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Why are trees and other plants green? Seems like a simple question. But the answer is full of surprises. Using a special camera that can pick up light just beyond the visible range, into the near-infrared, you’ll get to see trees like you’ve never seen them before. And these other-worldly images can teach us not only why trees are green on Earth, but what color photosynthetic life on other planets might be.
#TeamTrees
References: sites.google.com/view/treeson...
Special thanks to our Brain Trust Patrons:
AlecZero
Bob Rosset
Brent M.
Diego Lombeida
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T🌲E🌲A🌲M🌲T🌲R🌲E🌲E🌲S
Trees
When 69 youtubers uploads about team trees at the same time
Me: oh yeah its all coming together
@@hareet8238 yeah medlife crisis, its okay to be smart, tierzoo and steve mould all just uploaded
Did you guys plan all the tree videos at once?
🌴🌳🌲🌲🌳🌴
And if a tree falls in space, does it make a sound?
Let's go find out! TREES ON THE MOON
Has the tree stopped falling in space?
No. It doesn't exist in the spacetime continuum
There is no sound in a vacuum. Space is a vacuum. And if the tree were to stop floating in space, there would be no sound. But, also, space is so cold, the tree would be frozen to a billion ice crystals all the while imploding from the pressure of the space vacuum.
I just did a smart.
In space, no one can hear you photosynthesize.
Far out! Let's go #TeamTrees!
LIFE NOGGIN
GOT ONLY 5 LIKES?!?!
Life Noggin
HEY IM A FAN
Life noggin for Life! (litteraly)
"I hope you like a little physics with your biology." Joe I like a little physics with everything I do or consume.
Who's joe
@@microska2656 the man speaking
Swampert D. Best but subscribe to pewdiepie
Dr Joe Hanson is the host of It’s Okay To Be Smart.
@@microska2656 joe mama
@@microska2656 Joe MAMA
I love the collaboration of all these youtubers y’all really pulling this off
I got two notification about this.
"What if" and this channel.
The like count said 222 I made it 223, thanks in advance
and themselves
Team Trees is everywhere🤣
Ikr lol
The power of the Internet
Adelia Jovani GOOD!
And it's great!
Let's keep it that way XD
"I might be powered by tacos and coffee" - mood.
100%
Energy drinks for me. No coffee. Its less effective
@@cherrydragon3120 Kyle?
I wish coffee didn't exist just to piss you off
I love how Joe always makes videos about things that have never even crossed my mind!
Whos joe?
@@FunScientifix Joe mama
That’s funny cuz I’ve asked this every time I’ve learned about photosynthesis
I love how Joe always makes videos about the most burning questions that have always been on my mind.
I come back to this video regularly, these infrared images and videos are one of the most beautiful things I've never seen.
Hi Joe! I asked this very question, in the comments section, on your "Is there life on Earth?" episode... about why plants are green. And why that specific spectrum of colour. Thank you for making this entire video about it! 🙂 You broke down one of the long-standing mysteries I've had about the world!
My pleasure!
@@besmart Thanks so much for this video, it laid out some information I've been looking for so, so well. Would you have any reading recommendations for additional info on plant evolution, specifically the rejection of infrared light for optimising growth. Your video is the only place I have seen it referenced. Thanks so much!
@@besmart team trees🌲
@@besmart Thank you joe☺️
@@besmart I like you pfp it's okay to be smart ☺️
It's amazing how you manage to answer questions I didn't even know I had.
I want to live in a red dwarf so I can have dark gothic plants.
Douglas Ceretta Hamerski but it would be cold out side with no kind of atmosphere you would be all alone more or less. You could fly far away from here and have fun fun fun in the sun sun sun
Douglas Ceretta Hamerski Black plants actually do exist on earth. The "Black Magic Elephant Ear" is even a popular garden plant. No need to change planet you silly :p
@@alanmorton5303 HA HA HA HA HA yes...I actually got the tune stuck in my head while reading that, lol. XD
(Also you'd want to live on a PLANET _near_ a red dwarf, not IN one. Living _in_ any kind of star is not recommended by doctors and generally considered a bad idea.)
@@dundee6402 Thanks, I didn't know that
Also Echeveria afinis (Black Knight), its hybrid Echeveria "Black prince" and Aeonium arboreum atropurpureum get black when they are exposed to sunlight
you're the first youtuber to say correctly where the O2 comes from in photosynthesis, respect!!
Thank you! I’d have to give back my PhD if I got that wrong
The Science Asylum has an interesting video about it too 😄
@@besmart What happens to the Hydrogen then?
It also released by plants like the oxygen?
@@besmart so our 👀 eyes would see Black trees 🤔😏
@@besmart did you go through bachelor degree 🤔
I’ve always sorta wondered about this. I love that green plants are basically a case study in the random, “it works” engine that drives evolution!
I've learned more about trees today than I have my entire life, and I'm liking it :)
5:10 was there a couple of days ago, gotta love Vienna!
Good eye!
Yes, somebody else noticed! My hometown, love it (:
@@besmart I 😘 in our nature 🥰 do More
Could you do a video about how animals see in different spectrums? I've been searching for how peacocks see the colors. It's really beautiful and explains why peacocks have such elaborate tails
By the way, the "castle" and gardens in the pictures at around 4:58 - 5:12 is Schloss Schönbrunn in Vienna (Austria)
Plus a view from "Gloriette", down the hill and over the city.
Was Joe doing something weird with his voice? It was subtle, but it almost sounded like he was doing a Valley accent or speaking in baby-talk. Very strange.
I'm so glad I wasn't the only one who noticed! Maybe he was just feeling unwell?
So glad it's not just me hearing this, I can't figure out what's going on with it but it's really getting to me, did he spend a week hanging out with surfers in LA?
Usually he sounds more punctuated than this
Nothing
He sounds like every TH-cam content creator. It's the TH-cam accent
He's scientist-splanin at us today.
Still a great video.
"This hidden world of color invisible to us holds clues about why trees and other plants look the way they look here at *home* and even what they could look like on *other planets"*
*-I don't know why but this just warmed my heart*
"Rainbow trees would be my dream"
@Weaboo Sensei THANK YOU. I know I knew about them, but they slipped my mind. Thanks for the reminder 🌈
Not trees, but heuchera and some other plants have nearly a full rainbow in the leaves of different plants within their families. More growers focus on Autumn colors for heuchera, but there are some purples and pinks too.
Check out "Franken" [Frankenstein] trees.
@Weeb Sensei will do ÓuÒ
I had an out of body experience where I went to other planets. One of them had a red star and the plants were black and purple. High noon looked like twilight. The forests looked like voids.
seems like your dream planet was scientifically correct
The fundraiser bar isn't appearing on this video for me like its appearing on other #teamtree videos.
Teamtrees.org i saw somewhere in the comment section. Maybe that works?
@@cherrydragon3120 I know how to get to it. I just think it should be on every #teamtrees video to help the fundraiser function better
You can always donate directly at their website :)
Thanks! This video was so informative, as always, and answered completely questions we have been pondering this fall about why most trees are green. Thanks also for being part of #teamtrees
Half as Interesting
Ted-Ed
Minute Earth
It’s Ok To Be Smart
All of these channels have formed a perfect continuous row of videos about trees in my inbox within the last ten minutes.
I’m sensing some sort of collaboration or theme happening today. Call it a hunch.
And Mark Rober, Veritasium, Steve Mould, MinuteEarth, and SmarterEveryDay!
Watch mark robers vid
And Me Beast, Tier Zoo and Treesicle
Kurzgesagt!
I’m loving how widespread this #TeamTrees thing is. Great work, everybody! Let’s get these trees planted.
Imagine walking beneath a black forest canopy dimly illuminated by red light after a light ammonia rainstorm and thinking how nice it is to be out in nature, especially after that stiffling -20 degree Celsius heat wave ended.
Glad theres so much love for trees right now! Its making me feel pretty happy
"Why they are greenn"
"Smarder not hardder"
"They carry different EneRRgy"
"Overrrload"
"Antserrd"
Me: Joe you good?😂
Y no grEEn?
"Heers the spekdrum of coloors we can see"
I have a Meyer lemon tree and a tangerine tree. Sadly, my spruce tree died.
F
I have a mulberry tree that was planted on purpose, an actual pine tree (NOT a spruce or fir! I learned the difference right on this very channel!) that was already there when I moved in, and a Siberian Elm that is _way_ too close to the house, scraping its branches creepily against the outside wall. How very...seasonally appropriate of you, tree. Nice Halloween atmosphere. :P
(Fun fact: Siberian Elms are kinda like evergreen trees in reverse. Like this: Evergreen trees ORIGINALLY got their needle-shaped leaves to help with _dry_ conditions, and the fact that this also helps them survive _cold_ is just a happy coincidence. Originally meant for deserts; now the symbol of winter and winter holidays. Siberian Elms, as you might have guessed from the name, originally evolved in _cold_ but can also survive in DRY, even in places where you'd normally only get sagebrush and cacti. Hence, why they're all over the southwestern United States! Including my damn yard. XD)
R.I.P
Spruce tree you will ne reremeber
ok
Hey fellow gardener, take good care of your plants, I envy your lemon variety, mine is quite shitty with thick and crumbly skin, not good for anything other than the zest peels (previous owner left the lemon shrub, I wasn't willing to let it just die on me.)
Keep doing what you do Joe and team... Education/knowledge is one of the keys to our survival and progress.... And your really good at it
Now, this is a video worth to watch.
Thankx
Why is everyone uploading at the same time especially about 🌲
Right i noticed that too different channel's past 10 mins posted tree vids
BECAUSE WE ARE PLANTING 20MILLION TREES IN JUST 2 MONTHS WITH ALL TH-cam COMUNITY
Teamtrees.org, in short.
October is when the outside marijuana harvests come in...
I thought that at first too. You'll find out soon enought.
@6:02 Ok, you say that the green photo synthesizers evolved to use the left over red and blue light, and eventually out-competed the purples that were once dominant.
But, with them gone, why didn't plants further evolve to use the now freed up green light again?
Maybe because there is no need. There was evolutionary pressure on them to exclude green light. But now that they could use green light again, they don't need to because they do fine on the lights they are specialized on.
@@karentjuhh101 - some plants feel a great need to use green light and could use it well. For example, plants on the forest floors during the main growing season (now those plants have to grow before or after the trees are having leaves).
. . . My assumption is more that photosynthesis is so well tuned to blue and red today that there is no way to tweak the process to use now also green and yellow light. The photosynthesis developed during a billion year, and the winners were able to take the earth, but developing absorbing green for useful energy inside the cell doesn't have that time and the prize is smaller.
@@Achill101 I don't think plants on the forest floors absorbing green light would _actually_ help, since the problem usually is that light ain't reaching them at all, it would be trading six for half a dozen.
@@selenaichtis6762 - I like to hike through forests in the summer (to enjoy nature in the shade), and I see a lot of green light reaching the forest floor, because the green light is absorbed MUCH LESS THAN BLUE AND RED by the higher up green leaves of the trees.
. . . We should look at data of actual light intensity at forest floors, of course (does anybody have them handy?). My guess is that the absolute light intensity would be high enough for many specialized plants to grow there IF the light spectrum would still be the same as the sun. BUT the ratio of blue and red light to green has decreased by factor ten or hundred by the time the light has reached the floor, I guess, and that would be simply not enough for plants living from photosynthesis during the summer.
If purple reflects blue and red, doesn't green reflect blue and yellow? What is the color of the light source? Yellow. How about the sky? Blue.
this makes complete sense as some plants tend to take on dark hues based off the light they absorb; also shows how certain flowers can turn red, black or purple, even in good health!
The epitome of nature, work smart not necessarily harder...wish these would be appreciated in our work culture...
I like how you used the transparency checkered background to illustrate UV and IR light, so they have zero alpha value because they're invisible.
This is definitely gonna be on TH-cam rewind
DOMiNO we will see how they screw this years up
That's the Rockwell Automation Retro Encabulator! 3:49
Amazing video! Thanks!
Tree starts to sound like a funny weird word when you see it enough and say it outloud
Great video like always. You're such an inspiration for my own channel. Thanks a bunch!!!
Thanks for the like :)
This video is unbelievably fascinating!
You just helped me in my grow room 😂 I love my flowers so much 🥰 I just want to give them nothing but the best
I would really like to know your thoughts on how timekeeping would have evolved on other planets.
On Earth it's historically related to two things: Days and seasons. Days are obvious, and we track the year by the seasons. But not every planet HAS seasons (at least not the way Earth does), or even days!
On a planet where the seasonal difference is much more mild, it may not be so obvious that there is a yearly cycle.
And on a tidally-locked planet, bereft of a day-night cycle, how would timekeeping evolve at all? What would such a civilization use as a reference for the passage of time?
It's delightfully puzzling!
Oh I've always been fascinated about that kind of stuff. People like IsaacArthur and Artifexian talk about it a bit on their channels, but there are so _many_ different day/year cycles! For example, how 'bout Mercury. The way it goes around the Sun quickly and rotates slowly, at some point during the long day, the sun appears to _back up and set again, then RISE again_ ! wut.
All I came up with is that in the culture of a planet like that, maybe the "just kidding!" sunrise could be a metaphor for things that are a lie or too good to be true. Like, they could have sad country songs about "I thought you loved me, but you left me alone in the darkness, just like the false dawn..." :P
It's also related to the moon. What if the planet had no moon, or, for instance, it was tidally locked with its moon so that only one side ever saw the moon? In the latter case the two hemispheres would have radically different timekeeping methods. You might be able to have some longer timekeeping based on when certain things happen, like certain flowers bloom or insects emerge.
Lack of day-night cycles would have profound impacts on life as we know it. Would sleep even exist? If life developed well before the planet became tidally locked with its star, there could be various evolutionary techniques to compensate for the lack of night.
Yes, a fascinating subject & one that should be explored.
Not to mention things like sightless sapients
Hi, again I have read of such scenarios in Sci Fi. As for tidally locked planets, there would probably only be an inhabitable strip around the planet as one side is frozen and the other arid. (I like to think of it as a Twilight Zone.) The question might be that assuming simple lifeforms could live there, could they evolve into anything more complex. Just on Earth it took 2 billion years before (with enough oxygen from cyanobacteria) a chance encounter with a relative of the Asgard Achaean and an oxygen breathing Eubacterium to initiate the evolution of complex cells, the Eukaryotes. Then there was a long way to go before humans measured time.
Nice
4:57 - 5:13 Hey, isn't that Schönbrunn?
I'm honestly surprised to find my hometown Vienna in this video!
#Bécs
Nice touch at the end...
Such a nice line of thought!
I hope people mention how planting monoculture trees is a bad idea
!!!
Ah, the Turbo Encabulator. I just ordered a new one the other day. It should effectively prevent side fumbling.
This video helped me with my astronomy homework. THANKS!!
My youtube recommended is soooo bad, it has been almost 6 months now since i have been recommended one of your videos and i am even subscribed to you, i really enjoy your content and it was a shame that I almost forgot you existed just because youtube did not think i liked your videos, turned on all notifications, ❤️
"Feel free to leaf my channel. That was pretty acorny...Ok, that was pineful. I know you're sycamore puns. Just trying to spruce up the planet together!" 😂
Take a like and get out
"I might be powered by tacos and coffee." Joe truly is one of us.
Great stuff as always.
Awesome video, thanks.
By the end of today I am going to be an expert on trees after watching all these videos
Are you done watching them,
If so when did the two main types of palm trees diverge?
Universe: makes light no one can see.
Humans: sees it anyway
Samuel Barrow mantis shrimp too, I think
The Universe wants to know your location .
We still don't actually see it.
A detector detects it and assigns a false color to it. We see the false colors.
No, we aren't adjusted to see such light. It would be useless.
@@Kenabukanyo
But if the Universe knew Samuel's location...it couldn't know his velocity... ^_-
awesome piece this one!
Finally I got the answer. And great video. Very informative.
Anyone else feel like Joe's channeling a valley girl this episode?
Yeeeeeees lmao, thought I might be the only one thinking that he sounds like some sort of blonde Cali chick or hipster lol
good, so its not just me
Had to stop watching because of it
I thought I was the only one who noticed he started sounding different and I couldn’t tell if it was just me or something
@@deathnightANIMATED As did I, unfortunately..
WE CAN DO THIS. GO PLANT SOME TREES!!! 🌲🌲🌲
Plant them yourself...stop talking and go into action...words won't save the planet
@@chrisp.9385 You plant them. Stop telling others what to do. Being high and mighty won't save the planet.
@@Des420 then you plant them. You telling him to plant trees when we know he's unlikely to do it won't help anyone any better.
@@Jay-qb9gi No. I just told him not to tell people what to do, so you're not going to tell me what to do either. Now you and him go and plant them on your first date... Because you do what I tell you.
jeb _- In today’s society, words can do a lot.
great vid, thanks!
Those tree puns made my day!
I'd love a little physics in my biology 😂
Did you really meant to say, what i understood 😂
@@vijayveersudhakar1213 🤔😂😂😂
“you are looking at trees” no really that’s surprising
*You don't say intensifies*
*INTENSIFIES*
*AWESOMENESS INTENSIFIES* No, srsly, Trees are Amazing!
I'm so glad you covered the purple plants
Very informative, your videos are amazing! Thank you so much for these quality videos.
When he says, "hey smart people,..."
Me: okay... I am outta here
I think the real question here is: What would other planets look like on trees?
Your anus.
Yggdrasil???
@@ronjayrose9706 Your phone autocorrected "Vagasil".
Des420
Ummmmm 😂
You mean "What would trees look like on other planets?".
Very Informative!
I have learned so much about trees today.
Why does Joe sound like a Valley girl in this episode? haha
It's the head stuck to the shoulder thing, it has that effect on one's voice
Okay, why are all the science channels posting videos on trees today?
Its because of Mr beast
Oh dang! I just looked up his channel, makes sense now, thanks
teamtree.org
@@sundeww * teamtrees.org
Light is super fascinating! I enjoy this video and the UV video because those are two frequencies that I've always wondered what it would be like to see in.
Thankyou, this was very informative.
the sound editing seemed to be a bit off this time.
great video btw
*PLAN(e)T*
_Coincidence? I think not._
Thoroughly enjoyed the tree puns at the end 👍
Very interesting episode!
So you're saying we could have had purple trees ?!?! ÒnÓ
Recommended: *Veritasium:* *Trees are out to get you*
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.
Thanks for blowing my mind. Yet again :D
So basically when we find alien life it will just be a bunch of purple trees
Does anyone else feel a valley girl vibe Joe's giving off in this video in the way he's talking?????? Stuffy nose maybe?
Yeah, he sounded a little more nasal, like he was sick.
Im loving these trends
this is the fifth youtuber i have encountered today talking about this "extreme planting trees" thing. today. their is a massive effort underway
Did yall get new audio equipment or something? Joe's voice sounds different to me in this video.
Wtf life noggin minute earth Tierzoo and you all upload something tree related within like 10 minutes
Mister_X donate to teamtrees.org
5th team trees video I’ve seen!
We must support the environment that we are provided. Science is amazing!
Plant more green so we/our decendents can live long enough to see other colors
The way you are talking is different from usual. Kind of unsettling...
Very cool! Thank you! 👏
Thank you so much for not using majorly red-color space footage to represent infrared.
why is your voice so wierd?, seems odd in this vid
Thats what i thought
What's wrong with your voice? Did you take a hit before recording or what?
Brilliant mate love yr channel
I swear I’ve been watching these team trees videos all day 😂