Ship Construction Part 1, 2nd Mates Oral, F3

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 26 ก.ย. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 151

  • @pixellivesmatter8409
    @pixellivesmatter8409 5 ปีที่แล้ว +33

    15:00 tumblehome design helps in the stability of the ship, by lowering the centre of mass and by therefore lowering the centre of gravity in the ships design. This helps it become more seaworhty by making it less prone to violent rolling. It works like a damped inverted pendulum. I saw he was struggling with explaining it, so i dropped this in the comments. For notable examples of tumblehome designs search for french pre-dreadnought battleships.

    • @dustycrophopper2743
      @dustycrophopper2743 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you for explaining. I am not a ship builder but am a sw engineer, very interested in ships. We put so many bulkheads, so where do people find place to put the Decks and passenger cabins. Is it built inside these bulk heads or what. Sorry if my question is foolish.

    • @sonukumarsingh4528
      @sonukumarsingh4528 วันที่ผ่านมา

      thanks
      plz make videos with writing definition

  • @pankajkumarsingh3337
    @pankajkumarsingh3337 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you very much, Sir..for this very nice video

  • @rivaldoeurope7410
    @rivaldoeurope7410 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Please please please keep on making new videos love them so much. It helps me a lot. Thank you

  • @morganspice6056
    @morganspice6056 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you friend!
    Best regards from Bulgaria , this helped me a lot!

  • @raymondallenjhangiani7670
    @raymondallenjhangiani7670 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great ! Explanation 🙏 appreciate very much ! You have simplified and consolidated the vast study of ship construction into a nutshell ! Truly great effort exercised ? Thank you very much ! God bless always 🙏 looking forward for more of your videos in anticipation ? 👍

  • @lucasmumo3470
    @lucasmumo3470 8 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Thank you so much this is so helpful..my Guy💯🤝🏾

  • @arunkrishnans489
    @arunkrishnans489 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you so much sir....really helpful...great venture...thnks again..please make more vedios on all topics u know,👍🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Good morning
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @Sakthimani-wh8du
    @Sakthimani-wh8du 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Good teaching for marine students
    Keep go sir

  • @sayandevkanjilal7965
    @sayandevkanjilal7965 6 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    I have viewed all five videos on your channel, I am at entry level in shipping industry and these contents seems to be really helpful, thank you so much. Sorry to say the video quality is a bit disappointed. But above all thanks again.

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Sayandev Kanjilal
      Will try and improve the video quality in future. Thanks for the feedback.👍

  • @arrow_kp
    @arrow_kp 6 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    please make video on rudder trunk, rudder bearing, rudder stock, rudder types

  • @amirhosseinabdollahi3584
    @amirhosseinabdollahi3584 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hi. I'm watching the construction videos, 1st one is done, it was great. Thank you for such a complete explanation!

  • @ilovecats37492
    @ilovecats37492 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Nihal, my g, thanks for coming thru my brotha, u a real one

  • @raymondallenjhangiani7670
    @raymondallenjhangiani7670 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great 👌 well explained ! Appreciate very much ! Thanks 👍 God bless you always 🙏😇

  • @rksingh_pouc1
    @rksingh_pouc1 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Excellent sir

  • @vepamanusasaank8895
    @vepamanusasaank8895 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you soo much....good explanation 🙇

  • @angadcheema
    @angadcheema 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    last drawing with the music was a nice sum up!

  • @pankajkumarsingh3337
    @pankajkumarsingh3337 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Nice videos, excellent work done, please make more videos to help for exam.

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @jalaluddeenamity2883
    @jalaluddeenamity2883 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Bow thruster only in forward. Other one is aft thruster. Btw thanks for great video 👍👌

  • @krishanmohansharma8306
    @krishanmohansharma8306 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Thank you for your explanation. 👍

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @khemrajgupta3348
    @khemrajgupta3348 ปีที่แล้ว

    Perfect spech.

  • @sonamnorbu9108
    @sonamnorbu9108 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Bulbows bow is increasing speed of ship.

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @vikhayatarora4302
    @vikhayatarora4302 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Please make videos for Function 1 sir , your videos helped greatly , covered all my syllabus and very easy to understand like this I have viewed all your videos and it really helped in passing my Function 3 , please make videos for Function 1 as well sir

  • @mohamedayman1279
    @mohamedayman1279 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    you are amazing really thank youuuuuuuu toooo much you helped me a lot❤❤❤❤❤

  • @dustycrophopper2743
    @dustycrophopper2743 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hi, we see ships for e.g cargo ships, oil container ships etc. which don't have that upper flare. They are more like a wide bucket in the water. How do these ships achieve buoyancy?

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @McKingBurger
    @McKingBurger 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    The whiteboard is more bigger then the ship.. You should have taken more smaller board..

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @Bestcr7302
    @Bestcr7302 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Dear sir pls
    Explain about half breadth.
    Tanks a million

  • @rahulrakwal2869
    @rahulrakwal2869 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    nice sir awesome work by you

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks
      Rahul Rakwal 🙏😊

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @AlkeshDevalia0811
    @AlkeshDevalia0811 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Bhot hi accha kam kra sir aapne

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @kshitijbansal6517
    @kshitijbansal6517 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    And types of rudder...please sir..😊 your videos are blessing to upcoming students..

  • @hermestrismegistus8154
    @hermestrismegistus8154 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for all your videos bro

  • @mohd.nabeelkhan6120
    @mohd.nabeelkhan6120 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Is it possible to go in ship building by having a b.tech(civil) degree?
    If yes then how?

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @VIVEKSINGH-ch9jc
    @VIVEKSINGH-ch9jc 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very good video..

  • @nilasithu5274
    @nilasithu5274 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank u sir,, waiting for more videos

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @Vasile96fa
    @Vasile96fa 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks

  • @marinerkunal2330
    @marinerkunal2330 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Thank you bro it helped me a lot

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I am Glad to know this.
      Welcome 😊🙏
      Congratulations 🎉.
      Very Happy for you.
      May you have a successful and safe sailing ahead.
      All the Best

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Good morning
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @adityaraj5932
    @adityaraj5932 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Can we expect some videos on imo rules..I means the Collison regulations and preventions.

    • @jess679.
      @jess679. 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      i second this

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @tusharjoshi8909
    @tusharjoshi8909 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very nice...plz keep it up

  • @mazrealtor
    @mazrealtor 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good video, can you explain a catamaran? Axe bow, wave cutter, like a semi submersible.
    Like a Dashew yacht design, or a Bering yacht, designed for less roll and reduced loss in forward momentum.

  • @im_t_sr3087
    @im_t_sr3087 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Bow thruster is on forward while stern thruster is on aft.

  • @joydeepghosh1781
    @joydeepghosh1781 ปีที่แล้ว

    Where to find material on the history of maritime trade of India and the world, the big shipping guilds, magnates of India who traded with ancient Greece, Rome, Phoenicians, Israelites, ancient Arabs, Radhanites?? There is good detailed history available of the ancient Greek Roman shipping magnates and their detailed maritime history.

  • @timelinecreations255
    @timelinecreations255 ปีที่แล้ว

    Do something with the noise in the background, Can't concentrate only😅

  • @pradiptaojha9235
    @pradiptaojha9235 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wander full

  • @pika9985
    @pika9985 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    that board is huge , could you use smaller one ?

  • @AkshayKumar-lx2qg
    @AkshayKumar-lx2qg 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thnkuuu sooo much sir

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @abisheknatarajan3158
    @abisheknatarajan3158 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Nice bro......thanku....

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Abishek Natarajan
      Welcome 🙏

  • @tusharwayal8762
    @tusharwayal8762 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Good job bhai...can you able share lecture on submarine construction..

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @krishserai6252
    @krishserai6252 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Sir can u make a video on ship routes for eg how we will go from Dubai go San Francisco please sir

  • @sonamnorbu9108
    @sonamnorbu9108 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I think Stem is forward most part of the ship..

  • @dannydcosta6783
    @dannydcosta6783 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    LBP (Length between Perpendiculars) definition seems to be incorrect, Correct me if I am wrong.

  • @bishromar
    @bishromar 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Can I connect with you privately for a simple question?

  • @mintuchauhan4514
    @mintuchauhan4514 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir can you please tell me what is the Inboard, outboard & Athwarship in ship construction?
    Thank You, sir.

  • @yatharthasaluja1545
    @yatharthasaluja1545 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    video is helpful,just a correction,representation of aft perpendicular is not correct in the diagram.

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @rachitruparel6087
    @rachitruparel6087 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Skeleton plate?

  • @mdkafilkhan7061
    @mdkafilkhan7061 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I can make rotating moter please tell me

  • @shin7328
    @shin7328 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    what`s the difference between stringer strake and camber ? tia

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @manugargvlog
    @manugargvlog 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    your definition of aft perpendicular is wrong, it is line passing through centreline of rudder post..kindly check

    • @Shortcircuit2403
      @Shortcircuit2403 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Agree. It's a perpendicular drawn where the aft side of the rudder post (not rudder) meets the Summer Load line, In absence of rudder post, it's taken at the centreline of the rudder stock.

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @rohithn.m6725
    @rohithn.m6725 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    What is called underway

  • @rohitupadhyay7720
    @rohitupadhyay7720 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir sarang lascar ka online self learning video batayee please

  • @mishusengoopta614
    @mishusengoopta614 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    really helpful

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @AnkitSharma-ns5gm
    @AnkitSharma-ns5gm 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thankx sir

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Welcome Ankit 🙏

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @brijeshkumarprajapati4178
    @brijeshkumarprajapati4178 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Sir make a video on basic knowledge of ship ex hull, water line,stern keel FWD afd stbd port etc

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @neeladharpoojary7271
    @neeladharpoojary7271 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you very helpful

  • @kshitijbansal6517
    @kshitijbansal6517 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Types of keel ...and which keel is mostly used?

  • @beyalexander2786
    @beyalexander2786 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you, your lectures helps a lot.
    Can you recommend a book compatible with your lectures?

  • @kshitijbansal6517
    @kshitijbansal6517 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Nihal sir...please make a video on load line...and regulations for construction

  • @prashantkmishra6407
    @prashantkmishra6407 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Prashant Mishra
      Thanks🙏

  • @satyamkumar6868
    @satyamkumar6868 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Nikhil sir i need all the questions of 2 mate like written and oral all can you please give it to me

  • @saudade2817
    @saudade2817 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    After ones are called stern thrusters

  • @xiao-mingxu5771
    @xiao-mingxu5771 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi, what is the meaning of mould as in Moulded Depth or Breadth? Many thanks

  • @GovindKumar-rb3lh
    @GovindKumar-rb3lh 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Sir all ship ke liye ye construction h

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @magisco6241
    @magisco6241 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir good morning, like to open shipyard in India,. What is your ldear from you sir

  • @abisheknatarajan3158
    @abisheknatarajan3158 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    What about Gardboard strake...... iam confused with bilge strake.....can u explain ?

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Abishek Natarajan
      Garboard Strake' is the very next Strake' to the keel plate . Or The Strake' adjacent to the keel plate is the Garboard Strake'.
      And Turn of Bilge is the Bilge Strake' .It is the Strake' where the bottom shell turns to side shell.

    • @abisheknatarajan3158
      @abisheknatarajan3158 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Understood Bro......thanku.....

  • @saikanade9928
    @saikanade9928 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello just a question, for aft perpendicular, is it taken to the end of the rudder or to the rudder pintles?

  • @sameerjuggal1034
    @sameerjuggal1034 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    thanx a lot

  • @DineshKumar-mc6ht
    @DineshKumar-mc6ht 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    How do they do naming and numbering, please explain in detail sir

  • @xiao-mingxu5771
    @xiao-mingxu5771 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hi, brother, this video is very informational and helpful. Can I use it on our video sharing platform like YouKu in China? So my friends can have access to this excellent material;

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Xiao-Ming Xu
      Thank you, Yes you can use it on Youku but you cannot monetise this videos, also you got to put a Credit note in the Description stating -"This Video is made by Nihal Gupta and all rights to the video remain reserved with him"

    • @xiao-mingxu5771
      @xiao-mingxu5771 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Hi, Nihal, I will surely add the credit part in the video title, and send you a link to it. Thank you very much, a nice day;

    • @xiao-mingxu5771
      @xiao-mingxu5771 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      player.youku.com/player.php/sid/XMzQ4NjYzNzYyOA==/v.swf

  • @viralhindistatus222
    @viralhindistatus222 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    great job amazingly explained ❤️👍

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @mangeshrai0709
    @mangeshrai0709 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sir board thoda bada use karo....and good job sir

  • @verminer7
    @verminer7 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Is it possible to have a paid privet course with you? Please talk to me if you are interested

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes, but I am sailing at present. Available only after May 2022

  • @giridharannedumaran6389
    @giridharannedumaran6389 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Bro,y no video

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @camillecardoze5501
    @camillecardoze5501 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great video but the hammering in the back made me uneasy

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Same was with me. Couldn't shut the carpenter next door.
      😅.

  • @nihil1420
    @nihil1420 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    what are strakes? please explain with diagrams

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      The Hull of a ship is a hollow body enclosed by Plating (side shell plating,bottom shell plating, Deck plating).
      We all know what we mean by plate. It is a rectangular shape steel with certain thickness.
      Number of plates put up together usually
      in the longitudinal direction make up a Strake,
      (eg-Sheer Strake,Stringer Strake/plate etc)
      eg-Sheer strake is made up of numerous side shell plates
      in longitudinal direction.
      In naval architecture and ship construction each of these plate has an identification.These are numbered in certain pattern.
      The plates are identified by a letter and a number.Each plate is given a letter in the vertical direction starting with A from the bottom.
      Each plate is given a number in the horizontal direction starting from aft.
      Each section of the plate placed in fore and aft direction is called a “strake”.
      It is the shell expansion plan where the numbering of
      plates and lettering of plate strakes are used for
      reference purposes. Hope this Clears your doubt.

  • @AnupYadav-cf8wu
    @AnupYadav-cf8wu 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I need to foundation course any syllabus you can help me

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day friends
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @pradgadagkar8557
    @pradgadagkar8557 ปีที่แล้ว

    Clumsy

  • @roshanmpr
    @roshanmpr 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    please turn off auto focus

  • @bbenjoy8119
    @bbenjoy8119 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hindi me Chahiye

  • @vijay041195
    @vijay041195 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Nihal, Do you have an Instagram account? Please share username.

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      nihalgupta705

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @balagurud5540
    @balagurud5540 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Tumble home ans wrong

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Kindly Share the Right answer , if you are saying so.

    • @anstinemathew4845
      @anstinemathew4845 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Tumble home we have TST tanks to uprighting the vessel

    • @discountcuppon
      @discountcuppon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy teacher's day
      For preparation of second mate / DNS/ BSC nautical science/NCV come in #kundanpatna

  • @zulqarnainaliofficial7430
    @zulqarnainaliofficial7430 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Ship hull important parts:
    th-cam.com/video/IRbuqOkMd1k/w-d-xo.html

  • @rivaldoeurope7410
    @rivaldoeurope7410 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Can you please make some videos with the parts of the bottom bottom tank

  • @PawanYadav-wm5mn
    @PawanYadav-wm5mn 6 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Great job bro...
    And thanks a lot for such a great lecture...

    • @NihalGupta
      @NihalGupta  6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      JAI HINDU
      Welcome 🙏

  • @arunkrishnans489
    @arunkrishnans489 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hlo sir..what if our radar is immersed in water ,and it doesn't necessarly meet summerload line..then how can we define aft perpendicular and fwd

  • @Hari-zy4fx
    @Hari-zy4fx 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Transum post and stren tube propeller shaft...add those too

  • @kasperaustin
    @kasperaustin ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks sir 🎉

  • @shanusharma4149
    @shanusharma4149 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    what is strake???

  • @santham8906
    @santham8906 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good job sir🥰