[Basic] How to read specification sheet of electronic parts | Transistor

In this video, I'll show you how to read specification sheet ( or it's called data sheet) of electronic parts.
Firstly we focus on Transistor that is extremely important part in electronics.
-Table of Contents
0:00 Opening
0:25 What's specification sheet
3:05 Points when using transistor
6:21 Points when reading specification sheet
8:07 Conclusion
-Introduction
Hardware engineer
9 years experience as a Maker
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-Content
So, first of all, what is a data sheet anyway? Let's start by asking, "What is a data sheet?
A datasheet is a document that describes how to use the product safely and what precautions to take. Basically, there is one datasheet for each component.
The items described in a data sheet vary depending on the type of component, ranging from a simple one-page data sheet to several hundred pages, as in the case of a CPU data sheet.
There are no specific rules regarding the items to be described, and there are often differences even among components of the same type and manufacturer. For example, the following datasheets are both for transistors, but some items are common while others are different. This is because the intended applications are different and the points to be appealed are different.
The items listed in the data sheets are divided into five main categories. Let us take a typical transistor, 2SC1815, as an example for a brief explanation.
First, the overview describes the application and strengths of the component. It is recommended to read this section first, as it will give you some understanding of the characteristics of the component. The outline drawing describes package dimensions, pin assignments, weight, and so on. The absolute maximum rating is a value that cannot be guaranteed, because it may break if used more than this for even a moment. In practice, there is some margin of error, but be sure to observe this value. Electrical characteristics are often divided into tables and graphs. The table is a summary of the most typical ones, and the graph is for those who want to know more details. Tables usually show the characteristics when used at 25°C, i.e., room temperature. There are also minimum, standard, and maximum values, but not all of these values are listed in this way. In most cases, the values are included only where they correspond to the two points that are usually important when using the device: where it is located and what the worst value is. For example, the collector-emitter saturation voltage, which is the voltage that is applied between the collector and emitter when the transistor is turned on, is usually around 0.1V, or 0.25V no matter how large it is.
For mass-produced products, device and environmental variations are very important, so it is often necessary to read through the graphs, but for personal use, it is basically only necessary to understand the table. Lastly, there are some important notes, such as disclaimers and rights, which are actually quite important. However, you don't have to worry about this either, especially for personal use.
Next, among the many items, here are three points that you must keep in mind when using transistors.
Although there are many descriptions in the datasheets, in most cases, you will have little trouble in practical use if you check only the three items introduced here for the time being.
The first is pin assignment. For components such as resistors and coils, it does not matter which way they face, but many semiconductor components such as transistors have different orientations, so you should always check the pin assignments when using them.
The orientation of transistors depends on the type of package, but in the case of this TO-92, a round type, when the printed side is facing up and you look into it from the bottom, the emitter, collector, and base are aligned from left to right. It is easy to remember if you take the first letter of each and remember it as eqbo.
The next important thing is the absolute maximum ratings. To be honest, all of this information is important because it is necessary to prevent breakage, but these three are the ones that should be paid particular attention to in actual use.
The first is the voltage that can be applied between the emitter and collector, which in the case of this component is 60V, so a circuit like A is OK and B is NG. The second is the current that can flow to the collector, which in this case is 150mA, so A is OK and B is NG. The third is the collector loss, which is the sum of the collector current and The third is the collector loss, which can be calculated by multiplying the collector current by the collector-emitter voltage. Since this component is 400 mW, A is OK and B is NG.

[@しーさん-g1o]

電電系大学生です、ちょうど組み込み(IoT)エンジニアを目指そうと決めたところに良いチャンネルを見つけました。
これからもためになる動画よろしくお願いします！

[@buonoatsushi]

コメントありがとうございます！
とても励みになります👍

[@TheStep3]

ちょうどオープンソースのプロジェクトのBOMの部品調達が難しくて途方に暮れてた所だから助かります。ありがとう神様。

[@buonoatsushi]

コメントありがとうございます！
お役に立てたみたいで良かったです。
今後、他の部品シリーズもアップする予定なのでそちらもお願いします👍

[@swaka843]

相当大胆な仮定が入っていそうです。この説明はバイポーラNPNの小信号・低周波用に限ると思われます。

[@buonoatsushi]

コメントありがとうございます。
はい、ご指摘のように、ここで紹介しているトランジスタは電子工作で使うような汎用品となっております。
大出力や高周波に対応したトランジスタは紹介し切れていませんので、もしまとまっている記事・動画があったらシェアしてもらえると助かります。