HOW TO CARVE NUMBERS INTO STONE USING HAMMER AND CHISEL - HOW TO CARVE INTO STONE - STONE CARVING

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 พ.ย. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 123

  • @Bubba-23nineteen
    @Bubba-23nineteen 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    Thank you for moving the camera around. Getting the different views/angles was super helpful.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  6 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Your more than welcome. Thank you for watching 👍

  • @ATINKERER
    @ATINKERER ปีที่แล้ว +7

    I loved seeing that! There's an old stone church by me that was built in 1677. Some of the stone blocks have people's initials carved in them and one stone has 1677 carved in it. I used to look at them and try to figure out how they were done. Now I know. Thanks!

  • @santauxia
    @santauxia ปีที่แล้ว +8

    I guess I found me the Hobbie I needed!!! Immediately subscribed.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Hi Santa, Thank you for the subscription. If you do find yourself taking up stone carving, we are starting up a monthly chat where you can send in your questions and photos. If this is something you would be interested in, please send to thestoneranger08@gmail.com

  • @zahialsalman
    @zahialsalman ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This is not what I was looking for, but I'm very glad I found it! You sir are very skilled at your craft! Thanks for the video!

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Sir, I am happy you found my channel, and even more happy that you are staying around. You take care.

  • @karenbearden6198
    @karenbearden6198 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Thank you this was a great tutorial! My husband is a mason and he wants me to chisel our house number on limestone. Your video is a big help. Subscribed.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Thank you, Karen. Much appreciated. Good luck with the house sign.

  • @lorioverton6125
    @lorioverton6125 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you! We have some old limestone posts that I'm going to carve our last name in, as a surprise to my husband for Christmas!

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hi Lori, what wonderful ideas! I hope you found some tips in my video that will help you. Good luck, and if you need any help, please don’t hesitate to ask.

  • @Jmp5nb
    @Jmp5nb ปีที่แล้ว +22

    Making my own headstone in advance. Leaving the dates open…

    • @TheBanzet
      @TheBanzet ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I am very eager to do that😊 could you tell us what kind of chisel set you used ?

    • @Jmp5nb
      @Jmp5nb ปีที่แล้ว

      @@TheBanzet Metal mask and sandblasting!

    • @limnificant
      @limnificant ปีที่แล้ว

      Not sure of your date of birth, then? 😂

    • @Jmp5nb
      @Jmp5nb ปีที่แล้ว

      @@limnificant Perhaps you can share with us the date of your death. Didn’t think so…

    • @Najuni-iy7po
      @Najuni-iy7po 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      lol you said leaving the dates plural open so they made a joke about you not knowing your date of birth

  • @sonia14335
    @sonia14335 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Really good video, thanks for posting. I've carved wood in the past, but going to do a stone carving course for my birthday treat and super excited! Have subscribed :)

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Thank you, that is very exciting. I hope you have a good time. Enjoy 👍

  • @noahbrogle
    @noahbrogle 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    So much information packed in one video. Will probably never do this but I subscribed anyway. Well done.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Really glad you enjoyed it, and thank you for the subscription.

  • @spiderstone
    @spiderstone 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    You are the best.....what Talent.......

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thank you my friend. That is very kind.

  • @markpitts9537
    @markpitts9537 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Great video. Would love to see you do videos on (1) types of stone you use, and (2) tools. Thanks, Mark

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thanks MarkPitts9537, leave it with me I will do a video on that 👍

  • @sailor67duilio27
    @sailor67duilio27 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    It has taken some time to discover this site. Thank you very instructive. I have always been keen to carve stone and to generally use stone. I have learned a lot from you and I hope to produce something as beautiful and useful as you have. Thank you again.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Thank you for the lovely comments. If there is anything I can do to help you on your stone carving journey, please don’t hesitate to get in touch.

  • @Another_Saved_Sinner
    @Another_Saved_Sinner ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Is that a type of sandstone? Excellent work, you made it look so easy. I've really been considering taking this up as a hobby.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Hi @Another_Saved_Sinner,
      Yes, it is sandstone. It’s called Derbyshire gritstone, but it’s a sandstone, very nice to carve. You should definitely take it up as a hobby, and if you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to ask.

  • @IvanZvorsky
    @IvanZvorsky 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thanks!

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      This is amazing, thank you so much! I will put it towards the new camera I am looking at for the channel to improve subscribers’ viewing experience. 😊

  • @warrenmusselman9173
    @warrenmusselman9173 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Thanks for the lesson. Yet another thing for me to try my hand at.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you for watching. I would love to see how you get on when you get around to trying your hand

  • @SalvationArclight69
    @SalvationArclight69 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    thank you for the lesson

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You are more than welcome, thank you for watching.

  • @Maestros_Medicine420
    @Maestros_Medicine420 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Do you have chisels specifically for granite or if you get the granite ones can those be user on all stone

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You can get chisels for all types of stone, but the ones I use for lettering wouldn’t be suitable for granite. I would look for something a little more durable. There are plenty available on the market.

  • @Mikemm54
    @Mikemm54 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    That was great. Thanks

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Hi Mike, thank you for watching. I'm glad you enjoyed it! 👍

  • @bobducharme4809
    @bobducharme4809 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Interesting so where do you buy these tools and chisels?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I’ve been working with Southern Stone Limited for over 8 years now, and I mainly use their chisels. This link will take you to one of my videos where you can find a discount code for all purchases:
      th-cam.com/video/uSubX9v9avs/w-d-xo.htmlsi=KAoWIQOx7_mEV5dr

  • @rebeccahaglund3194
    @rebeccahaglund3194 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    this is what Jesus does to the heart... amazing! he is alive!

  • @caracozakali9446
    @caracozakali9446 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Where can i get this tools thanks great work

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  4 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Hi, there is a video on my channel where you can get a discount code for the tools I am using. They are all sold by a company called Southern Stone Limited.

  • @davehalliday9399
    @davehalliday9399 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    lovely video thoroughly enjoyed it, never watched a "Stone carving" video like this. Needs just a touch more light at the carving area, other than that, brilliant. Love your work.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Hi Dave, firstly thank you for watching and I am glad you enjoyed it. Your advice has been taken on board and I will definitely try and improve the lighting 👍

  • @chonkychonk
    @chonkychonk 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    When you mention that “V” look, I was trying to think of a word for it: Beveled? Not exactly. Chiseled? 😂

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  3 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      😂😂 I’ve always known it as V carving, mainly for lettering. I’ll have a quick Google to see what I can find!
      V carving is a technique where the tool cuts into the material to create a ‘V’-shaped groove. The angled sides of the groove give it that distinct V shape, which is great for adding depth and creating a shadow effect. It’s often used for detailed work like lettering or decorative designs, making it popular in sign making and engraving.

  • @carver4894
    @carver4894 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Nice work! Where on the hardness scale would you put that piece of stone? I noticed you sharpened your chisel how much longer would it take you if your chisel was made of copper?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Hi, I would say the stone is around 5/6 out of 10 on the scale. I have never used copper chisels. I will look into them and maybe make a video about them.

  • @FirstnameLamename
    @FirstnameLamename ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Dishwasher loading - LOL!

  • @Meto-1965
    @Meto-1965 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Hello from Antalya - Türkiye. I am tourist guide and interesting how ancient masters made their inscriptions on stone. I have already made some little sculptures with marble. My aim is undersand all process. So your video very usefull for me. Thanks so much. Can I ask for your permition use some seconds of this your video for my own.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  26 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Hi! Thank you for watching, and thank you for asking. Help yourself to the content-I’d love to see your video using it!

    • @Meto-1965
      @Meto-1965 25 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@TheStoneRanger th-cam.com/video/DZW6PM3vGpU/w-d-xo.html

    • @Meto-1965
      @Meto-1965 25 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Here my video about my work. I will make another video, and use your seconds from your video.

  • @markraciborski4289
    @markraciborski4289 ปีที่แล้ว

    We live in a circa 1918 historic district build to look like an English village, in the US, 2, 3 stories houses, slate roofs, metal flashing as slate caps.
    You sound like the wood pecker, who loves hamming on that metal flashing, at the top of the roof. 😊
    You can hear him half a city block away.
    I believe he might be calling for a mate, as I have never seen craving, engraving on the flashing. 😮
    We have graves dating to the Revolutionary War and back.
    You can find lovely hand V carved stones. Hard to read some on the battlefields, other places.
    Others that are placed stones facing south, in church yards, where the sun can strike them at an angle, V cut then casting the shadows, lovely 3D-ish look can be seen, and the precision seen.
    Nothing lovely, then a hand carved tombstone, I prefer seeing slate.
    Unfortunately, it's now mostly sand blasting with a pattern made, over polished stone.
    They are ugly as sin.
    Last stone cravers by hand, I believe, closed up in the 80s. Was located across the old farm road that ran by the once only cemetery entrance, next to a railroad.
    Used to drive by, it was one of 2 main roads up and down the peninsula, and you could see them chiseling outside on nice days in the spring.
    Rather, eerily business, like hearing a grave digger whistling at going about his work, as looking over from it was the large cemetery.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Wow, it sounds like an amazing place. Would love to visit it one day. Take care, my friend.

  • @whitewatersea
    @whitewatersea ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Can I ask where you got that hammer? I don’t know what to use. I have to make a rune stone this month for my senior capstone project. Thanks

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Hi, again Shelley. If you haven’t done it already, I hope your rune stone go’s well. I am using a 600g Dummy hammer that can be found on eBay and many other online shops. I hope this helps. I would love to see your Rune stone when completed if you want to send it in, please send it to thestoneranger08@gmail.com

  • @bobbyfranklin5924
    @bobbyfranklin5924 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Where do you get the chisels from?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Hi thanks for watching. I use a company called Southern Stone they are great. If you are in the market for some chisels, you should just wait until tomorrow because I will release a video with a discount code for their website, exclusively for TheStoneRanger subscribers. I hope this helps.

    • @bobbyfranklin5924
      @bobbyfranklin5924 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@TheStoneRanger wow that’s amazing thank you very much mate!

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@bobbyfranklin5924 No problem, Hopefully you will find my channel helpful. 👍

  • @swizzlestick4661
    @swizzlestick4661 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Not to take away from your artistic ability, which is fantastic by the way, but is there such a tool as in an electric chisel? Basically a fine controllable power tool. Your video showed up in my feed because I was looking for a fine detail chisel to chop ceramic tiles and setting materials without damaging the surrounding tiles. Thank you.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Morning & thank you. There are a couple off different pneumatic hammers on the market, my personal favourite it a cuturi hammer, this comes in all different sizes for different jobs with many different chisels available for your job.

  • @destinationunknown7857
    @destinationunknown7857 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Enjoyed your video, doing some research on this subject. Sister passed away and I was asked to make her tombstone. I’ve played around with stone but nothing this serious. Wanting to do it right you know lol
    Thanks for the tips and knowledge.
    Would be curious where and what you look for in your chisels? Any recommendations for a beginner?
    Thanks

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Hi,
      Very sorry to hear about your sister. If there is anywhere I can help you with your project please don’t hesitate to ask. I always use tungsten tipped chisels, purchase from a company called Southern Stone Ltd they are on EBay, I like to have a variety of sizes depending on the lettering I will be carving.

    • @destinationunknown7857
      @destinationunknown7857 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@TheStoneRanger Thank you very much, I might pester you with a few question periodically.

  • @kingdarkem
    @kingdarkem ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Any recommendation where to get chisels for working rock?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Working carving letters into stone or working bigger pieces?

    • @guatermelon7543
      @guatermelon7543 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@TheStoneRangerhow about both haha

  • @elanfredette4661
    @elanfredette4661 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    What kind of metal chisel do you use in this one?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Hi, I am using tungsten-tipped chisels from Southern Stone Limited.

  • @PrynneIce-Simmons
    @PrynneIce-Simmons หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Hey, does anyone know what chisel set he's using?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  26 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Hi, I am using a tungsten set of chisels from a company called Southern Stone, based in the UK but shipping worldwide.

  • @TheBanzet
    @TheBanzet ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Does anybody tell us what kind of chisel set can be used? ( any link would be appreciated)

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Hi, I have just posted a video that mite answer your question.
      th-cam.com/video/_OvYhvH5Xpg/w-d-xo.htmlsi=oOR7g8ri6cDgvuli

  • @mitchellwilen1084
    @mitchellwilen1084 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    What font are you using?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Hi, if I remember correctly, and I am 99 percent sure I do, it's Cambria Math.

  • @CARLOSRUIZ-pe3mo
    @CARLOSRUIZ-pe3mo ปีที่แล้ว +1

    can you do that wit coper tools

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Hi Carlosruiz, I think you would struggle with copper. The edge would just roll over on the tool.

    • @CARLOSRUIZ-pe3mo
      @CARLOSRUIZ-pe3mo ปีที่แล้ว

      @@TheStoneRanger than aliens build
      the pyramids

  • @Vakqksb37
    @Vakqksb37 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    How the hell don’t you have more views? This channel is gonna blow up for sure

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hi KingBing, Thanks for watching. You never know one day the views might pick up. 🤞🤞
      But I am just happy people are enjoying the channel.

  • @whitewatersea
    @whitewatersea ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I wish I had a lazy susan.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Hi Shelley, they are handy. I got mine from a charity shop, but they do sell them on Amazon 👍

  • @JreShortShow
    @JreShortShow ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Where can i get the print files for the letter/numbers cutouts?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hi, I don't actually buy the printouts of the letters. I use a machine and computer program called a Cricut. It's basically a small CNC machine. It's tricky to learn, but once you have it, it's brilliant. I am hoping to do a video on it soon. I hope this helps

  • @dianegordon5366
    @dianegordon5366 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I love your channel! I'd love to carve some Neolithic Triskelions on some big stones on my property - I wonder how they did it back then.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Hi @dianegordon5366,
      Thank you 🙏 I have carved some small Triskelion carvings, but like you, I would love to do some large pieces. I do have some very large pieces of Derbyshire stone in my yard, so you never know, that could be a video in the future ⚒️⚒️

  • @patrickcorcoran533
    @patrickcorcoran533 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Where do you get your stencils from ? the technique i was shown was to cut up the centre of the lettering then form the V from each side into the middle but i like your technique working from the edge in as i am a novice stone carver

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      The technique of carving up the middle is a very common method. I am self taught and have just adopted a style to suit my way of carving. Regarding the stencil we have a computer program called Cricut where we create the design, it then cuts the stencil out onto card

  • @LukeTomaiuolo
    @LukeTomaiuolo ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Amazing work, mate. where can I find a few of these tools? What kind of stone should I look for as a beginner?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hello, thank you for watching. I suggest purchasing tungsten-tipped chisels from eBay, typically priced at around £17 each. As for the stone, aim for small-grain, sandy-textured stone without large chunks. I'll be releasing a video within the next 10 days, demonstrating mortar mix techniques for beginners carving and affordable chisels, so stay tuned for that - it should be beneficial.

  • @scottmcmunn5369
    @scottmcmunn5369 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How do you do it if you can't spin the stone?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Hi Scott, using a lazy Susan isn’t really the done thing it’s just something I do. Most people would stand their stone vertically when carving. But if you do want to lay the stone down, you can try walking around the stone or turning it by hand when needed. I hope this helps

  • @stytos
    @stytos ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for this video; one of the better letter carving videos I've seen. I want to do some amateur stone carving and videos like this help. If I was looking to practice letter carving, would mortar mix (cement without the gravel) be a good way to practice? Would it handle like stone enough to give me the practice I'd need? At least for the first few practice sessions.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hi @stytos, thank you for the comment. I have uploaded a video today to try and answer your question about practicing your carving on a cement mix. I hope it helps.
      [Link to the video: th-cam.com/video/-1dW2Vlipwc/w-d-xo.html]

  • @jaroc4728
    @jaroc4728 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Where do you get the raw stone?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      All over the country but mainly Derbyshire

    • @jaroc4728
      @jaroc4728 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I am in the states, mate..bruv..or govna..😊which ever you prefer..i love the accent..

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@jaroc4728 What stone are you using over the pond?

    • @jaroc4728
      @jaroc4728 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I have actually never done this. I was wondering what kind of stone to get. And where..is it sandstone?

  • @GFW229
    @GFW229 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great video. I have only just found your channel... I was looking for a basic way of recessing a small grate into a flag... now I want to carve lettering (and have already had a first attempt though the edges are not crisp enough) LOL. Can I ask, what the name of the serif font is that you often use in your work? I appreciate you use many fonts but are some better than others for beginners? Subscribed and am glad you are still planning on making videos.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว

      Brilliant! You should definitely have a go, and if you do, send over a picture of your work. I would love to see it.

  • @joebelcher4984
    @joebelcher4984 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    I just started carving letters. The result is ugly, as expected for a first attempt.
    I'm really curious about choosing the right stone though. Here in America, we don't have the tradition of stone carving. I bought some stone from a building supply company, and they were more interested in telling me the color of the stone rather than type of stone.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hi Joe, great news you are having a go at carving. I would love to see how things have turned out. Picking the stone to carve is tricky. There are so many different types out there, each type offering it’s own pros and cons. But for a beginner I would look for a softer stone a nice sandstone, soap stone even a Portland limestone. where in the states are you based?

    • @joebelcher4984
      @joebelcher4984 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@TheStoneRanger I'm in California.
      I know that I should use a softer stone... but what I'm recreating is either Granite, Quartzsite, or Gneiss. So that's the stones I'm trying to buy.

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@joebelcher4984
      Sorry, I miss understood. I haven’t carved quartzite. But I have worked with both granite, and a type of gneiss ( spar ) local to me. It can be very fragile. The mineral veins open up easily. Granite would be my preferred option.
      When purchasing the Granite I would be looking for a continuous colour pattern with no noticeable flaws.
      When carving I would only be using my tungsten-tipped tools and sharpening my chisels more often, I find the granite dulls the chisels easily
      Hopefully this helps

    • @krish-ut9de
      @krish-ut9de ปีที่แล้ว +1

      hahahaha XD

    • @robrechtboudens8166
      @robrechtboudens8166 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I think you should first find out what design your putting out there. Based on that you can choose your stone..and size.

  • @ДжекЕв
    @ДжекЕв ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Скажите пожалуйста сколько такая работа стоит денег?

    • @TheStoneRanger
      @TheStoneRanger  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hi, this isn’t a project I did for a customer, It was just an example carving. But if I was carving it for a job I would be charging something around £45

    • @ДжекЕв
      @ДжекЕв ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Спасибо за информацию

  • @thomaslindroos1667
    @thomaslindroos1667 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Well as a Fin this wont help me since we dont have anything else than granite

  • @Je.Suis.Flaneur
    @Je.Suis.Flaneur ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I wish I could understand his dialect of English. Twenty percent of the words I heard were unintelligible. Thank you for this video.