Brilliant!!!!!!! This is how English phonetic should be broken down to beginners ,I have been looking for this explanation all my life, now i have a solid foundation to take my English pronunciation to the next level Thanks a bunch 👍🏿
Outstanding.. I had been searching for a long time to understand the cardinal vowels but didn't found a good explanation but for the first time i understood this.. Thank you very much
Muchas gracias por enseñarnos los sonidos vocálicos del inglés, la verdad este esquema me ayuda mucho a entender las diferentes vocales no solamente del inglés sino también de otras vocales que hay en el mundo. Para los hispanohablantes es muy díficil entrenar nuestros oídos para el idioma inglés, por lo que es importante comprender estos conceptos, pero con un poco de esfuerzo y voluntad, y la ayuda de gente generosa y buena como Usted que nos enseña lo podemos conseguir. ¡Muchas gracias!
I've always founded phonetics and phonology quite confusing :/ but this video was really helpful and cleared up a lot of things for me Thank you very much Sir , I wish we had teachers like you in my University ...
I really Love your lectures~ I am teaching Korean to foreigners, and my research interest is teaching pronunciation. Even though I learned Korean Phonology as a my major, I always learn much more in your lectures. Thank you so much for your great job!
Thank you a looooooooooooooooot! I simply loved this class! I not only was able to learn how this phonemic chart was made but also discovered how german phonemes are produced! I have only to invert rounded to spread or vice-versa.
The best video ever. I was looking for something like this. Very nice explanation including the graphic description of the tongue position. Thank you very much for sharing your knowledge! ❤
Hello. I just subscribed to your channel. The first time I saw this diagram was when I was studying the chrobology of English and the Great Vowel Shift. However the text didn't explain it this well. Thank you so much for the detailed explanation. It's greatly appreciated.
In the VLC language index, you can listen to the cardinal vowels of three speakers: Daniel Jones, Peter Ladefoged and Jürgen Handke, the VLC project manager (trained by Peter Roach). It turns out that Jones's and Handke's vowels are almost identical whereas Ladefoged's [a] is much more back. This may be due to differences in individual vocal tracts. According to your comment, Daniel Jones must be wrong too!! We will take up this issue in the questions of the month (3/2013) video.
Excellent teacher, I love your explanations, vowels and consonants. I have already understood the topic for my master´s homework very good!! Thank you.
Ihr seid wunderbar. Zz lehre ich Spanisch und bereite mir vor, Englisch auch zu lehren. Ich bin mir sicher, ich werde mit Euch online viel lernen. Hoffentlich sehen wir uns vor Ort bald sehen.
- 0:08 There aren't five but six orthographical vowels in english : - 3:38 You produced a near-open front unrounded vowel [æ] instead of fully open [a] - 9:20 The close-mid back unrounded vowels isn't [ʏ] (i.e. near close near front rounded vowel) but [ɤ] Did I miss anything ?
Absolutely fantastic! I wonder why the IPA didn't choose the sign æ for the lowest front cardinal. It is soo confusing for any "normal" European (Fr, Es, De, Slavic, even Hi) Just checked, so, in IPA the lowest "a" does not sound like you did it but it is more German a-ish, this shape could probably just as well be a triangle, because once the tongue is lowered, its highest point cannot seem to be really directed forwards or backwards.
It's worth pointing out that in most languages, the vowel concepts cover certain fuzzy territories of this map, and they can even overlap, due to phonotactics.
This coordination arrangement surely Exhibit the strongest relationship for developing a feature symbol set of phonetic symbols. It would be amazing to see the English-speaking world, and specifically the United States, begin endeavors for generating novel orthography and writing system(s) which might prioritize the best utility and scientific aspects possible
A question please> and how about the other vowels? like the classifications of the diphthong vowels and the other short and long vowels,how are they pronounced? Are they in a different category, like not cardinals? or it's hard to decide their position of articulation?! Because here we only had the primary/and secondary vowels, in which only some specific short and long vowels were mentioned.... and thanks in advance, that was a really good explanation, helped me alot!
Well done, your explanations are very nice! But I wonder why you don't pronounce the [a] as in "father". In my opinion you pronounce it more like an [ɛ] or a German . I thought [a] was a straight "a" - this sound was completely missing in the quadrilateral chart, or am I wrong?
To me it sounded more like [æ], as in English , which is near-open front. The open front unrounded vowel should be more like the [a] in Italian , French , and (arguably) in German (the German vowel is usually a bit farther back than the Italian and French).
03:58 One more question: Why did you pronounce the front vowels as unrounded, while the back vowels as rounded? (e.g. the /u/ ) This way you mixed up two different features of these vowels, because now they differ not only by their front-back and up-down characteristic, but also by their rounded-unrounded characteristic, making it confusing and harder to consider separately. Wouldn't it be better to focus on each one feature at a time? E.g. fix the roundedness first and pronounce the up, down, front and back extremes, and then start switching roundedness to show how it affects their sounds?
My understanding (and it is limited) is that the back vowels tend to round much more frequently across languages, as a general rule, and this commonality is part of what made the rounded back vowels part of the "primary cardinals." The front vowels tend to be unrounded more frequently than rounded, though my understanding is that this is less common than the roundedness of back vowels. But, it seems to me that his aim was to present the "primary cardinals" as a set, and then the "secondary cardinals" as a set, which has a practical, pedagogical motivation.
The theory of the reason why IPA vowels' chart looks like that isn't persuaded that much by the way mentioned in this video. In fact, the true reason is that the f1 and f2 formants of every single vowel construct a 2 dimension chart, and the shape of the chart is a trapezoid. I suspect the way which was introduced in this video is because the "sample point" of the tongue isn't accurate. Which part should we take? Tip? Middle part? Or back？ The video didn't clarify this.
Thoroughly enjoyed your lecture, thank you! I was just wondering if there was the possibility to use the vlc-program you mentioned for practice, without signing up for a lecture?
La vocal [a] esta muy bien pronunciada, porque es la vocal de quienes hablamos español y yo la conozco perfectamente, pues es mi lengua materna, pregúntele a cualquier hispanohablante, esa vocal no existe en el inglés, salvo en algunos diptongos donde se aproxima un poco.
Sir, cardinal vowel No.4 /a/ pronounced by you and Daniel Jones sounds more like /æ/ as in cat, but this cardinal vowel pronounced in the IPA website (by 4 speakers) sounds more like /ɑ/ as in father, Could you tell me why? Looking forward eagerly to your reply, thank you!
Yes, it's hard to memorize, but the best way is to write and draw a diagram daily or make it again and again for one single of vowels first. It's the only way!
anyone know how I would go about measuring vowel duration? Is it as simple as zooming in and selecting the part of the vowel after the VOT until the end of the vowel waveform?
His pronunciation is more European than British/American. Brits and Americans move their [e] sound a little further back and down than he demonstrates.
@@MaestroRigale Native Russian speaker here. It's a bit more complicated than that. When it comes to vowels in Russian, it comes out that their quality actually depend on surrounding consonants, and thus, the distinction between [e] and [ɛ] is non-phonemic in Russian.
Was ist Ihre Meinung bezüglich LÄNGE der Selbstlaute? Das deutsche U in Schule ist genauso lang wie das englische U in school? Ich wäre Ihnen besonders dankbar, wenn Sie mir eine Antwort geben könnten. Vielen Dank im Voraus.
I think it has to do with sound quality. How far apart they are in the way they sound. Languages tend to have less vowels on the bottom, and they sound very similar to most people.
Ideally these are abstract, "cardinal" values that don't correspond directly to any one language, but to the most extreme positions each of these vowels can take. So the [i] used in this video is the very highest and most forward your tongue can be in your mouth without becoming a consonant sound, like [z] or something. Every language has some modification of some these sounds.
Brilliant!!!!!!! This is how English phonetic should be broken down to beginners ,I have been looking for this explanation all my life, now i have a solid foundation to take my English pronunciation to the next level
Thanks a bunch 👍🏿
Me too!!
Totally agree with u Rolando!!!
Totally agree with you Rolando.
Hi everyone my name is omar sadik im a moroccan students of English linguistics. I want to thank this channel. It has good ways of explanation.
Outstanding.. I had been searching for a long time to understand the cardinal vowels but didn't found a good explanation but for the first time i understood this.. Thank you very much
Muchas gracias por enseñarnos los sonidos vocálicos del inglés, la verdad este esquema me ayuda mucho a entender las diferentes vocales no solamente del inglés sino también de otras vocales que hay en el mundo. Para los hispanohablantes es muy díficil entrenar nuestros oídos para el idioma inglés, por lo que es importante comprender estos conceptos, pero con un poco de esfuerzo y voluntad, y la ayuda de gente generosa y buena como Usted que nos enseña lo podemos conseguir. ¡Muchas gracias!
I've always founded phonetics and phonology quite confusing :/ but this video was really helpful and cleared up a lot of things for me Thank you very much Sir , I wish we had teachers like you in my University ...
Thanks a lot!
I must agree. These lectures are excellent.
I want exactly the same teacher!!!
I really Love your lectures~ I am teaching Korean to foreigners, and my research interest is teaching pronunciation. Even though I learned Korean Phonology as a my major, I always learn much more in your lectures. Thank you so much for your great job!
surely you learned Korean Phonology as an infant.
extremely beneficial to English phonetic learners...
Great job, thumbs up for you.
More power to you Sir. I mean you are the best teacher when it comes to linguistics... Lot of prayers and good wishes. Wish to be ur student.
Extremely useful for the aspirants of Linguistics.Thanks a lot fr your extraordinary presentation.
Thank you a looooooooooooooooot! I simply loved this class! I not only was able to learn how this phonemic chart was made but also discovered how german phonemes are produced! I have only to invert rounded to spread or vice-versa.
The best video ever. I was looking for something like this. Very nice explanation including the graphic description of the tongue position.
Thank you very much for sharing your knowledge! ❤
A pity that it took you so long.
The E-Lecture Vowels II answers your questions in detail.
So nice a video. The two sets of vowels completely enlightened me in strengthening my pronunciation of French !
really help full electure, helped me to get rid of confusions that i had with cardinal vowel chart and its relation with tongue positions.
Hello. I just subscribed to your channel. The first time I saw this diagram was when I was studying the chrobology of English and the Great Vowel Shift. However the text didn't explain it this well. Thank you so much for the detailed explanation. It's greatly appreciated.
Great lecture. Your tutorials are simply phenomenal. Thanks a lot.
All your videos are really helpful. Thank you so much!
Greetings from Perú
In the VLC language index, you can listen to the cardinal vowels of three speakers: Daniel Jones, Peter Ladefoged and Jürgen Handke, the VLC project manager (trained by Peter Roach). It turns out that Jones's and Handke's vowels are almost identical whereas Ladefoged's [a] is much more back. This may be due to differences in individual vocal tracts. According to your comment, Daniel Jones must be wrong too!!
We will take up this issue in the questions of the month (3/2013) video.
Excellent teacher, I love your explanations, vowels and consonants. I have already understood the topic for my master´s homework very good!! Thank you.
th-cam.com/video/THDONGAhum8/w-d-xo.htmlsub_confirmation=1
Ihr seid wunderbar. Zz lehre ich Spanisch und bereite mir vor, Englisch auch zu lehren. Ich bin mir sicher, ich werde mit Euch online viel lernen. Hoffentlich sehen wir uns vor Ort bald sehen.
It was amazing lecture I have enjoyed a lot and learn a lot from this lecture keep it continue respected and worthy sir
at 11:37, for the [ʏ], shouldn't it be [ɤ]? [ʏ] is a mid-close near-front vowel, while [ɤ] is the close-mid back unrounded vowel...
Rémi St-Jacques I thought the same thing.
yes
What about the symbol for the voiced velar fricative consonant? Yet another confusing one.
Another excellent lecture, as always!
- 0:08 There aren't five but six orthographical vowels in english :
- 3:38 You produced a near-open front unrounded vowel [æ] instead of fully open [a]
- 9:20 The close-mid back unrounded vowels isn't [ʏ] (i.e. near close near front rounded vowel) but [ɤ]
Did I miss anything ?
What about "y" in yawn?
Absolutely fantastic! I wonder why the IPA didn't choose the sign æ for the lowest front cardinal. It is soo confusing for any "normal" European (Fr, Es, De, Slavic, even Hi)
Just checked, so, in IPA the lowest "a" does not sound like you did it but it is more German a-ish, this shape could probably just as well be a triangle, because once the tongue is lowered, its highest point cannot seem to be really directed forwards or backwards.
It's worth pointing out that in most languages, the vowel concepts cover certain fuzzy territories of this map, and they can even overlap, due to phonotactics.
Smart! Sharp! You really know Mr Handke
Thank you. You took your time to do this for us!
Amazing....and Very helpful as well as interesting in understanding of vowels articulation.
This coordination arrangement surely Exhibit the strongest relationship for developing a feature symbol set of phonetic symbols. It would be amazing to see the English-speaking world, and specifically the United States, begin endeavors for generating novel orthography and writing system(s) which might prioritize the best utility and scientific aspects possible
The Virtual Linguistics Campus is a gift.
Wunderbar!!! Marvellous! Maravilloso!!!
Thank you teacher from the deep of my heart.
Thank you for this extremely useful lecture.
A question please> and how about the other vowels? like the classifications of the diphthong vowels and the other short and long vowels,how are they pronounced? Are they in a different category, like not cardinals? or it's hard to decide their position of articulation?! Because here we only had the primary/and secondary vowels, in which only some specific short and long vowels were mentioned.... and thanks in advance, that was a really good explanation, helped me alot!
Well done, your explanations are very nice!
But I wonder why you don't pronounce the [a] as in "father". In my opinion you pronounce it more like an [ɛ] or a German . I thought [a] was a straight "a" - this sound was completely missing in the quadrilateral chart, or am I wrong?
father has a back vowel
... so? I wrote that he pronounces it like [ɛ] which is definitely more front than it should be
To me it sounded more like [æ], as in English , which is near-open front. The open front unrounded vowel should be more like the [a] in Italian , French , and (arguably) in German (the German vowel is usually a bit farther back than the Italian and French).
I used to freak out whenever I was confronted with a vowel quadrilateral, but not any more! Thank you!
Oustanding information! Linguistics branches are necessary to learn.
This was easy to understand, my lecturer should use the easy tactics :) thanks Alot!!!
03:58 One more question: Why did you pronounce the front vowels as unrounded, while the back vowels as rounded? (e.g. the /u/ )
This way you mixed up two different features of these vowels, because now they differ not only by their front-back and up-down characteristic, but also by their rounded-unrounded characteristic, making it confusing and harder to consider separately. Wouldn't it be better to focus on each one feature at a time? E.g. fix the roundedness first and pronounce the up, down, front and back extremes, and then start switching roundedness to show how it affects their sounds?
My understanding (and it is limited) is that the back vowels tend to round much more frequently across languages, as a general rule, and this commonality is part of what made the rounded back vowels part of the "primary cardinals." The front vowels tend to be unrounded more frequently than rounded, though my understanding is that this is less common than the roundedness of back vowels.
But, it seems to me that his aim was to present the "primary cardinals" as a set, and then the "secondary cardinals" as a set, which has a practical, pedagogical motivation.
Thank you for this video sir. 👍
It is fantastic but I need more practice to put in practice, do you have a suggestion for more practice or any reference is there?
Thank You, for providing this valuable lecture...
The theory of the reason why IPA vowels' chart looks like that isn't persuaded that much by the way mentioned in this video. In fact, the true reason is that the f1 and f2 formants of every single vowel construct a 2 dimension chart, and the shape of the chart is a trapezoid.
I suspect the way which was introduced in this video is because the "sample point" of the tongue isn't accurate. Which part should we take? Tip? Middle part? Or back？ The video didn't clarify this.
The auditory chart was 'developed' way before the acoustic chart was available. For the acoustic chart see: th-cam.com/video/MyNrmiJQ4dI/w-d-xo.html
This is outstanding!! Thank you.
Thank you Sir so clear and useful
Thoroughly enjoyed your lecture, thank you! I was just wondering if there was the possibility to use the vlc-program you mentioned for practice, without signing up for a lecture?
Subscribe to any of our MOOCs (free massive open online courses). Everything's there.
very good nd impressive lecture,
great! but I don't clearly understand if the tongue touches the lower teeth or not!
Thanks for your time and efforts.
Omg I'm starting to understand it thanks to you! Thank u!
I don't see any significant difference in cardinals no 1 and 2, 5 and 6, and then 7 and 8. These pairs seem like the same to me. clear it pleasee?
La vocal [a] esta muy bien pronunciada, porque es la vocal de quienes hablamos español y yo la conozco perfectamente, pues es mi lengua materna, pregúntele a cualquier hispanohablante, esa vocal no existe en el inglés, salvo en algunos diptongos donde se aproxima un poco.
Thank you so much that was so helpful and informative.
you, sir,are a life saver!
Thank you Sir. This is very illuminating.
Sir, cardinal vowel No.4 /a/ pronounced by you and Daniel Jones sounds more like /æ/ as in cat,
but this cardinal vowel pronounced in the IPA website (by 4 speakers) sounds more like /ɑ/ as in father,
Could you tell me why? Looking forward eagerly to your reply, thank you!
I wondered about this too. I think it was an error.
Very good.Many thanks to you.
Thanks to all.
How and where can I get to your phonetics and phonology classes please? I need more exercises.
I found your video very helpful... Thanks .
sir really you have explained in a very nice way...:):):):):)
Dear teacher
Thanks for your help
Regards
Alot thank to the brilliant teacher! u helped me alot but I still find it hard 2 understand and memorise1
Yes, it's hard to memorize, but the best way is to write and draw a diagram daily or make it again and again for one single of vowels first. It's the only way!
Thank you. Is there a version of this chart made to help Spanish speakers to achieve English vowels, and vice versa?
Excuse me, at the end you said about interactive tutor with ear training. Can't seem to find those, would you be so kind to help?
Interactivity? Join us on oer-vlc.de (free, open, online)
Amazing. This is very helpful.
Sir do you have some lecture on stylistics linguistics
anyone know how I would go about measuring vowel duration? Is it as simple as zooming in and selecting the part of the vowel after the VOT until the end of the vowel waveform?
Thank you so much :)
The video is great
This is great!
i really cannot discern any difference between i and e.. :/
His pronunciation is more European than British/American. Brits and Americans move their [e] sound a little further back and down than he demonstrates.
Examples are found in the English word "chaotic," the French word "thé," the Italian word "vero," the German word "Seele."
Apparently the following Russian words differentiate the pronunciation of [i], пить, [e] цель, and [ɛ] жест.
@@MaestroRigale Native Russian speaker here.
It's a bit more complicated than that.
When it comes to vowels in Russian, it comes out that their quality actually depend on surrounding consonants, and thus, the distinction between [e] and [ɛ] is non-phonemic in Russian.
@@thealexdn-k9d thanks for the information! I’m still very much a neophyte when it comes to Russian!
Was ist Ihre Meinung bezüglich LÄNGE der Selbstlaute? Das deutsche U in Schule ist genauso lang wie das englische U in school? Ich wäre Ihnen besonders dankbar, wenn Sie mir eine Antwort geben könnten. Vielen Dank im Voraus.
Referring to tongue positions only, i think it is not clear to understand vowels explained above
Sir could you please send us the references for further information and re reading to be done in my study
All references can be found in our free online courses which make use of these videos, in this case for example: VLC102 - Speech Science.
waaaw a great explaining , thanks alot
what is the difference between the weak and strong syllabuse ???
what is the difference between 1 i and 2 e as they sound the same thanks
tongue height
He is not pronouncing the second vowel correctly. It should be the vowel in the English word cake, but without the diphthong.
a is happening in the back of my mouth just like "aw" how do you get it happening in the front of the mouth?
that was almost awesome thanks for ur explanations
vielen dank!!!
05:14 Where do these proportions come from?
+Bon Bon They are idealized to ake it graphically simpler.
I think it has to do with sound quality. How far apart they are in the way they sound. Languages tend to have less vowels on the bottom, and they sound very similar to most people.
Thank you you are a good man
Thank you!
Being An M.A English student I have to watch this video...😭
Awesome
Very informative Thx
Perhaps we should discuss these issues personally, since you are making a number of mistakes (terminological as well as conceptual) here.
so what vowel is 'uh"
8:09 [i] and [e] sounds igualy
Great!!!
Super class
million thanks
Je n'arrive pas a accéder au site
good explanation i ger it
👏👏👏
Version of pronounced words is science
NICE PRESENTATION.
GREETINGS FROM MSU
that was helpful , thanks alottt
It's British or American sounds???
Ideally these are abstract, "cardinal" values that don't correspond directly to any one language, but to the most extreme positions each of these vowels can take. So the [i] used in this video is the very highest and most forward your tongue can be in your mouth without becoming a consonant sound, like [z] or something. Every language has some modification of some these sounds.
FZ FZK it's universal bro
may i know is it a british or american accent please ?
MARIAM kamal. neither, he has a foreign accent - rather Germanic.