The 17th Karmapa on taking unrequested vows from the 14th Dalai Lama and why he lacks monastic vows
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 7 ก.พ. 2025
- In this short clip (Tibetan and English subtitles, Chinese translation in writing below) from a speech in 2019, the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa explains how as a young man he was advised by HE Tenga Rinpoche to be given monastic ordination vows by the 14th Dalai Lama, even though the intermediate ordination (barma) was requested and not the novice (Getsul) vows. The plan was he would take the novice and full ordination vows from Karma Kagyu lineage masters, Tai Situ Rinpoche and Gyaltsab Rinpoche.
However, when the 14th Dalai Lama gave him the intermediate ordination, he also gave him the novice vows too.
The 17th Karmapa describe how he felt confused by this action, and wondered what the special reason for him doing that might be. However, he had some doubts about whether it was correct for him to take such vows outside his tradition of Karma Kagyu as did others around him.
In any case, some people have wondered why he still does not have full ordination (Gelong) vows. The 17th Karmapa explained that he never felt he got the novice monastic vows because to get genuine monastic vows one needs genuine and stable renunciation and wish to be liberated from samsara. Without that, any vows taken would just be an outer form and not a stable basis for genuine ethical conduct and discipline.
As a result, the 17th Karmapa stated he thought that he should take the novice and full ordination vows from the beginning again at some point, as planned with the Karma Kagyu lineage heart-sons, as is the tradition.
The subtitles and video clip are the work of Adele Tomlin/Dakini Publications. If this video is shared or used elsewhere, please cite this source.
Chinese translation of this clip is here:
以我为例。在我七岁的时候(按照西历的计算),我被认定为噶玛巴。因此,在被确认为噶玛巴之后,在拉萨的释迦牟尼佛像前,大司徒仁波切和嘉察仁波切为我剪发。事实上,在剪发仪式上,一个人接受三度皈依的戒律,这是居士戒的一部分。
然而,在那个时候(当时我还很年轻),聚集了很多人,我还不太明白两位仁波切给我的是什么。但它实际上是世俗的三度皈依戒。所以我没有收到任何东西,除了居士戒。那也不是真正的、完整的戒誓。当时,德钦仁波切还活着。他告诉我,既然我是噶玛巴,就可以特殊对待,所以如果我那时穿僧衣也没关系。所以从那时起,我就穿上了僧袍,尽管我没有进行任何的出家受戒。2002年,我来到印度后,嘉杰丹嘎仁波切给了我一些建议。他说:“到目前为止,你还没有接受任何出家戒,如果你能这样做就好了。出家应当行中级戒。”这是我第一次听说中级戒。所以,他说最好接受中级戒,并且接受十四世达赖喇嘛进行的受戒。据说也许是十六世噶玛巴是从十四世达赖喇嘛那里得到中级戒的缘故。所以,我向十四世达赖喇嘛请求了受中级戒。按理说,这应该在噶举派内进行,然后发出受戒誓言。他建议我从大司徒仁波切和嘉察仁波切那里接受这些戒誓比较好。因此,我向大司徒仁波切和嘉察仁波切请求受戒,他们认为这非常好。这个时候,从达赖喇嘛办公室传来了一条讯息,说达赖喇嘛要对我受中级戒。其实,我本有一个计划,将来要接受大司徒仁波切和嘉察仁波切的完整的出家戒。
那是在2002年,我16岁的时候,十四世达赖喇嘛让我接受中级戒。在他授中级戒的那天,他同时也给我授沙弥戒。我原本只要求被授予中级戒,但他却授予了我两项戒。他这样做一定有特殊原因。虽然当时我的想法是先接受中级戒,然后再接受大司徒仁波切和嘉察仁波切的沙弥戒,但他却同时授予了我两项戒。
在我们的噶举传承中有一些人说:“对我来说,重要的是要把我们自己的噶举传统带给新僧伽,而不是以其他方式去让他们受戒。这样做是不行的。” 然而,老实说,那时我还没有太深入地研究戒律。实际上,受中级戒并不是真正的出家受戒。一个人把俗衣放在一边,穿上僧袍,但这不是真正的出家。在这之后的很长一段时间里,我都在考虑是否应该按照噶举传统来接受沙弥戒,以及如何受戒。我对此抱有怀疑。此外,我也变得非常忙,常为噶举法会的工作而忙。
后来,当我学习戒律时,我对它的理解逐渐增加,我觉得我以前处理戒律的方式不太正确。我想我以前的受戒方式是不对的,如果我真的想以纯洁的方式受戒,我应该从头再来。特别是,如果一个人想要纯粹地接受戒律,如果他没有稳定的出离,将很难以稳定的方式持守戒律。如今,我们似乎只是遵循着比丘或比丘尼戒的习俗,但实际上,很少有人会深入思考这个问题,并从内心深处,希望去受戒。我想很多人都在想,为什么我到现在还没有完全受戒。在我看来,最主要的是,如果出离心没有真正生起,那么接受沙弥戒就很难产生完全纯粹的道德行为。