*NOTES* *Simple DC Motor* - *Principle* : Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy; operates on the principle of passing electric current through a conductor in a magnetic field. - *Construction* : 1. *Armature Coil (ABCD)* : Wound around a soft iron core, free to rotate. 2. *Split Ring Commutator (S₁, S₂)* : Divided copper ring to reverse current direction. 3. *Brushes (B₁, B₂)* : Carbon/copper, in contact with split ring. 4. *Horse-Shoe Electromagnet (NS)* : Creates a magnetic field. 5. *DC Source (Battery)* : Provides electric current. - *Working* : - Current flows through the coil in the magnetic field, creating a force based on Fleming's left hand rule. - Rotation begins due to the equal and opposite forces on the coil arms. - Split ring commutator reverses current direction when the coil reaches the vertical position, ensuring continuous rotation. - Mechanical energy is produced as the coil rotates. - *Ways of Increasing Rotation Speed* : - Increase current strength. - Increase the number of turns in the coil. - Increase the coil area. - Increase the strength of the magnetic field (using a soft iron core). - *Function of Split Ring Commutator* : - Reverses the direction of current in the coil. - Ensures continuous rotation in the same direction. - Critical for maintaining the rotating couple during the coil's movement. - *Transformation of Energy* : - Electrical energy from the battery transforms into mechanical energy, driving the rotation of the coil. _Note: Inserting a soft iron core enhances the magnetic field's strength and maintains a constant couple during rotation._ *A.C. GENERATOR* - Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. - Main parts: Horse-shoe electromagnet (NS), armature coil (ABCD), slip rings (S₁, S₂), and brushes (B₁, B₂). - Working: Coil rotates in a magnetic field, inducing alternating e.m.f. and generating alternating current (a.c.). - Frequency of a.c.: Depends on the frequency of coil rotation; in houses, typically 50 Hz. *DISTINCTION BETWEEN D.C. AND A.C.* *Direct current (d.c.)* 1. Constant magnitude. 2. Flows in one direction. 3. Obtained from a cell or battery. *Alternating current (a.c.)* 1. Magnitude varies periodically. 2. Reverses direction periodically. 3. Obtained from a.c. generator or mains. *Advantage of a.c. over d.c.* - Cheaper to generate, higher efficiency, easy conversion, voltage adjustment with transformers, efficient long-distance transmission. *DISTINCTION BETWEEN AN A.C. GENERATOR AND D.C. MOTOR* *A.C. generator* 1. Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. 2. Works on electromagnetic induction. 3. Rotating coil induces a.c. 4. Uses two separate slip rings. *D.C. motor* 1. Converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. 2. Works on the force on a current-carrying conductor. 3. Current flows in the coil, causing rotation. 4. Uses split rings as a commutator. *Similarities between A.C. generator and D.C. motor* - Both involve a rotating coil in a magnetic field, transforming energy from one form to another. *TRANSFORMER* - *Purpose:* Changes magnitude of alternating e.m.f. - *Principle:* Based on electromagnetic induction with two coils (primary and secondary). - *Construction:* Core of laminated soft iron, primary and secondary coils, turns ratio denoted by *n*. - *Working:* Varying current in primary induces varying magnetic field, leading to e.m.f. in secondary. - *Ideal Transformer:* Output power equals input power. - *Types:* 1. *Step-Up Transformer:* Increases voltage (Es > Ep), more turns in secondary coil. 2. *Step-Down Transformer:* Decreases voltage (Es < Ep), fewer turns in secondary coil. - *Uses:* - *Step-Up:* Power transmission, television, wireless sets, X-ray machines. - *Step-Down:* Electric bells, bulbs, mobile phones, computers. *DISTINCTION BETWEEN TRANSFORMER TYPES* *Step-Up Transformer* 1. Increases voltage, decreases current (Es > Ep, Is < Ip). 2. Turns ratio (Ns/Np) > 1, more turns in secondary. 3. Thicker wire in primary coil. *_Uses:_*_ Power generation, X-ray machines._ *Step-Down Transformer* 1. Decreases voltage, increases current (Es < Ep, Is > Ip). 2. Turns ratio (Ns/Np) < 1, fewer turns in secondary. 3. Thicker wire in secondary coil. *_Uses:_*_ Power substations, bulbs, computers, electric bells._
@@Adrishya_295 sab ke sab ek bar me nhi kiya tha... sab se pehle d.c. motro fir a.c. motor aur fir transformer kiya tha.. to kitna time laga tha ye to yaad nhi per approx 1 - 2 hrs maan lo
Sir u are like gold ...hard to find but very precious ...u explain the concepts so well that I was unable to understand the topics from a long time but now it is all clear
Hello Sir !! Sir flemming's left hand rule mein direction of current agr downwards hain toh central finger humade taraf hona chahiye aur direction of current agar upwards hain to away from us hona chahiye kya ?? Kindly reply,sir.
Ji, aapka description sahi hai. Fleming's left-hand rule mein, agar aapke left hand ka central finger downward direction ko represent kar raha hai (yani magnetic field ka direction), toh agar forefinger current ki direction ko indicate kar raha hai, toh vo aapke taraf (towards you) hona chahiye agar current upward ja raha hai. Similarly, agar current downward hai, toh forefinger door (away from you) hona chahiye. Ye rule electromagnetic induction ya force ke direction ko determine karne me use hota hai.
I am having a doubt Sir When the armature moves from the 0 degree to 90° then I agree that maximum EMF is produced because of the change in the flux but when it moves from 90 degree to 180 degree then also the flux is changing (from 0 to max flux) , why maximum EMF is not produced
Ji, jab ek current-carrying wire already magnetic field me hota hai, aur phir use kisi aur magnetic field me laate hain, toh dono magnetic fields superimpose hote hain. Yeh fields ek dusre ko cancel nahi karte, balki milte julte hain. Is phenomenon ko vector addition se describe kiya jata hai. Magnetic field ka magnitude aur direction add hote hain, aur resultant magnetic field banta hai. Is process me, wire ka apna magnetic field aur external magnetic field milte hain, jo overall magnetic field ko modify karte hain.
Happy Diwali song so you don't know how much I was looking for this video I mean I really wanted to study the AC and generator and DC motor but couldn't find any other video source as good as you thank you so much for always helping us as students to do so bad in such a physics, I only wish that I really wish that one day I can meet you and thank u you so
Sir your videos are too underrated. when (not if ) i get 99% in boards and if anyone asks how i did it i will simply tell them 'rana academy'
OP BRO RANA SIR KI JAYYYYYY😊
yahi confidence se aaj paper likhne jaa rha hu❤❤
@@vinny1-08 padh re ho kyaa
@@AyushGupta-o6w haa
I too agree with uh😊
*NOTES*
*Simple DC Motor*
- *Principle* : Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy; operates on the principle of passing electric current through a conductor in a magnetic field.
- *Construction* :
1. *Armature Coil (ABCD)* : Wound around a soft iron core, free to rotate.
2. *Split Ring Commutator (S₁, S₂)* : Divided copper ring to reverse current direction.
3. *Brushes (B₁, B₂)* : Carbon/copper, in contact with split ring.
4. *Horse-Shoe Electromagnet (NS)* : Creates a magnetic field.
5. *DC Source (Battery)* : Provides electric current.
- *Working* :
- Current flows through the coil in the magnetic field, creating a force based on Fleming's left hand rule.
- Rotation begins due to the equal and opposite forces on the coil arms.
- Split ring commutator reverses current direction when the coil reaches the vertical position, ensuring continuous rotation.
- Mechanical energy is produced as the coil rotates.
- *Ways of Increasing Rotation Speed* :
- Increase current strength.
- Increase the number of turns in the coil.
- Increase the coil area.
- Increase the strength of the magnetic field (using a soft iron core).
- *Function of Split Ring Commutator* :
- Reverses the direction of current in the coil.
- Ensures continuous rotation in the same direction.
- Critical for maintaining the rotating couple during the coil's movement.
- *Transformation of Energy* :
- Electrical energy from the battery transforms into mechanical energy, driving the rotation of the coil.
_Note: Inserting a soft iron core enhances the magnetic field's strength and maintains a constant couple during rotation._
*A.C. GENERATOR*
- Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy using electromagnetic induction.
- Main parts: Horse-shoe electromagnet (NS), armature coil (ABCD), slip rings (S₁, S₂), and brushes (B₁, B₂).
- Working: Coil rotates in a magnetic field, inducing alternating e.m.f. and generating alternating current (a.c.).
- Frequency of a.c.: Depends on the frequency of coil rotation; in houses, typically 50 Hz.
*DISTINCTION BETWEEN D.C. AND A.C.*
*Direct current (d.c.)*
1. Constant magnitude.
2. Flows in one direction.
3. Obtained from a cell or battery.
*Alternating current (a.c.)*
1. Magnitude varies periodically.
2. Reverses direction periodically.
3. Obtained from a.c. generator or mains.
*Advantage of a.c. over d.c.*
- Cheaper to generate, higher efficiency, easy conversion, voltage adjustment with transformers, efficient long-distance transmission.
*DISTINCTION BETWEEN AN A.C. GENERATOR AND D.C. MOTOR*
*A.C. generator*
1. Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.
2. Works on electromagnetic induction.
3. Rotating coil induces a.c.
4. Uses two separate slip rings.
*D.C. motor*
1. Converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.
2. Works on the force on a current-carrying conductor.
3. Current flows in the coil, causing rotation.
4. Uses split rings as a commutator.
*Similarities between A.C. generator and D.C. motor*
- Both involve a rotating coil in a magnetic field, transforming energy from one form to another.
*TRANSFORMER*
- *Purpose:* Changes magnitude of alternating e.m.f.
- *Principle:* Based on electromagnetic induction with two coils (primary and secondary).
- *Construction:* Core of laminated soft iron, primary and secondary coils, turns ratio denoted by *n*.
- *Working:* Varying current in primary induces varying magnetic field, leading to e.m.f. in secondary.
- *Ideal Transformer:* Output power equals input power.
- *Types:*
1. *Step-Up Transformer:* Increases voltage (Es > Ep), more turns in secondary coil.
2. *Step-Down Transformer:* Decreases voltage (Es < Ep), fewer turns in secondary coil.
- *Uses:*
- *Step-Up:* Power transmission, television, wireless sets, X-ray machines.
- *Step-Down:* Electric bells, bulbs, mobile phones, computers.
*DISTINCTION BETWEEN TRANSFORMER TYPES*
*Step-Up Transformer*
1. Increases voltage, decreases current (Es > Ep, Is < Ip).
2. Turns ratio (Ns/Np) > 1, more turns in secondary.
3. Thicker wire in primary coil.
*_Uses:_*_ Power generation, X-ray machines._
*Step-Down Transformer*
1. Decreases voltage, increases current (Es < Ep, Is > Ip).
2. Turns ratio (Ns/Np) < 1, fewer turns in secondary.
3. Thicker wire in secondary coil.
*_Uses:_*_ Power substations, bulbs, computers, electric bells._
Great work😅👍👍
@@Adrishya_295 chalo kisi ne to appreciate kiya.. Sir pin kar dijiye
@@Reyazuddin_Ansari itni typing karte karte apke typing speed kyo ho gayi ho gi😅50+??kitna time lga isss type karne me
@@Adrishya_295 sab ke sab ek bar me nhi kiya tha... sab se pehle d.c. motro fir a.c. motor aur fir transformer kiya tha.. to kitna time laga tha ye to yaad nhi per approx 1 - 2 hrs maan lo
@@Reyazuddin_Ansari kyu jooth bol rha hai bhai😅 sidha bolde khi se copy paste kiya h
Sir u are like gold ...hard to find but very precious ...u explain the concepts so well that I was unable to understand the topics from a long time but now it is all clear
Sir your teaching style is awesome 🙏🏻 you made physics easy for me 😊😊
Thank you sir. Electromagnetism is the only chapter left for me to complete in physics and i am struggling to study it , this video will help me alot.
Hello Sir !! Sir flemming's left hand rule mein direction of current agr downwards hain toh central finger humade taraf hona chahiye aur direction of current agar upwards hain to away from us hona chahiye kya ?? Kindly reply,sir.
Ji, aapka description sahi hai. Fleming's left-hand rule mein, agar aapke left hand ka central finger downward direction ko represent kar raha hai (yani magnetic field ka direction), toh agar forefinger current ki direction ko indicate kar raha hai, toh vo aapke taraf (towards you) hona chahiye agar current upward ja raha hai. Similarly, agar current downward hai, toh forefinger door (away from you) hona chahiye. Ye rule electromagnetic induction ya force ke direction ko determine karne me use hota hai.
Thanks so much sir it means alot as you made the video as per my request . This video will be very helpful for me and my friends.
Thank you for uploading this amazing video... you are the best teacher of physics I have ever seen...this lecture is very helpful for us..✨
Thank you for making new topic video for us Sir 🙏🏻🙏🏻
Love y sir 😻😻💕💕 thank you sir
I am having a doubt Sir
When the armature moves from the 0 degree to 90° then I agree that maximum EMF is produced because of the change in the flux but when it moves from 90 degree to 180 degree then also the flux is changing (from 0 to max flux) , why maximum EMF is not produced
I have same doubt
Sir please do numerical ❤❤❤❤❤. Of electromagnetism
Happy Diwali sir , btw thank you sir
Sir you are the best 🙏💖
Thank u so much sir ❤❤❤
Sir please make video on pyq and latest paper pattern question video on chemistry and physics please sir ❤❤❤❤
sir current carrying wire me already hota he magnetic field to jab hum usse dusre field me laate he to vo cancel nahi krte ek dusre ko?
please reply
Ji, jab ek current-carrying wire already magnetic field me hota hai, aur phir use kisi aur magnetic field me laate hain, toh dono magnetic fields superimpose hote hain. Yeh fields ek dusre ko cancel nahi karte, balki milte julte hain. Is phenomenon ko vector addition se describe kiya jata hai. Magnetic field ka magnitude aur direction add hote hain, aur resultant magnetic field banta hai.
Is process me, wire ka apna magnetic field aur external magnetic field milte hain, jo overall magnetic field ko modify karte hain.
@@Reyazuddin_Ansari woww thank you so much. aap bhi 10th de rhe he is saal?
Sir you are very excellent physics teacher
Nice explanation sir
57:37 change karrr lete hai 😂😂
Happy diwali sir🎉❤, sir please continue class 10 and 11 both together it will help a lot.
Thankyou sir this helped a lot❤
Happy Diwali sir 🎇
Needed this a lot thank you 🙏🙏🙏
Thanks a lot for this video, sir. Hats off to you.
Nice video ❤❤❤❤❤
❤ beautiful explanation
Glad you liked it
My physics is also week but when I saw his video I understand all the concept very clearly
My physics is strong, strong, strong but syllabus isn't complete... My physics is strong, strong...
Happy Diwali song so you don't know how much I was looking for this video I mean I really wanted to study the AC and generator and DC motor but couldn't find any other video source as good as you thank you so much for always helping us as students to do so bad in such a physics, I only wish that I really wish that one day I can meet you and thank u you so
thank u sir for your effort
thanks a lot sir .. u r masterpiece
Love from punjab 🎉❤❤
Sir mole concept aur organic chemistry wale chapter ki bhi one shot video bano!!!!!
Sir dc motor bar and horseshoe magnet ke construction imp h exam ke liye. ?
Happy Diwali
Sir is a.c. generator construction and working is there in 2024 syllabus.....???
Diagram is there but working isn't
Happy diwali sir jii🎆🎆
Sorry sir, but I unable to understand the concept of T,U shaped soft iron core in construction of transformer.
Nice
Good lecture
Sir questions bhi krado please
Love you sir
Sir please upload numericals of this chapter , exams are starting from 20th November
Sir please make video on 10 b full exercise of this ch
Note samajh nahi aya 20:18
Sme
1st or 2nd?
Happy Diwali 🪔
Sir please make one shot videos for all the topics....a humble request for you
... because ur explanations are a masterpiece
4:34😂 ok sir
Good
Sir can you teach in English please
Happy diwali sir 🎉.
Happy diwali sir 🎉🎉
happy diwali sir.
Happy diwali sir
Happy diwali sir
Happy diwali sirrr
Happy diwali sir