Newton’s Cradle Explained
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 ต.ค. 2024
- Do you know how Newton’s Cradle works? In this video, Museum Educator Eric demonstrates how momentum will always stay the same within a closed system. The same number of bowling balls pulled out of the Newton’s Cradle and then released will always be the same number of bowling balls that come out the other side, even if the more bowling balls are pulled out than remain behind. This is because of momentum, which does not change within a closed system with no external forces acting on it. Come along on a journey of scientific discovery and Newtonian mechanics!
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Among the world's largest science centers, the Museum of Science engages millions of people each year to the wonders of science and technology through interactive exhibitions, digital programs, giant screen productions, and preK - 12 EiE® STEM curricula through the William and Charlotte Bloomberg Science Education Center. Established in 1830, the Museum is home to such iconic experiences as the Theater of Electricity, the Charles Hayden Planetarium, and the Mugar Omni Theater. Around the world, the Museum is known for digital experiences such as Mission: Mars on Roblox, and traveling exhibitions such as the Science Behind Pixar. Learn more at www.mos.org/
Copyright © 2024. Museum of Science. All rights reserved. This video is owned by the Museum of Science and may not be reproduced, redistributed, or used in any manner without prior written permission from the Museum of Science.
I’m so happy to have found the physics side of TH-cam again
It's pretty fun over here! Always something new to learn!
Ye
Cspt it's wrong. 'Exactly the same speed' 'closed system's pls
@@museumofscience ty bro, actually making science fun ggs
I find it rather shallow and pedantic.
If all my physics class was like this it would be so much better 😅
yeah
yeah because this teaches very basic concepts lol after like 5 minutes you need to get into the grit of mathematics etc.
Were?
You didn't actually learn anything from this video. You already knew that conservation of momentum was a thing....
@@charliecampbell6851 exactly. I don't get why people comment this under every video where they have some large scale experiment as if they're actually learning
I know how this works and have watched these countless times but for some reason it still brings me joy watching it every time.
Same
As it should, brother!😊 It reveals some WILDLY beautiful principles inherent to the place in which we live. 🌞
Same!
We need refresher to our memories. Learning never stopped at school. We will continue learning until the day we died.
Idk why but thos newton's cradle just isn't as satisfying as the tiny ones you can buy.
Physics is sweet when you have great tutors beside you!
Fax
I'm so relaxed, but also informed.. I like it
Ikr so relaxing!! I already knew how it worked but I just love watching them
relaxed but informed, i liked that 😊
I will never love anything more than the passion that you can visibly see coming from people who love science explaining it to others, they’re clearly so happy and passionate about it
he’s such a jolly chap 😁
@@elijahnash3807exactly how I feel about my boyfriend. He’s a science nerd and the smile he gets when I ask him a science question is just incredible 😊
it's why ppl like Beakman & Bill Nye fascinate so many 💙
Thought there were faces on the balls
deaf people :😊
blind people:💀
I’ve realized I’ve never actually hated physics, just the way it was taught to me
(I’ve always loved math tho)
Some learners do better with hands-on demonstrations!
@@museumofscienceI just have one question. Why is that the total mass that moves also stays the same? For example if you pull 2 balls and hit the other three, if just one ball moves twice the speed of the first two, wouldn't that have the same momentum? Why doesn't it happen?
Because this system conserves both momentum (p=mv) and kinetic energy (k=1/2mv^2), so the only valid solution is to hold both mass and velocity constant as well.
no, you actually hate it. if this is what you call physics, that is.
@wazitooya it is physics though. sure it’s a simple concept, but it’s still physics 💀
I respect that this guy doesn’t just talk but instead demonstrates what he is doing
My grandpa had one of these on his desk and i would play with it all the time as a kid. Thanks for bringing up the memory
I played with my grandparents for hours
They were all the rage when I was a kid in the early 70s, always wanted one, they were called “executive’s toys”.😁
How big was your grandpa's desk 😮
Your grandpa definitely caught a glimpse of Bob Proctor back in the day. “What you put it is what you get out of life”
I the 70's there was a toy called a Klacker.
exactly the same as this but two balls on a string, the faster the momentum they arced 180 degrees hitting each other. Anybody remember?
Science teachers were always my favorites. They always go out of their way to show something that’s truly simple yet so complex.
Our Museum Educators are amazing at what they do!
Nerd science 🤓🤓🤓
it must be such a satisfying feeling to think of a way to explain easily!!!
Mine wasn’t, some crazy Russian chick who made me clean tables with some heavy chemicals for dentention which gave me and my friend a horrible headache
Agree - but Ima step in for an incredible history teacher I had in the 90s in New York. Mr. Hadzima, would ACT OUT - with costumes - historical stuff. The war of the roses, for example, saw him dressed as Margaret of Anjou and our TA as Richard the 3rd. (Who was later found under a carpark). I hated European history, and failed it every year except for his. THIS is how you really teach. Make it memorable. RIP Margaret of Anjou aka Mr. Hadzima.
Best M&M commercial ever.
😂😂 nice
HA!!!
Edit: make that peanut m&ms 😁
Whatttt😂😂😂
Close your eyes & you'll want 🍿
Physics is so fascinating to watch in action, it's like magic! It's amazing how simple yet complex science can be.
Physics can feel magical, but at the heart of it kinematics is just describing motion with math!
Yeah when the balls hit the other balls I couldn't keep up either. So complex.
So math is the core 😮@@museumofscience
I SEE YOU EVERYWHERE DUDE
Bot
The clacking is satisfying 😊
Clacking is the perfect word choice here
Wanna do sword fight?
Yeah it almost made me come
@@sumuqh 💀
It’s cool I will give you that
That 'tock' sound is SO satisfying!!
It reminds me of heads colliding and I hate it
I was just going to say how much I love the sound!
I love how when he demonstrates with one ball and says one ball will go out the other side, the second ball also moves a little. For those who are confused, it's because Newton's laws are based on a perfect system where no external forces are acting on the objects and all of the balls are exactly equal in mass. In this case, the balls are likely of slightly different masses, as the real world is not perfect, so the second ball moves just a little bit.
I just appreciate the irony that what he is saying is not what's happening in front of him
I bet if he didn’t put it so high up there would only be 1 ball moving instead of 2. Too much energy can cause a runaway reaction, hence the nuclear reaction
It's most likely because the collisions don't transfer the energy instantly, even if the masses are the same. The collisions aren't perfectly rigid (so yeah no perfect system) so not all the incoming energy is able to pass through the second ball to the farthest one.
The other factors are I can think of are
Energy lost to sound and heat
The last sentence is "The only way to change the momentum in a closed system is to add an external force" How do the presenter's actions when he says this constitute adding an external force? All he's doing is moving the balls about, which he was doing before. Please explain anybody.
@@relzyn5545 that and air resistance are what makes the balls swing lower and lower each time until the energy is all dissipated.
The way he talks is so easy to follow without feeling like I’m being talked down to and I love it so much!
I've seen so many demonstrations of this and I never get tired of them.
i've seen so many newton's cradles at this point and i still watched it the whole way through
I've seen this expirement a hundred times and it's still satisfying to watch
The 2am can’t sleep side of YT shorts 🤣✍🏿
I think this requires both conservation of energy AND momentum. Momentum, alone, could be conserved by having a ball come off at a different speed than the incoming ball(s).
How is that not applicable to conservation of energy as well? Energy can stay the same if 1 ball comes off the other side when hit by 2 but at twice the speed. That's why I never understood why exactly Newton's cradle works
In energy speed is squared in momentum it is not. So to satisfy both laws only one solution s possible, @@AJD...
@@ronheffels357 oh I see yes you're right. Thank you
Yes, but how can we "predict" the final configuration(s) given an incoming configuration? Conservation allows us to "check" that a given outcome is correct. But who says there aren't other final configurations we haven't seen yet?
@EarlWallaceNYC I don't think you have to "guess." You have two variables (velocity and mass) and two equations (conservation of momentum and conservation of energy). Anyways, thanks for pointing out the way.
As a physicist-in-training who often feels like I'm not doing well enough to make it my profession (despite good grades), it's always so affirming to watch these exercises or puzzles or hypotheticals, and have my inuition give me the correct prediction of what's going to happen. I didn't have to run through the principles of anything, my brain just visualized 3 falling and 3 moving away, like how you know a ball will roll if you kick it.
It's exhausting having to rewire how you think about the world from the ground up in a lot of cases (especially when you hit the cosmic and quantum), but man is the result satisfying!
If only all of physics was as easy as one-dimensional perfectly (ish) elastic collisions.
Edit: Just realized this could come off like a dig at you or something, I just meant I struggled with the concepts at the end of my intro to physics course lol
@@Iwsssimuou no I get you! The most I ever questioned myself (so far) was during the Vibrations and Waves class in the general physics series. All those differential equations! 😵💫 I'd never experienced that kind of frustration with school before. But it's what I signed up for lol
😅 I am happy someone finds joy in physics. Unfortunately, I failed my courses in 2nd year at uni and diverted into medicine. Physics is very tough. Plus, the mathematical language by which it's expressed is out of this world 😅
I salute you for your bravery, and wish you all the best. If you conquer physics, you can conquer anything 🎉 obrigado amigos
You guys always find the right people to host these small segments! They are always so engaging and make it so interesting and fun.
We appreciate that! We have an amazing team of Museum Educators that we love showcasing!
I remember being a kid in middle school and being fascinated by a Newton’s Cradle, it still never fails to fascinate me.
I’ve always wanted to see someone do what you did at the end- thank you. 😭❤
I love using these shorts to get my 7 yo excited about science it really helps with home schooling and makes teaching so much easier.
We're so glad your child loves them!
My mom had that on her desk and I could watch it for hours. It always amazed me
Even the most simple things of our existence are incredible.
I love educational vids like this. Thank you for posting this.
You're welcome!
Momentum is only half of the story, because it doesn't explain why not all balls continue with a smaller speed. Momentum is mass * speed but energy is mass * speed^2 both have to be conserved. Conserving both at the same time only works if neither speed nor mass change.
Momentum is a Vector quantity and hence has a direction there was no need for using the term speed without considering directions you could have used velocity. It is a classic case of elastic collision and not only kinetic but there's a slight constant change in gravitational potential energy of the system too.
Thank you for adding that. It's an important part, since if we *only* look at momentum conservation, the most intuitive thing to happen when you let 4 balls go is that the last one gets a ton of extra speed (4x the speed of the others) to conserve the momentum.
Thanks dude, exactly what I was going to comment.
You’ll have more success if you ditch speed and say (momentum^2)/mass is conserved . Contrary to fast and furious, there is no need for,speed.
@@exscape What if the 4 balls were glued together when you let them go?
That last part was straight ASMR
Wats ASMR
This is exactly the sort of science where, if it wasn’t demonstrated in front of us, some people would call it nonsense. Amazing.
It’s neat to pull one from one side and two from the other and it still works or pull three from one side and two to the other. It’s neat how you can vary.
I'm glad Gaben finally reincarnated as a physics teacher.
And he could count to three
This was a fun and quick lesson on physics.
Like this science demo? Learn more with us in person at the Museum of Science in Boston!
im not american though
Online videos are really helpful for my art history studies which are often connected to technology and science.
What is it called when all of them synchronize after some time again?
Because of the force you do,this was a good examples for forces that others didnt know more about force and physics
The sound is so satisfying
You should go to the bowling alley and sit where the balls are returned. You would be in heaven.
My grandfather had a tabletop one of these. His interest in science and tinkering fed mine!😊😊😊 I wish I could have met my maternal grandfather! He andd my only uncle were killed in a 1952 car wrexk!!!😔😔😔
You're discounting the movement of the 2nd ball in the 1 ball activation demonstration
That was the only reason I was reading the comments section!
@@ThPaScCo if he had waited for them to settle and all touch one another this ball would have not moved as drastically
The collision is not 100% inelastic, so not 100% of the kinetic energy is transferred.
Watching these physics videos rekindles my childhood curiosity, every single time!
bro just explained this after years ty for this 🙏
even having owned and played with Newton's cradles, watching it work remains fascinating.
That was the coolest thing I’ve seen on TH-cam! Excellent demonstration 🎉🎉🎉
We're glad you liked it!
As simple as this is I have always enjoyed watching it.
Fantastic explanation! Thank you!
He doesn't really explain why it's still 3 balls that move from the other side, instead of 2 with 50% greater speed each, and the same overall momentum (assuming they all weight the same).
Conservation of momentum does not show the whole picture. If you drop 3 glued balls only one will come from the other side at triple the speed.
This is what I was wondering. It could just be that the balls are hitting one at a time and for each hit a ball comes out the other side. What happens with a ball with the mass of two other balls, or maybe even 1.5.
Have you seen the glued balls in action?
We would need to test it IRL to see exactly, but what would actually happen is that the glued balls would bounce off and the ball on the other side would come out at some speed, definitely less than triple the speed, you can't be tripling your total kinetic energy out of nowhere
Wait the glued part might actually not bounce back, just decreaase velocity. Allow me to do the math on a 2d approximation of a newtons cradle (where I assume perfectly elastic colissionsl
@@thenightterror9827 It's been a long time since I learned about this. Am I thinking correctly that you can't transfer all momentum into a smaller mass because that would create energy and if you transfer all momentum into a higher mass the excess energy would have to become heat and such?
Conservation of momentum and conservation of energy don’t explain the phenomenon shown in the video, which is truly a result of something called “integrability” of the newton’s cradle.
Integrability means that in this particular system not just momentum (p) or energy (p^2) are conserved, but also higher order momenta (p^3, p^4,…).
Integrability is a special property of certain linear systems. In fact if balls were not lined up, but were placed on a billiard you would not observe any conservation of ball clusters.
This channel better than our school😂😂.
Loved this desk decor when I was a kid. So much fun.
Oh finally real, interesting information in youtube shorts. I feel safe again!
In the 1970s these were, in a smaller version, a popular desk toy
I have one and I'm pretty young
Physics in school 😴😴
Physics on TH-cam 💀💀
You would have learned exactly this if you listened
@@BiqDiqEnagy🤓
@@BiqDiqEnagyListening is not enough, and it isn't fun, it's boring for most people, understanding what the teacher meant need sometime to process, especially without physical illustration.
@@BiqDiqEnagylistening won't help if your school is terrible
Actually everything you see its more fun. Schools need more experiments and less reading and writing.
So glad to see how well your channel's Shorts have been doing - Love your museum, I went there so much when I was younger!
Thank you for sharing that great memory! We love being able to share science with so many more people through TH-cam Shorts!
What if you take all 5?
There would not be a transfer of momentum, but you would get all five going in the other direction momentarily!
That’s the moment to have a cinder block placed on the floor just before release.
This is what is called “the trivial solution “ with 5+0=0+5
Balls go to space 😂
It will create a black hole
Only with totally inelastic collisions, this is why you see the second last ball come away a little as well because it is not totally an inelastic collision.
So cool! Thank you!!
You're so welcome!
TH-cam knows exactly what I want to watch at 2AM
"exactly one ball" - two balls move 🤔
There are external forces acting, goofy. Anything on that scale is imperfect and affected by a lot of things. Don't nitpick a good demonstration
@@thepotatotaxi2430 It's not the demonstration that's in question, it's the explanation. Science demands accuracy. You can't say "exact" in a scientific demonstration and show something that's not exact. He also said the ball would come out at "exactly" the same speed, but we know that through some loss of energy, that can't be possible.
Now do all the balls
It will duplicate and add 5 more balls and continue the momentum
I swear I've seen him run the lightning show as well.
This is a better way to learn to be honest
Wow! I couldn't understand this when I was in school. Thanks
Visual teaching is so amazing.
I’m surprised that this was as interesting as it was. Pretty cool. Thanks man.
Pull one from one side and two from the other. Fascinating watching the momentum cross eachother.
Ive seen every short about the newtons raddle cuz i love it
For real science isn't hard, it's just how it's explained
The last one was the most satisfying!
Why is the end so satisfying...
This is the most satisfying thing I’ve seen this month
Thanks for teaching me something I learned over a decade ago.
Only one who's ever explained it properly. 👏👏👏
An explanation for the movements of the wires would go so hard
Im actually very happy i discovered this channel
We're happy you did, too!
This is actaully so cool, i expected it but its something else to see it work
i knew the basic concept with the one ball but never thought the same thing applied with more balls, that's so cool!
It's pretty cool seeing it in action!
Love this! Great demonstrative for homeschooled Physics class.
My teacher was so fun with this kind of things. I really liked him. ❤
I visited Science City, Kolkata last month and I played with this for a few minutes. Now I got the physics behind that.
Wonderfully depicted!👌🏻
Learned more in this short than my 3 years in science during high school 😂
Yay! More of these clips please!
I've never wanted a Newton's Cradle more in my entire life.
Thank you for this short science lesson.
I took physics for a year and this short video helped me understand moment more than that class
This is way far better than my Physics Class’s i had for 4 years in School
I have a pretty good understanding of physics but this has always amazed me.
Useful on so many levels for life on earth ☺️
Yes- physics can be understood with this You Tube❤😊TY
An amazing explanation of momentum.
Where’s the life lesson about external force that I needed to hear on this sunny summer night
😮... I'm interested!!! Classes should've been like this
He actually makes you love the physics(I always thought physics were boring)
Thank you for sharing this with us
There’s a kids science museum in Hot Springs, Arkansas that had one of these bowling ball Newton’s Cradles. I loved it when I was a kid.
Very interesting. Keep up the work!
That “clack” sounds sooo good
That's some satisfying bowling ball knocking.
Growing up we had a small version of one of these on our coffee table. I've played with it for hours throughout the years.
This is actually nuts… Like I’m seriously blown away by this…😂
Having a good physics teacher doesn't translate to one getting good at it. You will have put your efforts in.
I would have passed my physics class if I had this kind of teaching
Excellent example of hermetic principle of rhythm.
I discovered this as a ten year old with a desk toy and it’s still as awesome now as it was then
It's just so satisfying!