Future Manhattan Projects
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 ก.ค. 2024
- The Manhattan Project and Apollo Program have become symbolic of massive efforts to achieve great goals, be they awe-inspiring or terrifying. What such efforts will we see in the future?
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Credits:
Future Manhattan Projects
Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur
Episode 294, June 10, 2021
Produced, Written, and Narrated by Isaac Arthur
Editors:
Jason Burbank
Jerry Guern • Paleontology - by Jerr...
Keith Blockus
Cover Art:
Jakub Grygier www.artstation.com/jakub_grygier
Graphics:
Bryan Versteeg spacehabs.com
Katie Byrne
Kris Holland (Mafic Studios) www.maficstudios.com
Legiontech Studios
Music Courtesy of Epidemic Sound epidemicsound.com/creator - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
![[TH] VCT Pacific Stage 2 - Week 4 Day 1 // PRX vs RRQ | GE vs GEN](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/iIi2_04jGr0/mqdefault.jpg)
“Now I am become viewer, destroyer of snacks.”
:D
I see what you did there.
Lmao 🤣
really good one actually!
Drank
Weird question, but has anyone ever compiled Isaac’s list of rules of war? If not… I think I know what my summer project is going to be. I’ve got a lot of friends who are still active duty and would want that framed on the doorway.
Someone did that and posted it to the Isaac Arthur subreddit.
Edit: Here it is: www.reddit.com/r/IsaacArthur/comments/ner52g/i_made_a_spreadsheet_with_all_the_rules_of/
You could add to it Schlock Mercenary's 70(?) Maxims.
His name take on quantum mechanics interpretation was "shut up and do the math". So, a bit ironic ;)
Those aren't his rules. Those things exist in actual military. And the joke with "first rule" is that they tend to be equally important.
@@TheRezro I understand that part, even why they’re all rule #1 (they’re all rule #1 because the one you forget is the one that gets you killed). I’m actually former military myself, I just hadn’t seen them intentionally collected together before
Something you said reminded me of a joke I came up with: It's out of date now, but before we knew the physical causes behind gamma ray bursts, I would suggest the hypothesis that "That *was* a civilization attempting to invent a warp drive".
In Vonnegut's "Slaughterhouse Five", the advanced race of Tralfamadorians destroys the Universe by bringing their newly-developed FTL space engines online. Even though as a race they are gifted with seeing and experiencing the past and the future, they are somehow tragically unable to alter the course of events and prevent the end of the world.
And perhaps some of them are.
@@paulrockatansky77 the ability to experience all of something implies time is a Net 0 situation. If you and everything experience it in a uniform rate, you aren’t experiencing it. The warp drive just turned them from matter that travels through time, into energy that exists within time but was never more than what it was. You can’t break out of the universe in the same way your mind can’t break out of your body without that mind dying from not being where it was designed to exist. Hostile environments or one thing, interacting with something in a way you can’t naturally, or experience an effect you can’t mimic, is likely to just trap you within a higher level of reality where at best you aren’t experiencing a net loss, but at worst you experience nothing, or have the capacity to change anything, is better wording because experiencing an event doesn’t imply agency or the will or need to act. We could have time traveling aliens that don’t say hi, because if it was feasible to have time as a membrane capable of being interacted with in multiple ways and adapt, it would have, because the energy it takes or blur two distinct states into one Hazey one is a lot less than creating enough to break a fundamental rule of the universe. Less like getting jail time, and more like figuring out how to fly while not having any tech to do it, or the biology to make it happen, so you fly, once. You aren’t designed to move in that medium and just did, why did you expect the laws of o motion to be compatible in different universes?
I once tried to write a short story about them being caused by inter-dimensional travellers accidentally ending up in antimatter universes
(I say “tried” because it ended up being hot garbage)
R.P. Feynman’s first rule understanding & comprehension, “If I can’t explain a concept to a person sitting next to me in a bar, I don’t really understand it.”
It's possible to perfectly explain something without understanding it, just by memorizing the explanation.
@@maythesciencebewithyou - The problem with that is answering any questions after the first go around…
Conversely, I've found the best way to understand new mathematical concepts is to corner the speaker in the bar after the lecture and ask them to explain it over beers. Most mathematicians are much more willing to handwave over the pesky details and explain the intuition behind the idea in that situation. In the actual talk, they usually feel a need to make everything they say literally and precisely true, which doesn't help newcomers so much. Once you've got the basic idea from the beermat-scribbled explanation, you're in a better position to follow the details if need be.
I have a sort of similar problem but in reverse, a lot of these high concept ideas I find I can explain relatively well
Explaining the science and reasoning behind building orbital habitats and power satellites is kind of easy
But then one of my friends didn't understand what percentages were, and I just didn't know how to explain it at all
Second RF quote I've seen in the last 2 hours
If your WMD isn't big enough, you not using enough of them.
Isaac Aruther in the future probably
Rule #1 of warfare:
if brute force isnt working, you're not using enough of it
@@AridosUK I see you too are a man of culture.
Other channels : " RAID SHADOW ! "
Isaac : "Here is something that actually makes you create stuff"
Finally and sponsor that does not make me cringe.
I've seen World Anvil in few D&D related channels. Im glad it spread to larger community
Great choice of a sponsor yeah, I was actually interested in a sponsor product for once
Game sponsors are still better than most of the VPN advertisement recommended by the authors that have almost zero knowledge in IT security and just repeat blindly marketing mumbo jumbo they have got from provider ;)
I hope a future space colony gets named after Isaac Arthur, something like "The Isaac Arthur Territory" or "The Martian State of Arthur" as a colony on Mars
I second that 🫱🏽🫲🏾
Second Rule of warfare...Every rule is the first rule
The first rule of warfare is: don't start an arms race you cannot win!
Specially agaist a 6 arms post-human race.
Second rule of war is losing is good to
Actually.....no it isn't
@@tomdolan9761 🤓
Or any conflict really.
The 1st Rule of Warfare: everything is the 1st rule
Any rule that isn't first will be last rule you disobeyed.
"Turbo-Emperor we have run out heads to put on spikes!"
"THIS WILL NOT DO! Begin cloning heads to put on spikes!"
I love hearing what the next “first rule of war” is each week 🤣👌🏼
Would be fun to have a list a of all the ones he's used.
That is one of my favorite recurring jokes on this channel.
That's a good first rule, especially on this show. There is no such thing as an unarmed space ship.
To be honest, there's no such thing as an unarmed vehicle of any kind.
@@hdcampbell8981 The only difference between them all is effectiveness. We can agree a loaded dump truck will do more damage to a stone wall then a bicycle could.
@@mattstorm360 Unless the dump truck was, say, moving at a crawl, or the bicycle was, say, moving at light speed.
@@ShadowWolfTJC ah yes, speed. How could I forget.
Larry Niven first proposed this rule
A spaceships drive efficiency as a drive, is directly proportional to its efficiency as a weapon
The successor to the ISS should be something we can spin for simulated gravity. Otherwise we'll keep hearing nonsense about how humans will never be able to live in space because they can't adapt to zero gee. (Excuse me, "microgravity")
It's also the next rational development for all manner of experiments, especially exactly what level of gravity various species can feasibly adapt to.
Apparently on of the reasons for the lack of spinning sections is to experiment with microgravity so having a spinning section would just make things harder engineering-wise.
It would be possible to make a pair of spinning, counter rotating, segments connected by a stationary middle part. Researchers could live in the rotating sections and 0g experiments could be performed in the center. Unfortunately they would probably need to be remote experiments, as anything going from one section to the other would carry some rotational energy with them.
Experiments performed on the ISS have given us lots of valuable information, but some of the biologic effects we've seen could be due to microgravity, increased radiation, or both. A spinning habitat would be valuable because it would let us repeat the experiments at various levels of simulated gravity. We could then use that data to tease out what is caused by microgravity, and what is caused by increased radiation.
@@Lawofimprobability
We have thousands of labs and 7 billion lab assistants showing us how 1g works.
We have one lab and less than a dozen people showing us how 0g works. Spinning up a research station (our only research station) has some benefits, but not if its literally the only one.
I think you should consider adding a sort of summary at the end of your videos, because I feel like your videos flow very well but lack structure. Even listing the different Manhattan Projects could be useful
Isaac I am so glad that you are a fellow Ohioan, you bring great credit to our wonderful state!
Manhattan Project : Ambition = Resource Cost + Skill Commitment + Time Compression. Time is the element most overlooked in this episode.
Anyone else imagine Isaac going:
" -Hmm, what topic to pick for the summer?
...I know, a new manhattan project!"
Never stop man!
1:14 "Everything is a potential weapon."
*John Wick approved*
Please consider making a video on ''Ancient Spaceship Museums'' which would be museums or similar buildings containing very old or derelict spaceships.
Lifespan extension should be the biomedical Manhattan Project -- especially curing Alzheimer's disease.
Yes, surprised he missed that one. Life extension to give most people that "death escape velocity" seems like it should be one of the most no-brainer mega-projects... or so you'd think.
@@darthmortus5702 I like the expression, "death escape velocity."
@@deewagner4817 Sadly I can't claim it. Aubrey deGrey said it or something very similar and it stuck with me too. Extending life a little to buy time for new life extension procedures until enough time is purchased for that final solution. You should look into his work if you haven't, he is one of the few working on the problem of aging.
@@darthmortus5702 I'm 16 and I'm hoping biomedical research can extend my bodies ability to sustain function for an extra 50-100 years. That's wishful thinking, but hell, so was going to the moon.
Before I watched this channel I had no clue about all the things we actually currently possess technology to do. Like the rotovator or mass driver
Is there a list somewhere of all Isaac's "First Rule of..."?
was just thinking this
Apparently they're various adages he's heard in his military service from various superiors, sometimes multiple contradictory ones from the same superior.
@@colinsmith1495 that pretty much sums up my military experience too. Seems to be a trend.
Go up a few comments, possibly top comment, someone has left a link to Reddit
@@wnrr2696 that's awesome, thanks 👍🏼
I keep hearing your name being brought up in other YT Channels, and I'm getting super stoked that you're getting more recognition! Always love your work!
The most important point of the Manhattan Project is as expensive as it was it was basically done off the W W II budgets spare change. Developing the B-29 was as large of a project. Building the Navy, which basically replaced every ship that existed on 12/7/41, was a much bigger project.
My grandmother would show me the houses that once were her neighbors before i24 and i75 were started. They took entire houses up on flatbed trucks and moved them a few blocks away.
We also had the TVA hydro electric project which created lakes that flooded a lot of land. There are spots you can see roads that lead into and out of the lake as well as some structures underwater which can be seen from the surface.
But maybe a Manhattan project could be the building of the First Jump Gate/mass rely or wormhole. It would require the combine effect of a lot of people and would change everything afterwards.
We'd have to at least have a feasible idea of how first. At least with the Manhattan Project we had a basic understanding THAT such a bomb could work and how to make it. It was mostly about figuring out where the dividing line between sub-critical and super-critical was, and how close we could get to that before actually crossing it.
Then there was also a lot of work on timing simultaneous explosives so as to make a uniform compression event.
@@colinsmith1495 fully agree with you, I do believe when it come to the mention ftl system, that we do have a basics of how they function( lots of negative matter, negative gravity etc) we have a theoretical path to the solution just not the finer details of said solution.
@@Jdne199311 We have FAR less than the Manhattan Project did, is my point. At the moment, we don't even know if negative mass and gravity are possible, just that our mathematical equations require them if the theory is right. That's my big point.
The second point being that, according to those theories, we would need negative mass on the order of a planet in order to stabilize a wormhole. That would require orders of magnitude more energy than we can even dream of producing today.
@@Jdne199311 we don't have a theoretical path to ftl. with the a-bomb we knew that all of the relevant components existed. all current ftl "theories" revolve around technology & materials that don't exist. It's not "how do we make & initiate a critical mass of enriched uranium", it's "how do we use this made up technology/matter to do this thing that violates the most well-tested Theories in all of science(causality, entropy, relativity, etc.) & also the evidence of our own eyes(via the dyson dilemma & the lack of time travelers)."
very much not equivalent
next manhaten project animatter bomb
IMHO, ISRU will be the lynchpin technology that will allow us to truly start contemplating living in space.
I like how are there so many rules of warfare, but there are no second, third, etc rules LOL
The thing about the "fusion is always 20 years away" joke is, it's not even internally accurate. In the 1950s they thought fusion was 50 years away. In the 1990s they were still saying it was 50 years away, and somewhere along the line the joke had gotten started, saying it was "always 50 years away". (I distinctly remember hearing the joke in the '90s from my freshman physics professor (who'd been working on fusion for some decades, so he was saying it self-mockingly), and he definitely said "50".)
But then something weird happened: somewhere along the line the estimates shortened, so now in the 2020s, they're saying it's 20 years away. So: in 30 years, the estimate went from 50 years to 20 years, which belies the joke: it makes it sound like, to the contrary, after having constantly slipped for 4 decades, the estimates have remained pretty much on track for the past 3 decades.
And yet, the joke simply got updated to say 20 years, not only reflecting the current estimates but revising history to hide the progress and preserve the cynicism by claiming that the estimate was "always" 20 years. It's almost Orwellian.
ITER being in construction might be where that idea got changed. Still think its atleast 50 though and maybe 200 years of refinement, as each generation of ITER will be atleast 20-30 year saga’s and isn’t going to even be remotely as efficient as fission for a very long time.
The first time I heard the joke was "20 years" in the early 90s, but I heard "50 years" more often than 20 in that decade.
Also I'm pretty sure the 1950s were more than 30 years ago so I don't know how accurate that part of your timeline is...
The limitation on fusion research has always been the lack of funding for research reactors in order to actually do experiments on the topic. The projected timeline for fusion power changes depending the spending, but below a certain threshold fusion _never_ eventuates regardless of how long you research it.
Yeah with the new major projects like ITER and the several private startups getting into the fray now too, I'd say we're past that hump. We'll be able to break even within ten years and get commercial grade going publicly by 2040 IMO. Imagine if one of these startups pulls a SpaceX, going from brand new to actually having fully reusable rockets in less than half the time NASA spent mucking around with the Space Shuttle program. Run right past the government funded programs and advance things for everyone.
I love that Isaac Arthur sees Richard Feynman as a role model while at the same time I see Isaac Arthur as one of the few people I listen to who sounds even the tiniest bit like Richard Feynman. If you haven't listened to "Los Alamos from below" You should definitely add that to your queue right after this :)
So so so very good! Richard Feynman delivers like a comedian in that while also bringing a tear to the eye here and there.
We'd need some kind of doomsday device to initiate an implosion like that.
Doomsday device?
Ahh! Now the ball's in Farnsworth's court!
I suppose I could part with one and still be feared.
Ahh yes, I see that we have now fully and forever embraced the "first rule of warfare" meme.
I'm very happy Isaac always gives us the best content of all TH-cam :D
Agreed. But have you seen wat the math!? Timely space/tech updates from wonderful people!
Am I the only one that listens to these to fall asleep? Nice way to drift off into space and the future
Nope 😂😂 Might i also suggest jmg or event horizon. His voice helps me nap too 😂
@@adzz8012 yes! I listen to those exact same 2 channels!
@@adzz8012 Parallax Nick is another great example of this genre
@@cuddlesandkafka yesss he is. Great for the history of star gazing too.
Yet another fantastic and informative video as always Isaac and team.
Great episode. Also I'll be checking out World Anvil. Thank you.
Loved this. Got the Orbital Bombardment vid lined up, next.
I’d love to see us reverse desertification. It’d be awesome to see the Sahara turn green.
It's perfect the way it is! A beautiful baron sea of golden silicon
@@prospectorpete3738 It is beautiful, and I like it how it is myself, but I’d still like to see the project go through. The power of humanity would be awe inspiring,
It looks great, but it is a waste of land. It might be too expensive to turn it and maintain green, but maybe cover with solar panels?
@@pavel9652 I’m sure the locals would prefer to live in a garden paradise than to have almost their entire country be a solar farm. As far as planetary power sources go, I think nuclear power is far superior. A nuclear reactor can push out much more electricity than many acres of solar panels. All that needs to be done is for someone to slap a few nuclear power plants in each nation of the Sahara and sell the power to other countries. That money can then be used to teraform the desert. You have the best of both worlds there.
@@vampiricagorist6979 Probably not true, especially if they can't afford to have vegetation on the desert that makes little money in the first place ;) Having solar arrays would allow them to export energy to Europe for example. So it would be like asking would you like to have more money or vegetation? ;) There is a reason why Sahara is made of heaps of sand ;) Turn it green and it will revert to sand in a few decades max, so they would need ton of energy anyway to maintain it or rise structures.
Previous Space Stations might be considered as wood platforms on warships, and the ISS as the Langley but the next one will be the USS Ranger.
Great video as usual :)
I'm ready with my drink and snack.
Love ya work Isaac
Wow, I never thought of the idea of orbital rings touching down to the surface.
You could probably mount a mass driver on there and send cargo screaming out of the solar system.
*Now I'm interested in what Isaac's campaign settings ( worlds ) are like .*
I love you, Isaac!
World Anvil looks AMAZING!
OMG world anvil finally on SFIA!
Yesssssss!
I legit want to get into writing and I'm horribly messy in terms of collecting my thoughts
I’ve always thought about this, in a kind of dreamy best-of-all-worlds scenario. Where would we be, what would we do? I’m glad you are taking this subject on.
Feynman has to be my favorite science personality as he is the closest equivalent to the mad genius archetype found in books and movies. He used to idly pick the safes at Los Alamos when he had down time, much to the consternation of the security people. He taught himself to know the time down to the second without looking at a watch and by some accounts taught himself to follow people by scent, though I'm not sure I buy that last one. All of that on top of one of the finest scientific minds of the century.
thank - you .
Happy Arthur's day
Thank you Detective Blanc
Fusion power might be a long term Manhattan project but many of the upward bound programs could be considered Manhattan projects. Awesome video
Onwards to the future!
1st time ever without notification. But your channel is the antidote to despair, hoplessness, to pessimism. To ideas that things are limited and for one person to have something, someome else has to lose. We can have an unlimited future. Only need to solve the nagging problem of Entropy. With the kind of time that hypermathmatics deals in, we should have every chance at it. Even if like in Asimov's story its solved after the universe ends. So long as we can start again, why not.
If time travel a thing perhaps like in Starplex our distant descendants will travel back in time to the start of the universe to have more time to work on a soloution. Perhaps escaping to an artificial universe thats not entropic. ( Time Ships by Stephen Baxter, sequel to The Time Machine) That is maintainted to be infinite and eternal. Then you of course have a bigger issue to solve. What does one do when you have unlimited time and resources, with that unlimited time and resources. 😅😁
That future or a world of tyranny and dystopia? No debate needed. Thank you @Issac Arthur for the bright light of hope when things seem dark. It matters so very much to have a vision to fight for.
I'm listening to Dan Carlin's "Supernova in the East" and Shaun's "Dropping the Bomb", so I was hoping Isaac could spin this to more peaceful topics. I hope that the next large program is figuring out how to live in space
What about developing FTL as a Manhattan project?
Braking the known laws of physics sounds like a suitably morally dubious venture.
To hard need trillion dollers for ftl research
@@-Blue-_ they can take the money from welfare programs. no work, no eat
next manhaten project animatter bomb
Isaac covers this… he does not believe this is possible.
i want this guy to repeat the line in that netflix detective sequel where the the detective says "its so dumb...", and then the woman says "its so dumb its brilliant..." and the detective says "NO ITS JUST DUMB!" I think Mr Arthur could say the detective's lines very faithfully
I have a hard time imagining the ISS being anything other than an orbital museum and gift shop later in life. Nothing more, nothing less.
Amazing video as always. I am wondering, are you gonna tackle the much more immediate space projects that are running right now? Like the Lunar Gateway station NASA is planning???
Awesome
So cool!
We need a first rule of warfare tshirt with all of them collected in a list
Rain and Isaac Arthur a great morning
I feel that selfreplicating nanobots might be the future Manhattan project
next manhaten project animatter bomb
A Doomsday Device so powerful they win the Nobel Prize in Physics and the Nobel Peace Prize for not using it
Thinking the complete artificial digital biological person, should be considered. Something that medical drug research could be stimulated on.
It's the logical progression of the "Visible Human Project" and the "Human Genome Project".
You have to ask yourself though, is a simulated person a real person? If you simulate thoughts and feelings, are those thoughts and feelings making up a real person? If so, then this idea may be unethical.
@@Smerpyderp Unless you have scientifically-verifiable reasons why a digital person wouldn't be as real as a squishy this is a mute point. And no, unprovable metaphysics like qualia & philosophical zombies do not count
@@virutech32 that’s my point.
Complete digital biological person!? Sounds like word garbage.
nice Feynmann shout out, hell ya
Other comments: using big words and snacks
Me: haha it's learn about scientific explosions time
The highway reference reminds me of Hitchhikers guide to the galaxy where Earth is destroyed to make way for an interplanetary bi-pass.
Swords to Plowshares is a broken card. One white mana to remove a creature from the game AND life gain? Nutty.
This entire episode is a testament to how decentralization of power is necessary for a thriving humanity
We need a first rule of snacks.
Feynnman is one of my heroes, too!
I love the "#1 Rule of Warfare" meme lol.
15:00 The Hanford (Manhattan Cleanup) Project would like to have a word with you :)
They've been constantly saying "ooo shiny new method for vitrification of nuclear waste" for the last... 30 years? Probably more.
Love the First Rules of Warfare. You should publish them.
I thought it was from Sun Tzu, published around 500 BC.
@@JohnDlugosz Isaac's are better
You do know that if you use the free version of world anvil they claimed the rights to the materials. In short if you use it to write your novel, and it becomes a best-seller kiss your pay day goodbye,
Great Content as always, Isaac Arthur. I hope you talk about the potential existence of ''Universal Empires'' and ''Multiversal Sovereign States'' one day :-)
Snacks and Issac perfect day 😃
You won by like 1 second 😅
Yes, initially in a big project, you may have to pick one methodology, or several, in the case of the Manhattan Project, in which we developed a uranium path and a plutonium path to nuclear fission and both were successful. In the middle of that project, we threw as many resources as we could at it and didn’t consider which was more cost efficient. The goal was paramount and we figured out which was cheaper and easier to do later.
So I disagree about committing to a method “because you’re already invested.” You invest for the future based on the information you have at the time, all prior investments in the past be damned.
Futurism means
Building the 1st Era of Abundance, today.
Not the long term aspirations episode, what can we do right now?
1) ubiquitous Small Reactors, including MSRs, LFTRs, etc. Can end energy scarcity & help end economic disparities & migration. Secure power grid by making it all locally. Cook down historic nuclear waste in Thorium catalyst reactors.
With energy abundance we can power all of those electric cars mandated in some locations...
And on top of that:
2) Desalination can create global human water abundance. Return aquifers and rivers/lakes to natural states while providing for humans to live anywhere due to pipelines
3) urban/vertical/hydroponic greenhousing, with lamps, can expand the human food supply with less transportation cost. Growing a larger food supply locally can securely feed our growing cities and end hunger issues/disparities.
None of these are true Manhattan projects, but if they got that kind of funding we could solve scarcity within a generation.
THAT would be the Manhatten grade project.
#SolutionOriented #SFIA
@IssacArthur
Issac, I envision A group of people in a basement somewhere building a Super AI or crack quantum computing or something like that as a sort of small but entirely impactful Manhattan project
ISAAC, I have some Death Ray questions, just about the basic Physics. How is a ship just sitting there in space (geostationary orbit) as an energy weapon is discharging from it? Wouldn't the force of the ray need to be countered by an equal and opposite force being blown out their back ends, to prevent them from shooting themselves out into space, with the ray acting like a form of propulsion, similar to how you described using lasers to push interstellar vessels? Unless a missile was dropped before being lit, just shooting out ordinary ballistic ordinance would need to be countered, with every missile fired from within a vessel acting in effect as a booster rocket. But beam tech is specifically vessel- or satellite-based. Strafing on the fly, like in the movies and t.v., having aimable beam weapons on individual fighter space planes, would also be incredibly difficult, as every firing would need to be countered in the opposite direction of the beam's aim, otherwise they would be pushing and twisting the ship all over the place.
I love the 1sr rule of warfare joke
It looks there is a lot of effort in making these animations.
The first rule of warfare is that the first rule of warfare is defined at the mercy of Isaac Arthur
I think the most salient features of the Manhattan project were that it was funded by the government and that it was trying to build a technology they weren't certain was possible.
So ITER would be ther perfect example under those conditions.
We SFIA fans should compile a list of the first rule of warfare.
Imagine a Manhattan project to build super advanced A.I to counter Alien invasion which we heard coming from one of their renegaded party.
11:35 And ambitious people can look at this as an opportunity to boost their own power and abilities or decrease those of their masters or peer enemies.
Just in time to finish up Dan Carlin's Hardcore History Supernova in the East series.
The Roman road network was built so that Roman Legions could be efficiently shifted from one part of their empire to the next.
The low hanging fruit, on any new Manhattan Projects. Are like the seeds on a great redwood tree.
If unstable people would stop drilling holes into the ISS just so they could go home its usability would be greatly appreciated. Better psychological screening is a key element to space exploration.
um wat
US military focus on ballistic missiles also kept us from re-usable cheaper space flight for decades.
Fix those blinking lights. Make them blink sequentially!
15:34 which sci-fi settings or 4x video games have different FTL methods?
We could have a Manhattan Project to build artificial general intelligence and then another one to build superweapons in the War against the Machines. And then another one to clean up all the damage done by the superweapons.
The clawback, Faro Swarm, Project zero dawn comes to mind.
next manhaten project animatter bomb