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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 6 ก.พ. 2025
  • All the mountains are located in the northern part of the province, beyond the imaginary line that unites the cities of Como and Lecco .
    We find mountains that belong to the Lepontine Alps chain and others that are part of the Lombard Prealps .
    Many scholars make the imaginary line of demarcation between the two mountain groups pass from the S. Iorio Pass and from it, through the Albano or Dongana valley , to Monte Legnone (formerly in the province of Lecco ), on the other bank of the Lario. Therefore, to the north of this imaginary line we speak of the real Alps, while to the south we are still in the Pre-Alps .
    The division is not only geographical in nature but also geological; it concerns the rocks from which the various Como reliefs are formed: the dividing line between the metamorphic belt and that of the sedimentary-limestone Alps passes in the area between the Upper Lake Como and the southern Lepontine belt . The Alpine mountain system that goes from Passo S. Iorio to the province of Sondrio is locally called "Muncech". The highest peaks are just over 2,500 metres; the highest is Pizzo Paglia (2,593 m ), the summit of which, however , is located for a few hundred meters entirely in Swiss territory. It follows that the highest mountain in the province of Como is Pizzo Cavregasco (2,535 m ), on the border with the province of Sondrio, although in reality the highest point of the entire province, is the unnamed SSE anti-summit of Pizzo Paglia , which reaches 2,550 m in height. Other neighboring peaks, also in the province of Como and whose height is around 2,500 meters, are Pizzo Campanile , Pizzo Martello , Pizzo Ledù , Monte Cardinello .The first inhabitants of the Bellagio territory whose existence history is able to admit were the Insubres, who had a stable residence in a part of present-day Lombardy , and therefore of Lake Como , up to the center of the lake, where they bordered the Reti (western shore of Lake Como) and the Orobi (eastern shore).
    Remains of a necropolis found in 1928 in the Visgnola area [7] testify to settlements in Bellagio after the 8th century BC [8]
    The Insubres lived free and independent until the arrival of the Gauls , led by Belloveso , who, around the year 600 BC , having defeated the Insubres, settled in Milan and Como , and, having occupied the banks of the lake, created a garrison in extreme point of their conquest, Bellagio ( Bellasium , from the name of their commander Belloveso).
    The Gauls became Gallo-Insubres; they merged with the primitive inhabitants and introduced their own habits and customs; they became so rooted that they also left imprints in the toponymy of the Bellagio area: Crux Galli (today Grosgalla ), on the Lezzeno side , and "il Gallo", a small chapel along the old Limonta road , which still marks the border between the two municipalities today .The first settlements in this area date back to around the Bronze Age , as evidenced by some pile-dwelling sites and various archaeological finds. At least seven pile-dwelling villages have been recognised. The two most important are called Imboccatura del Mincio and Bacino Marina where an abundance of ceramic materials, almost all of which were lost, and metal, were found. The period of the discovery, from 1851 , coincided with the reinforcement of the bastions by the Austrians, as were the first surveys made by Keller and the archaeologist Baron von Sacken.
    Peschiera gave its name to a recent chronological period of the Bronze Age: Peschiera-Zeit Gaius Valerius Catullus mentioned Sirmium among the places where he stayed ( Carme XXXI, Return to Sirmione ). Traditionally, starting from Marin Sanudo the Younger , the remains of the Roman villa in Sirmione are attributed to him, but there is no certainty about this [9] . The oldest parts of the villa date back to the 1st century BC with extensions in the following century [10] .
    From the 3rd to the 5th century , for the Orti Manara, the Lugana of Sirmione was the scene of various clashes. In 249 the armies of Decius Trajan and Philip the Arab faced each other while in 268 there was the Battle of Lake Benaco between the emperor Claudius the Gothic and the Alamanni federation . In 312 the first clash between the troops of Constantine I and those of Maxentius was the prelude to the Battle of Verona which took place near Sirmione [11] . Again according to the Orti Manara, in 463 Ritmiro, captain of the emperor Libius Severus , defeated the Alans in the lands of Lugana [11] . In the early years of the 5th century, the final part of the Sirmione peninsula was transformed into an island thanks to an artificial cut and was equipped with fortifications [12] .

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