MicroRNA in Hypoxic Tumors: Biomarkers for Early Cancer Detection | Bentham Science

Journal: Current Molecular Medicine
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Author(s): Pawar Jayashree, Mulye Kalpita, Talker Judith, Ahirwar Sonu Singh and Kotnis Ashwin*
Published on: 05 January, 2024
DOI: 10.2174/0115665240268661231128094831
Abstract
Hypoxia is a pathophysiological condition characterized by oxygen deficiency in tissues, which negatively affects normal biological functions. It is a typical microenvironment character of almost all solid tumours. Noncoding RNA are small functional RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at chromatin and posttranscriptional levels. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are a type of noncoding RNA and are ~12-22 nucleotides long that are crucial in regulating gene expression by partnering with the mRNAs of protein-coding genes. It is widely reported that miRs play an important role in various key processes and pathways during tumour formation, as well as advancement in hypoxic tumors by influencing the HIF pathway. The role of miRNAs in hypoxic tumours, namely in pancreatic, kidney, breast, lung and colorectal, are described. These miRNAs have immense potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for early cancer detection.
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