Thank you Sir I picked up an XE3 and delighted with it. It’s perfect with my 27mm. Your video is superb and applies to my camera. Very supportive indeed
Michael, excellent video. I would like to know would you need to upgrade to the XE4 if you have an XE3? I am thinking of buying a much cheaper XE3 therefore the question
@@MaartenHeilbron Thx, one more question, I have heard through some blogs / forums and TH-cam videos that the X-E2 does colour composition better than the X-E3 if you want that classic correct Fuji film simulation. Is this correct? I.e. the X-E2 has better image quality? Thx
@@MaartenHeilbron I had bought the Nikon ZFC and a little deflated when it comes to its film simulations or rather simulations. Would the X-E3 (excl. weather sealing) be a better camera than the Nikon ZFC? Thx
@@MaartenHeilbron Exactly my point , Maarten. There are far to many reviews on TH-cam of what are basically good stills photo cameras with a (often poor) video capability that concentrate on the secondary use for videography while skipping over the more important primary use , which is stills photography . It's been said many times :- " Cameras for photographs , cam-corders for videos."
@@alanjones3454 I've never heard that said before, and I'm not sure I agree at all. There are many great hybrid stills video cameras, like the Fujifilm X-T4.
I have binged a bunch of your videos today and you’ve made me a fan. I really appreciate how you bring your opinions and comparisons across. I’m currently an X-T30 user but I might give this X-E4 a chance.
That's very useful and practical content, Maarten! Thanks a bunch. I might view it hundred times at least to know the capabilities of this small beast!
Best Fuji gear reviewer - period. Thanks @Maarten Heilbron for covering all the detailed information - and even putting it together with a kind of continuous story line. Very well though-out. I think I will upgrade from my X-E2s to the X-E4 and working around the missing M/C/S switch by placing the focus mode setting in the Q menu right at the top (like you did) and also assign one of the swipe gestures to it. Then it should work quickly enough in summer (touch screen swipe) and winter with gloves (Q menu/joystick). AFL/AEL button will be used for AF-On back button focusing in M mode. I just hope that the build quality will be a tad better than on the X-E3 which I borrowed from my brother and I have to say my X-E2s feels way better. At least now in winter with thin gloves I can't feel/find the buttons (e.g. the DISP button to switch the overlays in the EVF on/off). And the dials on the X-E3 are already not working properly anymore although the camera is a little over one year old and rarely gets used - compared to my X-E2s which I use almost every single day.
Thanks. I think you may be exaggerating just slightly. Mostly I miss the easy access the white balance and film sim - but overall am enjoying the joystick.
Thank you for another thoughtful, systematic, relaxed, and highly useful camera review. I will be using it extensively to become fully functional with my new X-E4
Thank you Maarten!!!!! I do admit that I had to put the playback speed on 75%, there was a lot of information coming through very quickly and I couldn't absorb it all! (I think this says a whole lot more about me than you, you did great.) Just one small question: The buffer running on and on at 8fps, is this in JPG + Raw or JPG only? Cheers, Mikey
Is there a limit of video duration like 10 min in x-100V? if there is, am have to wait to cool down the camera, and for how long? I'm in my mid-60s and bought a canon M50, but heavy and not comfortable to take videos for me. thanks
I was so frustrated by the X-E4's video capability that I didn't bother to review it. Do not buy this camera if you intend to record video. Have a look at the X-S10, X-T4 or X-T5.
Thank you for this in depth tutorial. In P mode however, although I have assigned the front control dial to shutter speed, the aperture and shutter speed won't display neither on my screen nor in the view finder. What am I missing?
Hello Maarten! Finally got the Z5 with that tiny little kit lens after careful consideration. Your advice while I was trying to shop around the Z50 appealed to me to try and scale up to an entry level full frame rather. My first ever foray into full frames....so far I have been astonished with the quality of the photos, especially so as this is the quality from a kit lens, not even from an 'S' lens. With IBIS and weather proofing and practically the same magnesium build and button layout without skimping on any single button from the Z6/7, this camera is a bargain! Love your in-depth's thoroughly! Subbed! Cheers from India!
Fantastic in depth review Maarten, so appreciated. I just got my XE4 last week and was struggling a bit with the functions/buttons as it's different from the XT3. Now I'm feeling much more confident and enjoying having the camera with me all the time and never missing a shot.
That's great to hear - thanks for coming back and reporting in. I also really liked the X-T3's control layout and would have loved a similar approach on the X-E4. However, as you point out, it just takes some getting used-to.
Your reviews are detailed and informative. Keep up the good work! I own a Xpro1 for a long time along with a lot of film cameras of my time including a few Leica M and a few Hass, medium format drop backs. Which Fuji camera I should upgrade to for the higher resolution sensor? I am in Canada and do you have any affiliated shops in Toronto?
Thanks for this review and your professional approach Maarten which is refreshing on YT. I’m after an X100V as a walk about fun camera but nowhere to be seen so considering an XE4 with small prime. Other than being able to change lenses, what in your opinion would you see as critical differences between those two camera choices?
Thanks for the review! This was the first camera I purchased since my 5d ii and am struggling with bracketing / when to use it, since my old cam didn’t t have this. Is there a good place or old video where you get into this more?
It was a pleasure to read your kind words. I don't know where you'll find more bracketing information - I recommend you try it out and see what happens. I costs nothing (except time) and there is a great deal that experience can teach you that most youtubers can't.
Great work as always Maarten! Currently considering this camera as my first Fuji, and this video was such a help getting my head around the general handling and menu terminology after a decade shooting professionally with Canon/Sony. This camera will only be shooting personal stuff but good to get a grounding before getting it in the hand. Will be watching again once I have it, no doubt 👍🏻
Hi dude, this review is great. Probably the most informative I've found to date. Quick question though, is the focus bracketing on this as good as say the xt3? I need a camera for product photography which doesn't break the bank (I will be using a 60mm macro for the majority of my photos due to price), and this one seems to be a bit better of a fit until I upgrade to something a little bigger like the xt4. Everywhere I have looked they don't show or say that the xe4 has focus bracketing, and you are the first source I have found that shows otherwise. Probably a pointless question but I just had to know. Thanks!
I suggest you download the manual. It has all the details if you don't believe me. Might be worth considering the X-S10, which is a better camera: th-cam.com/video/GTh0yR53tU8/w-d-xo.html
Fantastic video. I want to order the X-E4 with the 27mm kit lens. Do you really need the thumb rest if you only use the 27mm lens combined with a wrist strap? Thanks in advance 😉
Maarten, this was a thorough and helpful review. I wish Fuji would make the 18-55 available as a kit option, especially with its image stabilization. Given this, I think the XS 10 makes more sense, with just marginal increases in cost and size. Thank you for your help.
Hey Maarten, amazing channel with rarely-seen (especially on TH-cam) very high level content, I have just subscribed and I know your videos will be of great help for me to learn the basics of photography since I am a novice. I would love to receive your opinion on a related matter. I really did my job, deep diving as much as I could in the comparison between the X-T30 and X-S10. I know all the slight differences and those that are really going to matter in my purchase are: X-T30 has a 200 euro lower price than the X-S10 and the manual dials; while the X-S10 has the flip screen and the classic neg simulation (which I like), and it has the newer firmware that has a better autofocus. Plus it has the more classic PASM dial. I know the differences are much more, but keeping it short those are the ones that matter the most to me. The XE4, if the price goes down a little, seems interesting too and I would consider it in the comparison also. I am looking for my first camera, basically only for stills. I will pair it with a 35 f2 small prime. I need a camera that is portable, easy to shoot (PASM vs Manual dials?). I will use it to document a bit my life and sometimes I will give it to other people to take pictures of me. I think I will shoot in auto or p mode at the beginning, maybe then in aperture priority. Saving the extra 200 euro would be great but I will spend them happily if this can make the shooting process easier (and faster) with the X-S10. I enjoy photography and I will grow on it over time, but to start with I would prefer a body that is a bit more immediate. Also, having tried all the camera, you may have seen some other advantages/disadvantages or incremental improvements from the XT30 to the newer cameras. I know it’s a difficult and very subjective question, but I would love to know what’s your take on this knowing the info I gave you. Thank you for your help!
The colors in your sample images makes this camera rather tempting. In your expert opinion, is there any validity to the notion that Fujifilm has better color? Another fantastic review MH, thank you.
Hey Rick - thanks for your kind words (I hope you caught the shout-out to you!) Yes, I do think that Fujifilm offers some colour options not available elsewhere, and much harder to reproduce than the "landscape", "portrait", "fall colour" profiles that others have. Many of those were taken with both of the colour chrome settings on - which really punches up some details in darker saturated flowers (the tulips) and blue skies (the snowshoeing exteriors). That said, a reasonably proficient Lightroom operator can probably equal or improve on those. But for SOOC, Fujifilm does offer surprisingly good results. However, and while I often say this and overlooked it this time, what I really enjoy is the black and white mode. Shooting in black and white (+RAW) seems to inspire some creativity that isn't otherwise released when I'm out. Knowing that I can later apply any film sim, etc. is a wonderful bonus.
Yes please cover overheating in video mode. I only want to buy this camera is I can reliably use it for video. Does it overheat if you shootmboth internal recording and hdmi out over an atomos V?
New subscriber here. Excellent review and really appealing format and examples. Thank you! I have been toying for a while to get in the Fuji system. This seems like the camera - lens combo to get as a start. Would you have other recommendations?
I do TikTok and Reals every day. But I do a lot of photography in 2 of the days the week. I really want this camera because of the longer videos that it can do compared to xt30. Is a stabilised lens a good option or I need to go to the xs10? Or this camera with gimbal. I use a gimbal with my phone and it’s easy for me.
This camera will not create longer videos than the X-T30, as it overheats. The amount of stabilization you need depends on your situation. Clearly, a gimbal is the best solution that provides the best stabilization under the most demanding circumstances.
Hi, I think you mentioned that it doesn’t have a view mode for the finder button, but can you set it inside the camera or does it only uses sensor to show evf and blacks screen? Or does the screen remain showing? Thanks
Excellent video! I am about to get my first camera. Would you suggest the xt30 or the xe4? xt30 is about $140 cheaper here(body only). Seems that both are same except the latest autofocus, 2 film simulation modes, and some more video capabilities in xe4.
@@MaartenHeilbron Thank you for your reply! My primary use is for landscape photography & short video clips on trips and treks. XS10 is out of my budget, so its between xe4 and xt30 for me.
When you review the new 70-300mm lens, can you make a size comparison with the 55-200mm? I'm very interested in the 70-300mm "macro" capabilities, but I don't want a lens that is too big for the X-S10. Thanks!
Maarten, my complements as always for doing a fabulous review. My question are you buying this camera to use for yourself? If not, what’s your own personal choice in this class? Thanks again Maarten!
At this point, I only borrowed it from Fujifilm Canada for review. I'm not so fond of small cameras. The X-S10 is the better choice in my view. Or the Sony A6100.
When flipping out the LCD so it is right angle to the back of the camera to casually shoot from the waist, is it easy to trigger selfie mode due the the proximity to the EVF eye sensor thus causing the image to flip upside down?
thanks for the review!! however i find quite complicated to use this camera in full manual mode like my main nikon d850, and feel shouldnt be that way!! but thanks
i always take a light-but-inspiring silver X-E3 with grip & silver 23mm f2 on the go (and X-T3 & T4 with some lenses for more creative photography or videography)
Hi Mr.Heilbron, I just got my E4 and I hope you can share your settings in low light condition with this camera. I am a newbie and I learned a lot from your videos. Thank you very much sir ☺️
Thanks again for a spot on informative video. But I have a question for you. I have the older XF27, I found that the only way to change the aperture is to press the front dial to highlight 'F' and then turn the dial to change the aperture. Is this the only way to control the aperture on lenses with no aperture ring? Thank you in advance and keep up the awesome work your doing on these videos.
Hello Maarten, I do some decent landscape photography very much using my moto G5 plus mobile. But I do miss the sharp clarity and good portraits in my device. Was planning for a new compact cam, which is hassle free and also allows me to learn and explore more. After some explorations I found to stick with Fuji cams. I wanted to go with X-A7 model, but can strech my budget to 1000$ inclusion of prime lens and a decent zoom lens and a small tripod. Also XT200 was tempting me, since it has got more focal points and bit of inbody stabilization. Could you please give me some clarity/ideas so that I can look into and decide the device that could suit my expectations. I prefer stills mostly (landscape, portraits and low-light snaps). Also a decent videography would be great. Please let me know your thoughts.
Not sure about budget and prices where you are - but there's very little functional difference between these three. The number of focal points won't make any difference and in-body stabilization is useful mostly for longer lenses with smaller apertures. A flash or a tripod will be more useful.
As always, yet another awesome review! Maarten, do you see entry-level cameras like the X-A7, X-T200 going obsolete owing to the upsurge of stunning phone cameras like those on the Pixel and iPhone? I wonder if this is true for the likes of the E4 as well?
Not really. Those who would like to pay attention to the details of photography and care about quality and capability will never find the smartphone a suitable solution.
On the burst rate at 16:42, you indicate 8 fps mechanical shutter and almost unlimited shooting in the buffer. What setting is that? JPEG, or RAW plus JPEG?
@@MaartenHeilbron Thank you for your fast reply. Would you have a similar comparison of that number of shots before the buffer fills at the RAW or RAw plus JPEG setting?
As usual great video...just a suggestion..can you add chapters to your video so that if someone wants go to particular timeline it will be easy...thanks
An informative video. Well done 👍 Will take me multiple viewings to absorb more.. I've been tempted to move to Fuji from Panasonic M43. Was looking at a cheap XE3. But now wondering about XE4. The extra film simulations ( I always shot Fuji in film SLR's.) Tiltable screen like my Panasonic (GX80). Newer sensor. Of course it comes with the new 27mm 2.8 too? Hoping to see reviews on that... Just wished it had ibis like my Panasonic..
@@MaartenHeilbron I look forward to that. Thanks for all you do. I must say, The XE3 looks more comfortable to hold, and less flat. But the XE4 has many pluses too.
Thanks for the excellent review! I wonder why you find DR priority to be better than DR. In your samples, there is less contrast in the DR priority shot, which is less appealing to me. Is there some advantage in terms of more detail in the shots, perhaps? Thanks!
It's just about the dynamic range, not detail or anything else. And that's the inevitable result of increasing the dynamic range, an apparent decrease in contrast. And note that I was using the max to demonstrate the effect.
Please suggest me a camera I want a personal camera that is pocketable enough to take with me when I travel. Currently I have fuji X70. I love this camera. However, there are some features i am missing on it. Requirement: Compact/pocketable good range of teleconverter from 18mm to 75mm at least( X70 has 18mm,35mm,50mm focal range) Video with excellent stabilization. Physical buttons for shutter speed,ISO, Aperture etc. In built ND filter would be a plus. Thank You
I cannot think of a camera that meets all of those requirements. The Sony RX100 series meets some of them - they're very small and pocketable, but the latest models don't have ND, nor any easy way to attach an ND filter.
i loved my X70 - first Fuji - with its 3 (crop) lenses 28-35-50 eq & aps-c sensor: perfect for street or travel photography (Geneva, Viêt Nam). To keep it? Seems to inspire you as well… and to add (for instance: other brands should be fine) a recent « small » Fuji (X-T30, X-E4) with grip & a stabilized zoom such as 18-55 or 16-80 WR (24-122 eq to explore) or affordable X-S10 with ibis and a bright prime (easy: on which X70 lens your pictures mainly rely on?). Variable ND filter (bigger size to avoid vignetting) for video or waterfall (caution: these cameras are not waterproof: X-T3 or T4 are). See Maarten’s videos (always;) & Fuji statement on their best lenses for video.
So many upgrades to the image processing, sensor, options and the screen, but big downgrades in handling, dials and buttons. :( If they just had leave the grip, rear dial and AF Mode Leaver where they are, i absolutely would had bought the cam to replace my X-E3.
since the xe2 the Xe series made great photos, lens were great especially the prime, but this xe4 design is a big leap in improving the looks, looks even better with the optional grip and thumbrest. probably buy one just for the looks
@@MaartenHeilbron I agree, I’ll be keeping my X-E3, though I really like the overall form of the X-E4, I think they missed it ergonomically, by having to add the grip and thumb. Great camera though. Wish it had kept the rear dial, built in grip, and had WR. The flip screen looks great. Maybe a mid cycle X-E4 will be a WR version. One can hope!
No, but I do not imagine it will be different than 200Mbps. Please don't consider this camera for any serious video production, you'll be upset and disappointed.
@@MaartenHeilbron May I ask why you say that? Isn't the E4 exactly the same as the S10 in terms of specifications, expect that it does not have IBIS? Is this unsuitable for casual content of 10-15 minutes as well?
@@MaartenHeilbron Thanks for clarifying. I did watch your comparison video. I'm basically looking at entering into the Fuji system with the E4 and then moving on to the S10 (or T40 if that's available in a year or so). My primary requirement right now is to be able to create short videos (10-15 min) and casual stills, but I have a strong preference for a small sized camera.
@@homesavvytech In my mind, the X-S10 is the T40 - I don't think we're going to see that model (but I could be wrong). If you are creating videos, unless they are done in a single take, and only require one take, you will end up waiting for the camera to cool down. If the conditions are warm, it will be even more limited. There are small Sony models (A6100, A6500) that don't have a recording limit and are less likely to overheat. There are also some excellent small Panasonic options for video production.
An ND filter would be very unusual for a camera with interchangeable lenses. And video (like burst, focus stacking, panorama and other features) is easily ignored.
@@MaartenHeilbron They've just added it to the X-S10 in a firmware update, and had I known that the X-E4 was crippled in this way might have caused me to have bought the S10 instead. The decision not to include it seems contrary to the Kaizen philosophy that brought me to Fuji, and makes the X-E4 much less useful as a studio backup camera -- which was the role my X-T2 had played for years.
Almost no reviewers mention this but the flip out LCD ribbon connector has to be the worst design ever offering no backplates to protect it from being torn by a stray finger. What was Fuji thinking with this lazy, ill-thought out design? Is this cost savings taken too far? I expect many casualties with damaged cables where Fuji will deny warranty claims blaming owners. Hold the camera in selfie mode and it doesn't take much to accidentally damage the cable.
""it also has all of the manual controls and capabilities to satisfy the most demanding creator"... that's not really true. Just compared it with XE3 or XPro2 (XE was meant to be an EVF-only XPro in the early years) or X100V. "some nice tricks like fujifilm's color profiles", well, nostalgic negative isn't given to XE4, what it has is nothing new just like the rest of fuji X, on the other hand, GFX is getting that new profile and all the better things, so really, XE4 is clearly not the one fuji put their passion into, GFX100S is. Remember it was 2012 back then XE1 was the passion. Now XE feels like a cheap hobby project.
Why all the negativity and exaggeration? What could you possibly wish to control that the X-E4 does not provide? How did a new film simulation, that none of us have had the opportunity to properly evaluate, possibly be so important?
@@MaartenHeilbron :) Did I make up anything? I was not saying that particular film profile is important (truth is, fuji has been using new film profiles as their selling points, most premium fuji x or gfx cams came with new profiles). I was only talking about how XE4 was obviously "simplified" in terms of physical controls (the comparison between this XE and the old ones and X100V etc.), surely the controls are somewhere in the menu, but why do you feel you can safely say that "satisfy the most demanding creator"? Plz don't assume what other people might think:) If you feel that's exaggeration, sorry about that. I only meant to say I am one not satisfied, but I guess I am not qualified as a "creator" so who cares what I say:( I am just one of those XE users that want a XE stick to what it started years ago. I see you really like this one:) Good for you!
@@chongleebnw The lack of a physical dial does not equate to the loss of that control. Whether you want to set exposure, focus, white balance or other settings manually, the X-E4 can accommodate. Then there are features like brackets, including focus and interval timer - I think that's sufficient to satisfy the most demanding photographer. That is what I meant.
Sorry. I'm in Toronto. Remember that it's a review ,not a tutorial; and that TH-cam has speed controls and the ability to replay/review as many times as you need.
The only X-E4 walk around that I have been waiting for, sooo comprehensive!
Hopefully we get to review a GFX100S to toy around with 🤭
Thank you, thank you , thank you! Always nice to hear from my members - particularly when I've done a good job!
Damn. This was the most pleasant, detailed, and engaging cameras set up video/review I’ve ever watched.
Thank you kindly for your comments, appreciated.
Thank you for this very informative tutorial. I've just purchased my first mirrorless camera, an X-E4.
Great to hear! Thanks for commenting with your kind words.
Thank you Sir
I picked up an XE3 and delighted with it. It’s perfect with my 27mm. Your video is superb and applies to my camera. Very supportive indeed
Great to hear! Thanks for commenting.
Michael, excellent video. I would like to know would you need to upgrade to the XE4 if you have an XE3? I am thinking of buying a much cheaper XE3 therefore the question
@@simfishsho I would not do that upgrade, although there are some nice to have features, I prefer the X-E3.
@@MaartenHeilbron Thx, one more question, I have heard through some blogs / forums and TH-cam videos that the X-E2 does colour composition better than the X-E3 if you want that classic correct Fuji film simulation. Is this correct? I.e. the X-E2 has better image quality? Thx
@@MaartenHeilbron I had bought the Nikon ZFC and a little deflated when it comes to its film simulations or rather simulations. Would the X-E3 (excl. weather sealing) be a better camera than the Nikon ZFC? Thx
Thank you Maarten. At last a review/tutorial that doesn't force us stills photographers to watch unwanted info on video usage !
Because honestly, this is not a video camera.
@@MaartenHeilbron Exactly my point , Maarten. There are far to many reviews on TH-cam of what are basically good stills photo cameras with a (often poor) video capability that concentrate on the secondary use for videography while skipping over the more important primary use , which is stills photography . It's been said many times :- " Cameras for photographs , cam-corders for videos."
@@alanjones3454 I've never heard that said before, and I'm not sure I agree at all. There are many great hybrid stills video cameras, like the Fujifilm X-T4.
i like how clear you go about making this video
Thank you. Always nice to know that viewers appreciate my style.
I have binged a bunch of your videos today and you’ve made me a fan. I really appreciate how you bring your opinions and comparisons across. I’m currently an X-T30 user but I might give this X-E4 a chance.
Thanks for your kind words. Consider the X-S10 instead: th-cam.com/video/GTh0yR53tU8/w-d-xo.html
That's very useful and practical content, Maarten! Thanks a bunch. I might view it hundred times at least to know the capabilities of this small beast!
Always nice to read that viewers find my videos helpful, thanks!!
Best Fuji gear reviewer - period. Thanks @Maarten Heilbron for covering all the detailed information - and even putting it together with a kind of continuous story line. Very well though-out.
I think I will upgrade from my X-E2s to the X-E4 and working around the missing M/C/S switch by placing the focus mode setting in the Q menu right at the top (like you did) and also assign one of the swipe gestures to it. Then it should work quickly enough in summer (touch screen swipe) and winter with gloves (Q menu/joystick).
AFL/AEL button will be used for AF-On back button focusing in M mode.
I just hope that the build quality will be a tad better than on the X-E3 which I borrowed from my brother and I have to say my X-E2s feels way better. At least now in winter with thin gloves I can't feel/find the buttons (e.g. the DISP button to switch the overlays in the EVF on/off). And the dials on the X-E3 are already not working properly anymore although the camera is a little over one year old and rarely gets used - compared to my X-E2s which I use almost every single day.
Always nice to read about my viewer's personal experiences and insights - thanks for commenting and for your very kind words!
Nice overview as always. The removal of the back wheel was a crime against humanity. ☹️
Thanks. I think you may be exaggerating just slightly. Mostly I miss the easy access the white balance and film sim - but overall am enjoying the joystick.
Thank you for another thoughtful, systematic, relaxed, and highly useful camera review. I will be using it extensively to become fully functional with my new X-E4
Always my pleasure, thanks for the kind words.
Thank you Maarten!!!!! I do admit that I had to put the playback speed on 75%, there was a lot of information coming through very quickly and I couldn't absorb it all! (I think this says a whole lot more about me than you, you did great.)
Just one small question: The buffer running on and on at 8fps, is this in JPG + Raw or JPG only?
Cheers, Mikey
JPEG only. With RAW it chokes pretty quickly - and defeats the purpose.
@@MaartenHeilbron Got it. Thanks.
Hi Maarten, your tutorials help us exploring new artistic ways: i always rediscover my Fuji cameras & your videos boost my inspiration. Bravo
Great to hear! Thanks for commenting.
Is there a limit of video duration like 10 min in x-100V? if there is, am have to wait to cool down the camera, and for how long? I'm in my mid-60s and bought a canon M50, but heavy and not comfortable to take videos for me. thanks
I was so frustrated by the X-E4's video capability that I didn't bother to review it. Do not buy this camera if you intend to record video. Have a look at the X-S10, X-T4 or X-T5.
Thank you for this in depth tutorial. In P mode however, although I have assigned the front control dial to shutter speed, the aperture and shutter speed won't display neither on my screen nor in the view finder. What am I missing?
Likely because in P mode, both aperture and shutter are controlled by the camera. They should display briefly after you soft press the shutter.
Hello Maarten!
Finally got the Z5 with that tiny little kit lens after careful consideration. Your advice while I was trying to shop around the Z50 appealed to me to try and scale up to an entry level full frame rather. My first ever foray into full frames....so far I have been astonished with the quality of the photos, especially so as this is the quality from a kit lens, not even from an 'S' lens. With IBIS and weather proofing and practically the same magnesium build and button layout without skimping on any single button from the Z6/7, this camera is a bargain!
Love your in-depth's thoroughly! Subbed! Cheers from India!
Always nice to hear from a photographer who's found a camera that pleases. Thanks for commenting.
Unbelievable detail here. Outstanding work, as always.
Thank you very much! I appreciate your kind words.
Was waiting for such thorough introduction. Thank you !
Thanks, always nice to know my work is appreciated.
Fantastic in depth review Maarten, so appreciated. I just got my XE4 last week and was struggling a bit with the functions/buttons as it's different from the XT3. Now I'm feeling much more confident and enjoying having the camera with me all the time and never missing a shot.
That's great to hear - thanks for coming back and reporting in. I also really liked the X-T3's control layout and would have loved a similar approach on the X-E4. However, as you point out, it just takes some getting used-to.
Hallo Maarten
Love your table of contents, makes your review so much more useful,,,, thank you.
Happy to hear that! It works even better now that TH-cam added the scan bar.
Your reviews are detailed and informative. Keep up the good work! I own a Xpro1 for a long time along with a lot of film cameras of my time including a few Leica M and a few Hass, medium format drop backs. Which Fuji camera I should upgrade to for the higher resolution sensor? I am in Canada and do you have any affiliated shops in Toronto?
I'm also in Toronto, but I have no affiliations with any local stores. Have you looked at the GFX-50R? th-cam.com/video/Q0gFd5W02CI/w-d-xo.html
Thanks for this review and your professional approach Maarten which is refreshing on YT. I’m after an X100V as a walk about fun camera but nowhere to be seen so considering an XE4 with small prime. Other than being able to change lenses, what in your opinion would you see as critical differences between those two camera choices?
The X-E4 is very minimal in terms of its design and controls. Thanks, a pleasure to read your kind words.
I have xt20, im thinking of getting this e4 for tilt screen for selfie, i mostly used my camera for casual personal usage
Sounds like you have a good reason to upgrade.
Thanks for the review! This was the first camera I purchased since my 5d ii and am struggling with bracketing / when to use it, since my old cam didn’t t have this. Is there a good place or old video where you get into this more?
It was a pleasure to read your kind words. I don't know where you'll find more bracketing information - I recommend you try it out and see what happens. I costs nothing (except time) and there is a great deal that experience can teach you that most youtubers can't.
Great work as always Maarten! Currently considering this camera as my first Fuji, and this video was such a help getting my head around the general handling and menu terminology after a decade shooting professionally with Canon/Sony. This camera will only be shooting personal stuff but good to get a grounding before getting it in the hand. Will be watching again once I have it, no doubt 👍🏻
Thanks! It's always nice to know my content is useful and appreciated.
Hello Phil, I am now considering buying the X-E4 would you recommend it ? Did you buy it?
Thank you so much for the amazing review! I just purchased the camera and I was wondering if you knew how to zoom in and out manually on the camera?
Turn the ring on the lens that sets the focal length. Thanks for your kind words.
Hi dude, this review is great. Probably the most informative I've found to date.
Quick question though, is the focus bracketing on this as good as say the xt3? I need a camera for product photography which doesn't break the bank (I will be using a 60mm macro for the majority of my photos due to price), and this one seems to be a bit better of a fit until I upgrade to something a little bigger like the xt4. Everywhere I have looked they don't show or say that the xe4 has focus bracketing, and you are the first source I have found that shows otherwise.
Probably a pointless question but I just had to know.
Thanks!
I suggest you download the manual. It has all the details if you don't believe me. Might be worth considering the X-S10, which is a better camera: th-cam.com/video/GTh0yR53tU8/w-d-xo.html
Fantastic video. I want to order the X-E4 with the 27mm kit lens. Do you really need the thumb rest if you only use the 27mm lens combined with a wrist strap? Thanks in advance 😉
No need, you can easily forgo the thumb rest, as I stated.
Maarten, this was a thorough and helpful review. I wish Fuji would make the 18-55 available as a kit option, especially with its image stabilization. Given this, I think the XS 10 makes more sense, with just marginal increases in cost and size. Thank you for your help.
Glad it was helpful! Thanks for taking the time to comment.
Hey Maarten,
amazing channel with rarely-seen (especially on TH-cam) very high level content, I have just subscribed and I know your videos will be of great help for me to learn the basics of photography since I am a novice.
I would love to receive your opinion on a related matter. I really did my job, deep diving as much as I could in the comparison between the X-T30 and X-S10. I know all the slight differences and those that are really going to matter in my purchase are: X-T30 has a 200 euro lower price than the X-S10 and the manual dials; while the X-S10 has the flip screen and the classic neg simulation (which I like), and it has the newer firmware that has a better autofocus. Plus it has the more classic PASM dial.
I know the differences are much more, but keeping it short those are the ones that matter the most to me. The XE4, if the price goes down a little, seems interesting too and I would consider it in the comparison also.
I am looking for my first camera, basically only for stills. I will pair it with a 35 f2 small prime. I need a camera that is portable, easy to shoot (PASM vs Manual dials?). I will use it to document a bit my life and sometimes I will give it to other people to take pictures of me. I think I will shoot in auto or p mode at the beginning, maybe then in aperture priority. Saving the extra 200 euro would be great but I will spend them happily if this can make the shooting process easier (and faster) with the X-S10. I enjoy photography and I will grow on it over time, but to start with I would prefer a body that is a bit more immediate. Also, having tried all the camera, you may have seen some other advantages/disadvantages or incremental improvements from the XT30 to the newer cameras.
I know it’s a difficult and very subjective question, but I would love to know what’s your take on this knowing the info I gave you. Thank you for your help!
The colors in your sample images makes this camera rather tempting. In your expert opinion, is there any validity to the notion that Fujifilm has better color? Another fantastic review MH, thank you.
Hey Rick - thanks for your kind words (I hope you caught the shout-out to you!)
Yes, I do think that Fujifilm offers some colour options not available elsewhere, and much harder to reproduce than the "landscape", "portrait", "fall colour" profiles that others have. Many of those were taken with both of the colour chrome settings on - which really punches up some details in darker saturated flowers (the tulips) and blue skies (the snowshoeing exteriors). That said, a reasonably proficient Lightroom operator can probably equal or improve on those. But for SOOC, Fujifilm does offer surprisingly good results.
However, and while I often say this and overlooked it this time, what I really enjoy is the black and white mode. Shooting in black and white (+RAW) seems to inspire some creativity that isn't otherwise released when I'm out. Knowing that I can later apply any film sim, etc. is a wonderful bonus.
any tricks or tips how to access quickly View Mode, the button that is gone on the X-E4? : )
It can be assigned to a custom button (p 254)
Yes please cover overheating in video mode. I only want to buy this camera is I can reliably use it for video. Does it overheat if you shootmboth internal recording and hdmi out over an atomos V?
I tested overheating here. th-cam.com/video/GTh0yR53tU8/w-d-xo.html
I decided against doing a review of the video features.
Thanks for this video! Is the view finder magnification a bit too small esp. if I'm coming from budget canon dslrs?
I didn't think so - but best to drop by your dealer to check it out for yourself. Thanks for your kind words.
New subscriber here. Excellent review and really appealing format and examples. Thank you!
I have been toying for a while to get in the Fuji system. This seems like the camera - lens combo to get as a start. Would you have other recommendations?
Welcome aboard! The X-S10 with the 16-80. Thanks for your kind words.
Going to come back to this what a fantastic video
Glad you enjoyed it, thanks for your kind words.
I do TikTok and Reals every day. But I do a lot of photography in 2 of the days the week. I really want this camera because of the longer videos that it can do compared to xt30. Is a stabilised lens a good option or I need to go to the xs10? Or this camera with gimbal. I use a gimbal with my phone and it’s easy for me.
This camera will not create longer videos than the X-T30, as it overheats. The amount of stabilization you need depends on your situation. Clearly, a gimbal is the best solution that provides the best stabilization under the most demanding circumstances.
Subscribed and a like ofcourse for the best fujifilm reviewer!! Regards from Will (Arnhem)
A pleasure to read your kind words, thanks for commenting.
Hi, I think you mentioned that it doesn’t have a view mode for the finder button, but can you set it inside the camera or does it only uses sensor to show evf and blacks screen? Or does the screen remain showing? Thanks
You can set it in the menu.
That was a wonderful demonstration of continuous focus tracking, thank you.
Glad it was helpful! Always nice to know my work is appreciated.
Excellent video!
I am about to get my first camera. Would you suggest the xt30 or the xe4? xt30 is about $140 cheaper here(body only). Seems that both are same except the latest autofocus, 2 film simulation modes, and some more video capabilities in xe4.
Thanks. What are you planning to do? As a street or holiday photo camera, I'd take the X-E4. Otherwise the X-T30 or X-S10.
@@MaartenHeilbron Thank you for your reply! My primary use is for landscape photography & short video clips on trips and treks. XS10 is out of my budget, so its between xe4 and xt30 for me.
@@sayanghosh2177 Take the X-T30.
@@MaartenHeilbron thanks a lot for your suggestion!
When you review the new 70-300mm lens, can you make a size comparison with the 55-200mm? I'm very interested in the 70-300mm "macro" capabilities, but I don't want a lens that is too big for the X-S10. Thanks!
Will do.
Can I make silent Shutter sound, I mean clicking sound of camera while taking photo. Pls answer
Yes.
@@MaartenHeilbron How ? Please tell me
Excellent video :-) Fuji should pay you for doing educational video's for their product.
Thanks for the kind words.
Nope. Then I wouldn't have the freedom to be honest with you.
@@MaartenHeilbron Absolutely true😇
Great review, is it possible set one of the custom buttons for recording video or you have to always go to menu and change for video mode?
Although you can assign "start video recording" to one of the three custom keys, the only way to switch to video mode is with the drive menu.
@@MaartenHeilbron thank you👍
Thanks Maarten for the thorough review.
My pleasure! Thanks for your kind words.
Maarten, my complements as always for doing a fabulous review. My question are you buying this camera to use for yourself? If not, what’s your own personal choice in this class? Thanks again Maarten!
At this point, I only borrowed it from Fujifilm Canada for review. I'm not so fond of small cameras. The X-S10 is the better choice in my view. Or the Sony A6100.
Such a detailed video. Thank you! 📷
Glad you enjoyed it! Always a pleasure to read kind words.
When flipping out the LCD so it is right angle to the back of the camera to casually shoot from the waist, is it easy to trigger selfie mode due the the proximity to the EVF eye sensor thus causing the image to flip upside down?
That is an issue with no current solution - except not to hold the camera quite so close. I have not found a setting to disable this.
thanks for the review!! however i find quite complicated to use this camera in full manual mode like my main nikon d850, and feel shouldnt be that way!! but thanks
Understood. Why do you feel the need to shoot in full manual? That's not the intent of this model.
Thank you Maarten. Is the Diopter range the same as the X-E3? It wasn't wide enough for me on the X100T but the X-E3 is perfect for me.
Yes, same. Stick with the X-E3 (but a full side by side comparison is in progress)
i always take a light-but-inspiring silver X-E3 with grip & silver 23mm f2 on the go (and X-T3 & T4 with some lenses for more creative photography or videography)
@@swissheartydogs Sounds like a satisfactory arrangement.
Hi Mr.Heilbron, I just got my E4 and I hope you can share your settings in low light condition with this camera. I am a newbie and I learned a lot from your videos. Thank you very much sir ☺️
Use aperture priority, open the iris all the way, set AutoISO to max 6400.
Thanks again for a spot on informative video. But I have a question for you. I have the older XF27, I found that the only way to change the aperture is to press the front dial to highlight 'F' and then turn the dial to change the aperture. Is this the only way to control the aperture on lenses with no aperture ring? Thank you in advance and keep up the awesome work your doing on these videos.
Yes, that's it. Thanks for your kind words.
Hello Maarten, I do some decent landscape photography very much using my moto G5 plus mobile. But I do miss the sharp clarity and good portraits in my device. Was planning for a new compact cam, which is hassle free and also allows me to learn and explore more. After some explorations I found to stick with Fuji cams. I wanted to go with X-A7 model, but can strech my budget to 1000$ inclusion of prime lens and a decent zoom lens and a small tripod. Also XT200 was tempting me, since it has got more focal points and bit of inbody stabilization. Could you please give me some clarity/ideas so that I can look into and decide the device that could suit my expectations. I prefer stills mostly (landscape, portraits and low-light snaps). Also a decent videography would be great. Please let me know your thoughts.
Not sure about budget and prices where you are - but there's very little functional difference between these three. The number of focal points won't make any difference and in-body stabilization is useful mostly for longer lenses with smaller apertures. A flash or a tripod will be more useful.
As always, yet another awesome review! Maarten, do you see entry-level cameras like the X-A7, X-T200 going obsolete owing to the upsurge of stunning phone cameras like those on the Pixel and iPhone? I wonder if this is true for the likes of the E4 as well?
Not really. Those who would like to pay attention to the details of photography and care about quality and capability will never find the smartphone a suitable solution.
Does xe4 have a digital gimbal like in xt200?
It does not.
hello sir, can you help choose between fujifilm x-t200 and x-e4? i am confused
I did not like the X-T200 enough to complete my review, if that's any assistance.
@@MaartenHeilbron oh my god, is it that bad? okay thank you, this really helps
@@pannkkh Maybe not that bad, but I just couldn't bring myself to complete the review.
On the burst rate at 16:42, you indicate 8 fps mechanical shutter and almost unlimited shooting in the buffer. What setting is that? JPEG, or RAW plus JPEG?
That would be Fine JPEG.
@@MaartenHeilbron Thank you for your fast reply. Would you have a similar comparison of that number of shots before the buffer fills at the RAW or RAw plus JPEG setting?
@@dougkoontz1752 No. sorry. But it's much shorter, less than 20 if I remember correctly.
How do you override continuous to manual mode or lock to subject?
Here's a detailed tutorial on Fujifilm focus: th-cam.com/video/mu_iDi0VfvA/w-d-xo.html
As usual great video...just a suggestion..can you add chapters to your video so that if someone wants go to particular timeline it will be easy...thanks
Sorry. Added now. Thanks for your kind words.
An informative video. Well done 👍
Will take me multiple viewings to absorb more..
I've been tempted to move to Fuji from Panasonic M43.
Was looking at a cheap XE3.
But now wondering about XE4.
The extra film simulations ( I always shot Fuji in film SLR's.)
Tiltable screen like my Panasonic (GX80). Newer sensor.
Of course it comes with the new 27mm 2.8 too?
Hoping to see reviews on that...
Just wished it had ibis like my Panasonic..
I'm just finishing my X-E3 to X-E4 comparison - hang in for a few days!
@@MaartenHeilbron
I look forward to that.
Thanks for all you do.
I must say, The XE3 looks more comfortable to hold, and less flat.
But the XE4 has many pluses too.
@@Oske.images I know, hard call. The X-E3 looks like the nicer camera from the outside, but inside the X-E4 has several nice to have upgrades.
Excellent and useful review
Glad it was helpful! Thanks for your kind words.
Can custom settings be set on the Fujifilm xa7 ? custom presets?
Yes, but not as extensively as the X-S10.
@@MaartenHeilbron please make a video if possible
@@abjordan2217 No longer possible, sorry.
@@MaartenHeilbron 😢
Excellent demonstration
Thanks, I appreciate your kind words.
Thanks for the excellent review! I wonder why you find DR priority to be better than DR. In your samples, there is less contrast in the DR priority shot, which is less appealing to me. Is there some advantage in terms of more detail in the shots, perhaps? Thanks!
It's just about the dynamic range, not detail or anything else. And that's the inevitable result of increasing the dynamic range, an apparent decrease in contrast. And note that I was using the max to demonstrate the effect.
Beautiful and thorough review!!
Thank you! Always nice to read kind words.
Awesome as usual. Is there a boost mode on xe4?
Yes. Low light or resolution priority settings.
Please suggest me a camera
I want a personal camera that is pocketable enough to take with me when I travel. Currently I have fuji X70. I love this camera. However, there are some features i am missing on it.
Requirement:
Compact/pocketable
good range of teleconverter from 18mm to 75mm at least( X70 has 18mm,35mm,50mm focal range)
Video with excellent stabilization.
Physical buttons for shutter speed,ISO, Aperture etc.
In built ND filter would be a plus.
Thank You
I cannot think of a camera that meets all of those requirements. The Sony RX100 series meets some of them - they're very small and pocketable, but the latest models don't have ND, nor any easy way to attach an ND filter.
i loved my X70 - first Fuji - with its 3 (crop) lenses 28-35-50 eq & aps-c sensor: perfect for street or travel photography (Geneva, Viêt Nam). To keep it? Seems to inspire you as well…
and to add (for instance: other brands should be fine) a recent « small » Fuji (X-T30, X-E4) with grip & a stabilized zoom such as 18-55 or 16-80 WR (24-122 eq to explore) or affordable X-S10 with ibis and a bright prime (easy: on which X70 lens your pictures mainly rely on?). Variable ND filter (bigger size to avoid vignetting) for video or waterfall (caution: these cameras are not waterproof: X-T3 or T4 are).
See Maarten’s videos (always;) & Fuji statement on their best lenses for video.
So many upgrades to the image processing, sensor, options and the screen, but big downgrades in handling, dials and buttons. :(
If they just had leave the grip, rear dial and AF Mode Leaver where they are, i absolutely would had bought the cam to replace my X-E3.
I'm working on a detailed side-by-side comparison of these two.
@@MaartenHeilbron that would be very interesting!
@@marktalley2550 Early next week.
thank you for answering my query.. you are awesome
Always happy to assist, thanks for the kind words.
Hi Maarten, Can you do a Bayer vs X-Trans image comparison?
It's tempting, but no. Too many other variables crop up to make it valid, and then there's little difference - in my opinion anyway.
14:18 Thanks for including my question. Excellent video.
You bet! I appreciate your interest and kind words.
Does the 3rd party thumb rest for the XE3 fit into the XE4 hot shoe?
It should, but didn't try. The thumb rest is X-E4 specific (TR-X-E4)
Awesome review. Thanks Marteen
My pleasure! Thanks for your kind words.
One of the best review! Thank you!
Wow, thanks! Always nice to know my work is appreciated.
Was waiting for this!!!
Then we're done?
You mean we don't really need the AF switch right?
The focus settings are now enabled in the menu.
Love your TH-cam, thank you! You are master
Thanks for watching! Kind words always appreciated.
Always a pleasure.
Glad to hear, thanks for commenting.
i really love you vid! keep it up !
Thank you! Will do! I appreciate the kind words.
since the xe2 the Xe series made great photos, lens were great especially the prime, but this xe4 design is a big leap in improving the looks, looks even better with the optional grip and thumbrest.
probably buy one just for the looks
Oh, I really prefer the design of the X-E3. Comparison in progress.
@@MaartenHeilbron I agree, I’ll be keeping my X-E3, though I really like the overall form of the X-E4, I think they missed it ergonomically, by having to add the grip and thumb. Great camera though. Wish it had kept the rear dial, built in grip, and had WR. The flip screen looks great. Maybe a mid cycle X-E4 will be a WR version. One can hope!
@@marktalley2550 Hehe. I wonder if there will be another in this model line.
Did u test the Overheating by 4k 24fps 100mb ?
No, but I do not imagine it will be different than 200Mbps. Please don't consider this camera for any serious video production, you'll be upset and disappointed.
@@MaartenHeilbron May I ask why you say that? Isn't the E4 exactly the same as the S10 in terms of specifications, expect that it does not have IBIS? Is this unsuitable for casual content of 10-15 minutes as well?
@@homesavvytech They are not the same: th-cam.com/video/GTh0yR53tU8/w-d-xo.html. Maybe casual content, but not serious video production.
@@MaartenHeilbron Thanks for clarifying. I did watch your comparison video. I'm basically looking at entering into the Fuji system with the E4 and then moving on to the S10 (or T40 if that's available in a year or so). My primary requirement right now is to be able to create short videos (10-15 min) and casual stills, but I have a strong preference for a small sized camera.
@@homesavvytech In my mind, the X-S10 is the T40 - I don't think we're going to see that model (but I could be wrong). If you are creating videos, unless they are done in a single take, and only require one take, you will end up waiting for the camera to cool down. If the conditions are warm, it will be even more limited. There are small Sony models (A6100, A6500) that don't have a recording limit and are less likely to overheat. There are also some excellent small Panasonic options for video production.
Dziękujemy.
Doceniam Twoje miłe słowa i hojny wkład w moją pracę!
should i sell my EM10 for this?
Sure.
Thanks!
I'm immensely grateful for your kind words and generous contribution.
got mine yesterday :)
Excellent update, thanks for letting us know.
with focus bracketing, does it compile the final picture for you in camera? Or do you need to take your files to photoshop?...
No. Good question though, should have mentioned that.
@They Caged Non Good tip, thanks!
Thanks Maarten...
It's always my pleasure, thanks for the kind words.
subscribed ❤
appreciated!
BY THE WAY VERY NICE SHIRT SIR ...
Thanks. BTW - your caps lock key is stuck!
Very nice video. I thought I needed a X-E4. Now I do not! Ulf
Always nice to know I've provided useful information, thanks for commenting.
wow
Thanks for the kind word.
Fuji claims the the new 27mm no longer has chatter when locking AF. Are you able to confirm? See th-cam.com/video/5zUizmMwmQM/w-d-xo.html
you should have tested the eye-af in af-c, not af-s..
You are right. I should have tested both.
I really like the camera, but wish it had built in ND Filter Options. And I have, no, interest in video.
An ND filter would be very unusual for a camera with interchangeable lenses. And video (like burst, focus stacking, panorama and other features) is easily ignored.
My disappointment with the X-E4: no tethered shooting. :(
Understood. That is not its purpose.
@@MaartenHeilbron They've just added it to the X-S10 in a firmware update, and had I known that the X-E4 was crippled in this way might have caused me to have bought the S10 instead. The decision not to include it seems contrary to the Kaizen philosophy that brought me to Fuji, and makes the X-E4 much less useful as a studio backup camera -- which was the role my X-T2 had played for years.
Almost no reviewers mention this but the flip out LCD ribbon connector has to be the worst design ever offering no backplates to protect it from being torn by a stray finger. What was Fuji thinking with this lazy, ill-thought out design? Is this cost savings taken too far? I expect many casualties with damaged cables where Fuji will deny warranty claims blaming owners. Hold the camera in selfie mode and it doesn't take much to accidentally damage the cable.
An interesting observation - it does seem secure to me, but
""it also has all of the manual controls and capabilities to satisfy the most demanding creator"... that's not really true. Just compared it with XE3 or XPro2 (XE was meant to be an EVF-only XPro in the early years) or X100V. "some nice tricks like fujifilm's color profiles", well, nostalgic negative isn't given to XE4, what it has is nothing new just like the rest of fuji X, on the other hand, GFX is getting that new profile and all the better things, so really, XE4 is clearly not the one fuji put their passion into, GFX100S is. Remember it was 2012 back then XE1 was the passion. Now XE feels like a cheap hobby project.
Why all the negativity and exaggeration?
What could you possibly wish to control that the X-E4 does not provide?
How did a new film simulation, that none of us have had the opportunity to properly evaluate, possibly be so important?
@@MaartenHeilbron :) Did I make up anything? I was not saying that particular film profile is important (truth is, fuji has been using new film profiles as their selling points, most premium fuji x or gfx cams came with new profiles). I was only talking about how XE4 was obviously "simplified" in terms of physical controls (the comparison between this XE and the old ones and X100V etc.), surely the controls are somewhere in the menu, but why do you feel you can safely say that "satisfy the most demanding creator"? Plz don't assume what other people might think:)
If you feel that's exaggeration, sorry about that. I only meant to say I am one not satisfied, but I guess I am not qualified as a "creator" so who cares what I say:( I am just one of those XE users that want a XE stick to what it started years ago.
I see you really like this one:) Good for you!
@@chongleebnw The lack of a physical dial does not equate to the loss of that control. Whether you want to set exposure, focus, white balance or other settings manually, the X-E4 can accommodate. Then there are features like brackets, including focus and interval timer - I think that's sufficient to satisfy the most demanding photographer. That is what I meant.
castrated version of x t30
Stick with the X-T30, or upgrade to the X-S10.
Way too fast. I could not catch up and figure out where you are.
Sorry. I'm in Toronto. Remember that it's a review ,not a tutorial; and that TH-cam has speed controls and the ability to replay/review as many times as you need.