I hit the suscribe button when you said you composed the music! Fellos musician and developer here. Thank you for making this incredible video 🙏 Music stood out from the first second I love it so much, would be perfect for a bank heist type of movie too, lol!
This is one of the best videos on WordPress theme dev across TH-cam. You make it look so easy. There were a couple of places where I had to stall because even though your video is only 5 months old, WordPress had already made changes to how the site editor looks, but overall, I'm so glad that you showed me how uncomplicated it is. Thank you 😊
Whichever way things change, and they will change, it’s always good to keep up with the times. There will be frustrations along the way for sure. Since I’ve started exploring the block themes, having hated blocks for a long time myself, I’m starting to see how this may be a game changer. I’ve already started shifting away from the page builders and was so keen to find out how the new block themes work. As a dev, I think it’s always good to familiarise with the architecture behind whatever stack you’re building on. I’ve followed a couple channels now and have to say thank you for shading light to this topic. My goal is to eliminate the use of third party plugins as much as possible and develop themes that I truly understand and have control of.
I am quite sure I have never seen someone so good at explaining complex stuff. Although I will never create my own Themes, just watching this video did in fact give me a TON of foundational knowledge to help me understand Block Themes and the Block Theme editor in general. You are VERY good at what you do! 👍👍👍
Very well explained, thank you! I've been doing WordPress for almost two decades and am one of those anti-JS/Gutenberg skeptics, but this is likely one of the best visual explanations on block theme dev I've seen.
Thank you so much Konstantin! Really appreciate your feedback, especially coming from someone with your depth of experience in WordPress. It means a lot, considering our shared history in this space. I'm glad the visual explanation resonated with you, even as an anti-JS/Gutenberg skeptic, I was also one :) Here's to two decades of WordPress and many more to come!
This must be one of the best explained tutorial I've ever watched, precise, short and 0 boredom, well done. Thank you so much, looking forward to your next videos.
Wow, thanks for the feedback! Delighted to hear that you found the tutorial clear and engaging, means a lot to me. Stay tuned for more videos, and feel free to suggest any topics you'd like to see covered. Thanks again for your support
Elliott - many thanks!!! i am just overwhelmed, you're indeed a blessing to the whole WordPress-community! : ❤ 😊👍 👏👏💥 🎆💥🎆 plz keep up your great work we love you... ;)
Great tutorial. Super clean explanation. I highly suggest to viewers to read the documentation and then watch the video again. It makes a lot more sense.
Love this. I would love to see each section as individual videos with a more slower walkthrough. I’m new to all of this so maybe it’s my understanding level but for a total beginner I still found it extremely useful. The best I’ve seen. You’ve a new subscriber.
Great video mate. One suggestion re: sound - the music is a lot louder than the voice which makes it a bit hard to listen to. Using a compressor plugin on the audio track in your video editor would improve that a lot.
Thank you, @richtabor! I genuinely appreciate your feedback. Your support and encouragement mean a lot to me. It's truly motivating to receive such positive comments from someone I've admired for long time. Thanks again for taking the time to share your thoughts!
This video was extremely helpful. I come from a non-wordpress dev background, and understanding how to set this stuff up, the database overriding my theme, etc has been a real challenge.
Thank you so much for your kind words 🙏 I'm thrilled to hear that you found the tutorial helpful. I'll definitely be working on creating more content like this 👍 And if you think your fellow developers could benefit from it, feel free to share it with them 🚀 Thanks again 🙌
Thank you for your feedback; I genuinely appreciate it 🙏 I'm glad you found it useful. Please stay tuned for more updates, and if you think it could benefit your fellow developers, I would be grateful if you shared it with them 🙌
This seems really great so far, looks like great knowledge and presentation coming. I wanted to mention that the music kicks in kind if loud here in my office setup.. I turn up the speakers (logitech 2.1 / 3 piece ) to hear the voice.. then the transition music comes in and it's super loud for just a moment.. (by the time I reach for the volume control it's over) then I struggle to hear the voice.. this happening again at 4:21-ish makes me stop the video, make a comment, and consider if I can find a compressor / limiter for windows 11, if I should switch to headphones or if I should go start a comment thread about how youtube could use AI to allow us to balance the audio and strip music bumps or increase the spoken words to make the levels so I can hear and then turn the whole speaker system down.
Noted @user-mz4bs3pp4e, although there is a limiter on the narrative I probably forgot on the music channel, and its not the first comment like this so I will keep an ear out for future video's - thank you for the feedback
Hey, thanks for reaching out, you can find the script in one of my gists on github, you will need to change some of the parameters to match your local setup but hopefully this should help get you started: gist.github.com/eirichmond/10cf1861e38d56d83df9d5c895c08769
Great and clear video, thank you. However, since you specifically mention how you enjoy the editing, might I suggest something that honestly made me not want to watch it? The different transitions in your video were quite inconsistent. I was watching/listening to this with headphones. Every time a transition played the volume shoots up so hard that I had to take of my headset. Perhaps this is something you could consider tweaking for your future videos?
Hey, bro! Great content! Could you create an in-depth tutorial on WordPress speed optimization? I'm eager to learn how to achieve a 90%+ Google Page Speed score and pass Core Web Vitals without solely relying on plugins. Thanks a bunch!
Ah interesting question, have you tried building a block theme without any plugins and running it through CWV? I think you’ll be pleasantly surprised 😊 I know that’s not always possible but adding any plugins or any custom work will always have the potential of injecting overhead, keeping plugins to a minimum and building a block theme will all help towards getting a good score in CWV 👍
I find it very confusing to use small, medium, and so on when we are in reality talking about which type of header size it is. I'm used to that H1 is the largest, H2 the second largest, and so on. But it seems you can set any header size and then change the font size in Wordpress. Does this mean we are overwriting the previous setting for H1, or what is the correlation between header size and font size?
It can definitely get confusing, but it's helpful to think of heading (H) sizes as indicators of content hierarchy, with their primary importance now being in semantic structure, SEO, accessibility, and content organisation. HTML was originally defined before the advent of CSS, and with CSS, you can technically achieve what WordPress is doing but in a more manual way. You can set all h tags to the same size or have them increase incrementally (e.g., h1, h2, h3, h4, etc.). Then, you can add additional classes to these h1, h2, h3, etc., to override whatever the base level is set to. Essentially, the WordPress Gutenberg (and the settings you change in the UI) is applying the same principle. eg: h1 { font-size: 2.5em; } h2 { font-size: 2em; } .small { font-size: 1.2em; } .medium { font-size: 1.5em; } .large { font-size: 3em; } This is a small heading This is a medium heading This is a large heading
How can we implement license check functionality (check whether the user has genuinely purchased the theme) and update notification feature (notify users a new theme update is available) ? Kindly make a video on this topic as well
You can use Easy Digital Downloads with the Software Licensing add on, that will do what you need 👍 Unfortuently because it's a licenced addon I don't think I can create a video on that specifically topic but for EDD for sure I can.
Very useful video, thanks a lot for it. If you allow me a slight criticism, maybe I just overlooked or missed it but initially it wasn't clear to me how did you get the header/footer template parts into the index.html template file. I read in a tutorial that the wp:template-part markup would be used for this, is that the correct way? Thanks
Yes that is correct, sorry to hear it wasn't clear, I tend to build in the editor without saving the templates and instead go the > Code Editor > then copy out the code and paste it in to the template files in my /wp-content/themes/mytheme - folder, in the index.html file the are top and bottom as follows; &
There's one thing I can't seem to do. I can't adjust my page width and content width for different devices. Example; on a desktop, I want the content width to be 70% with the site width to be 85%. On a mobile phone, I want the content width to be 90% and the site width 100%. This doesn't seem to work when using blocks, only when using a classic theme. How do it get around this?
Without the intervention of code, you can’t set different parameters for different devices, there are some PHP hooks you can use to achieve this, how comfortable are you using core action hooks and filters in the functions.php file?
Yeah the nature of blocks means you can load more performant css, meaning.. if you don’t use the block then you shouldn’t load the css so i guess that’s the reason why core have decided if you need to extend blocks with css you need to use action hook to load css specifically for core blocks… if that makes sense.
Good question! If you want to restrict what users can do, there are several ways to achieve this, either through code, by configuring user roles, or using a plugin. In your scenario, you can assign your user the 'Author' role, which is limited to adding posts. To further customize the 'Author' role, you can install the User Role Editor plugin wordpress.org/plugins/user-role-editor/. This plugin allows you to manage the 'Author' role's capabilities, such as enabling certain 'Pages' capabilities like edit_pages, edit_private_pages, edit_published_pages, and publish_pages. What you choose to open up or restrict will be up to you. Hope this helps.
Hi Elliot, i've got another question. How do I use a different template for my blog archive page? I notice in the templates there's a Blog Alternative template, but I wanted to make my own one using Gutenverse. I don't know how to get Wordpress to use it. I tried making a page, then a template just how I want it to look, but WordPress defaults to the original template. HELP!!!
Hey @Sonya_Makepeace thats a good question, ensure your theme doesn't have a home.html template in the /wp-content/theme/xxx folder, this will always override your blog index, also ensure you have the pages setup and under Dashboard > Settings > Reading >Your homepage display is set to "A static page" and your Homepage and Posts page are set to you choosen pages - hope that helps 👍
While that may not be possible, you can still use custom fields and the Block Bindings API in HTML templates. Check out my video on the Block Bindings API for more details 👇 th-cam.com/video/8fvfMMfw-TM/w-d-xo.htmlsi=h4Wtq_Ze9jiUFyIZ
Yo aaaaay! I must've missed the part where you tell us where to find ALL the entries for the theme.json file. If it isn't one thing, it's another, regardless of the video. When Charleston Heston screamed out in the Planet of the Apes, do you remember what he said.... what is "It's a BLOODY FAAAAAAAAFF!!!!!".
Awesome! I can see myself coming back to this video again and again until I have got my head around block themes.
Oh, that’s awesome to hear! If there’s anything else I can help with, just shout-I’d love to take requests 👍
Best Wordpress Block Theme tutorial on the internet. Thanks a lot
Thanks for your kind words, you are most welcome 🙏
I hit the suscribe button when you said you composed the music! Fellos musician and developer here.
Thank you for making this incredible video 🙏
Music stood out from the first second I love it so much, would be perfect for a bank heist type of movie too, lol!
Haha! Love your comment, thank you so much 👍
This is the best Wordpress block theme tutorial i’ve seen, thanks bro! :D
You're welcome!
This is one of the best videos on WordPress theme dev across TH-cam. You make it look so easy. There were a couple of places where I had to stall because even though your video is only 5 months old, WordPress had already made changes to how the site editor looks, but overall, I'm so glad that you showed me how uncomplicated it is. Thank you 😊
Yeah, I could probably update this video, things are moving so quickly with core but hopefully the fundamentals still come across 🤞
@@elliottrichmondwpdon't update this video, I still like it, and you do a great job at explaining. I need you to make more WordPress videos!!! 😊😊
Kind words, thank you 🙏
Whichever way things change, and they will change, it’s always good to keep up with the times. There will be frustrations along the way for sure.
Since I’ve started exploring the block themes, having hated blocks for a long time myself, I’m starting to see how this may be a game changer. I’ve already started shifting away from the page builders and was so keen to find out how the new block themes work. As a dev, I think it’s always good to familiarise with the architecture behind whatever stack you’re building on.
I’ve followed a couple channels now and have to say thank you for shading light to this topic. My goal is to eliminate the use of third party plugins as much as possible and develop themes that I truly understand and have control of.
I am quite sure I have never seen someone so good at explaining complex stuff. Although I will never create my own Themes, just watching this video did in fact give me a TON of foundational knowledge to help me understand Block Themes and the Block Theme editor in general. You are VERY good at what you do! 👍👍👍
Your kind words mean a lot, and I genuinely appreciate the feedback. Thank you so much for taking the time to share your thoughts 👍
Very well explained, thank you! I've been doing WordPress for almost two decades and am one of those anti-JS/Gutenberg skeptics, but this is likely one of the best visual explanations on block theme dev I've seen.
Thank you so much Konstantin! Really appreciate your feedback, especially coming from someone with your depth of experience in WordPress. It means a lot, considering our shared history in this space. I'm glad the visual explanation resonated with you, even as an anti-JS/Gutenberg skeptic, I was also one :) Here's to two decades of WordPress and many more to come!
This must be one of the best explained tutorial I've ever watched, precise, short and 0 boredom, well done.
Thank you so much, looking forward to your next videos.
Wow, thanks for the feedback! Delighted to hear that you found the tutorial clear and engaging, means a lot to me. Stay tuned for more videos, and feel free to suggest any topics you'd like to see covered. Thanks again for your support
Elliott - many thanks!!! i am just overwhelmed, you're indeed a blessing to the whole WordPress-community! : ❤ 😊👍 👏👏💥 🎆💥🎆 plz keep up your great work we love you... ;)
Wow! I am truly humbled by the feedback 👍🙌 You're so welcome! And thank you 🙏
Great tutorial. Super clean explanation. I highly suggest to viewers to read the documentation and then watch the video again. It makes a lot more sense.
Appreciat the comment, thanks for that 🙏
Very well explained. Thank you for taking the time to create this one Elliott!
My pleasure! And thank you for the positive feedback, much appreciated 🙏
i'm a wordpress dev and i love your contents, you got a new follower buddy
Love this. I would love to see each section as individual videos with a more slower walkthrough. I’m new to all of this so maybe it’s my understanding level but for a total beginner I still found it extremely useful. The best I’ve seen. You’ve a new subscriber.
Great idea! Noted 👍 and thanks for your feedback 🙏
Great video and editing!
Would definitely like to see more quality content on wordpress development which is rare to find.
I appreciate you efforts 👌🏾
You got it! Thanks for the feedback 🙏
Great video mate. One suggestion re: sound - the music is a lot louder than the voice which makes it a bit hard to listen to. Using a compressor plugin on the audio track in your video editor would improve that a lot.
Thanks for the advice, I did have eq & compression on post production but I don't think I had the balance right so as always, still learning :)
Thank you for your tutorial. You help me see the possibility of working with Block themes. You are now having me as the follower ^_^
Thank you 🙏
such an ugly dev experience. Its about time to put wp in trash and head for laravel and vuejs. Great tutorial though.
Yes bro.The code syntax of Laravel and Vue.js❤❤❤
SOLID. Really gets into the technicalities of block theme development. Good stuff.
Thank you, @richtabor! I genuinely appreciate your feedback. Your support and encouragement mean a lot to me. It's truly motivating to receive such positive comments from someone I've admired for long time. Thanks again for taking the time to share your thoughts!
This video was extremely helpful. I come from a non-wordpress dev background, and understanding how to set this stuff up, the database overriding my theme, etc has been a real challenge.
Great feedback, thank you and I'm glad you've found this useful :)
Great work Elliot 👍
Legend! Thanks Jamie 🙌
Thank you Sir. This is really useful content with amazing step by step explanation.
My pleasure and thank you for the positive feedback 🙏
Great video and very helpful. I would love more detailed video instructions like this
Awesome tutorial. Very helpful. Please create more videos like this. Thanks a lot.
Thank you so much for your kind words 🙏 I'm thrilled to hear that you found the tutorial helpful. I'll definitely be working on creating more content like this 👍 And if you think your fellow developers could benefit from it, feel free to share it with them 🚀 Thanks again 🙌
Thank you, Elliott, for this wonderful resource. Instantly subscribed your channel.
Awesome, thank you! Hope I don’t disappoint 🤞🙌👍
Can’t believe you’ve less than 500 subscribers.
This stuff is on par with million Subscribers level youtube channel.
Thanks @LileshJadav - I only really started my YT in June last year :)
@@elliottrichmondwp hope that you will not discontinue. Wish you the best !
What an excellent resource, subscribed!
Thank you 🙏
Thank you for sharing! Very well explained and super useful!
Thank you for your feedback; I genuinely appreciate it 🙏
I'm glad you found it useful. Please stay tuned for more updates, and if you think it could benefit your fellow developers, I would be grateful if you shared it with them 🙌
Great 👍 thanks 🙏
Welcome 👍 ...out of interest what parts were most useful to you?
Great video!! A fellow Reason user nice!!!
Hey, thanks! I really appreciate the feedback 🙏
Fantastic video and love the music!
Thank you 🙏
This seems really great so far, looks like great knowledge and presentation coming. I wanted to mention that the music kicks in kind if loud here in my office setup.. I turn up the speakers (logitech 2.1 / 3 piece ) to hear the voice.. then the transition music comes in and it's super loud for just a moment.. (by the time I reach for the volume control it's over) then I struggle to hear the voice.. this happening again at 4:21-ish makes me stop the video, make a comment, and consider if I can find a compressor / limiter for windows 11, if I should switch to headphones or if I should go start a comment thread about how youtube could use AI to allow us to balance the audio and strip music bumps or increase the spoken words to make the levels so I can hear and then turn the whole speaker system down.
Noted @user-mz4bs3pp4e, although there is a limiter on the narrative I probably forgot on the music channel, and its not the first comment like this so I will keep an ear out for future video's - thank you for the feedback
Great video, really useful, thanks Elliott
Glad you enjoyed it pal 🙏
Great content, thanks Elliott.
Thanks for the feedback and the subscribe 👍
Thanks for your fantastic content. Could you share the two sh scripts you used at the beginning?
Hey, thanks for reaching out, you can find the script in one of my gists on github, you will need to change some of the parameters to match your local setup but hopefully this should help get you started: gist.github.com/eirichmond/10cf1861e38d56d83df9d5c895c08769
Very well explained!
Thanks @dmitrymayorov9174 I appreciate the feedback
Great and clear video, thank you. However, since you specifically mention how you enjoy the editing, might I suggest something that honestly made me not want to watch it? The different transitions in your video were quite inconsistent. I was watching/listening to this with headphones. Every time a transition played the volume shoots up so hard that I had to take of my headset. Perhaps this is something you could consider tweaking for your future videos?
Oh that’s great feedback thank you so much, I’m so new to editing so this is constructive, I’ll definitely review my levels 👍
great explanation, next wothout music
Noted! Thanks for the feedback :)
Hey, bro! Great content! Could you create an in-depth tutorial on WordPress speed optimization? I'm eager to learn how to achieve a 90%+ Google Page Speed score and pass Core Web Vitals without solely relying on plugins. Thanks a bunch!
Ah interesting question, have you tried building a block theme without any plugins and running it through CWV? I think you’ll be pleasantly surprised 😊 I know that’s not always possible but adding any plugins or any custom work will always have the potential of injecting overhead, keeping plugins to a minimum and building a block theme will all help towards getting a good score in CWV 👍
Thanks, amazing tutorial !!!
You're welcome & thanks! I really appreciate the feedback 🙏
I find it very confusing to use small, medium, and so on when we are in reality talking about which type of header size it is. I'm used to that H1 is the largest, H2 the second largest, and so on. But it seems you can set any header size and then change the font size in Wordpress. Does this mean we are overwriting the previous setting for H1, or what is the correlation between header size and font size?
It can definitely get confusing, but it's helpful to think of heading (H) sizes as indicators of content hierarchy, with their primary importance now being in semantic structure, SEO, accessibility, and content organisation. HTML was originally defined before the advent of CSS, and with CSS, you can technically achieve what WordPress is doing but in a more manual way. You can set all h tags to the same size or have them increase incrementally (e.g., h1, h2, h3, h4, etc.). Then, you can add additional classes to these h1, h2, h3, etc., to override whatever the base level is set to. Essentially, the WordPress Gutenberg (and the settings you change in the UI) is applying the same principle. eg:
h1 {
font-size: 2.5em;
}
h2 {
font-size: 2em;
}
.small {
font-size: 1.2em;
}
.medium {
font-size: 1.5em;
}
.large {
font-size: 3em;
}
This is a small heading
This is a medium heading
This is a large heading
Great tutorial ❤ thank you
You’re welcome 😇
How can we implement license check functionality (check whether the user has genuinely purchased the theme) and update notification feature (notify users a new theme update is available) ? Kindly make a video on this topic as well
You can use Easy Digital Downloads with the Software Licensing add on, that will do what you need 👍 Unfortuently because it's a licenced addon I don't think I can create a video on that specifically topic but for EDD for sure I can.
great content, thanks!
Glad you liked it!
niceee, was looking for this.!
Glad I could help
@@elliottrichmondwpare you gonna make part 2 ? 😂
@ddrci88 what would you like to see in part 2?
@@ddrci88 for sure, what would you like to see in part 2?
@@elliottrichmondwp I think its much advance to do eCommerce store ( using Woo ) to doing block themes? This can teach us very well i belive.
I am really tired of classic themes this video is awesome.
Thank you 🙏
Your most welcome mate and you deserve more recognition BTW great job.@@elliottrichmondwp
Great video loved the content; I did find the music a bit loud and irritating at times as it broke my concentration. but thanks anyway.
Noted! Thanks for the feedback :)
Very useful video, thanks a lot for it. If you allow me a slight criticism, maybe I just overlooked or missed it but initially it wasn't clear to me how did you get the header/footer template parts into the index.html template file. I read in a tutorial that the wp:template-part markup would be used for this, is that the correct way? Thanks
Yes that is correct, sorry to hear it wasn't clear, I tend to build in the editor without saving the templates and instead go the > Code Editor > then copy out the code and paste it in to the template files in my /wp-content/themes/mytheme - folder, in the index.html file the are top and bottom as follows;
&
Really good work! =DDD
Thanks for the feedback, much appreciated 👍
Great Video
Thanks you :)
Thank you so much
You're most welcome
There's one thing I can't seem to do. I can't adjust my page width and content width for different devices. Example; on a desktop, I want the content width to be 70% with the site width to be 85%. On a mobile phone, I want the content width to be 90% and the site width 100%. This doesn't seem to work when using blocks, only when using a classic theme. How do it get around this?
Without the intervention of code, you can’t set different parameters for different devices, there are some PHP hooks you can use to achieve this, how comfortable are you using core action hooks and filters in the functions.php file?
@@elliottrichmondwp I've dabled with the funtions file, but I'm more used to writing media queries in css,
Yeah the nature of blocks means you can load more performant css, meaning.. if you don’t use the block then you shouldn’t load the css so i guess that’s the reason why core have decided if you need to extend blocks with css you need to use action hook to load css specifically for core blocks… if that makes sense.
Can I build it in such a way that my client is able to change only the text and images in some of the pages? Is there any plugin that is required?
Good question! If you want to restrict what users can do, there are several ways to achieve this, either through code, by configuring user roles, or using a plugin. In your scenario, you can assign your user the 'Author' role, which is limited to adding posts. To further customize the 'Author' role, you can install the User Role Editor plugin wordpress.org/plugins/user-role-editor/.
This plugin allows you to manage the 'Author' role's capabilities, such as enabling certain 'Pages' capabilities like edit_pages, edit_private_pages, edit_published_pages, and publish_pages. What you choose to open up or restrict will be up to you. Hope this helps.
@@elliottrichmondwp Hey thanks a lot!!! This is probably the lead I have been looking for for months.
♥
I wish the new way to add fonts didn't add it to your uploads folder and still stuck it in your assets folder.
I believe if you use the Create Block Theme plugin it does exactly that no?
Hi Elliot, i've got another question. How do I use a different template for my blog archive page? I notice in the templates there's a Blog Alternative template, but I wanted to make my own one using Gutenverse. I don't know how to get Wordpress to use it. I tried making a page, then a template just how I want it to look, but WordPress defaults to the original template. HELP!!!
Hey @Sonya_Makepeace thats a good question, ensure your theme doesn't have a home.html template in the /wp-content/theme/xxx folder, this will always override your blog index, also ensure you have the pages setup and under Dashboard > Settings > Reading >Your homepage display is set to "A static page" and your Homepage and Posts page are set to you choosen pages - hope that helps 👍
@@elliottrichmondwp Thanks Elliot, I will give that a go and report back. xxx
@@elliottrichmondwp Elliot - you are a star! That worked! I've spent countless hours trying to sort this.
@@Sonya_Makepeace awesome! Glad I could help :)
this is all good but how can i add acf code in template now that its .html?
While that may not be possible, you can still use custom fields and the Block Bindings API in HTML templates. Check out my video on the Block Bindings API for more details 👇
th-cam.com/video/8fvfMMfw-TM/w-d-xo.htmlsi=h4Wtq_Ze9jiUFyIZ
@@elliottrichmondwp thank you so much. checking now.
Yo aaaaay!
I must've missed the part where you tell us where to find ALL the entries for the theme.json file.
If it isn't one thing, it's another, regardless of the video. When Charleston Heston screamed out in the Planet of the Apes, do you remember what he said.... what is "It's a BLOODY FAAAAAAAAFF!!!!!".
You’ll find all the examples you need under /wp-incudes/theme.json
Nice presentation, but can I say, the music became annoying.
Sorry to hear that, it must be the musician in me, I just can’t resist 😋 was it the levels or did you just find it distracting?
@@elliottrichmondwp Yes it was too loud, I found myself having to keep adjusting the volme.