Animated Nitrogen Fixation

This animated nitrogen fixation video provides an overview of natural and industrial nitrogen fixation, along with benefits, costs, trends, and effects on ecosystems. Nitrogen fixation is the conversion of nitrogen (N~2) in the atmosphere to produce ammonia and ammonium (NH3~ and NH~4+) or nitrate (NO3~-). The narrative connects fixation to the broader nitrogen cycle, which supports life on Earth, and discusses the roles of nitrogen fixing microbes, lightning, and the industrial Haber-Bosch process in ammonia production. The video highlights the many products that are made with fixed nitrogen, along with the energy costs, trends, and environmental impacts of increasing rates of industrial Haber Bosch nitrogen fixation. The animation is built from information in Edwards et al., 2024,
doi.org/10.101... and cites additional sources. A related animation on the entire nitrogen cycle is available at www.usgs.gov/m....
USGS Video:
www.usgs.gov/m...
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CREDITS:
Except for those listed below, all images were drawn by Joshua Johnson (Contractor for USGS) or modified from uncopyrighted images from Pixabay; all music and sound effects were also obtained from Pixabay, licensed under Creative Commons Zero (CC0) (pixabay.com) 
Nitrogenase molecule: Jjsjjsjjs. 2012. “Structure of nitrogenase”. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 Deed. Nitrogenase - Nitrogenase - Wikipedia