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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.ย. 2024
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Turns out, instead of having bats to thank for the existence of butterflies, the groups we should actually be thanking are…bees and beans.
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When talking about ancient butterflies, I can't help but mention the Kalligrammatids!
An extinct order of lacewings that convergently evolved into butterfly-like shapes during the Jurassic, long before true butterflies were a thing. Scaly wings, eyespots and all.
They were likely specialised in pollinating Bennettitales, though people aren't quite sure. Went extinct during the K-T, as usual.
They've made a video about those previously!
Biting butterflies
Lots of Mesozoic gymnospermous species were insect pollinated. Today only a few remaining species of gymnosperms are. I don’t know if specifically those lacewings pollinated gymnospermous plant species.
Interesting that true butterflies survived the K-T. Isn’t is K-Pg now?
That's so cool! Thanks for sharing.
Fun fact: the French word for "moth" translates to "night butterfly".
beautiful!
German word for Butterfly is
" Schmetterling ".....😕
Yall not gonna say the word itself?
4:10 little tiny footsteps... too cute 🥰 bees, butterflies, and moths, such cute little guys
Every single episode seriously slaps. I really appreciate the information that you all publish, especially in the fantastically casual way your videos lay out many complicated ideas. Eons is easily one of the most consistently fantastic channels on the platform!
Fr no cap
Agreed!
If the evidence exists, I'd love to see a video on the evolution of butterfly-style metamorphosis. It's always been hard for me to wrap my head around what set of evolutionary mechanisms could create that beyond the broad end-goal benefit of food availability during different life stages.
Or any kind of metamorphosis animal really. Frogs, bees, moths, you name it.
This metamorphosis is very very very old within the insects not just them
@@personzorz
I know it's not just them. I don't know the technical name for that type, but I do know that the type I'm trying to describe includes them.
@@JohnSmith-sk7cg the name for that kind of metamorphosis is called holometabolism. Wasps, ants, bees, beetles, butterflies, moths, and flies all share a common ancestor that first evolved complete metamorphosis, although I can't find much about how it first evolved.
@@parks310 Thanks! Sounds like it could use an episode haha.
Just imagining that first moth that stayed up past dawn and found a new food source.
Food, glorious food
We're anxious try it
Three banquets a day
Our favorite diet
Borrowed from the first "Ice Age" movie
@@Styphon That's actually from the second "Ice Age" movie.
@@shadowbeast9671 I thought I remembered the dodo song and dance routine over a melon, with the animals looking to feed the human baby. The movies blend together after a while.
I imagine their first reaction was their wings lighting up 🦋
Bröther i found the biggest lämp
"New food oportunities: which is my favorite tipe of oportunity". Loved it.
Fun fact....there's a moth or butterfly in Alaska that has the ability to stay in worm form and hibernate until it manages during the short warm months to consume enough food to transform into the moth or butterfly 😊
That's so cool! They are such fascinating creatures. I love getting to find out more about them all the time. Thanks for sharing.
Yep, longest living caterpillar on Earth. I think it's a couple of years.
Beans, beans, the magical fruit, the less you chemically defend yourself, the more you get butterflies
Yahhhh…..no.
As a Diné (Navajo), thank you for the Land Acknowledgement and referring to the Nemme sosoni'ihnee'e & Nuche people by their chosen names, and not just the ones attributed through colonization.
Yeah....maybe you could spell out the great contribution that
Indigenous / Native people's have
made to the World of Science..?
Take your time........why should the nasty colonizers get all the credit ?
Imagine the first moth to feel the sun's warmth!
that sounds beautiful
I'm for calling them "day moths" instead of "butterflies" from now on.
Well in French we call moths "night butterfly" so this conplements it
in japanese we just call moths ga and butterflies chou
There are diurnal moths. The Bella moth which eats Crotalaria is one, as are several of the wasp mimics.
There is also the family Hedylidae. These are nocturnal, and don't look like butterflies, but phylogenomic studies have shown that they are butterflies. On the other hand there is the family Castniidae. These are diurnal, and look very butterfly-like, being quite bright-coloured, and even having clubbed antennae. They used to be suggested to be the non-butterfly lepidopteran family closest to butterflies, and some even classified them as butterflies. However studies have shown that they are not closely related to butterflies, their similarity being due to "convergent" evolution. There are also several other groups of moths which contain species which are diurnal and brightly coloured, such as the Zygaenidae (Burnet moths), and the sub-family Arctiinae (Tiger moths, family Erebidae). I remember as a small boy seeing numbers of Cinnabar moths, and thinking they were butterflies, before a book informed me that they weren't.
moths are sometimes called the same in Danish@@Galaxia7
ive been reading this books, Otherlands, and the writer explains this genius idea of knowing how long and where butterflies and moths have existed based on fossilised leaf prints with chew prints from caterpillars! Crazy stuff.
I just want to say as an indigenous person, the small acknowledgments at the end of the videos really make me happy to see. Like obviously PBS Eons is not going to be the ones to solve the lack of recognition in how colonialism has permeated every aspect of modern life including science, but it’s a nice thing to see.
Me and my butterflies up at 3pm looking for BEANS
This was a really fascinating video. How butterflies evolved never crossed my mind but and you guys made the subject very interesting.
Yep, the history geek in me would "watch the hell out of that", too! 😁
Thank you so much for the acknowledgment card at the end. Respect is everything in a civilized world ❤
This was the most interesting episode ever for this forever butterfly lover.
Can’t get enough of Blake. He’s my favorite announcer
Blake, I have to say, reaching back to my 80's school slang, is the studliest presenter on TH-cam.
I agree!
@@elmarko9051He is looking particularly studly in this vid, it must be said. Lol
Same !
Hes getting hotter
All the eons flops were already on my watched list 😂💚 but I’ll always put it on in the background again!
Beans. Bees. Battlestar Galactica.
The guy is awesome at telling stories… jokes do make you chuckle, but feel close to death
I could listen to Blake lecture all day
I like this guy, keeps it real
Blake, your hair is heckin FABULOUS!!
Wrapping up a rainy Tuesday with a video about 🦋 🦋🦋.. Perfect timing
it is 6am where I am, where the heck do you live lol
@@StitchTheFox Southeast Asia
Timezones are fun
Have you considered doing a version of your videos in other languages? I am German and I find your content so informative and valuable, I would love for other people from my country to be able to watch your videos. But even with school English skills, scientific terms and subjects can be challenging to understand when it’s your second language. You guys would simply have to translate your existing videos with a new narrator and you could reach an entirely new audience of 130 Million German speaking people for example. It would be especially cool for kids, who can’t speak English yet. I would love to watch Eons with my kid someday!
It would likely be far more reasonable to have transcripts or subtitles in other languages, imo.
most germans cant even speak german.
It’s probably possible with Ai to translate and voice over in new languages tbh
Je mehr du schaust
desto mehr wirst du verstehen.
Ich habe grund englisch in der schule gelernt aber das "echte" englisch durch filme cartoons serien etc.
I can say as someone who has done translation work, it's not an easy task to do properly, so 'simply' is really downplaying it.
One thing that would be interesting to know more is how the butterfly colors evolved. I mean, it seems it's related to the colors of flowers but it's not clear how. Maybe some kind of camouflage?
This is what I came here to say.
I think it’s a bit more complex than just copying the colours of flowers for camouflage though because I think there are butterflies that have a pattern that resembles a big eye - presumably to intimidate potential predators.
The sheer variety of the colours and patterns is fascinating though (as well as aesthetically pleasing obviously)
Incredible man awesome video thanks
I watched the hell out of this episode. Love it
Thanks for sharing and informing us.
A Shame PBS didn't do the " _Is this a bird?_ " meme :D
Butterflies & Moths
I mean, what a title. I’m gonna watch every Eons episode ANYWAY, but SHEESH
I just love butterflies, thanks for this 🦋🦋
6:45 damn, that is a handsome bat
Thanks for another amazingly educational video
Day Moth! (uuaaah ag) Fighter of the Night Moth! (uuaaah ah)
The nightmoth cometh
I’ve said this on instagram and I’ll say it here: we need this man to be a Butterfly Indiana Jones. Nets not whips
Beans and butterfly’s! 2 of my favorite things! Amazing!
These are great show's keep them coming.
Moth could actually be a offshoot from the butterfly to escape daytime predators Like birds and bats then evolved to hunt moths. Until more focal proof comes up we will never know if butterfly evolved from moths or moths evolved from butterflies.
if that figure from the Kawahara 2023 paper at 5:40 was available as a poster, I'd buy it. That is an absolutely beautiful example of a well-done scientific figure that manages to be both data-dense and aesthetically pleasing.
At the very least I'm going to download the high-resolution figure from the paper and add it to my PC wallpaper collection.
A beautiful creature and a beautiful host
So excited for the calendar, ordered immediately!
Also, how fascinating. It makes total sense that food source is the initial point of evolutionary change. From Darwin's finches to the friendship between legumes and proto butterflies.
I was walking my dog in a park that hadn't been open to the public yet, and saw a huge swath of bright yellow butterflies up ahead on the gravel path that had just been laid recently. I had thought they were dead until I got closer then saw how they were almost dancing on the gravel. This video had a similar part that looked like the butterflies were doing the same. Another park worker was out that far in the back section and knew that they need certain minerals from particular items, especially if they have water close by. The park had 3 sections, wetlands with natural reservoir and the waterfowl, prairie, and meadow with most of the birds, flora and fauna. That last part had a river and a lot of acres of woods.
A county's Boy observation FYI, for those that may not know, the observable difference between Moths and Butterflies is Butterflies can fold their wings, Moths can not.
As a Dane and fossil hunter i know the formation were the insect fossils Come from.
But i usally find more "humble" fossils in forms of sea urchins, corals and squid.
I world really like to see a episode about ancient sea urchins and how they survived and stayed wierd
Love from Denmark
Eons never misses 💯💯💯💯
As butterflies originally evolved in the Illinois/Michigan region, I propose that all animated butterflies have the most heavy Midwestern accent possible. (Don'cha know)
My partner is a bean scientist and approves of this message.
So, I just discovered PBS Eons, and I'm psyched to start watching. I feel dumb asking this question-is Eons streaming only, or are the episodes also broadcast on PBS channels television/cable providers? It seems like they are all quick shorts covering the span of life on Earth, which is cool, but not explicit that it's streaming only. Also, do the episodes follow a biological chronology? This topic is precisely an area of (layman) interest to me, and I want to understand the context. Thanks!!
i cant answer about broadcast, but as a long-term viewer, the episodes jump back & forth through time depending on new discoveries, patreon requests &c
(I have to say I'm glad it isn't chronological or we'd not have got anywhere close to covering human evolution. they's probably still be covering the cambrian)
I believe it’s a TH-cam channel only, but there’s a podcast too.
Yeah, it's mainly a TH-cam channel. I don't think that they have the money to do television-length episodes.
Enjoy! The topics are wide-ranging but always fascinating.
@@evanrigel954 ahh.. ty. this is helpful.
@@AndrewTBP Thank you for the reply. It's streaming at least on PBS's website as well, which is partly why I am confused.
so interesting, and so entertaining, great combo.
2:03 How do you even find individual moth scale fossils? That's WILD.
3:45 🚨🚨🚨 RIBES ALERT 🚨🚨🚨 RIBES ALERT 🚨🚨🚨 RIBES ALERT 🚨🚨🚨
Day Moth! Fighter of the Night Moth! Champion if the Sun! You’re a master of karate and friendship for everyone!
Thank you
You're a master of karate and friendship. ❤️
In an Indiana Jones esque movie about butterfly evolution, what would you use as the snakes?
Very interesting topic. Greetings from Denmark.
"Nature abhors a lunch going uneaten."
Looks like butterflies are from Chicago!
Petition for butterfly’s to be renamed to “beanterflys” or maybe “butterbees”? Hmmmmmm
👇
I like butterbees
Flutter-bys.
Evolution is fascinating!
Thank you
Yes, I’m always skeptical of hypotheses that explain evolutionary steps as a response to habitat loss. Species radiate into new, accessible habitats if they can survive there. Then it will inevitably adapt to the new habitat.
A species doesn’t somehow decide to move to a new habitat or niche because its old habitat / niche is declining.
Guess we'll have to update the song:
"Cretaceous angiosperms,
Butterflies and beans,
..."
(I'll get my coat ...)
Let’s hear it for the magical fruit!
5:30 Gandalf in the basements of Gondor
I want that 'Butterfly Indiana Jones' movie too.
Seems like a lot of "we think that maybe it could have possibly happened this way".
You know, as a fan of the PBS shows, I think it's that time of the year when they run all the survey thingies. So just to be sure, PBS Eon & PBS Space Time are the best shows, and it has been for several years now. Please, PBS Executive people, prioritize where it makes a difference in quality ;)
Very cool!
I, too, would watch the heck out of a butterfly-themed Indiana Jones movie lol
I used to adore butterflies and moths. Until I started growing citrus trees. 😢
? Do they not like them?
@@oswurth8774maybe there are caterpillars that infested his/her citrus trees?
@@nunyabiznes33bingo! Big time. I tried to be pesticide free but, next season I will have no choice.
No pollinators, no oranges
If you only have a few trees you can pick them off by hand or knock them off with a hose@@stevef.8708
But what led to their extraordinary beautiful and colorful wings?
"Generally unproblematic"
..., and they developed a dichromatic eye with a very short "Blue" cone with the correct corresponding opsin so they could see into the ultraviolet, which most flowers reflect very, very brightly. Bean flowers absolutely scream in the day if you can see the ultraviolet wavelength.
I'm reading a very interesting book: "An Immense World", by Ed Yong
All this work… and the montage got overlooked 😂
I just love science so damn much
I know right!!!
This has BEAN a great video!😆😆😆😆
oh, BEE- have yourself
You wouldn't beelieve which organisms have bean the cause for butterfly evolution
While I love and understand the title, I don't think it's the best for the algorithm. Its like that meme where the older guy says "every head line about popstars sounds like this now"
so...
Bea + Be => Butt
(beans)+(butterfly) leads to Butterfly.
BeaBe Butt.
I was gonna watch a different video and then I saw pbs eons talking about butterflies lol
I wanna know more about BEANS! bean me up, science!
Very interesting.
No one suspects the butterfly. Muahahahahaaaa
Another great video. Do butterflies know they are beautiful?
At least we know they will turn into crabs at some point
They are everywhere!
Thank you PBS ✌️🩷&⚛️
The first butterfly was Mexican, and liked rice and beans 🫘🇲🇽😅
Butterfly - papillon - mariposa - schmetterling -
Who was the genius that though moths evolved into butterflies to escape bats haha... birds existed way before bats and before that there were pterosaurs and before that dragonflies and stuff which probably the main reason moths became nocturnal in the first place, to escape visual predators.
Also wouldn't escaping from bats via daytime not make sense because daytime just means you're facing birds instead? Kind of an out of the frying pan into the fire situation
I imagine adaptations to deter birds (e.g. eye spots, camouflage) are easier in an evolutionary sense than whatever may be required to deter echolocators. It's not that there was a choice to become diurnal upon new food availability, but that the pressure was always present and always pushing moths to become diurnal (and multitude other things), but there was also enough pressure in the opposite direction to keep them out. Something about the evolution of legumes just put that positive pressure at a tipping point that fringe moths could establish a diurnal breeding population.
Ya know, if you asked me to guess where butterflies originated, Chicago would not have been my guess.
But why do butterflies and moths so clearly differ in how they hold their wings when they alight? Surely the food source doesn't explain that?
While the diversification of the bean _family_ likely coincided with that of butterflies, these early “bean” plants weren't quite like the modern cultivated beans shown in the video. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is part of the “non-protein amino acid-accumulating” (NPAAA) clade, which produces mimic amino acids specifically to disrupt protein production in herbivores, which needless to say can be very dangerous for small insects.
Moths/Butterflies live for three to four weeks, as do their caterpillar stages, making a (very) average, overall lifespan of around two to perhaps three months.
Both vectors appear as fossils. We do not see both vectors being discussed simultaneously, which is odd?
I mean if bats chased butterflies into daytime, they'd just get eaten by birds...
I too owe my existence to bees and beans. (Vegan) the bees pollinate the food which is 90% beans.