors, and the complete work involved a degree of numinous alignment which has helped make it mature over the last quarter century until the other antagonist realised the reality was peace had happened unexpectedly.
@@ggarber4763, no. He's the most educated scientist I've ever met who didn't have a PhD, or any degree at all. (He got kicked out of Swarthmore for protesting the Vietnam War, and never went back.) BTW, he was born at Los Alamos, where his mother and father were both physicists on Fermi's team from the time they helped Fermi build the atomic pile beneath the bleachers at Stagg Field. Enrico was his babysitter. He's an absolutely fascinating dude.
I have so much additional respect for you on account of your conclusion. As soon as you started talking about insulin, I wondered if the true horror of the story would be the human cost of corporate apathy and greed. You’re awesome, we love you in our household, and my kiddo told me to tell you that our cats said “Hello.”
Hey' as a type 1 diabetic who never heard this story, I loved your telling of it! I tend to be forgiving of those attempting to treat diabetes at this time, successful and otherwise. I can't imagine how impossible human diabetes research was at the time. It's horrific so many children were starved needlessly, but I imagine there's an alternate world out there where they killed 400 dogs for some unfounded insulin assumption which turned out to be bunk. I'm happy enough crazy scientists kept throwing darts at the wall so I have a chance to live and watch TH-cam videos. Thanks for your work!
Type-1 diabetic here! Thank you for providing such a comprehensive overview for the experience of diabetes. Not only was it very accurate (you may not be a medical doctor, but your research and communication was careful and accurate!), but it was also incredibly humanizing. Thank you for approaching this with so much empathy and care. Definitely going to be sharing this with some of my fellow diabetics!
On people becoming a bit crazy after getting their nobel prize, one of my professors told us about the time he met Josephson, presumably intending to talk about superconductors, and he kept talking about how he could move objects with his mind.
i remember hearing that sharpless tastes non nitrogen containing chemicals he synthesizes and i’m pretty sure he did that before he got the prize so i think some people are just crazy
An hour into this video I realised "Oh yeah this is still a video about the Nobel Prize... so it only goes to some of them... oh no". I've always commended your brilliant tangents Angela, but in this one you've truly outdone yourself. You had me completely, I had forgotten the name of the video. Just so completely riveting. One thing I would like to note, reading the other comments here, even a few pages down, they're all lovely. I mean sure you're a fantastic story teller, but that you've attracted such lovely commenters, on TH-cam of all platforms, I think that's a really impressive achievement. It takes a very good person to bring out the best of people on this platform. Thank you for making this video ❤
Right! This the only channel on which I read comments because they often actually bring out new interesting angles on the subjects and have a sense of good humor.
@@tinka2452Same, her and Rebecca Watson both have EXCELLENT comment sections! Not without some portion of misogyny and buttheadery, but a disproportionately high number of really quality comments and nice people lol
my partner has type 1 diabetes and him getting diagnosed and starting insulin was night and day. So many issues cleared up and it honestly changed the way that I looked at it. I knew people with diabetes, but I had never seen the stark difference between treated and untreated type 1. Incredible video as always, very cool story and some people that saved so many lives. Edit: Wrote that just before the credits and im glad that you also mentioned the disgrace that is the current state of healthcare and insulin prices. Eli lily is a vile and disgusting company that is probably the most overt example of corporate greed choosing to have people die for money. david ricks will never see the light of heaven
If there was a Nobel Prize for scicomm, I would nominate you for this video. And they would probably ignore me because I am not on the committee or whatever, but js
Re: Canada - It didn't stop in 1996, it just transitioned to a different form. Starting in mid-20th century, the residential school system began to be replaced by the child welfare system, where instead of the police kidnapping children and sending them to be abused by nuns and priests, social workers started kidnapping indigenous children purely on the basis of the indigeneity of their parents, and sending them far away from their communities to be abused by non-indigenous caregivers. This is commonly known as the 60's Scoop, and the federal government formally apologized for it in 2008. Except it didn't end in 2008, let alone in the 60's. There are more indigenous children in care of the Canadian state today than there were at the height of the residential school system. The indigenous people I know refer to this as "the millennial scoop." Part of how this happens is a practice called "birth alerts" (duckduckgo it) where hospitals have a policy of immediately informing the local children's aid society any time a child is born to an indigenous parent, as if being indigenous alone was grounds for suspected child abuse. Most provinces (with the notable exception of Quebec) officially ended birth alerts on paper between 2019 and 2021, but a lot of hospitals still practice it as unofficial policy to this day.
I mean, not to take away from your point but res schools lasted until 2012, that's when the last one was closed down (it was in Saskatchewan). It didn't steal babies at that point, but it was trying to end FN culture and shit still.
@@nodthenbow I didn't know that! I knew there were still a few in the US running off of private donations, but I always just heard the same "last one closed in 1996" factoid that Dr Collier had heard. I imagine there must be some technicality why the one that closed in 2012 it isn't counted, like funding source or something like that. Do you know what it was called? Search engines are so worthless these days, and I can't find anything about it.
I love the way you talk so much. Particularly I really like that you say the important parts of what you're trying to communicate three or four times. I've caught myself doing it a couple times having spent a fair bit of time with your work. It's a very helpful and often amusing verb tic. Thanks for all your hard work angela
Dr. Collier, thank you for the story, the outrage and the humanity. Living in our large complex societies is a challenge and our roles as citizens is important and challenging. I should however admit one of my reasons for listening to your talks is to hear you say "wackadoo" and "fine". I hope this does not ruin our friendship.
Donna Strickland was an Associate Professor at University of Waterloo: UW tells her she should apply for full Professorship after she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018.
Another uw student! (Probably) I remember in 2018 some of us were concerned they were gonna raise the tuition closer to the engineering/cs/afm level. Thankfully that didn't happen (except it pretty much did when college dropout Doug Ford got elected and cut funding for many affordable education initiatives also in 2018)
As a Canadian, I find the American medical system a never ending horror story... those headlines are shocking. insulin costs maybe 10x less here... and we're not special... it's the US that is the only one that can't figure this out... so sad. We hope you do. It's cheap enough here, we treated our cat for years, granted she's a lot lighter than a human so we needed a lot less, but still I think at US prices we could not have done that. Great Job!
Oh, the US has figured it out. That's why there's so much lobbying to keep things the way they are. Our system is not terrible by accident or out of ignorance. Ignorance only plays a role in convincing the population not to demand change.
It was because he invented smokeless gun powder that he was associated with war, him inventing dynamite was a good thing but smokeless powder revolutionized warfare at the time. It was one of the things that led to bullet cartridges like we know them today instead of muskets. So Nobel made it possible to go from muskets to machine guns. I read his biography in middle school for a project I needed to do well on to pass and the info has lived in my brain ever since, I feel like The Gambit. “You don’t know how long I’ve been waiting for this…”
@@bertramusb8162 it sounds familiar, i know he was concerned with his legacy as someone who enabled the evolution of warfare, but i read it like 17 years ago so im not sure. If I remember right he believed that his invention would make war so terrible no one would do it anymore but i may be miss attributing that.
@@denim_ak "Surely *this* new advancement in technology will finally be the end-all deterrant to all conflict and no one will ever want to escalate again!" That would have been in what, the 1880s? We never learn, do we? Maybe one day we'll get it.
I really think it's awesome the way you give the history and context for the viewer to see the patterns that underlay the points you are making. And there are things that I would rather have explained by people who aren't in the field under analysis. And last of all, you're just freaking awesome.
From the context of everything it's just a shame Collip didn't win, but showed a lot of humility in not trying to claim credit, especially after two of the people involved, died.
I'm a type 1 diabetic diagnosed at 28. From my understanding, you can have a genetic predisposition to develop type 1, but genetics alone don't cause type 1. Type 1 has to be triggered by a virus that looks enough like your beta cells for your immune system to confuse your beta cells for the virus. For me it was probably covid, since I developed Type 1 within a year after I first got covid. And that's all according to my endocrinologist. Usually a virus during childhood is the trigger, but I guess us adult type 1s are either less sensitive to the virus trigger, or haven’t had a virus that confused the immune system enough to trigger beta cell antibodies until later in life. Anyways thanks for the video! Thoroughly disgusted about the history but also grateful to be alive in 2024 and not 1924.
If that was the case you’d expect almost all type 1s to be diagnosed in early childhood as the vast, vast majority of vaccinations people undergo happen before age 18.
@@dawert2667 possibly viruses have protein similar to our cell but due to autoimmune-syndrome our B & T-cell fail to avoid selecting that protein during learning.
It's so refreshing to hear a doctor talk about diabetes in a way I can understand it. Thank you doctor! I'm going to base my life decisions on what you just said.
Banting looks so much like Daniel Craig it's uncanny. Also, Collip is the biggest gigachad I have ever heard of. Thanks for this video it was so awesome I got emotional and proud to be part of science even though we have little recognition. Great content as always
On dynamite in warfare: that "You may live to see manmade horrors beyond your comprehension" quote is supposed to come from Tesla (who was also a eugenecist) when he was demonstrating a radio controlled rowboat. An onlooker was like "you should put dynamite on it and use it to sink ships." 100 years later and we've got drone warfare.
@@mariusvanc Except for the stuff he was dead wrong about or could offer no evidence for, including his belief that radio communication wouldn't work, that electrons don't exist, that space has no curvature, that there were cosmic rays moving faster than the speed of light, and that the earth was a perfect medium for sending long-distance electrical signals. His Wardenclyffe tower project was a waste of money and for all his patents and occasional successes, he turned into a bit of a scam artist.
Tesla did have his own private naval drone warfare program on which he wrote about pretty extensively, he was trying to make war too messy to be possible. Though one good thing was that he accidentally patented a lot of underlying technology for computers, so computers flourished pretty freely when their time came.
In Sweden we can choose between the brand of medication on the prescription and a cheaper generic medication and we only pay about $200 a year for all medication on prescription except for a few ones that aren't necessary to treat serious conditions.
I certainly hope that that "$300 dollars for an asthma pump" was just a random number and not what Americans actually pay... Around here they cost the equivalent of about $2.
Edwin Hubble didn't get get one, despite proving the expansion of the Universe. This omission shows the bias against astronomers that make physics related discoveries. Hubble's work directly led to the Big Bang Theory, so, kinda important to physics. Edit: the discovery of the acceleration of that expansion, or "Dark Energy", did earn Nobels.
The biotech part of the story is arguably the most important for insulin availability around the world. Instead of extracting a worse kind of insulin from dead animals we can just make it very cheaply in yeast. No animal suffering, better product and a lot cheaper at least in countries where politicians don't allow the price gouging the US has seen to happen which is most countries.
totally off topic but i found your channel recently and i have been binging your videos and i love the long form content about just science. i'm a chemistry major and your physics and other science vids are like a breath of fresh air from grinding my third sem of orgo
I hit 'like' on the video when the credits rolled. But then after the credits, there was another part that made me wish I could like it even more. Great work
"Should I go to medical school? Do you think I would be a good doctor? Obviously not … I'm horrible with people!" Most people who go on to become doctors don't do this kind of reflection first.
Yes, I have high functioning autism, but I have come to the conclusion that I'm at least more sociable and empathetic than most MDs that I have met in my life.
@@GH-oi2jf I like eating rotten flesh, so no, sorry... (I'm absolutely obsessed with eating moldy food. It has a really unique taste. It started with some overdue cranberries, then apples, then pears, then the funny maggot cheese, and so on. I've never felt sick haha)
I used to walk pass Collip Building at UWO every day for years, to go to the science building to take the bus. Never knew his actual role, just that he had a role.
The story with Dr. John Nash is even MORE interesting than 'A Beautiful Mind' portrays. They made that movie WAY too early. Dr. Nash was full-blown incoherent 'insane'. They were charitable in the movie, in reality he was very, very bad off. But, and I swear that this is entirely true, he... thought himself into sanity. He decided to start rationally checking the things the intrusive thoughts and voices he heard were saying. And he found out, no, alien CIA agents had not implanted radios in his teeth to mind control him. He did this repeatedly, and came to the conclusion that the voices and intrusive thoughts were an unreliable source of information, and so he resolved to reject them. And... it worked. He was able to leave the institution he had been confined in for years, return home, return to teaching, and was able to accept the Nobel prize for inventing game theory. You mentioned the Nobel prize being given for the COVID vaccine. What it was actually given for was for the use of mRNA for vaccines. That is way bigger and a fundamental giant leap. Dr. Kariko deserved that Nobel and I would have cut somebody if she didn't get it. She had been telling people that mRNA could be used to create vaccines for years and years - and people laughed at her. It screwed up her career, cost her jobs, but she stuck with it. 'Everybody else' was saying mRNA was too fragile, and there would never be a way to make it stable enough to last even a few minutes, let alone long enough to be integrated into a manufactured vaccine. It was a fair point, as in the lab mRNA is so unstable and fragile that it just falls apart without you even disturbing it. Which makes sense, they're just temporary little molecules that get sent from one part of a cell to another part to send a message, and they only need to stay stable for fractions of a second in a cell. But she did all the legwork. She knew it could be made to work. She cracked challenge after challenge like the BAMF she is. She found a compatriot in Dr. Weissman, the other recipient of the Nobel, and we eventually ended up with the ability to make vaccines that are basically just guaranteed to be safe (remember how mRNA is crazy fragile? That means it doesn't even stick around long enough to so anything at all aside from pissing off your immune system). AND we can basically just... print it. For more 'traditional' vaccines manufacturing is a huge pain, they have to culture virus, growing it in chicken eggs, harvesting it, doing stuff to inactivate or kill it, then get it into a form that'll be stable, then do tons of additional testing to make sure its not accidentally infectious, just all kinds of stuff that simply isn't necessary with mRNA. The COVID vaccine is only the beginning for mRNA. As Nobel-worthy as anything I've ever learned about.
only semi on topic: One time in high school I was in science class and the principal said over the PA "is there an alfred nobel in the building?" And my teacher just stopped teaching, starting looking under his desk, and our desks and in all the closets...then walked into the hall. Then a few minutes later he came back in and said "someone called in a bomb threat, and "alfred nobel" is the code word for "look around for suspicious packages".
You posted this comment in response to a 78-minute long video *four* minutes after it was posted. How could you possibly even know what is in the video or if you have anything of any value to add to a discussion?
@@koavf it's a video about the Nobel Prize, something named for Alfred Nobel lol. Given that, if the comment ended up being completely unrelated then that would be the fault of the video anyway for having a misleading title. I do understand getting annoyed with surface level takes about the stuff at the very start of a video filling the comments section, but this was a fun little story and you're just being a hater (and I'm of course being a bit of a hater in writing this comment).
@@koavfAngela mentions Alfred Nobel, OP's subject to their tangential point, within 60 seconds. I don't think it's that much a stretch for someone to hear the name and remember this anecdote. Relax and go back to watching the video.
For what it's worth, your description of the symptoms was exactly what I experienced, and the doctors and nurses explained the condition the same way you did.
I think your arguments about how the Nobel prize works and how limited it is, how they don't have to be the best etc are extremely valid. For people who are in the field, that's pretty obvious. The issue is, that for the public audience that isn't obvious at all unfortunately. Which brings a big problem of trust, misbelief or misunderstanding. A lot of these people still believe that Nobel prize winners are the best of the best and therefore can't be criticized. This sometimes even seeps into the science community. Which makes it hard to discuss certain topics at all. Even when other people are far more knowledgeable and experienced in certain topics.
For his groundbreaking work in organic semiconductors, the plastic fantastic Jan Hendrick Schon gets the nobel prize. . A magnifying glass appears and melts him... (View zooms out. it's a Calvin and Hobbes comic) Calvin's dad: What was that about? Calvin's mom: He really hates this Shawn fellow. He says he only writes Umlauts for people who don't commit scientific fraud.
Your section at the end is something I am continually amazed I have to explain to people. We really do be living in a society. Thank you for explaining it better than I do - maybe I can just link people to the smart physics lady instead of trying to do it myself 😂
Thank you for making this video! And I want to especially thank you for the last 7 minutes. I have had T1D / LADA for 23 years, and there were times in the beginning where I had to ration or take less effective insulin. It wasn't until later did I realize how dangerous it was. I am very privileged to be able to afford it now, but may people are not as lucky. And, they should not have to be put in that situation. Especially not because it improves a company's bottom line.
The 2023 Covid example is a tiny bit misleading. Their work to develop mRNA based vaccines happened in the 90s and early 2000s. The impact of their work became enormous when Covid mRNA vaccines could be developed faster than vaccines had ever before. So their work had already been "proven" and awarding it to them in 2023 was quite safe. I say this to point out they were awarded for years/decades of work (not the days/weeks it took to develop the Covid vaccines)!
Tbf the covid vaccine took more like months to develop but it's still a record fast development for a vaccine, which is why mRNA vaccines are so amazing.
Im so sorry you went into this research. There is so much suffering in medical history in general, its absolutely soul crushing and I`m not even a doctor
i cried so hard during the diabetes segment y'all. both of my grandpa's and even my grand uncle have type 1, as well as a couple of friends. understanding how much bleaker life would be without insulin, and how people won this fight against something that seemed undefeatable, i can't do this mannn😭😭 thank you science...
I think you and my mom have opposite problems. She’s got a PhD in education or something, whatever qualifies you to be a superintendent of a high school. However, whenever a family member gets hurt, she goes “don’t worry, I’m a doctor”.
Thanks! The sad truth is that Davis Ricks isn't exception in his greed and there would be a line of people down the block willing to take his job and be just as uncaring and cruel.
At one hour mark: This is one the most interesting aspects of science to me, it's built on a collaborative effort, and there are some moments a few inventions and discoveries that will simply happen because all the ground work has been done in the past collaboratively by a host of people, so we end up with several people working on the same project at around the same time, even if later on we end up remembering only the first, or the one that was more famous or rich to get their ideas across. A classic example is calculus, Leibniz and Newton weren't divining, they built upon Descartes, Kepler, Napier, etc. Cayley's work on the physics of aeroplane led to several people independently inventing aeroplanes continents apart in a very short span of time. Science is not built by great men sprinkled through history whose singular ingenuity single-handedly pushes humanity forth, but a bunch of people iteratively building upon the work of those who came before and alongside them, approaching problems with a diversity of perspectives that, in due time, lead to not just breakthroughs but the pieces of the puzzles that those who come after them will use to develop the collection of human knowledge even further.
@@wolfmaster0579 It was related to ballistite, Alfred Nobels second invention. Ballistite revolutionized manufacturing of weapons, since it was first smokeless propellant, it allowed manufacturing of machine guns. There is reason he was called "Merchant of Death". She didnt do reasarch in the video.
@@dragoaus Yes it was related, but the point was addressing the claim regarding dynamight in relation to the story for why Nobel wanted to make the prize. Should she have included it, yes, but it’s a minor quip regarding
I've watched a few of your videos, and im gonna be honest ive clicked off halfway through on a lot of them. Not because your videos sre bad but because my attention span is cooked-but i just wanted to say this video held my attention all the way through and was extremely intormative. Thank you for putting this out here. :)
Well done Angela, we very much need people like you who can combine intelligence and knowledge with empathy and an actual understanding of the difference between good and evil. I really hope that many people will hear your message loud and clear.
Thanks for remembering César Lattes, I am really sad for him not getting the prize. And as controversial as it might be, I don't care what the winner does in his life or opinions they might have, don't matter how wrong it is. The prize should be awarded by the work done, like a student is graded by his grades and not his behaviors.
Now the laureate, having just made it in time thanks to the critical suppirt they received whilst en route, has arrived at the awards, presenting a near complete Nobel Lecture, where we are now...
I feel like it should be mentioned that the US had very similar "boarding schools" to our Canadian "residential schools" until 1968. It should also be mentioned that even though the residential schools are now closed, Indigenous genocide still continues in Canada (and the US, though I'm less familiar with your particulars). In Canada, Indigenous people are 5% of the population and yet 32% of our prison population (and rising rapidly, by 40% just between 2008 and 2018 (also, Indigenous women are even more overrepresented, at a full 50% of our female prison population)), as a continuation of such strategies as the "Sixties Scoop" (kidnapping Indigenous children en masse into the foster care system (which itself is seeing a resurgence at the moment despite legislation in the 80s that was supposed to end the practice)) and residential schools to separate families and thereby destroy national patterns. Then there's the criminal underfunding of reserves and their infrastructure to the point that most suffer regular 'boil water' advisories (which causes crime which creates justification for all these other strategies). Then there are the "starlight tours", a practice where police arrest Indigenous people in the winter and drive them out to remote locations where they are left to freeze to death. Much as we in Canada take great pride in being nicer than Americans, at best we're half a second behind on the doomsday clock. We're even losing our publically funded healthcare, with two provinces rapidly privatizing and several others looking to follow suit.
I don’t know if there are awards for TH-camrs beyond acknowledgements for quantity of subs. I think they should have awards for innovating and making the best use of the platform and I think you are the ideal candidate for such an award.
The most interesting thing about the Nobel Prize is reading the journalistic summary of what those works entailed and what the actual award was given for specifically. Knowing the topic will induce the harshest cringe to see the essence of the idea and work, broken down, nay, butchered like that. Reading or listening to the summaries of other fields will yet make you go "Yeah I got it, well everyone knows that, well it´s so simple even I could have figured that out." A joyous rollercoaster every year. Favourite time of the year to listen in on conversations of other people in public transport as well.
Correction: the "covid vaccine" Noble was given for work performed in the 1980s and 1990s to develop mRNA vaccines. So not immediate at all. The quickest prize awarded was (in biology) for the discovery of iduced pluripotent stem cells in Japan (around 10 years later)
Bednorz abd Müller discovered high temperature cuprate superconductors in 1986 and were awarded the prize in 1987. Binnig and Rohrer invented the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981 and won the prize in 1986. Ketterle, Cornell, and Wieman won the 2001 prize for isolated BEC systems that they demonstrated in 1995. So there have been some much quicker ones in physics.
@chrisl6546 Yeah, I think biology needs more time to confirm that a discovery was accurate. Biological systems are, on average, much noiser than say a chemical experiment
What a coincidence! On my visit to the hospital, this morning, I passed a statue of Egas Moniz - the Portuguese physician who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1949. His contribution? The leucotomy - a precursor to the lobotomy, from my limited understanding. (I am not a medical doctor either; I went there as a patient and no, to my great disappointment, I didn't get the lobotomy I've been craving.)
As a Swede I’ve gone through all kinds of positions on the prizes, and our institutions qualification to distribute them. Safe to say, the supposed prestige that underpin the whole concept has dubious merit. Even so, I do enjoy that once a year the news cycle is non disaster-based.
as another Swede, I'd love to see Peace, Economics and Literature disappear. The three sciences are more than good enough, warts and all, but the other three? Nopes
"High acidity in blood means exactly what you would think. If you're a chemist, hydrogen ions in your blood. *If you're a physicist, a lot of protons in your blood.*" It's crazy how crazy that sounds while being strictly true.
I'm 69 and I was drawn into science fiction as a grade school student. One of the many reasons SF appealed to me was that science and facts and reason seemed to be such a crystal clear approach to how life should work. It is truly sad that I as i aged it became apparent that this does not happen. There are a small number of humans whose philosophy, if it can be called that, is that fact and reason and science area obstacles to overcome. I suppose I've become more cynical as I've aged. Although, in my more humorous moments, I like to think if cynicism as pattern recognition. I do enjoy your careful and thoughtful approach in your videos. Keep it up.
Angela, what a stunning and amazing story. Thank you for your work in compiling this information and laying it out so well. Now I know who to thank for the insulin I shoot up daily. And why. I'm so glad I subscribe to your videos.
![ประสบการณ์ จ้าง Developer ที่ผมจะไม่มีวันลืม [ภาค2]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/pZbsSDRrmXA/mqdefault.jpg)
I think I forgot to mention that professionally I am a physicist and not a medical doctor.
that’s not what you said when you treated my dad
@bug688 Yes, OP comment is lies and she is clearly a medical doctor.
But your dad now exists in a quantum state, which is arguably better.
Neat, I’m not a professional physicist but I am a professional medical doctor.
"astro" in the channel name stands for "gastroenterologist"
My screen: "who gets the Nobel prize?"
Angela Collier
My brain: "Oh, good for her"
The first Nobel Peace Prize awarded to a TH-cam channel
It wouldn't be the Peace Prize, maybe the Literature one.
Sadly, as she says at 13:55, it doesn't go to the "the bestest brain in the world" so no prize for Angela. 😡
Is there a prize for most exasperated?
No?
It's fine, it's fine.
@@gasdive "IT'S FINE."
Speaking of having youtube brain rot, when you said "before I can tell you about the discovery of insulin", I absolutely expected the next line to be "I need to tell you about this video's sponsor, Brilliant"
The muscle memory already pressed the forward button
i expected raid shadow legends.
OMG ME TOO
My half-way ad was for Rybelsus. The cogs in the YT machine learning mind must be like: "Oh good... she's talking about insulin, her viewers probably need Rybelsus."
if you get SponsorBlock you'll never have to see one of those again*
* except very rarely if you're early in watching a video
You were ahead of your time with your end video rant 😅 seems like you were the one playing 3d chess dr!
"Should I go to medical school? No, I am horrible with people."
As if this has stopped any doctor ever.
yeah if movies taught me anything that is a prerequisite for brain surgeons
Well, clearly it didn’t stop the doctors (assuming you meant medical doctors), but it may have turned some would-be and might-have-beens away from becoming doctors
My aunt, who's a nurse, always used to tell me I'd make a great nurse.
I replied that I doubt it as I have low empathy and struggle to care for or about people.
She merely countered that's why I'd make a great nurse.
She'd be such an amazing doctor. One of those who handle fifty studies at the same time, chat with all the patients about the theory behind the study, and somehow also do full time clinic duty at the same time.
They use specialties to manage personalities. Narcissists get made into surgeons, smart dweebs become pathologists, slackers become radiologists, and so on. There's a place for everyone
"The Merchant of Death Dies" is a crazy headline for an obit. Even Henry Kissinger only got "controversial."
people had balls back then
I think "The Superfan of Death Dies" would be more accurate for Kissinger
in my side of the world the headlines sure were along the lines of "the merchant of death died.
john oliver also had a fitting reaction toward kissinger's death
The crazy thing is how many people that headline could be about, including David Ricks.
"Controversial" is one of the modern journalist's worst insults
Angela goes to Medical school and becomes a GP.
Goes on long rants to patients about the super interesting history behind the disease that's going to kill them.
@@professorrubickmagusgrandi7909 all I can picture is her in her office, lab coat and all, sitting across from patients wholesomely geeking out about the detailed pathophysiology of the cancer killing them, all with the same energy she brings to the videos. 😂l
I forget his name, but in the 1920s the Canadian government asked a guy to do a report on the residential schools after some complaints. They chose a super hardcore anti-indigenous politician to ensure it would be positive. His ensuing report said the residential schools were a crime against humanity. This led to minor reforms in 1929 but the system continued to get worse.
I think a big point against ghosts is that those schools aren't wall-to-wall ethereal shrieking. Amazing how few know about them.
It's truly difficult to understand that there were hundreds or thousands of people in this country across almost a century who's full-time job it was to just torture kids. And they gained pretty much no personal benefit from it except some perverse gratification (which was probably a pretty big incentive considering the many, many, many, many cases of sexual abuse that took place in residential schools).
@@Anything_Random Cops and soldiers don't get much gratification either, yet they mainly work to uphold the power of the politicians and the capitalists. Man is the dumbest animal on this planet.
His name was Peter Bryce and he was a public health physician. He was appointed CMO and he wrote the report in 1907 but it was suppressed by the government and he was forced to retire in 1921. He then published the report after that. The government knew about the horrors and they covered it up.
New saddest five word story: They ran out of dogs.
Which means "Dog pancreatomy: sample number 409" had a very short time as a champion.
the GIT cancer research related to fibre fermentation and luminal contents I had to read on dogs was disgusting. The way they would surgically "modify" the dogs to help the collection of small bowel contents was ... from a time before ethics requirements... And worse than pointless, because it turns out carnivore small bowel function has almost nothing in common with humans and those differences actually held back the finding of consensus on whether fermentation of fibres into SCFAs beneficially affected human colonocyte metabolism
As a plumber I’ll add to the identifying diabetes segment: it you have a moldy toilet bowl but the tank behind it is normal it’s from the sugar in your urine. Had a couple customers find out this way.
Interesting 🧐
Hmm I should start mentioning this to patients starting on SGLT2 inhibitors
Holy shit
Moldy toilet bowl? What’s wrong with you people?
Wow, I guess if they ever cleaned their toilet bowl, they'd have never found out! Sigh.
hey fun fact about residential schools: in a lot of (especially remote) communities, the former residential school is still the main schoolhouse for predominantly indigenous communities, so you have generations of elders being traumatized when they have to go watch their grandkids put on a school play :)
The horror story gets… more horrific
Why am I not having fun with this fact?
Just to add to this, in the UK insulin is free for anyone with diabetes. The average cost of insulin for the state / National Health Service (NHS) is between $14 to $120 per month per person. That's largely thanks to the bargaining power of the NHS.
This is the first positive thing I've heard about the NHS in a while.
It’s also free in Brazil
Too bad there is that kind of market for insulin. Seems a little messed up that you can negotiate a product down bc the scale is so large.
@@tylerbetthauser7647you think it's bad when life-saving medicine is cheaper to provide to patients??
@@tylerbetthauser7647that's what should happen in healthcare; this also applies to women's sanitary products
Arthur and Kermit are slowly getting consumed by the book pile
sealed up like fortunato
#SaveKermit
Watched it for the science but the after-credit bit about access to basic medical care really, really hits home. I don't understand how it's not a generally accepted standard of common decency that nobody should have too much until everybody has enough. I don't care if we have rich or even mega-rich people so long as all of the people who AREN'T rich have a reasonable standard of living. And yes, I am also happy to have my taxes pay for that.
Yes, it’ll never make sense to me that the richest country in the world ATM doesn’t give its citizens free basic health care, and is, in fact, the only remaining major country that doesn’t.
@@rawnet101 because socialism, you commie bastard.... and WOKE! /centrist and right-wing fearmongering mixed together
@@rawnet101the corporations profit, the government doesn't spend. People are busy fighting the economy and each other, so never realising they could also fight the power
The system is about fast growth, not healthy growth
Hi Angela! Indigenous Canadian here. Worth noting that the residential school system was not limited to Canada - the Carlisle Industrial School, for instance, was a similar sort of institution in Pennsylvania.
This is not to excuse anything or engage in any whataboutism! Just wanted to make sure you know.
Why would anyone think this is an excuse?
@smort123 idk some ppl are dumb
@@smort123 Tone is tough over text, so I wanted to make sure it wasn't misinterpreted. People pull the "they did it too" move as a defense/excuse for all sorts of things, I wanted to be sure that's not how my comment read.
I was gonna say, that sounds suspiciously close to the US's bloody history
The western US had a number of them as well, with the highest attendance in the 1970s! adults would punish students for using their own language, forced christianity on them and lots of other horror stories... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools
I wonder how Angela is feeling about the 2024 physics prize going to machine learning.
This video has aged like milk
(Joking!)
"mAcHiNe lEaRnInG iS cLoSeLy rElAtEd tO pHySiCs"
Tell such buffoons to fuck off.
This the video I'm waiting for lol
I think she'd be really, really disappointed in you, actually. The neural network research the 2024 Nobel price in physics was awarded for has nothing to do with the Generative AI that people have chosen to lens the culture war through. If you think Dr Colier would resent it because she has rightly criticised the ridiculous use cases finance bros try do dream up for Generative AI, you're just expressing a total lack of familiarity with the actual science these things are built with.
Neural Networks are amazing machines you can do genuinely amazing things with. Hopfield and Hinton did great work. You should be ashamed for lumping them in with Silicon Valley hype-men through nothing but your own horrific, all-consuming ignorance.
As a computer scientist, I think that prize was crazy. It was not "physics research". And you know that because Hinton's work not motivated by the goal of solving a physics problem. The goal was to advance the field of artificial intelligence. And it was done in computer science departments, in collaboration with other computer scientists, with funding from computer-science funding agencies. Is it an attempt for the field of physics to take credit for the development of AI?
Always good to see a professional medical doctor dabbling in science communication!
"edward albert sharpey schaefer" sounds like if an author had two potential names for a character and couldnt decide which they prefered so they just used both
He was born Edward Albert Schäfer. The Sharpey bit came later. His son John Sharpey Schafer (Sharpey was his middle name) died in the First World war. Memorialising him, Edward Albert Schäfer took the name Sharpey-Schafer in 1918.
He sounds like JK Rowling named him 😭
I knew WIllard Libby's stepson, and he told me that Libby, who got the Nobel Prize for Carbon-14 dating told him that one doesn't get the Nobel Prize for significantly advancing science. He said you get it for first making an advancement, then spending years shoving it down the throat of each and every naysayer who disputes it until they give up and award you the prize. Fortunately for Libby he was an ornery cuss who enjoyed doing just that.
The person I've always felt deserved the Prize who never got it was George Gamow. He was in the middle of 3 major advancements in physics that received Nobel prizes, but he wasn't one of the recipients.
In my case, although not claiming the full prize but recognising I'd made the difference in winning it, it reached me through the Press release which explained it was awarded to the EU and its forerunners (us lot in WEU). As I explained elsewhere here, although WEU was defunct and could not be honoured, we were not, so the mention had to be made. Among my better moments was the completion of Gandhi's unfinished business, facilitated because my mother was PA to his High Commissioner Krishna Mennon here in London in 1946-7, and placing him among the unnamed forerunners. Righting that wrong made it impossible to deny my work, as he'd doubtless have wished. Nobody else was involved other than my interlocutors, and the complete work involved a degree of numinous alignment which has helped make it mature over the last quarter century until the other antagonist realised the reality was peace had happened unexpectedly.
@@JelMain calls for an intervention
Is stepson a young earth creationist?
@@ggarber4763, no. He's the most educated scientist I've ever met who didn't have a PhD, or any degree at all. (He got kicked out of Swarthmore for protesting the Vietnam War, and never went back.) BTW, he was born at Los Alamos, where his mother and father were both physicists on Fermi's team from the time they helped Fermi build the atomic pile beneath the bleachers at Stagg Field. Enrico was his babysitter. He's an absolutely fascinating dude.
@@ggarber4763Sounds like it, doesn’t it. Anecdotal all the same…
I have so much additional respect for you on account of your conclusion. As soon as you started talking about insulin, I wondered if the true horror of the story would be the human cost of corporate apathy and greed.
You’re awesome, we love you in our household, and my kiddo told me to tell you that our cats said “Hello.”
Brasil mentioned!! (commenting just to increase video engagement metric, love your stuff)
Hey' as a type 1 diabetic who never heard this story, I loved your telling of it!
I tend to be forgiving of those attempting to treat diabetes at this time, successful and otherwise. I can't imagine how impossible human diabetes research was at the time. It's horrific so many children were starved needlessly, but I imagine there's an alternate world out there where they killed 400 dogs for some unfounded insulin assumption which turned out to be bunk. I'm happy enough crazy scientists kept throwing darts at the wall so I have a chance to live and watch TH-cam videos.
Thanks for your work!
Type-1 diabetic here! Thank you for providing such a comprehensive overview for the experience of diabetes. Not only was it very accurate (you may not be a medical doctor, but your research and communication was careful and accurate!), but it was also incredibly humanizing. Thank you for approaching this with so much empathy and care. Definitely going to be sharing this with some of my fellow diabetics!
On people becoming a bit crazy after getting their nobel prize, one of my professors told us about the time he met Josephson, presumably intending to talk about superconductors, and he kept talking about how he could move objects with his mind.
i remember hearing that sharpless tastes non nitrogen containing chemicals he synthesizes and i’m pretty sure he did that before he got the prize so i think some people are just crazy
Getting to see your own obituary would definitely be an extremely enlightening experience
An hour into this video I realised "Oh yeah this is still a video about the Nobel Prize... so it only goes to some of them... oh no".
I've always commended your brilliant tangents Angela, but in this one you've truly outdone yourself. You had me completely, I had forgotten the name of the video. Just so completely riveting.
One thing I would like to note, reading the other comments here, even a few pages down, they're all lovely. I mean sure you're a fantastic story teller, but that you've attracted such lovely commenters, on TH-cam of all platforms, I think that's a really impressive achievement. It takes a very good person to bring out the best of people on this platform.
Thank you for making this video ❤
Right! This the only channel on which I read comments because they often actually bring out new interesting angles on the subjects and have a sense of good humor.
@@tinka2452Same, her and Rebecca Watson both have EXCELLENT comment sections! Not without some portion of misogyny and buttheadery, but a disproportionately high number of really quality comments and nice people lol
my partner has type 1 diabetes and him getting diagnosed and starting insulin was night and day. So many issues cleared up and it honestly changed the way that I looked at it. I knew people with diabetes, but I had never seen the stark difference between treated and untreated type 1. Incredible video as always, very cool story and some people that saved so many lives.
Edit: Wrote that just before the credits and im glad that you also mentioned the disgrace that is the current state of healthcare and insulin prices. Eli lily is a vile and disgusting company that is probably the most overt example of corporate greed choosing to have people die for money. david ricks will never see the light of heaven
in all the rest of the world is free...
If there was a Nobel Prize for scicomm, I would nominate you for this video. And they would probably ignore me because I am not on the committee or whatever, but js
Re: Canada - It didn't stop in 1996, it just transitioned to a different form. Starting in mid-20th century, the residential school system began to be replaced by the child welfare system, where instead of the police kidnapping children and sending them to be abused by nuns and priests, social workers started kidnapping indigenous children purely on the basis of the indigeneity of their parents, and sending them far away from their communities to be abused by non-indigenous caregivers. This is commonly known as the 60's Scoop, and the federal government formally apologized for it in 2008. Except it didn't end in 2008, let alone in the 60's. There are more indigenous children in care of the Canadian state today than there were at the height of the residential school system. The indigenous people I know refer to this as "the millennial scoop." Part of how this happens is a practice called "birth alerts" (duckduckgo it) where hospitals have a policy of immediately informing the local children's aid society any time a child is born to an indigenous parent, as if being indigenous alone was grounds for suspected child abuse. Most provinces (with the notable exception of Quebec) officially ended birth alerts on paper between 2019 and 2021, but a lot of hospitals still practice it as unofficial policy to this day.
jesus christ that's horrible
I mean, not to take away from your point but res schools lasted until 2012, that's when the last one was closed down (it was in Saskatchewan). It didn't steal babies at that point, but it was trying to end FN culture and shit still.
@@nodthenbow I didn't know that! I knew there were still a few in the US running off of private donations, but I always just heard the same "last one closed in 1996" factoid that Dr Collier had heard. I imagine there must be some technicality why the one that closed in 2012 it isn't counted, like funding source or something like that. Do you know what it was called? Search engines are so worthless these days, and I can't find anything about it.
To add on there have been cases of non consensual sterilisation of indigenous women as recently as 2018
Medicine is just another branch of the state as usual
I love the way you talk so much. Particularly I really like that you say the important parts of what you're trying to communicate three or four times. I've caught myself doing it a couple times having spent a fair bit of time with your work. It's a very helpful and often amusing verb tic.
Thanks for all your hard work angela
Dr. Collier, thank you for the story, the outrage and the humanity. Living in our large complex societies is a challenge and our roles as citizens is important and challenging. I should however admit one of my reasons for listening to your talks is to hear you say "wackadoo" and "fine". I hope this does not ruin our friendship.
Donna Strickland was an Associate Professor at University of Waterloo: UW tells her she should apply for full Professorship after she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018.
"Congrats on the Nobel! We think you might be eligible for tenure now!"
@@Mighty_AtheismoOr, at least for a tenure-track position, pending committee review 😅
Another uw student! (Probably)
I remember in 2018 some of us were concerned they were gonna raise the tuition closer to the engineering/cs/afm level. Thankfully that didn't happen (except it pretty much did when college dropout Doug Ford got elected and cut funding for many affordable education initiatives also in 2018)
As a Canadian, I find the American medical system a never ending horror story... those headlines are shocking. insulin costs maybe 10x less here... and we're not special... it's the US that is the only one that can't figure this out... so sad. We hope you do. It's cheap enough here, we treated our cat for years, granted she's a lot lighter than a human so we needed a lot less, but still I think at US prices we could not have done that. Great Job!
Oh, the US has figured it out. That's why there's so much lobbying to keep things the way they are.
Our system is not terrible by accident or out of ignorance. Ignorance only plays a role in convincing the population not to demand change.
It was because he invented smokeless gun powder that he was associated with war, him inventing dynamite was a good thing but smokeless powder revolutionized warfare at the time. It was one of the things that led to bullet cartridges like we know them today instead of muskets. So Nobel made it possible to go from muskets to machine guns. I read his biography in middle school for a project I needed to do well on to pass and the info has lived in my brain ever since, I feel like The Gambit. “You don’t know how long I’ve been waiting for this…”
In time, he might've invented smokeless dynamite!
But the "early obituary" was still apocryphal, right?
@@bertramusb8162 it sounds familiar, i know he was concerned with his legacy as someone who enabled the evolution of warfare, but i read it like 17 years ago so im not sure. If I remember right he believed that his invention would make war so terrible no one would do it anymore but i may be miss attributing that.
ooooi'm-
@@denim_ak "Surely *this* new advancement in technology will finally be the end-all deterrant to all conflict and no one will ever want to escalate again!"
That would have been in what, the 1880s? We never learn, do we? Maybe one day we'll get it.
the real horror story is that the "insulin is free now" tweet is 2 years old
Also check out Eli Lilly's stock price since then. :[
"Should I become a doctor? No, no, I'm horrible with people. I'm shutting that down."
I Loled at that.
The lab mouse statue makes me tear up every time
They also have a holiday in Russia for the space dogs.
I really think it's awesome the way you give the history and context for the viewer to see the patterns that underlay the points you are making.
And there are things that I would rather have explained by people who aren't in the field under analysis.
And last of all, you're just freaking awesome.
From the context of everything it's just a shame Collip didn't win, but showed a lot of humility in not trying to claim credit, especially after two of the people involved, died.
I absolutely love your empathy and humanism. It's pretty moving, actually, to be reminded that there are people who care.
I'm a type 1 diabetic diagnosed at 28. From my understanding, you can have a genetic predisposition to develop type 1, but genetics alone don't cause type 1. Type 1 has to be triggered by a virus that looks enough like your beta cells for your immune system to confuse your beta cells for the virus. For me it was probably covid, since I developed Type 1 within a year after I first got covid. And that's all according to my endocrinologist. Usually a virus during childhood is the trigger, but I guess us adult type 1s are either less sensitive to the virus trigger, or haven’t had a virus that confused the immune system enough to trigger beta cell antibodies until later in life.
Anyways thanks for the video! Thoroughly disgusted about the history but also grateful to be alive in 2024 and not 1924.
how about antibody from pre-infection inoculation?
If that was the case you’d expect almost all type 1s to be diagnosed in early childhood as the vast, vast majority of vaccinations people undergo happen before age 18.
@@dawert2667 possibly viruses have protein similar to our cell but due to autoimmune-syndrome our B & T-cell fail to avoid selecting that protein during learning.
Angela Collier, you did a good science.
100
It's so refreshing to hear a doctor talk about diabetes in a way I can understand it.
Thank you doctor! I'm going to base my life decisions on what you just said.
Banting looks so much like Daniel Craig it's uncanny. Also, Collip is the biggest gigachad I have ever heard of. Thanks for this video it was so awesome I got emotional and proud to be part of science even though we have little recognition. Great content as always
As a Brazilian physics undergrad I can say that we’ll be forever pissed about the fact that Lattes never won a nobel or even Mario Schenberg
On dynamite in warfare: that "You may live to see manmade horrors beyond your comprehension" quote is supposed to come from Tesla (who was also a eugenecist) when he was demonstrating a radio controlled rowboat. An onlooker was like "you should put dynamite on it and use it to sink ships." 100 years later and we've got drone warfare.
On the other hand, he DID live to see applied eugenics, with forced sterilizations kicking off around the time of his death.
@@mariusvanc Except for the stuff he was dead wrong about or could offer no evidence for, including his belief that radio communication wouldn't work, that electrons don't exist, that space has no curvature, that there were cosmic rays moving faster than the speed of light, and that the earth was a perfect medium for sending long-distance electrical signals. His Wardenclyffe tower project was a waste of money and for all his patents and occasional successes, he turned into a bit of a scam artist.
Tesla did have his own private naval drone warfare program on which he wrote about pretty extensively, he was trying to make war too messy to be possible. Though one good thing was that he accidentally patented a lot of underlying technology for computers, so computers flourished pretty freely when their time came.
I have asthma. Imagine me watching the end of this video and finding out THIS is why my prescription for Flovent randomly got changed.
you'd think someone else would jump on producing generics by now
In Sweden we can choose between the brand of medication on the prescription and a cheaper generic medication and we only pay about $200 a year for all medication on prescription except for a few ones that aren't necessary to treat serious conditions.
I certainly hope that that "$300 dollars for an asthma pump" was just a random number and not what Americans actually pay... Around here they cost the equivalent of about $2.
@@DreamThorn They pay up to like $5000 for an ambulance ride. $300 seems cheap by american standards
Edwin Hubble didn't get get one, despite proving the expansion of the Universe. This omission shows the bias against astronomers that make physics related discoveries. Hubble's work directly led to the Big Bang Theory, so, kinda important to physics.
Edit: the discovery of the acceleration of that expansion, or "Dark Energy", did earn Nobels.
They did give out a Nobel for discovering dark energy, as well as one for black holes.
@@charleshendry5978 Go away, Charlie. You're not funny.......just an idiot child. Don't ever troll my comments. You drag the level of discourse down.
john bell, bells theory - probably, in my opinion, the greatest triumph
Hubble's data was so bad that it proved nothing. He may well have fudged the numbers to fit the hypothesis.
@@charleshendry5978 you know Nobel was an antisemite, right?
The biotech part of the story is arguably the most important for insulin availability around the world. Instead of extracting a worse kind of insulin from dead animals we can just make it very cheaply in yeast. No animal suffering, better product and a lot cheaper at least in countries where politicians don't allow the price gouging the US has seen to happen which is most countries.
totally off topic but i found your channel recently and i have been binging your videos and i love the long form content about just science. i'm a chemistry major and your physics and other science vids are like a breath of fresh air from grinding my third sem of orgo
I fear what researching this cost your soul but I am grateful as a Type 2
52:00 I'll cry; imagining my kid in that position and recovering in such a way - there would be no better, more overwhelming feeling
Angela: "I'm not gonna cry"
Me: "Well, that makes exactly one of us"
I hit 'like' on the video when the credits rolled. But then after the credits, there was another part that made me wish I could like it even more.
Great work
"Should I go to medical school? Do you think I would be a good doctor? Obviously not … I'm horrible with people!"
Most people who go on to become doctors don't do this kind of reflection first.
How about specializing in forensic pathology? The patients are easy to get along with.
@@GH-oi2jf nobody wants to be a cop.
Surgeons!
Yes, I have high functioning autism, but I have come to the conclusion that I'm at least more sociable and empathetic than most MDs that I have met in my life.
@@GH-oi2jf I like eating rotten flesh, so no, sorry... (I'm absolutely obsessed with eating moldy food. It has a really unique taste. It started with some overdue cranberries, then apples, then pears, then the funny maggot cheese, and so on. I've never felt sick haha)
That horror story at the end, it's capitalisim in a nutshell.
I used to walk pass Collip Building at UWO every day for years, to go to the science building to take the bus. Never knew his actual role, just that he had a role.
It isn't even spooktober yet and you served us up a very scary story. And yes evil walks among us - cheers.
The story with Dr. John Nash is even MORE interesting than 'A Beautiful Mind' portrays. They made that movie WAY too early. Dr. Nash was full-blown incoherent 'insane'. They were charitable in the movie, in reality he was very, very bad off. But, and I swear that this is entirely true, he... thought himself into sanity. He decided to start rationally checking the things the intrusive thoughts and voices he heard were saying. And he found out, no, alien CIA agents had not implanted radios in his teeth to mind control him. He did this repeatedly, and came to the conclusion that the voices and intrusive thoughts were an unreliable source of information, and so he resolved to reject them. And... it worked. He was able to leave the institution he had been confined in for years, return home, return to teaching, and was able to accept the Nobel prize for inventing game theory.
You mentioned the Nobel prize being given for the COVID vaccine. What it was actually given for was for the use of mRNA for vaccines. That is way bigger and a fundamental giant leap. Dr. Kariko deserved that Nobel and I would have cut somebody if she didn't get it. She had been telling people that mRNA could be used to create vaccines for years and years - and people laughed at her. It screwed up her career, cost her jobs, but she stuck with it. 'Everybody else' was saying mRNA was too fragile, and there would never be a way to make it stable enough to last even a few minutes, let alone long enough to be integrated into a manufactured vaccine. It was a fair point, as in the lab mRNA is so unstable and fragile that it just falls apart without you even disturbing it. Which makes sense, they're just temporary little molecules that get sent from one part of a cell to another part to send a message, and they only need to stay stable for fractions of a second in a cell. But she did all the legwork. She knew it could be made to work. She cracked challenge after challenge like the BAMF she is.
She found a compatriot in Dr. Weissman, the other recipient of the Nobel, and we eventually ended up with the ability to make vaccines that are basically just guaranteed to be safe (remember how mRNA is crazy fragile? That means it doesn't even stick around long enough to so anything at all aside from pissing off your immune system). AND we can basically just... print it. For more 'traditional' vaccines manufacturing is a huge pain, they have to culture virus, growing it in chicken eggs, harvesting it, doing stuff to inactivate or kill it, then get it into a form that'll be stable, then do tons of additional testing to make sure its not accidentally infectious, just all kinds of stuff that simply isn't necessary with mRNA. The COVID vaccine is only the beginning for mRNA. As Nobel-worthy as anything I've ever learned about.
That thing Nash did is actually not too far off how schizophrenia and other psychotic diseases are treated today.
only semi on topic: One time in high school I was in science class and the principal said over the PA "is there an alfred nobel in the building?" And my teacher just stopped teaching, starting looking under his desk, and our desks and in all the closets...then walked into the hall. Then a few minutes later he came back in and said "someone called in a bomb threat, and "alfred nobel" is the code word for "look around for suspicious packages".
You posted this comment in response to a 78-minute long video *four* minutes after it was posted. How could you possibly even know what is in the video or if you have anything of any value to add to a discussion?
(oh also, so far this is a really great video. great topic!)
@@koavf clearly never watched a youtube video at 10x speed smh
@@koavf it's a video about the Nobel Prize, something named for Alfred Nobel lol. Given that, if the comment ended up being completely unrelated then that would be the fault of the video anyway for having a misleading title. I do understand getting annoyed with surface level takes about the stuff at the very start of a video filling the comments section, but this was a fun little story and you're just being a hater (and I'm of course being a bit of a hater in writing this comment).
@@koavfAngela mentions Alfred Nobel, OP's subject to their tangential point, within 60 seconds. I don't think it's that much a stretch for someone to hear the name and remember this anecdote. Relax and go back to watching the video.
For what it's worth, your description of the symptoms was exactly what I experienced, and the doctors and nurses explained the condition the same way you did.
I think your arguments about how the Nobel prize works and how limited it is, how they don't have to be the best etc are extremely valid.
For people who are in the field, that's pretty obvious.
The issue is, that for the public audience that isn't obvious at all unfortunately.
Which brings a big problem of trust, misbelief or misunderstanding.
A lot of these people still believe that Nobel prize winners are the best of the best and therefore can't be criticized.
This sometimes even seeps into the science community.
Which makes it hard to discuss certain topics at all.
Even when other people are far more knowledgeable and experienced in certain topics.
Agreed about the public audience perception… unfortunately.. maybe hopefully one day lol
I was almost convinced she is a medical doctor until she said she wasn't at the very end.
She had me convinced until I read the comment section.
Am I stupid? Is this a joke? Didn’t she say it like about an 1/8th of the way in
Has to be a joke, based on the number of times she mentioned not being a [medical] doctor.
yeah i just finished the video. That’s egg on my face fr
Either she never said it and you lie as a carpet or I missed it
Who else is excited for Angela's medical school era?
Came to find out about the Nobel prize. Stayed to find out why my home town doesn't have a lot of stray dogs
Jan Hendrik Schön is a shining example of why that prize needs lag time. He almost made it through with flimsy peer reviews and no oversight
For his groundbreaking work in organic semiconductors, the plastic fantastic Jan Hendrick Schon gets the nobel prize. .
A magnifying glass appears and melts him...
(View zooms out. it's a Calvin and Hobbes comic)
Calvin's dad: What was that about?
Calvin's mom: He really hates this Shawn fellow. He says he only writes Umlauts for people who don't commit scientific fraud.
@hypothalapotamus5293 i need u to understand that this might be the funniest comment ive ever read
My cat Don Diego de la Vega is diabetic and I told him this story this evening whilst administering his own insulin 💙😸
That's the video! You really are doing a tremendous job at this. I get very excited when I see you've posted
Your section at the end is something I am continually amazed I have to explain to people. We really do be living in a society. Thank you for explaining it better than I do - maybe I can just link people to the smart physics lady instead of trying to do it myself 😂
My 2nd child is in tears after this horrible Video. Poor young Glucogon trusted you so much. :(
Thank you for making this video! And I want to especially thank you for the last 7 minutes. I have had T1D / LADA for 23 years, and there were times in the beginning where I had to ration or take less effective insulin. It wasn't until later did I realize how dangerous it was. I am very privileged to be able to afford it now, but may people are not as lucky. And, they should not have to be put in that situation. Especially not because it improves a company's bottom line.
The 2023 Covid example is a tiny bit misleading. Their work to develop mRNA based vaccines happened in the 90s and early 2000s. The impact of their work became enormous when Covid mRNA vaccines could be developed faster than vaccines had ever before.
So their work had already been "proven" and awarding it to them in 2023 was quite safe.
I say this to point out they were awarded for years/decades of work (not the days/weeks it took to develop the Covid vaccines)!
Tbf the covid vaccine took more like months to develop but it's still a record fast development for a vaccine, which is why mRNA vaccines are so amazing.
Im so sorry you went into this research. There is so much suffering in medical history in general, its absolutely soul crushing and I`m not even a doctor
Yup. There's a lot of things you can't ethically set up an experiment for. But if you don't have ethics its still valuable results...
i cried so hard during the diabetes segment y'all. both of my grandpa's and even my grand uncle have type 1, as well as a couple of friends. understanding how much bleaker life would be without insulin, and how people won this fight against something that seemed undefeatable, i can't do this mannn😭😭
thank you science...
I think you and my mom have opposite problems. She’s got a PhD in education or something, whatever qualifies you to be a superintendent of a high school. However, whenever a family member gets hurt, she goes “don’t worry, I’m a doctor”.
Goes without saying but i think many people would love a follow up considering how "controversial"/unexpected the winner this year is!
Thanks! The sad truth is that Davis Ricks isn't exception in his greed and there would be a line of people down the block willing to take his job and be just as uncaring and cruel.
"silence is free" will be my new motto now
At one hour mark: This is one the most interesting aspects of science to me, it's built on a collaborative effort, and there are some moments a few inventions and discoveries that will simply happen because all the ground work has been done in the past collaboratively by a host of people, so we end up with several people working on the same project at around the same time, even if later on we end up remembering only the first, or the one that was more famous or rich to get their ideas across. A classic example is calculus, Leibniz and Newton weren't divining, they built upon Descartes, Kepler, Napier, etc. Cayley's work on the physics of aeroplane led to several people independently inventing aeroplanes continents apart in a very short span of time. Science is not built by great men sprinkled through history whose singular ingenuity single-handedly pushes humanity forth, but a bunch of people iteratively building upon the work of those who came before and alongside them, approaching problems with a diversity of perspectives that, in due time, lead to not just breakthroughs but the pieces of the puzzles that those who come after them will use to develop the collection of human knowledge even further.
Alfred Nobel owned the weapon factory Bofors and earned a lot of his fortune from selling weapons
He was largest weapons manufacturer of that time. Its like she didnt reasarch the topic at all.
Yes, but it wasn’t related to dynamite specifically, which was the point.
@@wolfmaster0579 It was related to ballistite, Alfred Nobels second invention. Ballistite revolutionized manufacturing of weapons, since it was first smokeless propellant, it allowed manufacturing of machine guns. There is reason he was called "Merchant of Death". She didnt do reasarch in the video.
@@dragoaus Yes it was related, but the point was addressing the claim regarding dynamight in relation to the story for why Nobel wanted to make the prize. Should she have included it, yes, but it’s a minor quip regarding
Regardless
I've watched a few of your videos, and im gonna be honest ive clicked off halfway through on a lot of them. Not because your videos sre bad but because my attention span is cooked-but i just wanted to say this video held my attention all the way through and was extremely intormative. Thank you for putting this out here. :)
Well done Angela, we very much need people like you who can combine intelligence and knowledge with empathy and an actual understanding of the difference between good and evil. I really hope that many people will hear your message loud and clear.
Thanks for remembering César Lattes, I am really sad for him not getting the prize.
And as controversial as it might be, I don't care what the winner does in his life or opinions they might have, don't matter how wrong it is. The prize should be awarded by the work done, like a student is graded by his grades and not his behaviors.
"-emia, meaning presence in blood"
Now the laureate, having just made it in time thanks to the critical suppirt they received whilst en route, has arrived at the awards, presenting a near complete Nobel Lecture, where we are now...
Ah the chubbyemu youtube brainrot
I feel like it should be mentioned that the US had very similar "boarding schools" to our Canadian "residential schools" until 1968.
It should also be mentioned that even though the residential schools are now closed, Indigenous genocide still continues in Canada (and the US, though I'm less familiar with your particulars). In Canada, Indigenous people are 5% of the population and yet 32% of our prison population (and rising rapidly, by 40% just between 2008 and 2018 (also, Indigenous women are even more overrepresented, at a full 50% of our female prison population)), as a continuation of such strategies as the "Sixties Scoop" (kidnapping Indigenous children en masse into the foster care system (which itself is seeing a resurgence at the moment despite legislation in the 80s that was supposed to end the practice)) and residential schools to separate families and thereby destroy national patterns. Then there's the criminal underfunding of reserves and their infrastructure to the point that most suffer regular 'boil water' advisories (which causes crime which creates justification for all these other strategies). Then there are the "starlight tours", a practice where police arrest Indigenous people in the winter and drive them out to remote locations where they are left to freeze to death.
Much as we in Canada take great pride in being nicer than Americans, at best we're half a second behind on the doomsday clock. We're even losing our publically funded healthcare, with two provinces rapidly privatizing and several others looking to follow suit.
I don’t know if there are awards for TH-camrs beyond acknowledgements for quantity of subs. I think they should have awards for innovating and making the best use of the platform and I think you are the ideal candidate for such an award.
The most interesting thing about the Nobel Prize is reading the journalistic summary of what those works entailed and what the actual award was given for specifically. Knowing the topic will induce the harshest cringe to see the essence of the idea and work, broken down, nay, butchered like that. Reading or listening to the summaries of other fields will yet make you go "Yeah I got it, well everyone knows that, well it´s so simple even I could have figured that out." A joyous rollercoaster every year. Favourite time of the year to listen in on conversations of other people in public transport as well.
I really love this sort of content! ❤
The history of science development is very seldom taught at schools.
Take a shot every time “not a doctor” is mentioned
I'm not a doctor... but I don't think that would be good for your health.
I for one would like a Stuff You Missed in History Class style podcast about Nobel nominees that were passed over for some reason or another.
Thanks!
Correction: the "covid vaccine" Noble was given for work performed in the 1980s and 1990s to develop mRNA vaccines. So not immediate at all. The quickest prize awarded was (in biology) for the discovery of iduced pluripotent stem cells in Japan (around 10 years later)
Bednorz abd Müller discovered high temperature cuprate superconductors in 1986 and were awarded the prize in 1987. Binnig and Rohrer invented the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981 and won the prize in 1986. Ketterle, Cornell, and Wieman won the 2001 prize for isolated BEC systems that they demonstrated in 1995. So there have been some much quicker ones in physics.
@chrisl6546 Yeah, I think biology needs more time to confirm that a discovery was accurate. Biological systems are, on average, much noiser than say a chemical experiment
What a coincidence! On my visit to the hospital, this morning, I passed a statue of Egas Moniz - the Portuguese physician who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1949. His contribution? The leucotomy - a precursor to the lobotomy, from my limited understanding. (I am not a medical doctor either; I went there as a patient and no, to my great disappointment, I didn't get the lobotomy I've been craving.)
You are seriously my favorite Science creator thanks so much for your work
Is Angela diagnosing me with diabetes and suggesting I drink alkaline water to fix my acidic blood?
best comment 💀
No
don't forget to add lemon juice!
@@majabiaek185Yeah , it increases the alkalinity of the water 😊😊
Yes, this is what Dr. Collier, medical professional, wants you to do
As a Swede I’ve gone through all kinds of positions on the prizes, and our institutions qualification to distribute them. Safe to say, the supposed prestige that underpin the whole concept has dubious merit. Even so, I do enjoy that once a year the news cycle is non disaster-based.
"non disaster-based" that really depends on how bad the committee has screwed up their choices this time, no?
as another Swede, I'd love to see Peace, Economics and Literature disappear. The three sciences are more than good enough, warts and all, but the other three? Nopes
@@bagofcatsbagofcats1105 Kissinger got the Peace prize. That alone should suffice to abolish it.
@@francisdec1615 next they are gonna give it to Netanyahu lol
@@bagofcatsbagofcats1105 What's wrong with Literature?
"High acidity in blood means exactly what you would think. If you're a chemist, hydrogen ions in your blood. *If you're a physicist, a lot of protons in your blood.*"
It's crazy how crazy that sounds while being strictly true.
I'd argue that blood always has a lot of protons in it, being as they compose a good portion of all matter.
Except I’m a chemist and we would also say protons when discussing or even writing about acidity lol
@@garethdean6382 smartass spotted
I was always taught that hydrogen ions don't really exist and actually it's oxonium.
As soon as you started telling that story I was like "oh no, she brings it up because it's probably not true"
I'm 69 and I was drawn into science fiction as a grade school student. One of the many reasons SF appealed to me was that science and facts and reason seemed to be such a crystal clear approach to how life should work. It is truly sad that I as i aged it became apparent that this does not happen. There are a small number of humans whose philosophy, if it can be called that, is that fact and reason and science area obstacles to overcome. I suppose I've become more cynical as I've aged. Although, in my more humorous moments, I like to think if cynicism as pattern recognition. I do enjoy your careful and thoughtful approach in your videos. Keep it up.
Would recommend "Indigenous Writes" by Chelsea Vowel as introduction to history of indigenous people in Canada. It's very beginner friendly.
Angela, what a stunning and amazing story. Thank you for your work in compiling this information and laying it out so well. Now I know who to thank for the insulin I shoot up daily. And why. I'm so glad I subscribe to your videos.